Perception Of Meaning Research Articles

دعوى زیادة الحروف فی القرآن الکریم ,والرد علیها من خلال أشهر حروف الزیادة : (مِنْ ، ما ، الباء ، لا ، الواو)

عرض البحث لقضية زيادة الحروف في القرآن الکريم برؤية جديدة قامت على التحقق من مفهوم الزيادة لدى العلماء ‘ واتخذ خمسة من حروف الزيادة کنموذج للدراسة ,وحاول جاهدا الربط بين السياقات القرآنية المتعددة التي يرد فيها الحرف الواحد ليدفع القول بزيادته وجمع التوجيهات التي تعين على ذلک مع الاستعانة بالناحية البلاغية والشرعية دون الاکتفاء بأقوال النحويين في الحرف. وقد جاء البحث في تمهيد وخمسة مباحث وخاتمة ‘ أما التمهيد فقد عرض لمفهوم الزيادة وبين اختلاف العلماء في المصطلح نفسه قديما وحديثا ‘ أما المباحث فقد تناولت خمسة حروف وهي : (من ‘ ما ‘ الباء ‘ لا ‘ الواو) جعلت کل حرف في مبحث وفق ترتيبها السابق قمت بدراسة السياقات وجمع أقوال العلماء فيها وحاولت التوفيق بينها والخروج بها عن حد الزيادة ‘أما الخاتمة فقد ذکرت فيها أهم النتائج ومنها: ـ بينت الدراسة اضطراب کلمة النحويين في مفهوم الزيادة , أو الصلة ـ کما هو الحال عند الکوفيين ـ ما بين قائل : إنها تعني أن الحرف لم يفد معنى جديدا وغيره. ـ بينت الدراسة أن أکثر القائلين بزيادة الحروف من النحويين ,وأنهم يراعون القواعد النحوية التي قامت على استقراء ناقص , أکثر ما يراعون المعنى. ـ تتبعت الدراسة أشهر وأهم الآيات التي حکم فيها بزيادة الحروف محل الدراسة ,وأثبتت أن لها تخريجات قوية غير القول بالزيادة. کما أوصت الدراسة بقيام دراسات متخصصة مستقلة لاستقراء کتاب الله ـ عز وجل ـ وتتبع المواضع التي يقال عن الحروف فيها بأنها زائدة , وجمع التخريجات الواردة في کتب التفسير والنحو لهذه الآيات التي يقال عن حروف المعاني فيها بأنها زائدة ثم تحمل على وجه صحيح يخرج الحرف عن حد الزيادة ؛ لأن هذا القول يفتح بابا من أبواب الطعن على کتاب الله ,وبخاصة في زماننا . ثم ذيلت البحث بثبت للمراجع والمصادر ‘والله من وراء السبيل. The research presented the topic of Affixes in The Glorious Quran with a new vision based on verifying the concept of Affixes to scholars, applying on five of these affixes as a model for this study. The researcher has done his best to link between the multiple Qur’anic contexts in which one affix is included in order to do away with the idea of its “meaningless”. Not only had the researcher, quoted the grammarians’ points of view, but he also provided Rhetorical and legal interpretations to support his argument. The study comes in an introduction, five chapters, and a conclusion, As for the introduction, it points out the concept of Affix and showed how scholars view it differently through the past and present times. As for the next five chapters, I singled a chapter for each affix of the five whereas I carefully examined contexts, collected scholarly statements, and tried to reconcile them to refute the claims of its meaninglessness. As for the conclusion, I mentioned the most important results, including: The study showed that the grammarians' word is disturbed in the concept of addition, or the link - as is the case with the Kufians - between those who say: It means that the letter did not benefit a new meaning and others. The study has shown that most of grammarians’ points of views on affix phenomenon are indecisive weather it is meaningful or meaningless as it is the case of Kufi grammarians. The study traces the commonest verses in which affixes are found obviously, and provides pieces of evidence which, unlike what is commonly claimed, they are meaningful. The study recommended the execution of independent specialized studies to go thoroughly in the Glorious Quran whereas these affixes are alleged to be meaningless and provide sound arguments of refutation. In the light of this correction of the perception of meaningfulness of affixes, new interpretation and grammatical explanation of these verses shall be a must as an urgent step to defend The Holy Book against recurrent attacks which, have been waged nowadays to challenge it. The paper is entailed with index, bibliography. May Allah guide us to the most righteous path.

