Peripheral Eosinophil Percentage Research Articles

Evaluation of serum levels of interferon beta and nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain 2 gene polymorphism in children with cough asthma phenotype: a case–control study

BackgroundIndividuals with asthma are thought to suffer from a variety of distinct disorders, or phenotypes, each of which is characterized by a unique combination of genetic and environmental factors. Syndromes that are exacerbated by allergens, non-allergic factors, and aspirin, as well as syndromes that are best differentiated by pathologic findings, response to therapy, and natural history, fall into this category. The best course of treatment for an individual patient with asthma can be determined by first determining his or her specific asthma phenotype and its underlying pathophysiology.Aim of the workExplore clinical characteristics, serum INF-β in cough asthma phenotype and allergic march asthmatic children. Also, to assess the association of NOD2 (rs2066845) gene polymorphism among those asthma phenotypes in Egyptian asthmatic children.Patients and methodsThe study included 64 cough phenotypic asthmatic children and 60 allergic march phenotypic asthmatic children in addition to 39 healthy controls (control group). The included children were subjected to full clinical history taking, full clinical examination, assessment of (total serum IgE, CBC for peripheral eosinophil percentage, cytokine profile (serum levels of INF-B), and genetic analysis: SNPs of NOD2 (rs2066845).ResultsThere was a significant increase in G allele frequency, in both homozygous (GG) and heterozygous (GC) states, among asthmatic children of cough and allergic march phenotypes compared to healthy controls, with no significant difference between the two phenotypes. In addition, serum INF-β was significantly lower in cough and allergic march phenotypic asthmatics with GG genotypes versus healthy controls of the same genotype.ConclusionsNOD2 (rs2066845) gene polymorphism is associated with both cough and allergic march asthma phenotypes in Egyptian asthmatic children. It was also shown that G allele may be implicated in asthma pathophysiology.

The early-phase transcriptome and the clinical efficacy analysis in three modes of subcutaneous immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis

BackgroundAllergen immunotherapy is the only etiological treatment for allergic rhinitis. ObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy, safety, and mechanism of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). MethodsThe efficacy, safety, and serum immunological changes of 3 modes of subcutaneous immunotherapy were compared. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transcriptome changes were obtained on the Illumina sequencing platforms. We confirmed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The correlation between the common DEGs and clinical indicators was analyzed by Origin 2022. ResultsThe 3 SCITs were all effective after 1 year. The Combined Symptom and Medication Score (CSMS) and Visual Analog Score (VAS) in rush immunotherapy (RIT) are lowest after 24 and 48 weeks of treatment among the 3 groups. After treatment, the levels of sIgE, sIgE/tIgE, Th2 cytokines, Th17 cytokines, and percentage of peripheral eosinophils (EOS%) decreased significantly (P＜0.05), while the levels of Th1 type cytokines did not change significantly. Transcriptome analysis identified 24, 24, and 91 DEGs at W3 and 42, 52, 175 DEGs at W7 in conventional immunotherapy (CIT), cluster immunotherapy (CLIT), and RIT groups, respectively. The pathways and functions involved in SCIT include secretion of Th1/2 cytokines, immune cell differentiation. Unlike CIT and CLIT, DEGs are also involved in T cell tolerance induction, T cell anergy, and lymphocyte anergy in RIT. CXCR1, CXCR2, and IER3 had a specific effect on reflecting the improvement of symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients with SCIT. ConclusionThe clinical efficacy of RIT appeared earlier than CIT and CLIT. Clinicians can use the highly conserved gene expression profile to evaluate responses to immunotherapy.

Bronchiectasis: A pulmonary disease with systemic consequences.

Bronchiectasis: A pulmonary disease with systemic consequences.

