Resident Perceptions Research Articles

Resident perceptions of learning challenges in concussion care education

Background: Resident-focused curricula that support competency acquisition in concussion care are currently lacking. We sought to fill this gap by developing and evaluating Spiral Integrated Curricula (SIC) using the cognitive constructivism paradigm and the Utilization-Focused Evaluation (UFE) framework. The evidence-based curricula consisted of academic half-days (AHDs) and clinics for first- and second-year family medicine residents. Our first pilot evaluation had quantitatively demonstrated effectiveness and acceptability but identified ongoing challenges. Here we aimed to better describe how concussion learning is experienced from the learners’ perspective to understand why learning challenges occurred. Methods: A qualitative interpretative cohort study was utilized to explore resident perceptions of concussion learning challenges. Participants completed six monthly longitudinal case logs to reflect on their concussion experience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results: Residents' beliefs and perceptions of their roles influenced their learning organization and approaches. Challenges were related to knowledge gaps in both declarative knowledge and knowledge interconnections. Through reflection, residents identified their concussion competency acquisition gaps, leading to transformative learning. Conclusion: This Spiral Integrated Design created vigorous processes to interrogate “concussion” competency gaps. We discussed resident mindsets and factors that hindered “concussion” learning and potentially unintentional negative impacts on the continuity of patient care. Future studies could explore how to leverage humanistic adaptive expertise, cross-disciplines for curriculum development, and evaluation to overcome the hidden curriculum and to promote integrated education and patient care.

Quantifying Interruptions for On-Call Radiology Residents, and Resident Perception of Reading Room Coordinators

Quantifying Interruptions for On-Call Radiology Residents, and Resident Perception of Reading Room Coordinators

Resident and teacher perceptions of the preceptor field note: a qualitative analysis.

Assessment of clinical teachers is a requirement by family medicine residency programs in Canada. This facilitates feedback to teachers and ensures the curriculum is delivered in an efficient and safe way. To protect resident confidentiality, preceptors often receive their teaching evaluations months to years later. Teachers have requested shorter feedback loops, greater numbers, and more frequent assessments to improve their skills. The preceptor field note (PFN) is a tool that allows learners to evaluate teachers during a single encounter providing more frequent and immediate feedback. This study documents teachers' and residents' initial impressions of the first iteration of the PFN.

A121 CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF RESIDENT PHYSICIAN KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS REGARDING NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN CANADA

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition affecting approximately 25% of the Canadian population and is projected to continue increasing. Given the increasing prevalence and complications of NAFLD, it is imperative for future primary care physicians to possess a thorough understanding of NAFLD to enhance patient care. Aims To assess the knowledge and perceptions of primary care resident physicians in Canada concerning NAFLD. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of resident physicians in primary care specialties to assess their knowledge of NAFLD. Additionally, we evaluated resident perceptions regarding the importance of NAFLD and their exposure and familiarity with the condition. "Reasonable knowledge" was defined as correctly answering more than 50% of the questions. We assessed associations using χ2 testing and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results We received 413 responses, with 252 (61%) from family medicine residents and 161 (39%) from internal medicine residents. Among the respondents, 90% considered NAFLD an important public health issue, but only 7% felt they had adequate exposure to the condition, and 94% expressed a need for more teaching. 59% indicated that they were only slightly familiar or unfamiliar with NAFLD. The majority of respondents correctly identified diabetes (90%), dyslipidemia (96%), and obesity (97%) as risk factors for NAFLD, while fewer recognized obstructive sleep apnea (53%), hypothyroidism (27%) and hypopituitarism (14%) as risk factors. Cardiovascular disease and cirrhosis were reported as the most common causes of mortality from NAFLD by 37% and 35% of respondents, respectively. Up to 59% of respondents reported that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis can be diagnosed through imaging or a blood test. Respondents demonstrated a strong understanding of nonpharmacologic therapies, but only 11% recognized that there are no approved medications for NAFLD. Overall, 35% of the respondents displayed a reasonable knowledge of NAFLD. In univariate analysis, factors associated with greater NAFLD knowledge included internal medicine residency (P=0.001), higher post-graduate year (P=0.003), prior GI or hepatology rotations (P=0.003), and subjective familiarity with NAFLD (Pampersand:003C0.001). However, only higher post-graduate year (P=0.048) and subjective familiarity (P=0.003) remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Resident physicians perceive NAFLD as an important health issue but significantly lack exposure and knowledge about the condition. Further emphasis and education are needed to bridge these knowledge gaps and improve patient outcomes. Funding Agencies None Endoscopy, Technology & Imaging