Serendipity: Chance Encounters in the Marketplace Enhance Consumer Satisfaction

Despite evidence that consumers appreciate freedom of choice, they also enjoy recommendation systems, subscription services, and marketplace encounters that seemingly occur by chance. This article proposes that enjoyment can, in some contexts, be higher than that in contexts involving choice. This occurs as a result of feelings of serendipity that arise when a marketplace encounter is positive, unexpected, and attributed to some degree of chance. A series of studies shows that feelings of serendipity positively influence an array of consumer outcomes, including satisfaction and enjoyment, perceptions of meaningfulness of an experience, likelihood of recommending a company, and likelihood of purchasing additional products from the company. The findings show that strategies based on serendipity are even more effective when consumers perceive that randomness played a role in how an encounter occurred, and not effective when the encounter is negative, the encounter occurs deterministically (i.e., planned by marketers to target consumers), and consumers perceive that they have enough knowledge to make their own choices. Altogether, this research suggests that marketers can influence customer satisfaction by structuring marketplace encounters to appear more serendipitous, as opposed to expected or entirely chosen by the consumer.

Determination of Meaningful Perception and Its Ethical Implications from Peirce’s Perspective

Determination of Meaningful Perception and Its Ethical Implications from Peirce’s Perspective

Design of a Smart Classroom with Audio Visual (AV) Infrastructure for academic institutions to Enable Collaborative Learning

Smart classrooms are basically the rooms wherein students come together in a shared space to construct, manipulate, and negotiate meaning around a canvas. This enables collaborative learning in the most effective manner. The environments become immersive learning happens on walls, desks, tables, and in conversations. The interactive surfaces become shared perceptual spaces where students discuss meaning and clarity and come to a collective understanding. When there is an environment with touch screens dedicated to creating opportunities for shared perceptual meaning, the students could dig down and construct knowledge in a deeper way. If you want students exchanging, collaborating, and talking synchronously in class then shared public spaces should be the primary focus of work. There are many techniques and options for setting up a smart classroom. Depending on the requirement and fund availability, the features and technology can be chosen. The requirements in a school would be less in terms of cost and technology as the school student would not be much well versed with the technological platforms. In this paper we have discussed about a smart class room that could provide an automated interactive learning environment for a modernized classroom of a school.

Neural adaptation

The term 'neural adaptation' refers to the common phenomenon of decaying neuronal activities in response to repeated or prolonged stimulation. Many different roles of adaptation in neural computations have been discussed. On a single-cell level adaptation introduces a high-pass filter operation as a basic element for predictive coding. Interactions of adaptation processes with nonlinearities are key to many more computations including generation of invariances, stimulus selectivity, denoising, and sparsening. Neural adaptation is observed all the way along neuronal pathways from the sensory periphery to the motor output and adaptation usually gets stronger at higher levels. Non-adapting neurons or neurons that increase their sensitivity are rare exceptions. What computations arise by repeated adaptation mechanisms along a processing pathway? After giving some background on neural adaptation, underlying mechanisms, dynamics, and resulting filter properties, I will discuss computational properties of four examples of serial and parallel adaptation processes, demonstrating that adaptation acts together with other mechanisms, in particular threshold nonlinearities, to eventually compute meaningful perceptions. Python code and further details of the simulations illustrating this primer are available at https://github.com/janscience/adaptationprimer.

