Dental Perception Research Articles

Esthetic dental perception comparisons between 2D- and 3D-simulated dental discrepancies

Statement of problemIntraoral scanners (IOSs), facial scanners (FSs), and computer-aided design (CAD) software programs have become powerful tools for treatment planning. However, discrepancies in perception regarding 2-dimensional (2D) or 3-dimensional (3D) simulations by dentists, dental students, and laypeople have not been analyzed. PurposeThe purpose of this observational study was to analyze the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the maxillary dental midline and the occlusal plane when analyzing the dental discrepancies on 2D- and 3D-clinical simulations. Material and methodsA female model was digitized by using an FS, IOS, and a full-face smile photograph. Dental discrepancies were simulated by using a 2D photograph (2D group) and 3D scan (3D group) of the model. In both simulation groups, 2 subgroups were produced. The occlusal plane of the first subgroup was modified in 1-degree increments without changing the dental midline or the position of the maxillary dental incisors. In the second subgroup, the occlusal plane was modified by using the same increments, but the maxillary central incisors and dental midline were altered to match the inclination of the occlusal plane. A total of 300 participants (N=300) were asked to rate the 2D images (N=12) and 3D videos (N=12) on a 1-to-6 scale and answer a questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the ratings. ResultsThe ratings decreased with the increased tilt of the occlusal plane, and the layperson group gave consistently higher ratings than the other 2 groups. For dentists, the odds of giving a higher versus lower rating decreased by almost a half for each degree of tilt. However, for students, that effect was diminished by a positive interaction term, and for laypersons, the effect was even less. Students gave similar ratings to dentists, but laypersons gave higher ratings. As the age of the participants increased, however, the ratings also increased. The use of 3D versus 2D images had a positive effect on the ratings, but the effect decreased for the student observers and decreased even further for laypersons. Furthermore, midline alteration led to higher ratings but also resulted in worsening of the odds ratio for the tilt. Seventy percent of the dentists, 57% of the dental students, and 52% of the laypersons preferred 2D simulations to 3D simulations. ConclusionsDentists, dental students, and laypersons decreased their ratings with increased inclination of the occlusal plane; however, laypersons still graded all the 2D and 3D images as esthetically pleasant, giving consistently higher ratings than the dentists and dental students. Overall, 3D simulations obtained higher ratings than 2D images, but the positive effect decreased for the student observers and decreased even further for laypersons.

Cultural Perceptions of Patient Safety among Dentists, Young Dentists and Medical Staff in Dental and Oral Hospital

Patient safety culture is a major aspect of quality Dental and Oral Hospital services. There are various professions, equipment, and provide services for 24 hours without stopping. The aim is determining culture perceptions of patient safety among dentists, young dentists and medical staff in dental and oral hospitals. This type of quantitative descriptive research with cross-sectional approach. Research site in the dental and oral hospital of the University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. A sample of 65 respondents consisting of dentists, young dentists, and medical staff used simple random sampling techniques. Data analysis using univariate is presented in the frequency distribution table. The results are Perception of Dentists, Young Dentists and Medical staff, the assessment of internal cooperation, poor (50.8%), Perception the assessment of managers, good (64.4%). Perception communication appraisal of work unit, good (50.8%), Perception frequency reports of wrong actions or events is not expected, good (53.8%). The perception of the assessment of the patient safety level, good (55.4%). The perception of hospital management overall assessment, poor (58.5%). The conclusion is the culture of patient safety in the Dental and Oral Hospital from the perception of Dentists and Medical Staff are good, but the perception of Young Dentists is still poor.

