Perceptions Of Governance Research Articles

The impact of public governance perception on the quality of financial reporting

The article examines the relationship between public governance perception (PG) and the overall quality of the financial reporting index (OQFRI). The study combines the World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGIs), which are used as a measure for country-level governance. In addition, the study of Tang et al. for the overall financial reporting index (OQFRI) is used to measure the quality of financial reporting. Our balanced panel data set has 418 observations, constructed with 38 countries and the period from 2004 to 2014 is tested using a linear mixed model (LMM) to consider both random and fixed effects. The results indicate a positive relationship between regulatory quality, political stability, the rule of law, government effectiveness and quality of financial reporting. But, findings reveal that voice and accountability and control of corruption have no significant impact on the quality of financial reporting. Our results suggest that institutional quality and public governance perception should be considered by auditors while evaluating the quality of financial reports and their risk. Also, it is important to consider the role of public governance in addition to the role of corporate Governance in improving the quality of financial reporting.

Do Intellectual Capital and Corporate Governance have Value Relevance to the Market Performance? Evidence from Indonesia

We examine whether intellectual capital and corporate governance have value relevance to market performance. Intellectual capital is measured by VAIC™ (Pulic, 1998). We use annual report data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) data from the Indonesian Institute for Corporate Governance (IICG) in the period of 2015–2019. Preliminary findings suggest that intellectual capital does not have value relevance to market performance, but corporate governance does have value relevance to market performance. This paper contributes to stakeholders in making economic decisions.

Pengaruh Corporate Governance Index terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan

This study aims to determine the effect of the corporate governance index on the company’s financial performance. The population in this study were all companies registered in the corporate governance perception index (CGPI) rating program conducted by the independent agency the indonesian institute for corporate governance (IICG) in 2017-2021, totalling 63 companies using a purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique used is documentation. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis. The data was processed using the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) program version 26. The result showed that the corporate governance index had a positive and significant effect on the company’s financial performance. 
 Keywords: Corporate Governance Index, Financial Performance

Physicians' Trust in Relevant Institutions during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Binary Logistic Model.

Little research has been done on professionals' perceptions of institutions and governments during epidemics. We aim to create a profile of physicians who feel they can raise public health issues with relevant institutions during a pandemic. A total of 1285 Romanian physicians completed an online survey as part of a larger study. We used binary logistic regression to profile physicians who felt they were able to raise public health issues with relevant institutions. Five predictors could differentiate between respondents who tended to agree with the trust statement and those who tended to disagree: feeling safe at work during the pandemic, considering the financial incentive worth the risk, receiving training on the use of protective equipment, having the same values as colleagues, and enjoying work as much as before the pandemic. Physicians who trusted the system to raise public health issues with the appropriate institutions were more likely to feel that they shared the same values as their colleagues, to say they were trained to use protective equipment during the pandemic, to feel that they were safe at work during the pandemic, to enjoy their work as much as before the pandemic, and to feel that the financial bonus justified the risk.

Denial and discretion as a governance process: How actor perceptions of risk and responsibility hinder adaptation to climate change

Many communities are unprepared for climate change, yet action stagnate. Adaptation requires governance actors to perceive climate change as a risk and action within their responsibility. However, little is understood on how subjective actor perceptions influence adaptation governance. Individual actors, within the political, public and professional spheres, often shape decision making to echo their informal social institutions. This study theorizes on why climate change adaptation is frequently overlooked, investigating how misguided perceptions of risk and responsibility impact governance and the role denial and discretion plays in this process. To glean insight into how subjective perceptions result in adaptation barriers, the experiences of senior management (n = 14) across four regional districts in Canada is explored. On-site observation and strategic document review provided a general understanding of how regional planning and policies integrate adaptation, while thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews reveals the importance of considering actor perceptions of risk and responsibility in adaptation planning. Here, findings suggest that denial and discretion function as a governance process, hindering decision making on adaptation as political leadership avoids responsibility and the public copes with powerlessness. While navigating climate discourse, actors employ denial and discretion to mitigate ideological conflicts stemming from polarized perceptions of human agency to affect the natural world. To facilitate preparedness for climate change, this research provides insight into the human barriers preventing planning for adaptation.

Exploring perspectives of research ethics committee members on the governance of big data in sub-Saharan Africa.