Sharpness recognition based on synergy between bio-inspired nociceptors and tactile mechanoreceptors

Touch and pain sensations are complementary aspects of daily life that convey crucial information about the environment while also providing protection to our body. Technological advancements in prosthesis design and control mechanisms assist amputees to regain lost function but often they have no meaningful tactile feedback or perception. In the present study, we propose a bio-inspired tactile system with a population of 23 digital afferents: 12 RA-I, 6 SA-I, and 5 nociceptors. Indeed, the functional concept of the nociceptor is implemented on the FPGA for the first time. One of the main features of biological tactile afferents is that their distal axon branches in the skin, creating complex receptive fields. Given these physiological observations, the bio-inspired afferents are randomly connected to the several neighboring mechanoreceptors with different weights to form their own receptive field. To test the performance of the proposed neuromorphic chip in sharpness detection, a robotic system with three-degree of freedom equipped with the tactile sensor indents the 3D-printed objects. Spike responses of the biomimetic afferents are then collected for analysis by rate and temporal coding algorithms. In this way, the impact of the innervation mechanism and collaboration of afferents and nociceptors on sharpness recognition are investigated. Our findings suggest that the synergy between sensory afferents and nociceptors conveys more information about tactile stimuli which in turn leads to the robustness of the proposed neuromorphic system against damage to the taxels or afferents. Moreover, it is illustrated that spiking activity of the biomimetic nociceptors is amplified as the sharpness increases which can be considered as a feedback mechanism for prosthesis protection. This neuromorphic approach advances the development of prosthesis to include the sensory feedback and to distinguish innocuous (non-painful) and noxious (painful) stimuli.

How do teachers perceive meaningful leadership? Overview of a qualitative exploration

Leaders’ self-realization and their intra-group behaviors at work are influenced by elements such as a sense of meaningful purpose and intrinsic motivation. This study aims to construct a model of meaningful leadership, based on the values, aspirations, and attitudes of a leader and how these qualities help them develop positive organizational cultures. The research, based on constructivist grounded theory design, utilized semi-structured interview technique with 15 teachers, examining their perceptions of meaningfulness and leadership. These interviews revealed ten core dimensions of meaningful leadership: An ultimate purpose in life, sharing meaning, understanding, linking the past, present, and future, wisdom, peacefulness, a sense of ethics, serving others, inner motivation, and fostering unity. These dimensions can be considered essential when identifying meaningful leaders. This proposed model of leadership, with a focus on meaningfulness, can play a pivotal role in an organization by contributing to self-realization of members and ensuring the unity of purpose. In educational organizations, a meaningful leadership approach can leverage leaders’ efforts by providing an intrinsic motivation source for all school members.

Підготовка педагогів до здійснення рухових завдань дітьми третього року життя в умовах ЗДО

The process of training of educators for performance motor tasks by children of the third year of life in the conditions of institution of preschool education is specified. It was found that the structure of the open motor task for children of the third year of life should include process of solving the motor task (how to move?); means of solving a motor task (familiar to the child objects that surround him or data directly to perform a motor task); motives for the reproduction of movement. It is taken into account that the motor task is aimed at the development of meaningful perception of the child's movement, its implementation. In addition, it helps to create an image of movement in the child. The meaningful manifestation of movement is considered in the motor action of the child. The motive for the reproduction of movement is to satisfy the child's need for movement, along with the need for action with objects, communication, recognition of an adult, play, etc. The features of preparation and carrying out of open motor tasks by the example of three mini-motor tasks are presented. The author focuses on the educational influences that take place among the motor tasks of open and closed types, which are included in stories for kids about movements, game-demonstrations, game-exercises, action games. It was found that open type motor tasks help to develop the image of movement among the child of the third year of life, which in turn contributes to a meaningful perception of movement by the child, its implementation. Motor tasks as a way of developing the content of motor activity, which contributes to the meaningful implementation of movements by children of the third year of life in the conditions of institution of preschool education, were introduced into the educational process of early age children in Zhytomyr institution of preschool education during 2020-2021. In particular, a series of motor tasks of open types that have a common goal – the formation of the image of movement in the child: walking, running, balance, climbing (climbing), jumping, throwing (preparatory exercises) based on previously learned movements, tested in the institution of preschool education in Zhytomyr (Ukraine) (December 2020 – April 2021).