A comparative study of the perceptions of dental hygienists and dentists of nonsurgical periodontal therapy : application of a co-orientation model

A comparative study of the perceptions of dental hygienists and dentists of nonsurgical periodontal therapy : application of a co-orientation model

Knowledge, awareness and perceptions of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a cohort of indian dental professionals: A questionnaire-based study

Objectives COVID-19 is an unprecedented global public health emergency currently impacting heavily on India. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, perceptions of Indian dentists on COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional, on-line questionnaire-based study was conducted amongst 403 Indian dentists in solo, and group practices as well as academics. The self-administered questionnaire assessed 1) knowledge/awareness of factors related to COVID-19 patient identification and symptomatology, 2) knowledge/awareness of COVID-19 transmission and 3) perceptions of COVID-19 history taking procedure. Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Frequency distributions and logistic regression analyses were used. Results Indian dentists demonstrated an overall modest level of knowledge on identification of patients with COVID-19. Moreover, they had a high level of awareness of the COVID-19 transmission means, and the generally accepted procedural perceptions on patient history taking. However, there were some gaps in specific aspects of knowledge and perceptions. Those who were aged ≥ 30-years had a significantly higher level of knowledge of patient identification means than those who were < 30-years (OR=1.78:1.12-2.83); p=0.01. Moreover, specialized dentists were significantly more knowledgeable of COVID-19 transmission means than general dentists (OR=1.89:1.22-2.93; p=0.004). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate identifiable gaps in knowledge/awareness and perceptions of COVID-19 in Indian dental professionals. These gaps should be fulfilled, at the earliest, due to the rising burden of COVID-19 in India, to ensure safe dental care delivery.

Teleconsultations in oral medicine: dentist perception during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

The aim of this study was to describe the perception of dentists from the North macroregion of Minas Gerais, Brazil, users of telediagnosis in Oral Medicine, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study. Data collection was carried out online, between May and October 2022. The information was transferred to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPPS)® version 24. The sample consisted of 255 dentists, predominantly female. Regarding perception, a significant percentage (47.8%) of respondents agreed that they would like to use telediagnosis frequently, more than half (60.6%) agreed that the technology is easy to use, only a small percentage (8.8%) needed technical support to use it and almost half (48.2%) mentioned the desire to continue using it after the pandemic. When asked if patients felt confident and comfortable when passing on information, more than half disagreed or remained neutral (58.4%), a similar result was found in relation to confidence in the application of the instrument by professionals. It is concluded that, during the pandemic, telediagnosis in Oral Medicine was an easy and adequate tool. However, professionals must be trained and prepared to be comfortable and ready for use.

Developing a measure for evaluation of ethical perceptions of dental practitioners in India

The study aims to develop and empirically validate a measure of Ethical perceptions for Dental Practitioners in India based on the Principles of ethics enumerated by American Dental Association. A five-dimensional 64 item scale was used to measure the ethical perceptions of Dental practitioners in Delhi NCR, India. Each of the dimensions of Autonomy, Non-Maleficence, beneficence, Justice a Veracity was validated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis using Amos 4.0. The Measurement model was also validated through CFA. The validated scale for measurement of ethical perceptions was five dimensional consisting of the respective pre dominant sub dimensions of Informed Consent for Autonomy; Personal Relationship for Non Maleficence, Community Service for Beneficence, Patient selection for Justice and Advertisement/Naming the Clinic for Veracity The study provides evidence of selective bias in ethical perceptions of dental practitioners as regards the components of Ethical Perceptions as many sub dimensions were not found to be valid indicators with Indian Dental Practitioners. The study thus indicates the need for education and training of DPs as per Code of Dental Ethics as regards the sub dimensions of Principles of Ethics. The study provides a valid measure for assessing Dental Practitioners and student's ethical perceptions related to Dentistry and the significant dimensions and attributes to measure the same. This is the first attempt to develop and empirically validate a scale for assessment of ethical perceptions of Dentists

Perceptions of interprofessional collaboration in education of dentists and dental hygienists and the impact on dental practice in the Netherlands: A qualitative study