Interest in the governance of big data is growing exponentially. However, finding the right balance between making large volumes of data accessible, and safeguarding privacy, preventing data misuse, determining authorship and protecting intellectual property remain challenging. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), research ethics committees (RECs) play an important role in reviewing data-intense research protocols. However, this regulatory role must be embedded in a context of robust governance. There is currently a paucity of published literature on how big data are regulated in SSA and if the capacity to review protocols is sufficient. The aim of this study was to provide a broad overview of REC members' awareness and perceptions of big data governance in SSA. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to July 2022. We invited 300 REC members to participate in our online survey via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). A total of 140 REC members, representing 34 SSA countries, completed the online survey. Awareness of data governance laws, policies and guidelines was variable across the subcontinent. A quarter of respondents (25%) indicated that national regulations on the trans-border flow of research data are inadequate. Institutional policies on research data protection were also regarded as being inadequate. Most respondents (64%) believed that they lacked experience in reviewing data-intense protocols. Data governance and regulation in SSA need to be strengthened at both national and institutional levels. There is a strong need for capacity development in the review of data-intense research protocols on the subcontinent.

Information Technology Governance in Colombian Small and Medium Companies: An Exploratory Study Using Data Analysis

Information Technology (IT) is a resource for achieving strategic business objectives. However, many Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME’s) do not consider IT a strategic area. This article explores the perception of IT governance in Colombia among IT professionals. It presents the design, data analysis, and results of a survey based on the Governance of Enterprise IT framework. The survey was conducted in 2019 and 2020, obtaining responses from 151 IT professionals that worked in 48 SME's and 90 from large companies. Data were analyzed with WEKA and KNIME, applying classification, segmentation, and association techniques. Results indicate that: (1) SME’s associate IT investment with the generation and improvement of products and services; (2) employees’ and users’ performance is higher when they work in companies with managers that have a high commitment to IT governance; and (3) 95% of companies with high implementation levels of IT governance consider IT very important in their strategies.

Indonesian rice farmers’ perceptions of different sources of information and their effect on farmer capability

Abstract The diverse sources of agricultural extension information do not guarantee increased farmers’ capabilities to adopt agricultural innovations. Consequently, efforts to accelerate the adoption of agricultural innovations should pay particular attention to farmers’ compatibility with different information sources. This study aims to analyze farmers’ perceptions of various information sources about rice commodity innovations and determine the information sources influencing farmers’ capabilities in adopting rice innovations. The study was conducted from June to December 2019 through a structured survey approach with 270 rice farmers in Subang, West Java and Boyolali, Central Java, Indonesia, by using structural equation model analysis. The results showed that rice farmers had positive perceptions of government, private, and self-subsistent extension. The capability level of rice farmers showed that all indicators were significantly different. Farmers could improve their capabilities and sustainability of rice farming by adopting agricultural innovations. Information from government and private extension providers had a positive effect on the capacity and capability of rice farmers. The role of self-subsistent extension was more of a facilitator and did not directly affect the capacity and capability of farmers. Participatory extension activities are recommended as a form of intervention that can improve rice farmers’ capacity and capability in terms of technology adoption processes. The extension activities should be provided as a series, rather than one-off events, so that farmer knowledge accumulates over time through a style and pace to match their skills and level of education.

Higher Education and Local Innovation Systems: Lessons From Public Attitudes in Shenzhen, China

This article examines public attitudes on the local innovation system of Shenzhen with a focus on the role of the local government and higher education (HE). Based on data collected from an online platform, Zhihu, this article examines netizens’ perceptions of local government, institutional environment, HE and labour force development. Text analysis reveals that netizens hold relatively positive attitudes towards the local government and the future development of Shenzhen due to its fair institutional environment. Local HEIs needs to be further developed to support Shenzhen’s economic transformation but the close linkage with Hong Kong universities help to mitigate the challenges in human capital supply. This paper presents a novel way of examining public perceptions on local innovation systems and the case of Shenzhen also provides policy lessons to other cities aiming at developing innovation centres.

Public perception and evaluation of local government in Poland

The political transformation initiated in 1989 brought far-reaching changes not only in the economic and social sphere, but also in the local dimension, which seems to be a symbolic sign of the creation of local government administration. Against this background, the social perception and assessment of the perception and functioning of local governments in Poland seem to be particularly interesting cognitively. It depends on whether Poles define local authority as an element of public authority – an efficient manager and administrator who is de facto a “local extension of central authority”, or whether it becomes an important point of reference for local activities using the synergy effect consisting in stimulating various actors and entities present in the social space for the good of the local community? The conducted analyses allow to unequivocally reject the veracity of the alternative defined in this way. Local government performs both functions, which synergistically increase its importance and impact. This is also a social expectation. Local communities want to see in local authorities both “good hosts” and “animators and creators” of social reality. This is also confirmed by the analyzed case studies. This may be explained, at least in part, by the high social expectation of decentralisation and the transfer of competences and resources to local authorities.