Factors of psychological well-being of adolescents in the aspect of self-knowledge

The premise for the present study lies in the lack of a unanimous scientific opinion on the relationship between self-knowledge and psychological well-being. The article presents the results of a study of the factors of psychological well-being of adolescents associated with their self-knowledge. The relevance of the conducted study is due to the need to integrate scientific knowledge on the internal factors contributing to psychological well-being. The scientific novelty is shaped by the fact that adolescents’ self-knowledge in the context of their psychological well-being is understudied and is examined for the first time. The study includes 500 adolescents aged 13-17 years old from schools in Tula, Lipetsk, and Moscow regions. The conducted factor analysis reveals common and specific factors of psychological well-being that are significant for adolescents with varying levels of psychological well-being. The common factors found in the entire sample are the desire for self-reflective analysis, for successful communication, for physical harmony, and for a meaningful perception of one’s future. The specific factors relevant for each group – adolescents with high, average, and low levels of psychological well-being – are also identified. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the psychological well-being of adolescents at different levels of psychological well-being is determined by factors related to self-knowledge. The presented work is of interest for researchers concerned with the problems of adolescents’ psychological well-being, as well as in designing educational programs and projects aimed at improving the psychological well-being of adolescents.

Analysis of students’ lived experiences in music school: where does the meaning of learning hide?

This qualitative research discloses students’ subjective lived experiences in Lithuanian music school; thus, creating assumptions for implementing meaningful learning in children’s education. Music schools which dominate other non-formal education are not exempted because students’ lived experiences show that learning is given meaning there even before the commencement of formal learning. When formal learning starts, the perception of meaningfulness of learning begins to change. Results demonstrate that usually opposite experiences of those things which are expected are gained after students start learning, and that continuous communication between students and teachers in music schools is an antidote against meaningless teaching and learning.

The Diminishing Effect of Transformational Leadership on the Relationship Between Task Characteristics, Perceived Meaningfulness, and Work Engagement.

The topic of employee work engagement in the public sector has attracted broad attention because it is critical to the efficiency and effectiveness of public services. Based on the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) and the Integrative Theory of Employee Engagement (ITEE), the present research adopts a multilevel design to examine a moderated mediation model in which task characteristics (i.e., task autonomy and task significance as level-1 predictors) and social context (i.e., transformational leadership as a level-2 moderator) jointly impact employee work engagement via individual perception of meaningfulness in work. A total of 349 grassroots police officers from 35 police substations were invited to anonymously complete a survey via mobile app. After performing the cross-sectional analysis, the results indicated that in contrast to task significance, the conditional effect of task autonomy on work engagement via perceived meaningfulness was more positive at a lower level of transformational leadership. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.

Rethinking sense of coherence: Perceptions of comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness in a group of Palestinian health care providers operating in the West Bank and Israel.

Drawing on a salutogenic perspective, we explored sense of coherence (SOC) in a group of Palestinian mental health care providers living and working in Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories (West Bank). Specifically, we conducted a qualitative exploration of the cultural characteristics of SOC and its components (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness) in two groups of Palestinian Muslim helpers. We found that context-specific features of SOC can mobilize generalized resistance resources for coping with traumatic and stressful experiences, even in an environment characterized by political instability, military violence, and social trauma. Ten main themes emerged from the thematic content analysis: acceptance, reacting to adversity, acknowledging human insecurity (comprehensibility), self-control, talking to family, education as a resource for survival, connecting to the severity of the event, responsibility as a source of control (manageability), religiosity, and sense of belonging (meaningfulness). The Islamic faith, as expressed through the concepts of Sumud and Taslim, seemed to permeate individuals' ability to attribute meaning to historical and transgenerational trauma, as well as to their ongoing traumatic conditions, thus acting as their ultimate source of health and wellbeing. A holistic, spiritual, and collectivist outlook helped respondents to approach their lives with optimism. We discuss the implications for mental health care providers and future research directions.

Junior High School Counselors’ Perceptions toward Multicultural Competence

Multicultural competence is an important and required competence by counselors whom work in multicultural society background. The reality shows that this competence has been developed because there is no interest of multicultural counseling reviews. This research aims to obtain counselor perspective at Junior High School level in Semarang about multicultural competences. By using questionnaire given to 115 counselors/Guidance and Counseling teachers and descriptive statistics method analysis, it was obtained that most of counselors had positive and meaningful perceptions toward multicultural competences which they assumed important and useful in carrying out their tasks. However, they argued that there was a need of self-development through training. This research implicates the needs of training model to develop Indonesian culture based multicultural competences.

