Perceptions Of Officers Research Articles

Strategi peningkatan kinerja Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan dalam pencegahan kerusakan lingkungan hidup di Kabupaten Padang Lawas

A performance enhancement strategy is a way that is done to better provide the potential in itself to achieve a goal. A performance enhancement strategy is an important thing to do as it can improve morals, loyalty, responsibility, discipline and, creativity and, well-being. The purpose of the author is to find out the perception of environment and forestry officers (DLHK) in the prevention of environmental damage and, to know DLHK's performance improvement strategy in the prevention of environmental damage in Padang Lawas district. Data used in this research is primary and secondary data, obtained through the data collection techniques triangulation are: observationand, interviewand questionnaire/poll. The Data obtained is analyzed using two analytical techniques namely qualitative descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. After the analyst, it can be concluded that the perception of staff of Padang Lawas District in the prevention of environmental damage is carried out quite well. While the performance improvement strategies need to improve work and authority, improve the monitoring aspect, optimize budgets, make sanctions on employees who are less disciplined and, overcome cultural participation that is lacking in support and, promote a culture of caring environment to the entrepreneurs and society.

Predicting police officer reported compliance and willingness to cooperate with internal affairs units: application of the relational model of authority

ABSTRACT Internal accountability mechanisms, such as internal affair units, are an important aspect of misconduct and corruption prevention. Key to internal mechanisms is the fostering of compliant behaviour. Drawing on the Relational Model of Authority, this research investigated whether police officer perceptions of procedural justice and legitimacy, relevant to an internal affairs unit, influenced reported compliance and willingness to cooperate with the unit. An online survey was completed by 1195 police officers. Structural equation modelling revealed an indirect effect of perceived procedural justice on reported willingness to cooperate with the internal affairs unit via the subscales of legitimacy; perceived obligation to obey and perceived trust. The findings of this research provide important insight into theoretical understandings of compliance with authority in a policing context and will be of value to agencies seeking to improve compliance and cooperation with internal affair units.

The thin blue line between cop and soldier: examining public perceptions of the militarized appearance of police

ABSTRACT Research suggests that certain characteristics of police uniforms and equipment influence how the public perceives police officers. The current study expanded on this research by examining how various features related to police militarism (e.g., weaponry) are perceived by the public. Approximately 2000 community members from across Canada were shown a series of photographs of officers that were manipulated to alter their attire and armament. Participants rated each officer on: (1) personal qualities, (2) skills they likely possess or behaviours they are likely to exhibit, and (3) behavioural intentions on the participant’s part towards the officers. Findings suggest that the public harbours significant negative perceptions of certain officers donning militarized attire with regards to approachability, trust, and morality, among other qualities. However, these officers are also perceived to be stronger, confident, and more prepared for threatening behaviour/dangerous situations. Given current trends toward equipping officers with tools to deal with emerging threats, public judgments based on officer appearance have important implications for community relations and officer safety.

Persepsi tokoh masyarakat dan peternak terhadap kinerja penyuluh dalam meningkatkan usaha peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Sangkub Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara

PERCEPTION OF COMMUNITY LEADERS AND FARMERS TOWARDS THE PERFORMANCE OF EXTENSION WORKERS IN IMPROVING BEEF CATTLE FARMING BUSINESS IN SANGKUB DISTRICT NORTH BOLAANG MONGONSOW This research was a descriptive research that is aim to know the perception of community leaders and breeders on the performance of extension workers. The selection of sample respondents was determined deliberately (Purposive) namely village officials, community leaders and farmers in the villages of Sangkub 1, Tombolango, Busisingo, Pangkusa and Sidodadi, as many as 30 respondents. Variable measurement is done by following the guidelines "Likert Scale" with member score on each respondent's answer. The results showed that the perception of community leaders on the performance of extension workers in improving the business of beef cattle farming in Sangkub District, North Bolmong Regency, in the extension aspect as a communicator 100% of respondents rated it useful, the material aspect of counseling 93% of respondents rated it useful and 7% of respondents were hesitant, aspects of counseling methods 63% of respondents rated it useful and 37% of respondents rated it as doubtful, aspects of counseling aids 100% respondents considered it un useful , aspects of the counseling target 93% of respondents rated it useful and 3% of respondents were hesitant, the time and place aspects of counseling 100% of respondents rated it useful, as well as aspects of increasing the beef cattle farming business 100% of respondents rated the benefits. Based on the results of analysis of the relationship of perception of community leaders and breeders to the performance of extension workers in improving the business of beef cattle farming with the model "rank spearman" showed that there was a significant correlation between the perception of community leaders and village officials to the performance of extension workers in improving the business of beef cattle.

