Level Of Perception Research Articles

Pilot Testing on The Level of Knowledge and Perception of Green Practices in Livestock Sector Among Local Consumers

The livestock sector is vital to the global food chain. The demand for livestock products increases proportionally with the global population. Rearing livestock animals comes with inevitable environmental impacts. Adopting green practices in the livestock production chain may help lessen the impact. This pilot study aims to identify local consumers' level of knowledge and perception of adopting green practices in the livestock sector. A questionnaire consisting of three sections (Demography, Knowledge, Perception) was developed. Thirty-two respondents who are the primary decision-makers for household grocery shopping participated in the study. The respondents comprise 50.00% private sector employees, 28.13% government servants, and the rest are unemployed. The education level of the respondents is 40.63% with a diploma or equivalent, 34.38% with a higher degree, while the rest completed either secondary or primary education. The majority of the respondents (75.00%) chose price as the main criteria they considered when buying livestock products, followed by quality (68.75%), origin (46.88%), certification (31.25%), and only 12.55% included environmental impacts in their decision making. An average of 73.61% of the respondents have general knowledge of the green practices in the livestock sector. About 78.65% of the respondents positively perceive the idea of adopting green practices in the livestock sector. The correlation between education level and the respondents' knowledge and perception of green practices in the livestock sector was also evaluated. Overall, the study revealed a strong positive correlation between education level and green practices knowledge and education level with positive perception towards adopting green practices in the livestock sector. Based on the data collected, it is recommended that the study be conducted with a larger population to give a more accurate representation of the livestock consumer in Malaysia.

EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY OF ENTREPRENEURS' AWARENESS, PERCEPTION AND INTENTION IN DRIVING DIGITALIZATION FOR MSMES: A FOCUSED INSIGHT INTO SIDBI'S ROLE

Business dynamics have undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years, primarily driven by the digital revolution. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are recognized as the cornerstone of economic growth and development, and their adaptability to this digital era is paramount.This empirical investigation explores the complex relationship between entrepreneurs' awareness, perceptions, and intentions and their influence on the adoption of digitalization, with a focus on the digital initiatives of the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), which aims to transform MSMEs digitally. Various constructs, such as entrepreneurs' awareness, perceptions, and intentions, are used to evaluate digital adoption in small businesses. By examining entrepreneurs' levels of awareness, perceptions, and intentions, we aim to uncover the fundamental factors that shape their strategic choices regarding digital adoption.This study employs structural equation Modeling (SEM) through AMOS and adopts an explanatory survey method. It involved engaging Indian MSMEs with a total of 300 participants. Of these, 220 successfully submitted fully filled-out questionnaires through Google Forms.It is noteworthy that the examination of the research model revealed promising results by meeting the thresholds of CFI, RMSEA, and other similar measures. Findings reveal that entrepreneurs' awareness and intention positively influence digital adoption in MSMEs, whereas entrepreneurs' perception has no significant influence on digital adoption in MSMEs.This study has significant practical implications for policy formulation, entrepreneurial decision-making, collaborative efforts, risk mitigation, and future research directions in the context of digitalization within the MSME sector.

내담자의 사회계층과 상담사의 주관적 사회계층 수준에 따른 내담자 평가 차이

Recently, as the accessibility of counseling has improved, clients from various social class has received counseling through diverse channels. In order for clients of various social class to receive the full effect of counseling, counselors need to consider various social classes sensitively when understanding the clients and appealed problem. At this point, it is necessary to check whether counselors in Korea are free from bias due to social class. The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is a difference in the client’s evaluation by counselors (clinical impression and favorability) according to the client’s social class and the level of subjective social class perception of the counselor. This study is based on the virtual client’s intake interview questionnaire(vignette) of the 60 counselors in Korea and graduate students majoring in counseling. As a result of the analysis, the social class of the client did not significantly affect the counselor's evaluation. This suggests that counselors in Korea can be relatively free from social class bias. Finally, several possibilities that may have influenced these results and limitations and suggestions of this study were discussed.