The Influence Of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Institutional Ownership, And Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), On The Value Of The Company

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how Institutional Ownership, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Good Corporate Go vernance (GCG) affect Company Value. The financial statements of ten manufacturing businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2020 serve as the study's primary source of data. Multiple regression has been employed as the analytical technique. The independent variables include institutional ownership, GCG as determined by the Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI), CSR as determined by the G4 Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) index, and institutional ownership as determined by the percentage of shares owned by the corporation. Tobin's Q's measurement of company value serves as the dependent variable. The findings demonstrate that institutional ownership has an impact and adds value while GCG has no impact.

The Role of Good governance in Transmitting the Influence of New Public Management and Leadership in Public Servants’ Performance

Grounded in the relationship-based view, the current study aims to examine the impact of new public management and leadership on the performance of civil servants via an underlying mechanism of good governance practices. Data has been collected from the leaders and officials of civil services in Jakarta, Indonesia, via purposive sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in SmartPLS 3.0. Findings revealed the significant influence of the new public management in strengthening the perceptions of good governance among the civil servants, resulting in their higher performances. Likewise, results also revealed the significant influence of public leadership in building positive perceptions of good governance, leading to the increased productivity of the civil servants. The current study is a valuable addition to the existing body of literature by uniquely exploring the impact of new public management and leadership together in enhancing perceptions of good governance among the civil servants utilizing the relationship-based view. Moreover, theoretical and practical implications, along with the future research directions, are discussed in detail.

Analysis of the perception of digital government and artificial intelligence in the public sector in Jalisco, Mexico

The advancement and continuous development of information and communication technologies highlights the importance of analysing and monitoring the development and capabilities of governments to use and exploit the potential of new technologies. Digital government and artificial intelligence in the public sector are two trends associated with technological development. This research conducts an analysis of these elements from the perspective of public officials by conducting a factor analysis. The study is based on a survey administered to civil servants in the state of Jalisco in Mexico. An analysis was made of their training and knowledge of these aspects and whether there are significant differences according to gender, age, level of studies, area of knowledge and place of work. The results obtained show divergences and coincidences between variables and factors. The findings are useful as a reference for the government of Jalisco to promote measures aimed at improving the situation of digital government and artificial intelligence in the short to medium term, in order to optimize administrative management. Points for practitioners Knowing the perspective of public officials on digital government and artificial intelligence is important to evaluate and design a digital strategy in governments. Public officials in charge of technology areas in governments need constant training on emerging technological tools, mainly those related to artificial intelligence. There is a lack of knowledge about the use and implications of artificial intelligence in the public sector by public servants. Data interoperability and coordination between government agencies are relevant to the development of digital government.

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): A Threat to India’s Border Security

India has been averse to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) since its initial launch in 2013 because one of the core components of the initiative, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), is perceived as violating the country’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. This article discusses the geostrategic execution of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which is viewed as a threat and constraint to India's security. The article further analyses the perception of the Indian government towards the forged alliance between China and Pakistan. Along these lines, this disquisition explains the knowledge of how infrastructural techno-political regimes shape the threat towards Indian security. It does so by building on an analysis of India's security strategy on China-Pakistan relations through the initiative of CPEC. The infrastructural techno-political regime of CPEC is discerned as a securitised threat by the Indian government. Infrastructure technology produced by CPEC promotes a securitised discourse of connectivity, flow, and territorial control as a cause of regional tension, national rivalries, unnecessary competitiveness, terrorism, and sovereignty issues. Simultaneously, other political entities might view the same regime as a border security threat.

China's changing expectations of the SCO between 2001 and 2019.

After the cold war, some countries gradually seek to regional cooperation when they could not handle various transnational challenges alone. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a good example. It brought Central Asian countries together. This paper applies the text-mining method, using co-word analysis, co-occurrence matrix, cluster analysis, and strategic diagram to analyze the selected articles from newspapers quantitatively and visually. In order to investigate the Chinese government's attitude toward the SCO, this study collected data from the China Core Newspaper Full-text Database, which contains high-impact government newspapers revealing the Chinese government's perception of the SCO. This study characterizes the changing role of SCO as perceived by the Chinese government from 2001 to 2019. Beijing's changing expectations in each of the three identified subperiods are described.

High School Principals’ Perceptions of Dual Enrollment Policy in Ohio and Texas

Dual enrollment policies and programs, where students earn both high school and college credits, have been scaled up across the United States in the last two decades. In this mixed methods study, we survey high school principals in Ohio and Texas, two states with robust dual enrollment policies. The study addressed one broad research question: What are principals’ perceptions of dual enrollment access, participation, and governance? Findings revealed three main themes: (1) economic/credential student motivations for dual enrollment; (2) mixed views about rigor; (3) issues surrounding the loss of principal autonomy.