The Threat of Appearing Racist: Stereotype Threat and Support for Coercion Among Australian Police Officers

Recent research in the United States has argued that the threat of confirming the “racist cop” stereotype may paradoxically increase the propensity for coercive policing by depressing officers’ self-legitimacy. The current study aimed to assess the influence of the threat of the “racist cop” stereotype on officers’ self-legitimacy and their attitudes toward force in an Australian policing jurisdiction. An online survey was completed by 306 frontline officers in Queensland, Australia. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the influence of stereotype threat on officers’ attitudes toward force, and the extent to which this is mediated by perceptions of self-legitimacy. The findings confirmed previous findings, with increased officer perceptions of stereotype threat associated with increased support for coercive policing, mediated by reduced self-legitimacy. The findings are discussed with reference to how the validity and salience of the “racist cop” stereotype can be diminished.

Prison official perceptions of technology in prison

Several state prisons have provided tablets to imprisoned people which appears to be indicative of a larger trend to increase access to technology for imprisoned people. However, access to and the use of technology in prison has not been evaluated by social scientists. This study surveyed 70 prison officials from six states to report their attitudes toward access to and the use of tablets in prison for imprisoned people and for the prisons themselves. Survey results show that prison officials who work in prisons with more access to technology are more likely to believe technology to be a positive contribution for imprisoned people.

Moving the needle: can training alter officer perceptions and use of de-escalation?

PurposeDe-escalation training for police has received widespread attention as a method for reducing unnecessary and excessive use of force. There is virtually no research on de-escalation, and as a result, there is little understanding about what it is, what it includes and whether it is effective. The current study compares attitudes about the importance and use of de-escalation among officers who were randomly assigned to participate (or not) in de-escalation training.Design/methodology/approachThe current study draws from a larger randomized controlled trial of de-escalation training in the Tempe, Arizona Police Department (TPD). Approximately 100 officers completed a survey in June–July 2019 and again in June–July 2020. TPD delivered the de-escalation training to half the patrol force in February–March 2020. The authors compare treatment and control officers' attitudes about the importance of specific de-escalation tactics, how often they use those tactics and their sentiments de-escalation training. The authors employ an econometric random-effects model to examine between-group differences post-training while controlling for relevant officer attributes including age, race, sex, prior training and squad-level pretraining attitudes about de-escalation.FindingsTreatment and control officers reported positive perceptions of de-escalation tactics, frequent use of those tactics and favorable attitudes toward de-escalation before and after the training. After receiving the training, treatment officers placed greater importance on compromise, and reported more frequent use of several important tactics including compromise, knowing when to walk away and maintaining officer safety.Originality/valueOnly a few prior studies have has examined whether de-escalation training changes officer attitudes. The results from the current study represent an initial piece of evidence suggesting de-escalation training may lead to greater use of those tactics by officers during encounters with citizens.

Specialty Probation Officers as Street-Level Bureaucrats: Exploring How Discretion Is Perceived and Employed on a Mental Health Caseload.

This study explores the perceptions of specialty mental health caseload probation officers and their use of discretion in day-to-day supervision of individuals with mental illness in one large jurisdiction in the United States. Scholars have examined overall effectiveness of specialty probation programs, probation officers' roles as street-level bureaucrats, and the impact of the mental health caseload probation officer and probationer relationship on successful completion. Less attention, however, has been placed on examining how the officers supervising these specialty caseloads perceive their roles as mental health probation officers and how they use discretion in their caseload management. The current study examines the narratives of 24 specialty mental health caseload probation officers and supervisors to understand how discretion is used on a problem-solving caseload and how discretionary decision-making may impact probationer outcomes.