Awareness and Perception of Physical Activity among Nigerian Pregnant Women Attending Primary and Tertiary Health Facilities: A Comparative Study

Background: Despite the benefits of physical activity (PA) during pregnancy, expectant women are not meeting the exercise recommendations. This may be connected with their level of awareness, perception, and attitude to physical exercise. Objective: To assess and compare the awareness and perception of pregnant women about PA at primary and tertiary health care facilities (PHC and THC) in a local government in Nigeria. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 502 pregnant women from six selected health facilities (250 PHC vs 252 THC). Their perception and awareness of PA were assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: Pregnant women accessing care in THC have a higher level of awareness than PHC attendees (60.7% vs 34.4%; p = 0.001). Women accessing care at PHC had a better perception of PA (67.2%) than women assessing care at THC 55.2% (p = 0.006). Age and occupation were significantly associated with awareness of PA among participants in PHC, while only occupation was significantly associated with THC. Age, occupation, and number of children alive were significant predictors of awareness of PA; in contrast, age, education, monthly income, and number of pregnancies were the predictors of perception of PA among the PHC participants. Conclusion: Awareness of PA was good in the tertiary facility but poor in PHC, while perception of PA was good in both facilities. Women, irrespective of parity, should be inspired to exercise as women who habitually exercise are more likely to continue during pregnancy.

PERSEPSI, TAHAP PENGETAHUAN DAN APLIKASI TADABBUR AL-QURAN: SATU KAJIAN DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR ALIRAN TAHFIZ

The Quran was revealed to the Prophet SAW as a guide for mankind. The goal of the Qur'anic revelation can be achieved impeccably when its content is read, understood, assimilated, and practiced in the Muslims’ lives. Reciting and memorizing the Qur'an has become a common practice in Malaysian society, especially those who follow the tahfiz tradition, but to what extent are the memorized verses of the Qur'an well understood and contemplated (tadabbur). Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the perception, level of knowledge, and application of tadabbur al-Quran (contemplation of the Quran) among tahfiz students. This study uses questionnaires as a quantitative research method. Quantitative analysis in this study used descriptive statistical analysis and one-way ANOVA. The study results found that the perception and knowledge level of the tadabbur concept among respondents was very good while the application was good. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between the selection factors of memorization and the perception, knowledge level, and application of tadabbur al-Quran among students of the tahfiz school. Understanding and memorizing the verses of the Qur'an is pivotal to producing Muslim individuals who master knowledge and can practice that knowledge as required by the Qur'an, at the same time, proving a knowledgeable human civilization

A QUALITATIVE COMPARISON OF THE PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIORS OF LAWYERS AND DOCTORS ON MARKETING

Marketing, which is in the process of evolving into being people-oriented, has started to take place in two basic human fields (sectors) that the state carries on such as law and health. The aim of this research is to reveal the level of perception and application of marketing in these two sectors. For this purpose, one-on-one interviews were conducted with lawyers and doctors. The obtained opinions were evaluated qualitatively, supported by quantitative data. According to the findings, lawyers and doctors consider marketing to be identical with early-stage marketing promotional activities. It has been demonstrated that in order for a contemporary human-oriented marketing approach to come to life in these two sectors, the current perceptions must be changed first.

Perceptions of Cryptocurrencies and Modern Money before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland and Germany