THE CITY AND ITS IMAGE: DISCOURSES OF THEORETICAL UNDERSTANDING

The article is devoted to understanding the ideas that influence the understanding of the essence of the city and its image in the process of historical development. Through historical and comparative analysis, key changes are illuminated, including the shift from the ideal of social justice to individualism. The research is relevant in the context of the impact of technology on urban life; it can become the basis for developing strategies for sustainable urban development and creating favorable social conditions. Aspects that influence the perception of residents and researchers of the urban image are identified for subsequent analysis of the modern city.

Pediatric residents' perceptions about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their training.

Introduction. Medical residency programs suffered changes that may have affected academic training during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives. To describe the perceptions of pediatric residents about the pandemic's impact on their education. To transculturally adapt and validate the COVID-19 Resident Education and Experience Survey into Spanish. Materials and methods. Observational, cross-sectional study. Participants were pediatric residents from hospitals across the country. The survey by Ostapenko et al. was used. A descriptive analysis was done using the SPSS software, version 21. The project was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Results. The survey was completed by 127 residents. Most did more than 50 hours of health care activities before and during the pandemic. Also, 43.3% (95% CI: 35-52) spent at least 1 hour a day studying individually before the pandemic, while 63% (95% CI: 54.3-70.9) did so during the pandemic. In relation to the time spent doing academic work, 75.6% (95% CI: 67.4-82.2) reported that, before the pandemic, they spent at least 4 hours a week doing academic activities, dropping to 41.7% (95% CI: 33.5-50.4) during the pandemic. More than 60% (95% CI: 54.3-70.1) perceived that the pandemic impaired their training to become a specialist and 93.7% (95% CI: 88.1-96.8), that their stress levels increased. Conclusions. The perception was that participants spent less hours doing academic activities during the pandemic. Most surveyed participants mentioned that their stress levels increased and that the pandemic impaired their training to become a specialist.

Academic Half Day Improves Resident Perception of Education Without Compromising Patient Safety

BackgroundResidency programs are required to offer a didactic curriculum and protect resident time for education. Our institution implemented an academic half day (AHD) in the 2021–2022 academic year to address issues related to the standard noon conference series. ObjectiveDetermine the impact of AHD implementation on education, patient safety, and workflow. MethodsThis was a prospective, single-site educational intervention study. Pre- and post-implementation surveys and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) surveys assessed changes in trainee and faculty attitudes and behaviors. Patient safety and workflow were evaluated by comparing the number of safety event reports, rapid response team activations, time to admission from the ED, and time of discharge on AHD days compared to other weekdays. ResultsSurvey response rates were: residents 68%/48%, fellows 42%/35%, and faculty 59%/29%. AHD was associated with a significant, positive change in resident attitudes and experiences and on ACGME survey items. On AHDs compared with other weekdays, there were no significant differences in safety event report rates (P = .98), nor in rapid response team activation rates (P = .99). There was not a clinically meaningful difference in median admission time from the ED on AHD weekdays (125 minutes) compared to other weekdays (130 minutes, P = .04). There was no significant difference in median discharge time on AHD vs other weekdays (P = .13). ConclusionsThis study suggests that there is no significant difference in patient safety or workflow with the implementation of AHD. This study supports prior studies that residents strongly prefer AHD. AHD may be a useful framework for resident education without compromising patient care.