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of dentists and dental hygienists regarding their own and each other's roles in interprofessional collaboration following a clinical interprofessional educational programme (CIEP) as part of their graduate programme at Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc) and HAN University of Applied Sciences (HAN UAS), Nijmegen, the Netherlands, respectively. Perceptions were obtained at the end of their study (2014) and two years after their graduation (2016).MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using a questionnaire with open‐ended questions. Sixty‐two dentists and thirty‐eight dental hygienists were invited. Theory‐based analyses were applied in combination with principles of Grounded Theory to analyse and synthesise the collected data from the open‐ended questions.ResultsAt baseline, 100% responded. At follow‐up, thirty‐two dentists (51.6%) and twenty‐six dental hygienists (68.4%) responded; twenty‐seven dentists (43.5%) and eighteen dental hygienists (47.4%) were included. Many similarities were found between baseline and follow‐up regarding perceptions of each other's expertise and responsibility, learning from and with each other, and the behaviour of students and the “novice” professionals in interprofessional collaboration. Both dentists and dental hygienists experienced the CIEP as useful for interprofessional collaboration. The “novice” dentists and dental hygienists indicated that in dental practices interprofessional collaboration was less common.ConclusionThe CIEP resulted in more understanding amongst dentists and dental hygienists with regard to interprofessional roles, but in practice the “novice” dentists and dental hygienists face difficulties in applying the interprofessional roles.

Perception of Dentists and Dental Hygienists in Saudi Arabia about Bleeding with Dental Procedures in Patients Using Antithrombotic Medications

Background: Antithrombotic medications are frequently used for the prevention of certain conditions such as venous thromboembolism (VTE). A major complication of treatment with antithrombotic is the risk of hemorrhage, especially after specific dental procedures. Objectives: This study was conducted to measure the knowledge of dentists and hygienists in Saudi Arabia about treating patients who are receiving new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and determining if dentists and hygienists are treating patients according to international guidelines. Methods: Study design: An English language questionnaire was piloted and then revised and distributed amongst various dental institutions within Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Study Subjects: 302 participants (Dentists 94.7% and dental hygienists 5.3%) working within Saudi Arabia, 58.3 were males, and 41.7% were females. 30.5% of the subjects' experience was between 5 and 10 years. Inclusion criteria: Dentists and hygienists who are practicing in Saudi Arabia during the defined study period and willing to participate. Results: It appears that there is still much confusion over-treating patients on antithrombotic medications, not only with the NOACs (i.e. Rivaroxaban, Dabigatran, Apixaban) but even with the more established medications, such as Warfarin and Aspirin; only approximately 30% of respondents were able to correctly respond to the appropriate method of treating patients receiving these medications. A large number of respondents stated that they did not know how to treat or would not treat patients on these antithrombotic medications (29.8% - 89.2%) which is very concerning, considering the large number of patients who are receiving antithrombotic medications. Conclusion: The familiarity of dentists and dental hygienists with the NOACs is very poor compared to the more established antithrombotic. Therefore, dental professionals need to be made more aware of the NOACs in order to facilitate proper and timely management. Figure Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Patients' views on dentists' ability to manage medical crises - results of focus group research.

Australia faces an ageing population which is more medically complicated than in years past, and it is important that we meet public expectations of management of medical emergencies in the dental clinic. No research before has examined in depth the public perception of dentists' medical emergency management. To qualitatively assess the publics' perception of medical emergencies in dentistry and their expectations of medical emergency management by dentists. Twelve members of the public associated with a university clinic participated in two focus groups of six persons, where semi-structured discussions were carried out, audio recorded and transcribed, and subsequently underwent comprehensive thematic analysis. Key findings included a high expectation of dentists' general medical knowledge, as well as potential concern regarding a lack of routine medical assessment prior to undertaking dental treatment. Participants expected dentists to be highly proficient at managing medical crises and support the concept of medical emergency management certification for dentists.

