Perceptions Of Equity Research Articles

Parental responses to bullying: Understanding the role of school policies and practices.

Research, theory, and practice suggest an important role for parents in supporting their children when exposed to violence and helping them cope with victimization experiences. Despite this little is known about how parents respond to bullying and the factors that influence their response. Using data from 1,117 parents who reported that their middle or high schooler had been bullied in the past 30 days, this article identified different patterns of responses as well as examined the influence of perceptions of school climate, school policies and training, and school structural characteristics on their responses. A latent class analysis identified 3 different patterns of parental responses including Only Talk (72%), Contact School (23%), and Handle Themselves (5%). Parents who perceived the school to have more effective school rules were less likely to be in the class of parents who contacted the school versus the only talking class; however, school staff training was associated with a greater likelihood of parents being in the contact the school class versus the only talking class. Perceptions of equity were also related to an increased likelihood of being in the contact the school class versus the handle themselves class. These findings suggest that parents’ behaviors in response to bullying may be related to their perceptions of the school and school actions around bullying. Efforts to promote a collaborative approach to bullying between school and home should focus on communicating this expectation, potentially addressing parents’ perceptions of equitable treatment for all students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)

Adjusting the Equity Lens: Gaps in Addressing Health Equity in State Chronic Disease Prevention.

Purpose: Chronic diseases cause a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity in the United States, although risk factors and prevalence rates vary by population subgroups. State chronic disease prevention practitioners are positioned to address these issues, yet little is known about how health equity is being incorporated into their work. The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of health equity in a sample of state chronic disease practitioners.Methods: Participants were selected in conjunction with a related evaluation of the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD) capacity-building and evidence-based efforts. Four states were chosen for study based on variance in capacity. Directors in each of the states were interviewed and using snowball sampling, 8–12 practitioner interviews were conducted in each state, digitally audio recorded and transcribed. Using a comparative coding technique, themes and analyses were developed.Results: Comments from the practitioners fell into three main and inter-related categories. First, they discussed the varying degrees of integration of health equity in their work. The second theme was collaboration and the importance of working within and outside of departments, as well as with the community. The third theme related to measurement and the need for better data that can be used to garner support and measure impact.Conclusion: Chronic disease practitioners can play an important role in achieving health equity. Integrating this work more fully into chronic disease prevention and health promotion, developing strategic partnerships, tracking efforts, and measuring impact will improve practice and ultimately population health.

The effects of organisational commitment and employee perceptions of equity on organisational citizenship behaviour in Zimbabwean SMEs

Organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour have been extensively researched from the perspective of antecedents and outcomes. Literature shows that employee perceptions of equity relationships in organsations have been less extensively chronicled in research, especially in respect of organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour, within a Zimbabwean context. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between organisational commitment, employee perceptions of equity and organisational citizenship behaviours among employees of small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe. The research design is located within a quantitative research paradigm, undertaken through a cross-sectional, non-probabilty covenience sample (n=464). Descriptive statistics, correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the data. The results showed that perceptions of equity, organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour are low among employees in the Zimbabwean small and medium enterprise sector. The correlation analysis exhibits strong positive linear relationship between the constructs. Further, the results of the multiple regression analysis show that employee perceptions of equity and organisational commitment are strong predictors of organisational citizenship behaviour. The findings of the study will benefit owners/managers of SMEs and government entities in improving their understanding of the issues of equity and organisational commitment effects on organisational citizenship behaviour within the Zimbabwean context.

PERCEPTIONS OF SERVICE-ORIENTATION AND TRUST OF TAX OFFICERS BETWEEN MILLENIALS, X, AND BABY BOOMERS

The purpose of this study is to examine differences in perceptions of generations related to service-orientation and trust to tax officers. Changes traditional paradigm of the relationship between tax officers and taxpayers from “cops and robbers” to "clients" cause the research in perception of service-orientation and trust to tax officers to be necessary in order to improve voluntary tax compliance. This study also explains perceptions of tax fairness in three perspectives which are vertical equity, horizontal equity, exchange equity. The survey was conducted in 2018 with 165 self-employment individual taxpayers consisting of three generations, Millennials, X, and Baby Boomers from two types of work, retail/production and services business. This study uses quota sampling to collect respondents and use ANOVA statistical tests. The results of the study indicate differences in perceptions regarding service-orientation between generations. However, there are no differences in perception related trust to tax officers between generations. This research also found that Millenials, X, and Baby Boomer have different perceptions of vertical equity, horizontal equity, and exchange equity