The Perception of the American Trypanosomiasis "Disease of Chagas" in the Traditional Community of the Brazilian Amazon

Objective: To evaluate the perception of residents of the Bacuri community in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari, Pará, about American trypanosomiasis, known as Chagas disease, in order to expand awareness and control strategies for the disease, in addition to providing specific information about its main vector, the popular barber, and reduce the appearance of epidemiological cases in the region. Method: An “on-site” visit was carried out, applied to questionnaires composed of open and closed multiple-choice questions and in-depth interviews, with a descriptive statistical analysis being carried out with the aid of the Microsoft Excel 2010 program, calculating the relative and absolute frequency in a quantitative way. Theoretical reference: the research has its main theoretical bases in current scientific articles on the subject. Result and conclusion: The results showed that 98% of the participants said they knew the disease superficially and also did not receive visits from health agents, 68% said they only knew those in the chronic phase of the disease. As for the vector 72%, the appearance of these insects is common in the community. Implications of the research: this work is an important tool for raising awareness among traditional peoples of the Brazilian Amazon for the control and prevention of Chagas disease, in addition to expanding the range of information regarding the disease in the region. Originality/value: The research indicated that popular knowledge about the disease is of fundamental importance for its treatment and an alternative given the lack of awareness campaigns in the region, which portrays a reality within rural communities in the Brazilian Amazon.

Mist Spraying as an Outdoor Cooling Spot in Hot-Humid Areas: Effect of Ambient Environment and Impact on Short-Term Thermal Perception

Mist spraying is an active cooling technology used to alleviate heat stress during hot summers. However, there is limited experimental research on the relationship between ambient thermal parameters and spray cooling efficiency, as well as the transient and short-term thermal perceptions of local residents. In this study, an intermittent mist spraying system was set up, and environmental measurements, coupled with questionnaire surveys, were conducted under typical high temperature and still air conditions. The aim was to investigate the relationship among environmental factors, spray cooling effects, and dynamic improvements in human thermal perception. The results showed that higher ambient temperatures resulted in a more significant cooling effect, with a maximum value of 5.68 °C. Upon entering the spraying area, people experienced a large perceptual change, with the mean thermal sensation and thermal comfort change covering 73% and 62% of the total change ranges, respectively. This study indicated that the mist spray system can be activated if the ambient temperature exceeds 32.5 °C, helping local residents maintain a physiological state close to slightly hot and neutral comfort. These findings suggest that mist spraying can be applied in environmental design as an outdoor cooling spot to mitigate urban overheating, providing valuable insights for the application of mist spray systems in actual outdoor settings in hot-humid areas.

Green Development in Indonesia: Socioeconomic Impacts, Environmental Effects, and the Role of Social Entrepreneurship

The socioeconomic and environmental ramifications of green development in Indonesia are investigated in this study, which also investigates the perspectives of urban residents. The data of 243 participants were analyzed utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS 4) in a quantitative fashion. The variables comprised perceptions of urban residents, environmental impacts, contributions of social entrepreneurs, and socioeconomic implications. The research findings indicated that green development was regarded favorably, as evidenced by elevated levels of consciousness, perceived significance, and anticipations. Social entrepreneurship has been identified as a substantial mediator in the connection between environmental impacts, socioeconomic ramifications, and perceptions. The implications of the findings extend to policy formulation and urban planning, while also providing significant contributions to the body of literature concerning social entrepreneurship and urban development.

Perception of tourists and residents on the pedestrian environment of heritage cities

In China, most heritage sites are car-free destinations due to narrow roads, a result of government policy. This study examines the relationship between environmental factors and pedestrian perceptions in Gulangyu, China, among both residents and tourists. It analyses how different groups perceive the environment while walking, aiming to create a more functional walking environment that balances the needs of both groups. The study employed a quantitative approach, specifically logistic regression analysis, to examine the relationship between environmental factors and pedestrian perceptions. Statistical software, SPSS, was utilized for data analysis. The results of logistic regression analysis indicate that resident’s perceptions are significantly influenced by comfort level, lighting, building maintenance, commercial attractiveness, and historic buildings. For tourists, the four factors significantly impacting the walking experience are road cleanliness, the indicating system, building facades along the street, and walking pleasure. The study reveals that the walking perceptions of residents and tourists suggest diverse concerns and experiences of the environment due to the different purposes of walking for each group.