Recognition of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons by Dental Professionals and Their Perceptions Regarding Cosmetic Facial Surgery—A Questionnaire-Based Study

The versatility of facial cosmetic surgery as a specialty has often been underestimated owing to the lack of knowledge and limited perception in our society. The present questionnaire-based study was performed to evaluate the attitude, knowledge, and perception of dentists regarding cosmetic facial surgery. We devised a well-structured questionnaire study in which 3 population groups of subjects included 420 interns, 133 BDS graduates, and 564 MDS graduates of various specialties from various colleges in Mangalore City. Closed-ended questions were formatted to evaluate the knowledge regarding specific facial cosmetic procedures. The subjects were asked to match 5 different specialists with 10 conditions or procedures. To investigate whether the subjects had an understanding of the multidisciplinary characteristic of some of the procedures, they were also asked to choose the specialty surgeon who might have an additional role. The subjects were asked whether they were aware of any relative who had undergone a cosmetic facial procedure and whether they regarded the surgical result as acceptable. Furthermore, they were asked whether they would contemplate referring patients for cosmetic surgery for any facial malformation. The institutional review board granted exemption for our study. The results revealed that 94.9% of the professionals were ready to refer their patients for cosmetic facial surgery if required, and most had found the results satisfactory. Most of the dental professionals had knowledge regarding the various cosmetic facial procedures. However, they were not up to date regarding the magnitude of the progress and recent developments in the various specialties and were not able to refer their patients to the most appropriate specialist. It is essential to create awareness among dental professionals regarding the scope of cosmetic facial surgery and the range of cosmetic procedures that an oral and maxillofacial surgeon can perform.

Gender differences in adolescents\u2019 perceptions toward dentists using the Japanese version of the dental beliefs survey: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundWhile adult women show greater dental anxiety than adult men, few studies have examined gender differences in adolescent perceptions of dentists. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the gender differences in adolescents’ perceptions toward dentists by using the Japanese version of the Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) and the factor structure of the DBS.MethodsWe conducted surveys at schools, and 957 Japanese adolescents (403 girls and 554 boys, aged between 13 and 15 years) participated in this study. To assess their confidence in dentists, participants were asked to complete the self-reported, 15-item Japanese version of the DBS. We performed a Welch’s t-test and a one-way analysis of variance to assess differences in DBS scores by gender and age. Factor analysis (principal components, varimax rotation) was used to assess the scale’s factor structure.ResultsA significant gender difference was observed in the DBS scores (P = 0.018), suggesting that boys exhibit greater negative perceptions toward the behavior of dentists than girls. However, there was no significant difference found among ages. The factor analysis yielded two results: Factor 1, “trust” (seven items); and Factor 2, “lack of control” (five items). Notably, the factor structure differed according to gender. As such, by including only factors with eigenvalues above 1.0, the DBS for girls comprised “trust” (seven items) and “communication” (three items), while that for boys comprised “lack of control” (six items) and “belittlement” (six items).ConclusionsThis study identified two factors of differing strengths pertaining to the confidence of Japanese adolescents in dentists. Gender differences in perceptions toward dentists were observed. Accounting for these differences may improve the effectiveness of strategies to lower dental anxiety and foster positive dental beliefs in young patients.

Perceptions of foundation dentists on minor oral surgery teaching in dental foundation training.

The aim of this service evaluation was to explore the experiences of foundation dentists (FDs) during their dental foundation year (DFT) in the field of oral surgery and surgical extractions. A phenomenological approach was taken aiming to explore the FDs' experiences through a qualitative design. All FDs in the region deemed eligible for the evaluation were invited to attend a semi-structured interview or answer a qualitative questionnaire when attending for their exit interview at the completion of DFT. The interviews were then transcribed and thematic analysis was undertaken. 79 FDs took part in the evaluation, representing 86% of trainees eligible for inclusion. Findings showed that not all FDs had the opportunity to undertake surgical extractions independently during the year. Data wasanalysed and 4 main themes generated when evaluating FDs' experiences; specific learning encounters, influence of the educational supervisor, supportive learning environment and ready for independent practice. This evaluation shows that there are a number of factors associated with FDs' experience during DFT, and not all FDs are leaving the training with a positive experience, with a query as to whether they are fulfilling the aims of training to become an "independent practitioner." It poses questions about what can be done to improve future training and what exactly does DFT need to achieve in terms of experience in surgical extractions.