Research background: Despite the fact that the issue of private, decentralized digital money (cryptocurrencies) is already quite extensively described in the literature dedicated to the financial system, especially its periphery, there is a deficiency in terms of research on the opinions of participants in the financial system, based on trust in money and its widespread acceptance. International comparative studies are lacking, particularly those conducted before and after the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The pandemic showed that people had significantly changed their willingness to use different forms of money. Being isolated at home and avoiding direct contact with others, people started to use digital money more frequently. Purpose of the article: In response to the identified research gap, this study reports research results on the perception of cryptocurrencies by young financial market participants. It attempts to provide answers to the following research questions: (1) Has the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown of economies caused changes at the international level in perceptions and attitudes toward the traditional monetary system and cryptocurrencies? (2) Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed perceptions of cryptocurrencies as a potential alternative to current fiat money? Methods: To evaluate respondents’ opinions, a survey in the form of a questionnaire was conducted. The respondent groups in 2019/2020 were N = 171 (Germany = 143 and Poland = 128), while in 2021, N = 157 (Germany = 95 and Poland = 62). For analytical purposes, statistical analysis using the Z ratio test was used to capture the characteristics of the response distributions and the relationships between them. These two moments in time allowed us to determine whether there were significant changes between opinions before and after COVID-19. Findings & value added: The study’s results showed that while there are significant differences in perceptions of the traditional monetary system and cryptocurrencies due to a variety of factors, the COVID-19 pandemic and the shutdown of economies did not cause statistically significant differences in this regard.

Are holistic thinkers intellectually humbler? A first test

Intellectual humility (IH) is the tendency to consider that one's beliefs might be fallible. In a pre-registered preliminary study with an undergraduate sample (n = 350), we adapted IH measures to Turkish and in line with past research, we replicated IH's positive correlation with Openness to Experience and negative correlation with Closed-Mindedness. However, IH was not related to Discomfort with Ambiguity. Moreover, consistent with recent theoretical discussions of an overlap between IH and certain aspects of East Asian worldviews, we found that holistic thinking tendency positively predicted IH scores, beyond social desirability and effortful thinking. Our confirmatory study (n = 693) revealed that higher levels of middle way approach and perception of change components of holistic thinking were associated with greater intellectual humility beyond demographics and other substantive predictors of IH. While the effects were small in magnitude and their generalizability awaits further testing, these associations are sensible and motivate continued exploration of the relationship between IH and holistic thinking.

Perception of competencies for writing scientific articles in social and human sciences researchers

Considering that scientific writing presents complex challenges, we sought to determine the level of perception that social and human science researchers have about their competencies to write scientific articles, through a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 129 researchers of both sexes with various years of research experience participated. They self-assessed their writing using the Scale for Evaluating Scientific Articles in Social and Human Sciences by López-López, Tobón and Hernández-Juárez (2019), and an overall result of high level in writing competence was obtained, with a significant effect size; scoring highest in the Results and Reference List sections; while the lowest were in Style and Format and Appendices. When comparing writing competence with the variables gender, research experience or the number of books and articles published, no significant differences were found, despite the fact that in this study males presented a greater number of publications. However, the Methodology section, evaluated with the scale, research experience, as well as belonging to the male gender, were the predictor variables for the publication of articles. Finally, it is recommended that more support be given to female researchers and that more methodological training be provided to new researchers in the interest of promoting educational equity.

Public Perception toward Nursing Profession in Selective Arabic Communities

Background: The development of the nursing profession depends significantly on how communities perceive it. This study aims to identify the views and attitudes of Arabic communities, specifically those in Sudan, Yemen, and Egypt, toward the nursing profession. Methods: A descriptive comparative study was used to identify the perception of Arabic communities (Sudan, Yemen, and Egypt) toward the nursing profession. The study was conducted in three Arabic countries (Sudan, Yemen, and Egypt) using an online approach by sending the link of questions to the targeted population using emails, WhatsApp, and social media. There were 529 participants from the three Arabic countries. The study was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A majority (75.6%) of the participants were aged <40 years, with most (82.9%) being between 21 and 30 years of age. There was a generally positive perception toward the nursing profession among these communities: 97.6% of Sudanese, 94.9% of Yemenis, and 96.1% Egyptian. There was a borderline statistical significance between the Sudanese and Egyptians' age and their perception toward their profession. Gender is the only factor influencing the perception in Sudan and Egypt, and while women have a higher positive perception in Egypt, men have a higher positive perception in Sudan. Conclusion: Overall, the perception of Sudanese, Yemeni, and Egyptian communities toward the nursing profession is acceptable. The only influencing factor on the level of perception was Egyptian females who have high positive perception toward the nursing profession and Sudanese males who have high positive perception toward nursing profession We recommend further research to assess the perception toward nursing from different sociocultural backgrounds and on a larger sample size.