Small Urban Green Spaces: Insights into Perception, Preference, and Psychological Well-being in a Densely Populated Areas of Tehran, Iran.

In metropolitan areas worldwide, abandoned properties are prevalent, prompting a need for small urban green spaces (SUGS) to meet the growing demand. Understanding residents' preferences and perceptions of transformed spaces is vital for effective urban design. This study delves into residents' preferences and perceptions regarding the transformation of such spaces into SUGS and their impact on psychological well-being. By examining how these preferences and perceived health benefits shape the value of transformed spaces, the research aims to inform effective urban design strategies. The participants underwent visual stimulation, with psychological reactions recorded through Electroencephalogram (EEG) readings and assessed via Questionnaire. Machine learning techniques analyzed EEG sub-band data, achieving an average accuracy of 92.8% when comparing leftover and designed spaces. Results revealed that different types of transformed spaces provoke distinct physiological and preference responses. Specifically, viewing SUGS was associated with significant changes in gamma wave power, suggesting a correlation between enhanced gamma activity and increased feelings of empathy. Moreover, participants also reported enhanced comfort, relaxation, and overall mood, and a strong preference for SUGS over untransformed spaces, emphasizing the value placed on these areas for their health benefits. This research highlights the positive impact of even SUGS on mental health, using EEG data to assess emotional states triggered by urban spaces. The study concludes with a call for further research to investigate the long-term benefits of SUGS on well-being, alongside an exploration of the gamma band as a neural marker for emotional restoration in urban green spaces. This research highlights the crucial role of urban design in fostering psychological well-being through the strategic development of green spaces, suggesting a paradigm shift toward more inclusive, health-promoting urban environments.

The House Cup: Using Longitudinal Gamification to Improve Didactic Attendance.

Determine if a point-based attendance system combined with longitudinal gamification is feasible and improves didactic session attendance and learner perceptions at our internal medicine residency. A prospective before-after cohort study. Weekly attendance was tracked from June 2022 through April 2023 at our university-affiliated internal medicine residency program. We implemented a point-based longitudinal game incentivizing residents to attend didactics with positive reinforcement in July 2022 (C: carrot). We added tiered positive reinforcement and positive punishment to the game in January 2023 (CS: carrot and stick). Attendance during these periods was compared to pre (P) and postintervention (S). Perceptions were assessed during the P, C, and CS periods with Likert scale ratings. CS was associated with higher attendance than other study periods (P = .002). Median attendance was P-51% (IQR 37.5-64.5), C-65% (IQR 50-74), CS-81% (IQR 78-94), and S-66% (IQR 63-71). Perceptions were similar during pre and intervention study periods, including perceptions of camaraderie (P-4.4, C-4.4, CS-4.5; P = .56), interest in attending didactic sessions (P-3.7, C-3.4, CS-3.2; P = .21), and mandate as the primary reason for attending didactics (P-3.1, C-3.1, CS-3.2; P = .96). A point-based attendance system combined with a longitudinal game that included tiered positive reinforcement and positive punishment was feasible and associated with higher didactic attendance but not associated with changes in resident perceptions.