Neural Correlates of Perceptual Grouping Under Conditions of Inattention and Divided Attention.

Grouping local elements of the visual environment together is crucial for meaningful perception. While our attentional system facilitates perception, it is limited in that we are unaware of some aspects of our environment that can still influence how we experience it. In this study, the neural mechanisms underlying the Ponzo illusion were examined under inattention and divided-attention conditions using functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the brain regions responsible for accessing visual stimuli. A line discrimination task was performed in which two horizontal lines were superimposed on a background of black and white dots that, on occasion, induced the Ponzo illusion if perceptually grouped together. Our findings revealed activation for perceptual grouping in the frontal, parietal, and occipital regions of the brain and activation in the bilateral frontal, temporal, and cingulate gyrus in response to divided attention compared with inattention trials. A direct comparison between grouping and attention showed involvement of the right supramarginal gyrus in grouping specifically under conditions of inattention, suggesting that even during implicit grouping complex visual processing occurs. Given that much of the visual world is not represented in conscious perception, these findings provide crucial information about how we make sense of visual scenes in the world.

The link between transformational leadership and work-related performance: moderated-mediating roles of meaningfulness and job characteristics

PurposeBased on the job characteristics theory (Oldham and Hackman, 2010), the authors highlighted the mediating role of job meaningfulness as a critical psychological state. Employees' positive perception of job meaningfulness could maximize organizational positive outcomes based on task orientation and trustful relationship-based satisfying behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relations among transformational leadership, job characteristics, job meaningfulness and task-related job performance. The conceptual model of this paper is developed based on the theoretical foundations for assessing mediating and moderating path relations among the exogenous and endogenous variables.Design/methodology/approachBased on the research questions with literature review, the research framework was developed to show the moderated mediating mechanism of the link between transformational leadership and in-role performance. Data analyses for hypothesis testing were conducted by Hayes' PROCESS macro-based hierarchical regression.FindingsUnderstanding how organizations can optimally design a job based on job characteristics and helping employees maintain psychological states having meaningfulness and responsibility for outcomes are critical. This paper calls attention to how job characteristics and an individual's meaningfulness of work embedded in a given job play a role in influencing job performance.Originality/valueThis study provides a snapshot for examining the job characteristic model on the link between leadership and job performance. By using process analysis (Hayes, 2013), this study examined the moderating role of job characteristics and mediating role of meaningfulness at work in the link of leadership–performance.

PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION AS A CRITERION FOR THE QUALITY OF PERSONNEL TRAINING IN THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

The period of study in an educational institution that provides professional education services is of great importance for the individual, as it is at this time that he begins to take part in industrial relations, to demonstrate a mature, meaningful perception of his own profession, supported by a clear motivation and a formed system of values. The intensification of personal responsibility for their own social well-being and contribution to a particular professional activity should be combined with the intensification of the responsibility of the educational institution for the level of training of the future employee. In the context of the research, the tasks of ensuring professional self-identification (hereinafter – PS) are not limited to the choice of specialty and profile. This process helps students to assess adequately the prospects for revealing their own identity in the framework of their upcoming professional activities. PS is interpreted by the scientific community as both a process and a result of the evolution of a specialist, each phase of which has a different functional content. At the same time, special attention is paid to late adolescence, as it is during this period that issues related to the choice of the sphere of application of daily paid efforts acquire an expressed, far from speculative relevance. The main components of self-identification as a psychological and pedagogical phenomenon include the following: connection with the subject, procedural nature, awareness, autonomy. PS is a type of human activity (an aspect of personal self-identification), implemented within the framework of age, worldview and status changes and, if necessary, regulated by specially provided measures – career guidance, educational process, research work.

The Mediator Effect of Meaningfulness on the Relationship Between Schizotypy Traits and Suicidality.