생태관광지의 체험요소가 브랜드자산과 지역애호도에 미치는 영향 : 국립청소년 농·생명센터 체험학습을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to propose academic implications by integrating the relationship between perception of brand equity, local loyalty and tourism attitude by expanding the relationship of perception between tourism experience and brand equity. The survey was conducted from October 5th to October 9th at the National Center. and For the purpose of this study, we used frequency analysis, reliability and feasibility study, and regression analysis for empirical analysis. Sensory experience has been shown to influence brand equity. Behavioral experience factor and cognitive experience factor are the most important factors in local lover among tourism experience factors. Therefore, in order to promote local loyalty, it is considered that the development of programs that cause curiosity or interest, dynamic dynamism, or participation with other tourists will improve the loyalty of the region. The emotional experience factor and the sensory experience factor are classified as factors affecting the formation of the attitude of the tourist to the tourist destination. To this end, it is necessary to develop new, exciting, exciting, exciting experience elements by stimulating the tourist 's five senses do. In order to increase the loyalty of the region, image of the brand assets has shown the greatest influence. To this end, the local atmosphere is vigorously promoted by establishing a special image of the region, possessing interesting tourist resources, There is a need to make. Brand equity, brand image, and brand quality are all important influences on tourist attitude. Therefore, it can be said that improving brand equity affects the attitude of tourists.

Housework Allocation, Negotiation Strategies, and Relationship Satisfaction in Cohabiting Emerging Adult Heterosexual Couples

The purpose of the current study was twofold; first, to examine the association between equity and equality by comparing heterosexual romantic partners’ distribution of time as a function of their perceptions of equity and second, to investigate the antecedents of the housework negotiation process, its dyadic nature, and its influence on relationship satisfaction. Data from 204 newly cohabiting Canadian heterosexual couples indicated that men and women perceived inequity to self and equity to self, respectively, when the distribution of time was equal at home, yet men spent more time on paid work or academics than their partners did. Moreover, men and women perceived equity to self and inequity to self, respectively, when women did the bulk of the housework and men spent more time on paid work or academics than their partners did. Results also revealed that women’s personal contribution is linked to their relationship satisfaction through self-use of equity-restoring strategies when their partners’ use of equity-resisting strategies is high. For men, the conditional indirect effect of personal contribution on relationship satisfaction was significant when their attempts to restore equity were met with low resistance from their partners. Overall, our results highlight gender differences that could help raise awareness around issues of housework inequality and inform the development of educational programs for romantic partners who face ongoing challenges of housework allocation.

Individual Perspectives of Majority/Minority Partnerships: Who Really Benefits and How?

This study ascertained historically Black colleges and universities (HBCU) academic leaders' perceptions of equity between HBCU and predominantly White institutions (PWI) health professions school partnerships related to resource capacity, sustainability and scholarship. A focus group was conducted with seven HBCU health professions schools. A survey was sent to their PWI (n=14) partners. Four themes including positive and negative experiences, challenges, and recommendations to continue relationships with the PWIs were identified. Dissemination of the survey to PWIs resulted in no responses. Benefits of the partnerships include increased HBCU publications and PWI efforts to embrace HBCU students. Inequities in the distribution of social resources and of social justice include the fickle nature of partnership, little interest among PWIs in promoting HBCU expansion and independence, a lack of transparency and clarity in communications, and PWI claims of ownership for ideas proposed by the HBCU. Dual institutional appointments were also identified as problematic.

Equity Sensitivity and Stakeholder Behaviour

Though possible influences of a stakeholder’s fairness or equity perceptions on its inclination to impose sanctions upon a firm or, conversely, to support it, have received a modicum of attention from researchers in stakeholder theory, the limited work in this area of inquiry assumes that stakeholders are homogeneous in their sensitivity to unfairness or inequity in the firm-stakeholder relationship, though research on equity sensitivity suggests that this assumption likely will not hold. Based on work in stakeholder theory, equity theory, and equity sensitivity theory, in this paper I present and test hypotheses relating a stakeholder’s equity preferences – or equity sensitivity – to its propensity to take action against, or to support, the firm.

Interpersonal justice climate, extra-role performance and work family balance: A multilevel mediation model of employee well-being.