Curriculum Assessment on Navigation 1 among Students, Instructors and Administrators

The Curriculum Assessment on Navigation 1 at the Merchant Marine Academy of Caraga Inc. is crucial for ensuring the competence and safety of future mariners. This quantitative research involves maritime students in their 2nd and 3rd years, instructors, and administrators as respondents. The study aims to evaluate the Navigation 1 curriculum, focusing on students' study habits, academic performance, teachers' profiles, instructional delivery modalities, and perceptions of the curriculum by students, administrators, and instructors. Data collection includes questionnaires and statistical analyses like frequency distribution, weighted mean, and chi-square tests. Initial findings indicate a high level of agreement and positive perceptions across various aspects of the curriculum, with an overall weighted mean of 3.72. The study suggests that the Navigation 1 curriculum effectively meets its objectives. Future research should assess the long-term effectiveness of the curriculum by tracking graduates' performance, gathering industry feedback, and integrating new technologies to enhance student preparation for real-world navigation challenges.

The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Resident Education and Burnout.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the residency experience for physicians across all specialties. There have been studies examining resident perspectives on changes in curriculum and clinical experiences due to the pandemic; however, little research has been conducted on how residents in different specialties interpreted their educational experience and rates of burnout during the pandemic. We extended surveys to 281 residents across 15 separate residency programs between November 17, 2020, and December 20, 2020. The questions pertained to burnout and the effects of the pandemic on their careers. Differences between general and specialty medicine resident responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test. The final analysis included 105 responses (40% response rate). We received 62 surveys (59%) from general medicine residents and 43 surveys (41%) from specialty medicine residents, with a higher response rate from junior level trainees in both groups. We found no significant differences between general and specialty residents on the level of burnout, impact on clinical experience, or future career due to COVID-19, though there was a significant difference between resident groups on the perceived impact of COVID-19 on learning. Specialty medicine residents reported a negative perception of the pandemic's impact on their learning during residency suggesting a greater impact on training than was perceived by the general medicine residents. Residents from general and specialty medicine programs reported similar levels of burnout and similar perceptions of the pandemic's impact on their clinical experience and future career prospects. Understanding the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident education and well-being should serve graduate medical education administrators well and prepare them for future interruptions in the traditional learning process.

Climate Change: Relationship between Knowledge and Perception in Students of an Agricultural-Based University in Ecuador

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has confirmed that climate change is an unequivocal fact, presenting significant challenges due to its adverse impacts. Understanding climate change is crucial for agricultural students, as climate variability and extreme weather events directly affect agriculture. This study examined agronomy students’ perceptions and knowledge of climate change at a technical university in Cotopaxi, Ecuador. An online structured questionnaire was used to gather data on students’ perceptions and knowledge. The questionnaire had two sections, i.e., perception and knowledge. The perception section employed a Likert scale covering the following six components: skepticism, perceived benefit, economy, environmentalism, perceived risk, and negative effects. The knowledge section included true/false questions across four dimensions, i.e., causes, effects, concepts, and human relationships. The results indicated that most students had a medium level of perception (55.85%) and knowledge (54.25%) regarding climate change. A low but significant correlation was found between perception and knowledge (rs = 0.12, p = 0.02). Based on these findings, the researchers recommend incorporating specific climate change courses to better prepare students for sustainable agricultural development in a changing climate.