Percepção da prioridade de tratamento periodontal pelo cirurgião dentista na reabilitação oral

Perception of dentists about the priority of periodontal treatment in oral rehabilitation

Perception of occlusal plane that is nonparallel to interpupillary and commissural lines but with the maxillary dental midline ideally positioned

Statement of problemHow disparities in parallelism between the occlusal plane and the interpupillary (IP) or commissural facial front lines are perceived is unclear. PurposeThe purpose of this observational study was to examine the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the anterior occlusal plane (AOP) and posterior occlusal plane (POP) with respect to the IP and commissural line (CL) with the maxillary dental midline ideally positioned. Material and methodsA model of a symmetric female face was digitally created with the IP and CL parallel and the facial midline coincident with the maxillary dental midline. Two groups of images were created, one with the POP modified in 1-degree increments, in which both the maxillary dental midline and the position of the maxillary central incisors were not manipulated, and the other with the POP modified in the same increments but with the position of both maxillary central incisors lengthened to follow the inclination of the occlusal plane. Participants (N=312) were asked to rate the images on a 1-to-6 scale. The Kruskal-Wallis medians test and ordinal logistic regression were used to analyze the ratings. ResultsGroup median ratings for different occupations gradually decreased with increased inclination of the occlusal plane. Significant differences were found for inclinations from 2 to 5 degrees. Significant odd ratios were found for age and sex. ConclusionsDental professionals detected smaller POP disparities. The dentist and dental student groups gave lower ratings in proportion to the amount of POP inclination. Laypersons gave lower ratings only after 3 degrees of POP inclination but still graded all the images as esthetically pleasant. Older people and men tended to give higher ratings to the same image.

Interdisciplinary cooperation between dentists and endocrinologists for identification and management of diabetes mellitus

Background: DM mellitus (DM) leads to worsening periodontal diseases, and in turn the inflammatory diseases of maxillofacial region adversely affect the glycemic control and exacerbate the severity of DM, thereby engendering a vicious cycle that compromises the DM management in patients. Taking account of the bidirectional relationship between DM and periodontal disease, interdisciplinary examination of patients with both DM and periodontal diseases is warranted to improve the health outcomes in patients.
 Aims: This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of dentists and endocrinologists on the interdisciplinary cooperation for identification and management of patients with DM.
 Materials and methods: Studying patients knowledge about DM and their compliance in providing endocrinological recommendations, dental screening survey to identify DM risk and signs The research was done in 2015-2016 years using clinical survey (dental status survey), statistical analysis. 432 patients from different dental organizations and 433 doctors (371 dentists and 62 endocrinologists) took part in the research. The research was approved by Regional research ethics committee. The written informed consent was taken from each participant.
 Results: There was insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration for identification and management of patients with diabetes, and lack of motivation among dental patients to endocrinological survey. Hence, it is important to incorporate definitive screening for risk of DM for patients with inflammatory periodontal disease and include dentists in consultation for patients with DM. The feasibility of statutory determination of collaboration between specialists in identification and management of patients with DM was found, dental lectures are necessary in DM school.
 Conclusions: Our findings suggest the necessity of including dentists in the standard of medical management of patients with DM and incorporating DM screening by a questionnaire upon dental examination.

Perception of smile attractiveness among orthodontists, restorative dentists, and laypersons in Saudi Arabia.

Background:A smile is defined as a universal welcome. The perception of smile attractiveness is affected by the persons' social background and their own experiences. The existing literature states that orthodontists, restorative dentists, and laypersons have different opinions.Aims:The aim of this study is to compare the perception of orthodontists, restorative dentists, and laypersons regarding smile esthetics.Materials and Methods:A survey-based study was conducted. The target population was orthodontists, restorative dentists, and laypersons in Saudi Arabia. An electronic survey that included digitally altered photographs representing different smile parameters was designed by an Adobe Photoshop Certified Expert. Participants were asked to choose the most attractive smile in each question.Results:Unilateral changes in the width or length of the central incisors were the least attractive among the three groups. About 38%, 48%, and 41% of the participating orthodontics, restorative dentists, and laypersons, respectively, found that wider buccal corridors were more attractive. Moreover, 27% of the laypersons found the reversed smile arc to be attractive.Conclusion:The tolerance level in evaluating the asymmetry and the width of the buccal corridors was similar for the three groups. Laypersons were less sensitive to the deviations from the ideal in the smile arc and the amount of lower lip coverage of the incisors.Clinical Significance:Understanding the differences in the perception of smile attractiveness among orthodontists, restorative dentists and laypersons will undoubtedly be beneficial in diagnosis, setting treatment objectives and treatment planning.