Resident Perceptions of Simulcast Teaching: A Qualitative Study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education programs were challenged to optimize learning while balancing social interaction with exposure risk. In response, our internal medicine (IM) residency program transitioned to "simulcast" educational sessions. In simulcast sessions, multiple small groups of learners met in person in separate rooms and connected to the large-group session via videoconferencing. This qualitative study describes IM residents' perceptions regarding the advantages and disadvantages of learning in simulcast compared to virtual and in-person settings during the pandemic. Categorical IM residents at Penn State during the academic year 2020-2021 were invited to participate. Eligible residents participated in one 30-min virtual, semistructured focus group. We used inductive thematic coding to analyze resident responses. Forty-eight percent (n = 29/60) of invited residents participated in focus groups. In the simulcast setting, participants felt more accountability to participate in their small groups compared to a larger group or virtual setting. Educational experiences varied based upon facilitator skill level. Overall, in-person settings were preferred to virtual, when possible, due to increased social connection. Respondents identified educator enthusiasm and presentation quality as key to engagement regardless of setting. Residents had variable responses to the simulcast setting based upon their comfort with participation by group size, desire for social connection, and perception of teaching strategies. The key identified pitfalls to simulcast teaching were resident discomfort in small groups, heterogeneous learning experience, lack of engagement, and technology challenges. These pitfalls can be mitigated through strategic distribution of learners in groups, trained facilitators, and interactive teaching modalities. Given that simulcast and mixed (simulcast, virtual, and in-person) teaching settings are here to stay postpandemic, anticipating pitfalls and creating adaptable educational content that translates in multiple settings is crucial.

КУЛЬТУРНОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО СОВРЕМЕННОГО ГОРОДА КАК ОБЪЕКТ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

The paper examines the phenomenon of urban identity within the context of an individual’s sense of belonging to the urban cultural space. The urban cultural milieu represents a significant factor in shaping an individual’s attachment to their place of residence and an emotional connection with the city. This is an essential aspect of the subjective well-being of the residents. The objective of this study is to provide theoretical justification for the concept of “urban cultural space” and to empirically examine the respondents’ perceptions of urban cultural space. The research methods employed were an associative experiment and a prototypical analysis, as proposed by P. Vergès. The empirical base of the study comprised 354 respondents permanently residing in Krasnodar. The concept of the “cultural space of the city” as a semantic sphere embodied in the urban landscape is substantiated from the perspective of the subjective approach. The core of social ideas of Krasnodar residents about urban culture and the culture of their city is characterized by consistency. This is evidenced by common elements, including city cultural institutions, parks, city customs and traditions, and the culture of everyday. The social representations of urban culture are distinguished by an expanded core, encompassing both material cultural objects and the activity aspect of urban culture. The peripheral zone of social perceptions (SP) of Krasnodar residents about urban culture includes categories that distinguish the urban environment from the rural one (specifically in terms of the visible signs of urbanization.). The same zone of SP about Krasnodar culture encompasses specific urban locations, urban cultural practices, distinctive behaviors, and the everyday culture of citizens. The common element of the peripheral zone of SP is the category “city residents” (“Krasnodar residents”). The social perceptions of a given city, such as Krasnodar, imbue these elements with a specific content that is determined by the specifics of the urban environment.

Behaviours and Perceptions of Tourists and Residents of the Algarve: A Contribution to Enhancing Its Sustainable Development

Behaviours and Perceptions of Tourists and Residents of the Algarve: A Contribution to Enhancing Its Sustainable Development

Legal abortion in cases of sexual violence pregnancy: perceptions and experiences of obstetricians

This study aimed to analyze the perceptions of obstetricians and gynecology-obstetrics residents at a federal school maternity hospital regarding legal abortion in cases of sexual violence pregnancy, understand their motivations, strengths, and feelings, and identify their experience with this topic. The first stage consisted of answering a self-administered questionnaire. The selection criteria were: obstetricians linked to the obstetric center, director of the medical division, and residents of the institution's obstetrics-gynecology program. In total, 36 questionnaires were answered and returned. The second stage corresponded to an interview using a saturation sampling criterion. Six physicians were interviewed. The interviews were evaluated using a thematic content analysis. The questionnaires showed that all participants had already provided care to women in situations of sexual violence and that most of them had already participated in a legal abortion procedure in these cases. The interviews highlighted the dilemmas faced by professionals in providing care to these women and the lack of professional training to handle these cases. The speeches of women were sometimes seen as an object of suspicion regarding the veracity of sexual violence, and sometimes as an object that caused professionals to feel emotionally affected while listening to them, allowing professionals to approach the victims and offer more humanized care. The results pointed to the importance of addressing this topic in the areas of health and providing training beyond the technical-scientific focus in order to support the development of new care strategies.