The global economic recession is relevant in public administration, especially in terms of the human factor. If we pretend to empower people as a resource, a key aspect is the perception of equity in their relationships. Previous research has shown how a positive shared interpersonal justice climate (IJC) in a work team impacts employee well-being, affecting the level of engagement and burnout. This influence is crucial in achieving positive results in the organization and for employees. The objective was to analyze the relationship between IJC and extra-role performance (ERP) and the mediating role of two indicators of well-being (burnout and engagement) in work teams. Furthermore, the study examined the Job Demands and Resources model (JD-R) including the relationship with the work family balance (WFB) of public employees. The sample was composed of 404 technical and administrative staff in a Spanish public university. The results indicated the significant relationships between the perceptions of IJC and burnout, engagement, and the two work outcomes WFB and ERP. When burnout and engagement were introduced in the regression equations, total mediation effects were produced.

Migrants’ perceptions of equity in Serbian health care

Migrants’ perceptions of equity in Serbian health care

Taxpayer’s Religiosity, Religion, and the Perceptions of Tax Equity: Case of South Korea

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of religiosity and religion on tax equity. Most prior studies have argued that higher taxpayers’ religiosity reduces tax evasion and increases the level of tax morale. Various studies have also shown that tax evasion and morale vary with perceptions of tax equity, including exchange, horizontal, and vertical equities. However, the relationship between religiosity and tax equity has not been studied actively. Especially in Korea, there has been considerable debate about the implementation of taxation for clergies. Therefore, the relationship between religiosity and tax equity will be analyzed clearly using Korean survey panel data. The results of this study show that religiosity and religion do not affect exchange and horizontal equity; however, each religion affects vertical equity. This implies that economic and social incentives are more effective than religiosity and religion on taxpayers’ tax evasion or morale.

Case-based models of customer-perceived sustainable marketing and its effect on perceived customer equity

This study presents case-based models that determine which sustainable marketing activities customer groups perceive to either enhance or reduce customer equity for a major sports clothing brand in China and South Korea. Complexity theory is used to identify different antecedents of customer equity that lead to the same outcomes. The study explores configurations of three dimensions of sustainable marketing that may affect customer equity. Young Chinese (n = 457) and Korean (n = 315) customers of a major sports clothing brand are surveyed to explore what configurations reduce or enhance the perception of customer equity and to test cultural differences. Academic and practical implications are also discussed.

Surveillance or Safekeeping? How School Security Officer and Camera Presence Influence Students’ Perceptions of Safety, Equity, and Support

PurposeTarget hardening, or increasing the use of security measures, is a frequently used response to perceived safety concerns in schools. Studies are mixed as to their effectiveness on students’ perceptions of safety and little is known about their influence on other aspects of school climate, particularly for minority students. This study will examine the association between observed security measures in secondary schools and students’ perceptions of safety, equity, and support. MethodsSchool climate surveys were completed by 54,350 students from 98 middle and high schools across the state of Maryland beginning in Spring 2014. Concurrent observations of the school physical environment, including security measures (i.e., officers and cameras), were conducted by trained outside assessors. Multilevel regression analyses examined the association between school security officers and cameras and students’ perceptions of safety, equity, and support, while controlling for school and neighborhood characteristics. Cross-level interactions explored differential effects of security measures for Black students. ResultsGreater use of security cameras inside the school was related to lower perceptions of safety, equity, and support. A moderate level of security camera use outside the school was related to higher student perceptions of support. Security officer presence was associated with higher perceptions of safety. For black students, cameras were associated with elevated perceptions of safety and support relative to white students. ConclusionsOur findings may suggest that outside cameras and security may be perceived by students as safekeeping, whereas inside cameras may evoke feelings of being viewed as potential perpetrators who need surveillance.

The Effect of Equity Perception of Hotel Customer on Customer Citizenship Behavior: Moderating Role of Equity Sensitivity

The Effect of Equity Perception of Hotel Customer on Customer Citizenship Behavior: Moderating Role of Equity Sensitivity

Equity Perception and Job Satisfaction of Civil Servants in the North-East of Nigeria: The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy

Equity Perception and Job Satisfaction of Civil Servants in the North-East of Nigeria: The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy

AN APPLIED PREDICTIVE MODELING OF BRAND EQUITY INDUCING SOCIAL MEDIA BRAND-RELATED ENGAGEMENT

This study presents a machine learning approach using conditional inference tree (Ctree) to determine how brand equity can be used to factually engage consumers into social media brand-related activities. Using the Ctree algorithm (Hothorn, Hornik, & Zeileis, 2006), a predictive model was computed using self-reported data on consumers’ perceptions of brand equity (Aaker, 1991) and engagement into social media brand-related behavior (Muntinga, Moorman, & Smit, 2011) from a sample of 690 individuals. The predictive modeling analysis revealed 5 different rules (patterns) that trigger social media brand-related behavior. Each rule comprises behavioral engagement discriminating low, medium, and high levels of consumption, contribution, and creation of brand-related social media content. Additionally, the analysis portrait 5 subtypes of consumers according to their behavior. This study has incremental explanatory power over preceding consumer brand engagement studies, in that it demonstrates how to manage brand equity to factually engage consumers into social media brand-related activities, therefore, generating valuable insights that may be used to support business.