Sikap Peserta Diklat PIM Tingkat IV terhadap Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning

ATTITUDES OF LEVEL IV PIM TRAINING PARTICIPANTS TOWARDS BLENDED LEARNING LEARNING MODEL. The development of Information Technology is one of the driving forces behind e-government adoption. Nevertheless, the learning process of Government officials capability creation is already conceivably undertaken electronically. This study aims to discover perceptions of government officials towards mixed learning in year 2018 group of 40 DIKLAT PIM IV training participants. This research takes a quantitative approach using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance as analysis tool. The T-test tested the first testing hypotheses. A one-way ANOVA was conducted to test second hypotheses. The outcome indicates a constructive attitude towards blended learning among DIKLAT PIM IV 2018 training participants. Gender-based attitudes about blended learning are substantially different.

The perception of inter-municipal cooperation by local officials and managers

Abstract Though the exploration of inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) is very widespread in contemporary literature worldwide, the perception of IMC by municipal officials is rarely examined. We focused this paper on revealing the relationship between the perceptions of municipal public officials and the realized benefits of municipal cooperation. Our research combines primary data from a survey of municipalities engaged in a form of IMC and in-depth interviews of both municipal officials and managers who coordinate IMC. Our survey results show that agreement with the statement that IMC helps solve administrative capacity problems tends to vary with the size of the municipality. This study detected considerable obstacles to IMC use, with one set of respondents indicating that they had tried cooperation and found that it did not yield significant, positive financial or non-financial benefits for them. Our in-depth interviews revealed that strong political leadership and experienced managerial staff can contribute to the development of municipal cooperation. In summary, our research provides evidence supporting the notion that the perception of IMC by municipal officials could be an important precursor to actual IMC use and future development.

Quality Assessment of the Services Delivered by a Court, Based on the Perceptions of Users, Magistrates, and Court Officials

This paper aims to measure the quality of the services delivered by a court by assessing the satisfaction of court users and service providers, i.e., magistrates and court officials. For that purpose, a case study was carried out and data were collected by means of a questionnaire based on the SERVPERF instrument, in which perceived service quality is measured, considering court users, magistrates, and court officials’ perceptions of post-service performance. One hundred and fifty-eight questionnaires were successfully returned. An in-depth interview was later conducted to the court administrator to gain a richer understanding of the results achieved and ask follow-up questions. Overall, findings revealed that court users, magistrates, and court officials clearly have a positive view of the services provided, although improvement is needed, particularly in the court’s facilities and technological equipment. The current research sheds some light on the potentialities and difficulties of assessing service quality in the judiciary and contributes to the validation of the SERVPERF instrument in this context.

Correctional officer and inmate perceptions of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA): A thematic analysis

ABSTRACT The Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) was created to address sexual violence occurring in corrections. To date, there has been a dearth of PREA studies that include the perceptions of correctional officers and inmates. The current study utilizes a thematic analysis to assess qualitative responses from 66 correctional officers and 407 inmates in three medium-security men’s state prisons. Key themes that focus on the strengths associated with the implementation of PREA include overall climate improvement, increased awareness, and victim support/protection. Key themes that focused on the weaknesses associated with the implementation of PREA included staffing crisis, reporting issues, PREA not taken seriously, and PREA not essential. The implications of these themes are discussed with reference to policy implications.

The perceptions of loan officers and auditors of factors affecting auditor independence: Evidence from Palestine

The study investigates the perceptions of external auditors and loan officers regarding external auditor's independence in Palestine. Data were gathered using a questionnaire developed by the author and include 5 main issues related to the perception of external auditor’s independence. The sampling population identified for this study consists of external auditors working in domestic and international audit firms and financial statement users mainly loan officers in Palestine. The sample included 79 auditors and 76 loan officers. The findings revealed that there are significant differences in the perceptions of external auditors and loan officers in relation to provision of non-audit services, auditor’s economic dependence on a single audit client, and long relationship between an auditor and a client. The results revealed mixed results about the effect of presence of active audit committee on independence of the external auditors. Furthermore, acceptance of significant gifts from the client was considered an important factor that may influence auditor independence by loan officers and external auditor and thus significant differences between the two respondent groups were found in relation to acceptance of significant gifts from the client. These findings can be useful to policy makers and professional auditing bodies in Palestine on setting new regulations or strengthening existing ones to enforce auditor’s independence in Palestine.