Introduction: Previous studies have found that schizotypy can predict suicide, and that meaningfulness has influential effects on suicidality in the general population. However, it is still not clear whether meaningfulness is associated with suicidality in individuals with schizotypy. The aim of this study was to assess the mediating effects of meaningfulness in the relationship between schizotypy and suicidality.Method: We recruited 2,615 university students (including undergraduates and postgraduates; mean age = 18.35, SD = 0.81; males, 39%) to participate in our study, and used the Meaningful Life Measure (Chinese, revised) to assess their experiences of meaningfulness, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire (Chinese version) to evaluate participants' suicidal thoughts and attempts, and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire to examine their personal schizotypal traits.Results: Meaningfulness was found to be inversely related to the other two factors, and schizotypy was positively associated with suicidality. The correlation between schizotypy and suicidality was reduced when meaningfulness was included, which may suggest that meaningfulness can partly mediate this relationship, accounting for 55.47% of the association.Conclusions: Prior research has suggested that assessing meaningfulness could provide more detailed information about suicide risk in individuals with schizotypy. Our study found that improving perceptions of meaningfulness can be an effective intervention in reducing suicide risk among people with schizotypy.

How does the non-conscious become conscious?

In this My Word, Joseph LeDoux describes how his work as a graduate student got him interested in human consciousness. Although he has not studied this topic since 1970s, he never stopped thinking and writing about it during his four-decade career exploring how non-conscious processes involving the amygdala detect and respond to danger. Here, he tells us what is on his mind about consciousness these days.

Authentic leadership and meaningfulness at work

PurposeThis study aims to examine whether, how, and when authentic leadership shapes followers' perceptions of meaningfulness at work. Using authentic leadership theory, we posit that authentic leadership leads to more favorable perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which, in turn, results in enhanced experiences of meaningfulness at work. In addition to studying authentic leadership as a driver of CSR perceptions, and hence meaningfulness, we also examine if followers' attributions of self-centered motives to organizational engagement in CSR moderates the above relationship.Design/methodology/approachIn all, 368 employees from Indian IT industry participated in the survey. Data were analyzed using Process (Hayes 2013) in SPSS.FindingsResults supported the hypothesized moderated mediation model by revealing that attribution of self-centered motives undermines the positive impact of authentic leadership on CSR perceptions, and, subsequently, meaningfulness.Practical implicationsBy presenting CSR as a source of meaningfulness at work, this study establishes CSR as an important tool for fostering employee well-being. The internal corporate communication should emphasize how CSR activities of the organization represent core organizational values and organization’s genuine concern for the society.Originality/valueThe study adds to the leadership literature and integrates it with a divergent discipline of CSR by signifying the role of authentic leadership in the CSR process. By presenting a refined analysis of CSR in a developing country, this research expands the understanding of the expression of CSR in markets outside the developed core.

Legacy Work: Assessing the Impact on Families and Staff in the Hospital Setting (QI611)

•Evaluate the impact of memory stone making on staff, caregivers, and families.•Describe a novel approach to legacy work which is inexpensive, easy to implement and sustainable. Legacy work (LW) refers to interventions that provide memory making at the end of life. Memory stone (MS) making has been a form of LW used at our institution for over 4 years whereby patients' fingerprints are placed onto glass stones and given to loved ones. LW is a powerful tool that creates meaning for patients, families, and staff, allowing everyone to honor each patient's humanity as well as their own. The impact of MS making has never been evaluated and its meaning to families/staff has never been measured. We aimed to evaluate the perception of meaningfulness and value to families/staff regarding MS making in the hospital setting. Comment cards were added to LW kits located in each ICU and ward (26 units) and staff/families were invited to complete them after experiencing MS making. Responders were asked whether the activity was of value to them (yes/no) and to rate how meaningful the experience was on a scale from 0–10. Families/staff could also share comments. Card collection is ongoing. To date, 45 cards have been collected from various units. Of these, 84% (38) rated the experience highly meaningful and 92% (41) valued the activity. Comments were analyzed for themes. The top themes were gratitude, creating a lasting memory, and feeling comfort/support. Other themes included feeling a sense of connection and having something positive to focus on. MS making promoted perception of meaning at end of life for both families and staff. MS making is a simple and effective LW tool to implement in a stressful and busy hospital setting. Building this program was relatively inexpensive and had a high yield in regard to family/staff satisfaction and meaning. This poster will explore the ongoing measure of impact this program has on our families/staff, as well as provide a solid example to other institutions that may want to adopt similar practices.