Tsunami at school. An experimental strategy to increase students’ risk perception

We tested a methodology for assessing high school students’ tsunami risk perception and knowledge to improve their tsunami awareness. Our objective was to test whether the use of a structured questionnaire on tsunami risk perception could be used as a tool to assess students’ improvement after a lesson on tsunamis. For this purpose, we involved about 100 students from four classes of a high school (Polo Liceale Statale “Lazzaro Spallanzani”) in the town of Tivoli, in central Italy, about 20 km from Rome and 40 km from the seaside. We administered the questionnaire in three subsequent surveys (to 94, 96, and 109 students, respectively), the first of which without providing any information on which subject they would be dealing with. Students were asked to answer the 31 questions individually, each using her/his mobile phone during science class. After two months, all four classes were trained with a frontal lesson and a discussion on tsunami risk. Afterwards, we administered the questionnaire again and ran the second survey. Finally, we met the students one year later and administered the questionnaire again, then we compared the three survey results. The comparison shows that the students’ risk knowledge and perception, which was generally very low in the first survey, improved significantly after the lesson and the relative discussion. Although this result was somewhat expected, it has been possible to confirm and quantify the improvement. According to studies conducted using similar methods [Gray and Di Loreto, 2016; Ayllón et al., 2019], the active participation of students, the collaborative approach provided by teachers and researchers, and the use of a survey tool such as a questionnaire – which, despite being completed individually, fosters an environment of emotional sharing – all contribute to stimulating students’ curiosity and facilitating their learning in traditional educational settings. We then administered the questionnaire to the same classes one year later. The outputs of the third survey show a partial decrease in students’ awareness that nevertheless remains significantly better than in the first survey. This suggests that the students’ involvement in the learning process through the questionnaire and through an active discussion after watching videos and pictures works well, but also that a periodic reminder by the science teachers is needed to maintain a constant level of risk awareness and perception. We propose to replicate this approach by involving teachers in the survey, providing them with a recorded lesson with all the basic elements, to be shown between the first and second administration of the questionnaire, and with periodic (yearly) reminders.

Primary Science Teachers’ Current Practices on the Use of the ICT Tools in Their Teaching-Learning in Tsirang District, Bhutan

This quantitative study investigated the primary science teachers’ current practices of ICT tools in teaching primary science in their schools of Tsirang district. The study also aimed to investigate the variations in knowledge, perceptions, challenges faced, and practices of ICT tools based on demographic factors. Data was collected through a survey conducted in 14 primary schools, with a sample size of 92 teachers determined using the Krejcie and Morgan Table. The questionnaire, consisting of 29 items, had a reliable Cronbach's coefficient alpha of 0.85. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS v.22, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed a high level of knowledge and perception about ICT tools among teachers, with mean scores of 3.87(SD=.65) and 4.50(SD=.38). Similarly, the use of ICT tools by teachers and challenges encountered were also observed at the high level with mean score of 3.55(SD=.97) and, 3.89(SD=.72). However, there was no significant gender-based differences in knowledge, but found notable distinctions in perceptions. Moreover, the study identified that knowledge, perceptions, and challenges were strong predictors (Model Fit: R2=.560, f (3,88) =6.261, p<.05) of teachers' use of ICT tools in teaching primary science. Future researchers may employ robust designs, like mix-mode research, to delve into teachers' ICT use comprehensively, exploring causation and additional variables.

Perception of Brand Image Regarding to Brand Shopping Bags of Designers Brand Products

This study aimed to study the perception of brand image by consumers through shopping bags of world-class fashion brands such as Chanel, Gucci, Christian Dior, Celine, Furla. The data was collected using questionnaires from respondents who Aged between 25-45 years in Bangkok A total of 400 respondents were divided equally into males and females. The sample was selected using convenience random sampling from respondents who came to purchase products in department stores in Bangkok. The results of the study found that Respondents had a high level of awareness of brand value in terms of utility. As for the emotional and expressive aspects of brand value, It was found that respondents had a moderate level of perception of brand value. As for the results of the study of perceptions of the brand identity image displayed on shopping bags, it was found that the brand identity image has three components: functional benefits, symbolic benefits. and the benefits of the experience of using the product Its distinctiveness is at a moderate level.