Perception of Head Teachers and District Education Officers (DEOs) on School Infrastructure Policy Governance in Somaliland

The study examined the effectiveness and shortfalls of the school infrastructure policy governance system in Somaliland. The study was a cross-sectional survey, using mixed methods of inquiry. The target population was 920 headteachers and 82 DEOs. The sample was 257 headteachers and 22 DEOs. Multistage sampling was used. Purposive sampling was used to sample regions. Stratified random sampling was used to sample headteachers and simple random sampling to sample DEOs from the sampled regions. Pilot testing of the questionnaire was done on 28 headteachers. Reliability was ensured by Cronbach alpha while peer review and pilot testing ensured validity. Data were collected from headteachers using self-administered questionnaires while DEOs were interviewed. Twenty DEOs and 247 headteachers responded to the study. Interview data were analysed using thematic analysis while questionnaire data were analysed by descriptive statistics, frequency and percentage distributions. The school infrastructure policy implementation was ineffective, and the policy administrative structure was ineffective but the policy was stable. There is a need for the ministry to review its policy administration structures to make them effective. The school inspection criteria should be made available in all schools.

Public administration as a learning organization – a survey of PIORiN service users

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a survey of PIORiN service recipients in the context of a learning organization. Respondents identified categories related to staff subject matter expertise as strengths of the inspection. As possible areas of research they indicated a possible too slow pace of work. Further research is indicated to examine the impact of stereotypes affecting customer perceptions of officials. The study is the first comprehensive survey of PIORiN based on a nationwide sample.

Narcan cops: Officer perceptions of opioid use and willingness to carry naloxone

BackgroundOpioid use has emerged as a significant public health crisis in cities across the United States. In Arizona, opioid overdose deaths increased by 65% from 2016 to 2018, leading the Governor of Arizona to declare a State of Emergency. Because police are often the first to arrive at the scene of an overdose, officers are central to an effective response to the opioid crisis in Arizona and elsewhere. However, many police officers do not carry naloxone, which can immediately reverse the life-threatening effects of an opioid overdose. Few studies examine officer perceptions of opioid use or their willingness to carry and administer naloxone. The degree to which officers accept this public health responsibility remains unclear. MethodsThe authors administered two waves of a survey to patrol officers in the Tempe (AZ) Police Department. The officers completed wave 1 approximately three months before the start of a program that trained and outfitted patrol officers with naloxone. Officers completed wave 2 of the survey several months after the program started. Relying on the Opioid Overdose Knowledge (OOKS), Competence, Concerns, and Attitudes (OOAS) of People who Overdose, and Naloxone-Related Risk Compensation Beliefs (NaRRC-B) scales, the survey captures officer attitudes regarding opioid use, willingness to carry and administer naloxone, and perceptions of their role in responding to the opioid crisis. ResultsAt wave 1, officers conveyed moderate levels of confidence in recognizing an overdose and providing life-saving care. Officers indicated strong support for carrying naloxone and responding to opioid overdoses, and they recognized the value of treatment for users. At wave 2, officers reported significantly greater confidence and competence in responding to overdoses, and their support for carrying naloxone also increased. Both before and after program start, there was little variation in attitudes across gender, race/ethnicity, education, and length of service. ConclusionOfficers accept this public health responsibility as part of their mission. Given that officers are frequently first on scene at overdoses and a matter of seconds can determine life or death, police-led naloxone programs will save lives in Tempe and elsewhere.