Pathology as a Basic Medical Subject: Its Relevance and Application During Clinical Practice in Jordanian MD Programs, Interns' and Residents' Perspectives.

Medical literature revealed that there is a lack of information about the opinions of medical interns and residents about curricula provided to them during their undergraduate programs, either in a group of detached subjects or an incorporated and efficacious topic (ie, pathology). To assess and compare the interns' and residents' perspectives towards Pathology as a subject. To recognize their opinions toward the relevance and application of Pathology while practicing clinically. This study was a cross-sectional online, self-administered questionnaire targeting interns and residents. The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions, enquiring about the demographic data, subject strength, teaching duration, interest in the subject, and usefulness of Pathology as a subject in clinical practice. Overall, 103 participants completed the survey. The female and male percentage was 59.2% and 40.8% respectively. 86.4% of participants were interns, while 13.6% were residents. 87% of participants agreed that applying pathology during clinical practice is a skill that should be strengthened in the early stages of preclinical education of Medicine. A modest percentage believed that a practitioner could efficiently treat the majority of patients with no need to know the specifics of the pathological mechanisms involved. Most of the participants believed that pathology courses helped them in making a differential diagnosis, analysis of normal and pathological constituents, and dissection and identification of structures. This study highlights the positive perceptions of Jordanian interns and residents toward pathology courses. It also demonstrates that participants prefer an active and dynamic educational model with an emphasis on better integration of pathology courses and clinical experiences that fit their needs in clinical practice. Thus, we recommend future studies to compare the competencies of interns and residents enrolled in the courses with integrated medical curricula, of pathology versus those who studied the conventional medical curricula of pathology, as well as to evaluate their perceptions of medical education.

Impact of Coal Mining on Health Condition of the Local Residents: A study from Salanpur Coal belt Area of West Bengal

In coal mining belt both formal and informal/illegal coal mining are responsible for the creating various types of health hazards for the local residents. Formal miners tries to mitigate the environmental related hazards which is in turn responsible for various health related problems among the residents who live nearby by adopting EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) technique whereas informal/illegal miners did not adopt any such techniques. Here our study focuses on the perception of the local residents about the impact of formal as well as informal/illegal mining on health condition of the local residents. For this we took sample of 500 household members from mining village (MV) and non-mining or controlled village (CV). We specially check whether mining activities in MV has any significant impact on health condition of the residents or not. For our study we apply Mann-Whitney U test. Based on the analysis of the perception of the sample households regarding the impact of illegal coal mining on the health condition of the resident’s majority of the respondent agreed that illegal coal mining has adverse impact on health condition of the local residents. The realizations of the impact of illegal coal mining on health are significantly higher in MV than that in the CV. Due to the existence of formal and illegal coal mining in the MV, ground water condition as well as air quality is deteriorated which is responsible for various types of air borne as well as water borne diseases among the local residents in comparison to the CV situated slightly away from the MV

Students’ perception on preventive archaeological research in Timisoara

The research that has been carried out in recent years in the historical area of Timisoara constituted the context for conducting a sociological study regarding the perception of permanent residents and visitors of Timisoara, on these studies, both in terms of the legislative framework in which preventive archaeological investigations are carried out, their way of organization, but especially regarding their impact on the cultural heritage of the city. A separate category of subjects, individualized within the target group of the research, are the students. Our analysis follows the perception of 360 students, highlighting both their level of information and knowledge regarding the archaeological research carried out in Timisoara, but also their opinions regarding the impact and usefulness of this type of investigation for the cultural heritage and for the city of Timisoara. After analyzing the results, we could find that most students expressed themselves in favor of this type of archaeological investigation, perceived as necessary and useful, with an impact especially on local history, which should be restored and valued. The conclusions of the study are important in our opinion, as they reflect the perception of a significant category of the population, namely students (mostly young people, aged between 18-28).