AWARENESS ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG THE FARMER FRIENDS

Climate change is a burning issue in the global discussions on agriculture as it affects all other sectors of development. Agriculture system responds to changing climate through the process of adaptation. Awareness of farmers about the climate changes, its causes and consequences are the important aspect to deal with changing climatic conditions. Despite availability of adaptation measures like HYVs, mixed cropping, integrated farming, change in irrigation, crop insurance etc., farmers were not adapting them due to lack of knowledge and awareness about climate change. Among the different extension functionaries farmer friends are the key communicator for dissemination of agriculture technologies therefore awareness of them about the climate changes is very important. 300 farmer friends from Dahod District of Gujarat were selected randomly. Majority of the respondents were aware of the major indicators of climate change i.e. irregular rainfall and increase in temperature. In case of awareness about the causes of climate change it was deforestation, use of vehicles, while awareness about the major impact were found as human disease outbreak and livestock disease outbreak. Overall awareness about climate change high to very high. Majority of respondents had a very high level of risk perception in agriculture due to climate change.

Awareness, Attitude, and Perception of Postgraduate Students towards Plagiarism

Objective. To examine the level of awareness, attitude, and perception towards Plagiarism amongst postgraduate students of Chaudhary Ranbir Singh University, Jind- Haryana. Method. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to 150 postgraduate university students. The sample of students was mixed irrespective of disciplines including science, humanities, and social sciences. Results. The present study results show a lack of awareness among postgraduate students about plagiarism and its consequences in India. As of now, it is a cognizable offence and the study results reveal the general attitude prevailing among the Indian postgraduate students about plagiarism. Conclusions. In the present study, we have addressed many important issues. The University Grants Commission, the apex authority of higher education in India, and the individual universities have to come together to develop a mechanism to create awareness among postgraduate students about plagiarism, its consequences, and remedies. This awareness drive has to be periodic in nature and success can be achieved by delivering awareness among the postgraduate students in particular and students of higher education in general.

PERCEPTION OF ANIMAL OWNERS TOWARDS VETERINARY CLINICAL COMPLEX

The Veterinary Clinical Complex is a leading centre for animal treatment and serves as a reference Veterinary Clinic, with the main goal of training students to attain academic excellence and become successful veterinarians. Many clinical cases of small and large animals are presented to the veterinary clinical complex, which gives undergraduate students plenty of instructional material. The placement of multiple clinical departments and Veterinary Clinic units in one site has allowed for a well-integrated and coordinated approach to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in small and large animals. The research was conducted at the veterinary clinical complex (VCC), CVS & AH, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh. An interview schedule was used in accordance with the objectives of the research in order to gauge how animal owners respect the VCC. In order to conduct a statistical analysis based on mean, frequency and percentage, 200 animal owners who visited VCC every day from 2021 to 2022 were randomly selected. The result indicated that majority of the animal owners had a medium level of perception towards Veterinary Clinical Complex services. Variables like education, experience as an animal owners, herd size, social participation and extension contact were positive and significant association with perception of animal owners about veterinary clinical complex and the variables like type of family, size of land holding, annual income and occupation had non-significant relationship with perception of animal owners about VCC services. Major constraints experienced by animal owners are vaccination and free of cost medicine is not provided by the VCC centre. Major suggestions given by the respondents to overcome the constraints were; medicine should be provided free of cost in veterinary clinical complex.

PERCEPTION OF FARMERS TOWARDS ORGANIC FARMING

The study was carried out in Gujarat state. Total 160 farmers practicing organic farming and registered under Gujarat Organic Products Certification Agency were selected randomly for the study. Ex-post facto research design was used. A standardized scale was developed and used for the measurement of perception towards organic farming. The study revealed that majority (89.37 per cent) of the farmers had high to very high level of perception towards organic farming. As for almost all the components like: perception about sustainable agriculture, perception about human health, perception about soil conservation, perception about marketing, perception about organic products certification process, perception about relative advantage, perception about environmental betterment, and perception about self-reliance in input, majority of farmers were found in high category and that is reflected in their overall perception towards organic farming. One-way analysis of variance was used to study the difference in mean percent score of indicators that determines perception towards organic farming. Comparing the different components individually with critical difference, perception about soil conservation, perception about human health and perception about sustainable agriculture were at par and were significantly superior to all other components. The last component in the ladder was perception about organic products certification process which was significantly inferior to all other components.