Perception of general dentists and laypersons towards altered smile aesthetics.

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to evaluate how dental practitioners and laypersons differ in their perception of altered smile aesthetics based on viewing images of a digitally manipulated smile.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A photograph with close to ideal smile characteristics was selected and digitally manipulated to create changes in buccal corridor space (BCS), midline diastema, gingival display, and midline shift. These altered images were rated by two groups: dental practitioners and lay persons using a visual analogue scale. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of both groups were calculated and the Student's t-test was used to identify any statistically significant differences between the groups. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Science (version 23.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).RESULTS:The dentists were more sensitive to changes in the midline shift than laypeople and provided lower scores. There were no significant differences between the two groups when the gingival display alteration was ≤3 mm. However, for gingival display of 4 mm and 5 mm, there was significant difference between the two groups, with dentist rating them poorer as compared with the laypeople (P < 0.001). Dentists were more sensitive than the laypeople for midline diastema of 2 mm and 3 mm (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005 respectively). Changes in the BCS had minimal impact on the overall esthetic score for both the groups.CONCLUSIONS:Perception of smile esthetics differed between dentists and laypersons.

Choice of material for the treatment of proximal lesions in deciduous molars among paediatric post-graduates and paediatric dentists of Gujarat: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Restoring Class II lesions in deciduous molars has always been a nightmare for the dentist. This survey was designed to understand the perception of dentists regarding the treatment choice. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the choice of material and influencing factors for the treatment of proximal lesions in primary molars. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional web-based survey enclosing nine closed-ended questions was conducted among 180 paediatric dentists and post-graduates of Gujarat. Data were obtained and evaluated at the statistical significance level ofP

The Language Of Silence In The Therapeutic Setting Of Dental Medicine

The aim of the present study is to explore the perceptions associated with the non-verbal communication that is installed in the therapeutic setting of the practice of Dental Medicine, namely to: a) Determine the extent to which non-verbal signals are apprehended both by Dentists and Patients; b) Evaluate the perceptions of Dentists and Patients when exposed to the same non-verbal stimuli; C) Verify the existence of significant differences between Dentists and Patients in the capacity of apprehension of the signs. The results suggest that Patients do not seem to be aware of how they communicate their discomfort through non-verbal language. However, Dentists are aware that their adoption of a discomforting facial expression can condition the Patient's emotional state. Deepening the knowledge of non-verbal communication (NVC) allows Dentists to develop their communication skills, thus increasing the choice of the most appropriate intervention strategies in Dental Medicine Health Care.

Association between children's perceptions of the dentist and dental treatment and their oral health-related quality of life.

To examine children's perceptions of dentists and dental treatment and their association with oral health-related quality of life. Participants were 60 children, aged 8-10 years old, who completed the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8 - 10), Facial Image Scale (FIS) interview, and picture drawing. The children displayed slight fear and anxiety on the FIS (95.0%). A positive view of the dentist (83.4%) and dental treatment (75.0%) was observed through the drawings. The majority of children (96.7%) noted an impact of oral diseases on quality of life, with no significant differences in gender (p = 0.5791) or age (p = 0.1808). No significant associations were observed between the perceptions of the dentist and dental treatment and the impact of oral diseases on quality of life (p = 0.8131). The majority of children had a positive image of the dentist and dental treatment, and this perception was not associated with oral health-related quality of life.