Explaining residents' attitudes towards tourism and tourists: A new approach based on brand theory

AbstractConsidering host communities as brands in the eyes of local people, our study examines how resident attitudes towards tourism and tourists are influenced by two brand factors: (a) equity perceptions related to their communities (i.e., brand equity) and (b) identification with their communities (i.e., brand identification). Our empirical results indicate that resident attitudes towards tourism are positively influenced by equity perceptions and identification, whereas attitudes towards tourists are positively influenced by attitudes towards tourism and identification with the community. These findings represent a step forward in better understanding how both types of resident attitudes are influenced by nontourism‐related factors.

Enhancing brand equity through emotions and experience: the banking sector

PurposeThe banking sector is devoted to attracting Generation Y customers with their particular tastes and interests. The purpose of this paper is to explore for the first time how bank experience influences emotions and perception of brand equity. Using the stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) framework, the authors consider the perception of brand equity as the outcome.Design/methodology/approachA panel based on the method of Walsh and Beatty (2007) with completed and usable questionnaires was used to test the proposed model. The authors selected a sample of 211 respondents. After eliminating some inconsistencies, a final data sample consisted of 205 usable survey participants (male: 58 percent; female: 42 percent).FindingsExecutional excellence, staff engagement and value for money are the most relevant indicators in shaping the overall bank experience. Pleasure is the positive emotion that most enhances the perception of brand equity.Originality/valueThis study extends the S–O–R model by employing dimensions of experience as stimuli and brand equity as response. The study demonstrates the role of emotions (particularly pleasure) in enhancing brand equity among individuals from the Generation Y.

Gendered teacher-student classroom interactions, student sense of equity, and student achievement

Abstract Teacher-student interactions have received increasing attention as a predictor of student educational outcomes. With regards to the underachievement of boys, observational studies have shown that boys receive more negative attention from their teachers than girls. In this mixed-method study, the relationship between teacher-student classroom interactions, students’ perception of equity in the classroom, initial ability, and grade retention were analysed. Questionnaires and standardised ability tests for math and reading were administered to 6380 first-year secondary students. For a subsample of 129 students, fifteen-minute fragments of video-recorded lessons were coded. Information was gathered about students’ certification (grade retention). Logistic regression analyses provide evidence for the higher likelihood of students with a lower sense of equity to receive a certificate forcing them to repeat the current year. The odds to repeat a year were also significantly higher in students that are more off task. Gender was no significant predictor and, based on the regression results of multiple models, it is hypothesised that gender effects might be mediated through sense of equity. The interaction of gender and socio-economic background (SES) was a significant predictor. High SES girls are less likely than high SES boys to repeat a year. No gender difference exists in students from low SES. Finally, lower mathematical ability was a significant predictor of grade retention.

The effects of National Health Insurance Scheme on equity and quality of diabetes care in secondary healthcare facilities in SouthWest Nigeria

There have been concerns about the influence of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on equity and quality of diabetes care in many healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the effects of NHIS onequity and quality of diabetes care (DC) in Nigeria. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 110 (insured n=42, uninsured=68) consenting type 2-diabetics. Diabetic outpatients on oral hypoglycemic drugs, with at least 4 clinic visits prior to the time of the study were consecutively selected at two NHIS accredited public hospitals in Southwest, Nigeria. Patients’ perceptions of equity and quality of DC were assessed using a validated 27 items questionnaire. The medical care and pharmaceutical care in diabetes were independently assessed using medical chart review and a direct observation of dispensing pharmacists’ activities respectively. Chi-squared test was used to determine associations between variables. Majority (61.8%) of the study participants were uninsured. Females (50.9%) were more than the males (49.1%), 40.0% had post-secondary qualifications. The mean ages for the insured and uninsured were 52.02±11.6 and 58.97± 9.3years respectively. The insured and the uninsured differ in their perceptions of drug availability (p<0.001). The pharmacists’ counselling time (p<0.001) differs between the groups. The quality of medical care provided to the diabetics was generally low. The NHIS did not influence the quality of DC, though it may have engendered inequity in pharmaceutical care in the facilities.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2018) 7(1), 11 - 21