Secondary school teachers’ perception of the Delta State Government COVID-19 lockdown educational broadcasts

This study looks into teachers' perceptions of the Delta State Government's Covid-19 educational broadcast. The cross-sectional research design was utilized in conjunction with the survey method. Using Likert scale questions, 150 teachers from Delta State's three senatorial districts were polled. The data was analyzed using simple percentages, and the mean scores were used to determine the suitability of the results. Based on the media perception theory, the study sought to determine secondary school teachers' perceptions of government educational broadcasts during the Covid-19 lockdown, and it discovered that instructors in Delta State are not sufficiently exposed to educational broadcasting. The study concludes that, despite finding the content and quality of the Covid 19 broadcasts to be appropriate for learning, secondary school teachers in Delta State do not use educational broadcasting as a teaching method. The study suggests that secondary school teachers be regularly exposed to educational broadcasting and receive ongoing training on how to use it as an alternative to classroom instruction.

The contribution of fishing to human well-being in Brazilian coastal communities

Artisanal fishing is the main economic and cultural livelihood on the Brazilian coast, strongly contributing to the well-being of fishing communities. However, access to these benefits depends on both local governance and the availability of resources. Here, we investigate Brazilian artisanal fishers’ perceptions of cultural, economic, governance, health and social contributions that artisanal fishing makes to their well-being. We also investigate the influence of geographic (e.g., level of protection) and socioeconomic characteristics (e.g., gender, income and amount of experience) on these perceptions. To do this we conducted 230 structured interviews with fishers from three different areas, two that fish inside protected areas and one that fishes in an urbanized, unprotected area. Our results demonstrate that fishers recognize a wide range of potential well-being benefits from artisanal fishing. Nevertheless, fishers from different areas had significantly different perceptions of cultural, economic, health, and social benefits from artisanal fishing. Perceptions of economic and social benefits seem to be influenced by income while cultural benefits were more influenced by income and gender. Perception of the health benefits of fishing was most influenced by the amount of fishing experience. In contrast to other studies, that primarily focus on the economic benefits of fishing, our research provides a multidimensional perspective of the benefits generated by the practice of artisanal fishing in Brazil. These data can support political decisions that strengthen the management and governance of artisanal fishing, contributing to increasing the well-being of fishing communities and the conservation of limited fisheries resources.

Cultivation of underutilized fruit trees by indigenous people in Urug Village, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Anggraeni A, Yuniati R, Silalahi M, Lestari R, Jumari. 2023. Cultivation of underutilized fruit trees by indigenous people in Urug Village, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 454-466. Underutilized Fruit Trees (UFTs) are a group of fruit trees with high potential but underutilized. Some fruit has been identified in Urug Village, but this village was hit by a natural disaster, i.e., a flood and landslide in early 2020 that damaged the location where UFTs grew, threatening the existence of UFTs genetic resources. Therefore, a systematic and integrated effort is needed to maintain UFTs biodiversity. This study aims to discover how to cultivate UFTs by the indigenous peoples in Urug Village, document the location where UFTs grow, and analyze index vegetation using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Using the combined method of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with 16 indigenous people, in-depth interviews with 19 indigenous people, and field observations, this study shows that there are 53 individuals of UFTs from 13 species found in several areas in Urug Village. Indigenous people have a unique way of cultivating UFT, starting from tree selection, preparation of planting sites, tree planting, and fruit tree care. However, more than 60% of UFT was found in the moderate vegetation index. The challenges of UFTs cultivation in Urug Village are changes in fruit consumption patterns, degradation of local knowledge, lack of information about the nutritional and vitamin content of UFTs, land use change, climate change, and the low involvement of both central and regional governments in cultivating UFTs. Thus, changes in consumer and government perceptions, and increased research on UFT are needed to address the challenges of cultivating UFT.

Prescribing - a worldwide survey on governance.

To explore the governance regarding prescribing across the world. We used a web-based questionnaire to ask the doctors about their prescribing practices and perception of governance in relation to prescribing. We sent the questionnaire to all doctors working in our hospital and primarily targeted doctors who had acquired their medical qualifications outside the UK to get a global view. We received 139 responses describing prescribing practices from 40 countries. More than 50% of doctors said there is no restriction in prescribing for themselves and their relatives. A third of them said that they could even prescribe controlled drugs without any restriction. 56% said that one doesn't need a prescription to get antibiotics. When analysed by countries, 80% said that they could self-prescribe and in 50% of the countries, one could get antibiotics without a prescription. In many countries there is poor governance with regards to prescribing. This is due to a lack of restrictions on prescribing (both self-prescribing and for friends/family) and the public's ability to obtain antibiotics and controlled drugs.