Police Perceptions of Children at Drug-Related Crime Scenes

Drug use is on the rise in the United States, and many individuals who use drugs are also parents of children under 18. Although research has been conducted to explore police officer perceptions of drug use, no research to date has examined officers’ perceptions when children are present at drug-related calls. This is an important area to investigate because police perceptions have the ability to influence the way they behave. In the current study, 12 officers employed in Indiana completed a demographic questionnaire and a semistructured interview, which was analyzed using the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. Results revealed that police perceptions of children present at drug-related crime scenes could be impacted by the age of the children and whether they believe the children had received negative messages about police. Additionally, findings revealed that officers tend to feel anger toward caregivers, believe that the children are being told that police are bad, indicated that their jobs are impacted by needing to find placement for the children, and want to have positive interactions with the children. On a personal level, officers reported coping with stress by not showing emotions, not bringing work home, and participating in hobbies. Officers also reported seeing addiction as a cycle. Limitations include lack of diversity of gender, race, and location of police officers; further, all but one officer interviewed had children. Findings highlight a need for further research to help shape policy surrounding training of and expectations for officers when children are present at drug-related crime scenes.

A Study on Mistaken Dispatch Reduction Measures due to Unwanted Fire Alarms

In the event of a fire, it is important to arrive within 5 min and fully utilize the “golden time”. However, it is necessary to find a fundamental reduction plan for this purpose, as mistaken dispatch due to unwanted fire alarms do occur. Therefore, we conducted a survey on statistics and fact-finding related to unwanted fire alarms, as well as a survey on the perception of fire officials regarding unwanted fire alarms. As a result, problems include mixed use of people who can be dispatched due to unwanted fire alarms from the fire detection systems and cases of misreporting via phone, issues of role sharing among stakeholders of the fire target, and maintenance and management issues such as aging of equipment, And the statistical system was not established. To reduce this, organization of legal terminology, cooperation among stakeholders, designation of durability standards, and development of the dispatch report about unwanted fire alarms.

‘There’s A Certain Group of Cops that have their Own Vendetta’: Resident Perceptions of Notorious Police Officers and ‘Cop Clockin’ in the Inner-City

Abstract Many inner-city neighbourhoods across North America are disproportionately subject to heightened and aggressive policing strategies. Consequently, many inner-city residents have developed strategies to limit their encounters with police. Research examining police–community relationships has traditionally examined how residents perceive and respond to ‘the police’. However, this homogenizes and over-simplifies nuanced processes. Based upon 48 interviews with Toronto inner-city residents, we demonstrate how narratives about allegedly ‘notorious’ officers reveal that residents differentiate between individual officers and modify their behaviours accordingly. This process of officer differentiation—‘cop clockin’—results in strategic responses to specific officers as residents attempt to hinder the potential harms of interactions with ‘notorious cops’. Furthermore, officer complacency raises questions about police legitimacy and strengthening police–community relationships.

Perceptions of identity management in police-civilian interactions: considering the role of gender and race

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess if in viewing tense, potentially stigmatizing, police-civilian interactions, people bring their own gendered and racial biases, as they form perceptions of officers' use of identity management (IM) strategies, as they relate to officers' competence, warmth and appropriateness of actions.Design/methodology/approachIn two experimental studies, the authors investigate how the IM strategies used by female and racial minority officers impact officers' ratings of competence, warmth and appropriateness of actions. Utilizing a 2x2x4 design, the authors manipulate officer gender (race), civilian gender (race) and IM strategy used by the officer in a news article describing a police-civilian interaction.FindingsNot all IM strategies established positive perceptions of officers. Gender and race effects were observed in how officers were seen when they were involved in a tense interaction with a civilian. Female officers were perceived as more appropriate in their actions than male officers. However, Black, female officers were rated as both less warm and appropriate in their actions than White, female officers.Originality/valueAlthough policing is seen as a tainted profession, officers' use of IM strategies is understudied. By taking a novel lens of stigmatization and IM strategies as they relate to policing, the authors contribute to how officers may manage their identities as they cope with the stigmatized views of their occupation. Findings have implications for the diversification of law enforcement personnel, as well as building trust and legitimacy between officers and the communities they serve.