Perception Of Stimulation Research Articles

Effective elderly adjustment.

Effective elderly adjustment.

Prevention by Specific Perceptual Remediation for Vulnerable First-Graders

In a pretest-posttest design with two matched control groups, 86 first-graders screened as vulnerable to academic failure and behavioral decompensation were each assigned to one of three groups: (1) channel-specific perceptual stimulation, (2) regular academic tutoring (contact controls), or (3) no contact. On most measures, including perceptual and achievement tests and behavior ratings by teachers, group 1 showed more improvement than either of the control groups. Several of these differences were significant (P less than .05, two-tailed). In general, the two control groups came closer to each other than to group 1. With no further intervention, follow-up one year later showed more dramatic significance. On every measure, group 1's improvement surpassed that of the control groups, and diverged from them even more than at posttest; this divergence was significant on most measures. Group 1 improved significantly (P less than .05 to P less than .01) in reading, IQ, and three behavior scales, while both control groups showed only deterioration on these measures. Group 1 gained five IQ points on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, while the controls lost five. On the Davids Scale, group 1 improved significantly (P less than .01) to "probably not hyperkinetic," while both control groups deteriorated to "probably hyperkinetic." The hypothesized mechanism of group 1's behavioral superiority at follow-up was its significant (P less than 0.1) reading improvement, with secondary emotional benefits.

Visual-manipulative response strategies in infant operant conditioning with spatially displaced feedback.

Six‐ and 9‐month‐old infants were exposed to contingent or non‐contingent perceptual stimulation from a source which was spatially displaced at 60° from the infant's midline. Reliable operant acquisition was observed in the case of the 9‐month‐old infants, but not in the case of the 6‐month‐old infants, whose performance was similar to that of non‐contingent controls. Examination of visual fixations of the feedback source coincidental with touching the manipulandum revealed the emergence of a strategy in the older infants which appeared to be critical for response acquisition. The emergence of this strategy is interpreted in terms of the older infants' increased capacity to remain oriented to task‐relevant stimuli which are no longer immediately visually available and to regulate behaviour on the basis of information derived from these stimuli.

The effects of three kinds of perceptual‐social stimulation on the development of institutionalized infants

In a traditional Institution, 48 infants, of both sexes, whose chronological age ranged from 2 to 3 months, were equally divided into four groups (3 experimental and 1 control group) and for a period of two months were submitted, daily, to three main types of stimulation: (1) perceptual, (2) social, and (3) perceptual ‐‐ social. A thought provoking conclusion emerges from the preliminary results: 2‐3‐months‐old institutionalized infants, who receive varied perceptual stimulation during a 10‐week period, present a developmental profile almost identical to the developmental profile of infants of the same age. I.Q.s and environment, who received, during the same length of time, a social stimulation through the agency of one person.

Some Observations on the Psychological Aspects of Cardiazol Therapy

In a recent paper (1, 2) Abse elaborates at some length the psychological aspect of cardiazol therapy, and suggests, among other things, that “asa result of repeated danger-situations and perceptual stimulation repression and organization (synthesis) follow as a psycho-biological necessity. The convulsion gives rise to objective anxiety and repression results, so that the ego, whose function it is, may deal with the situation. There may be factors (e.g. quantitative) which make this desirable conclusion impossible to establish… . The physician can exploit his relationship to the patient to the latter's benefit… . and he (the physician) can increase his knowledge of the operative conditions in the patient's life by observation of the pre- and post-convulsive episodes.”