The percentage of peripheral eosinophils as a sensitive marker for differentiating FIGO grade in endometrial adenocarcinomas

Objective:Studies on eosinophils have mostly been directed to parasitic infections and allergic diseases, but the role of eosinophils in oncology has been largely ignored. Eosinophils are an important modulator of the immune response and components of the inflammatory process against the tumor. This study was performed to investigate the pre-operative peripheral blood eosinophil percentages in patients with a histopathologically diagnosed pure endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma.Material and Methods:Patients’ data were analyzed in two groups as present/absent according to whether there are tumor metastases in the adnexes, lymph nodes, cervical stroma, and whether there was lymphovascular space invasion. FIGO grade was taken as the basis of the tumor grade: Low-grade equated to grade 1 or 2, and high-grade equated to grade 3. The requirement for lymph node dissection was based on the Mayo criteria.Results:The data of a total of 268 patients were included. The mean percentage of eosinophils in high-grade patients (n=29) was 2.75±0.35, and was significantly higher than the mean percentage of eosinophils of found in low-grade patients (n=239), which was 1.79±0.09 (p=0.013). Receiver operator curve analysis showed that a cut-off eosinophil percentage of 1.95% resulted in a sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 67% (p=0.004).Conclusion:Eosinophil percentages, which are a simple, easily accessible, and inexpensive can be an important pre-operative predictive tool. Eosinophil percentages can be used in determining the need for surgical staging in endometrial cancer.

Increased B Cell-Activating Factor Expression Is Associated with Postoperative Recurrence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common upper airway inflammatory disease with a high postoperative recurrence rate. This study is aimed at exploring the expression of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) in CRSwNP and its association with postoperative recurrence. Methods A total of 80 CRSwNP patients, including 40 primary CRSwNP patients and 40 recurrent CRSwNP patients, 40 chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) patients, and 40 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study, and the serum and tissue samples were collected. The circulating and tissue BAFF expressions were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Their clinical values for predicting postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP were evaluated. Results We determined serum levels of BAFF were remarkably increased in the CRSwNP group than the CRSsNP and HC groups (P < 0.05), and higher concentrations of BAFF were associated with peripheral eosinophil percentage (r = 0.614, P < 0.001). The serum BAFF concentrations were significantly higher in the recurrent CRSwNP group in comparison with the primary group (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve presented that serum BAFF levels were associated with the postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients (P < 0.05). Moreover, tissue BAFF levels were significantly increased in the CRSwNP group than the HC group, especially in the recurrent CRSwNP group (P < 0.05), and enhanced BAFF RNA expressions were correlated with serum BAFF levels (r = 0.703, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our results elucidated that the BAFF expression was enhanced in CRSwNP patients and associated with postoperative recurrence. BAFF could be a serologic biomarker for predicting postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients.

The Percentage of Peripheral Eosinophils as a Sensitive Marker for Differentiating FIGO Grade in Endometrial Adenocarcinomas

Studies on eosinophils have mostly been directed to parasitic infections and allergic diseases, but the role of eosinophils in oncology has been largely ignored. Eosinophils are an important modulator of the immune response and components of the inflammatory process against the tumor. This study has been done to reveal the relationship between the data of 318 patients whose final pathology result was reported as a pure endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma (EC) and pre-operative peripheral blood eosinophil percentages.The data were analyzed in two groups as present/absent according to whether there are tumor metastases in the adnexes, lymph nodes, cervical stroma, and whether there is lymphovascular space invasion. FIGO grade was taken as basis in the evaluation of the tumor grade; Low-grade defines grade 1 or 2, and high-grade defines grade 3. The requirement for lymph node dissection was designed according to Mayo criteria. SPSS software program was used for statistical analysis.The mean percentage of eosinophils in high-grade patients was 2.75 ± 0.35, and it was statistically significantly higher than the mean percentage of eosinophils of 1.79 ± 0.09 found in low-grade patients (p= 0.013). In the ROC analysis, when the cut-off eosinophil percentage was taken as 1.95%, the sensitivity was calculated as 62% and specificity as 67% (p= 0.004).Eosinophil percentages which are a simple, easily accessible, and inexpensive method can be an important pre-operative predictive tool. Eosinophil percentages can be used in determining the need for surgical staging in EC.

Absolute Increase in the Number and Proportion of Peripheral Eosinophils Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

To clarify the clinical significance of the absolute increase in the number and proportion of peripheral eosinophils associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We performed a retrospective study, by reviewing the medical charts of 191 patients who were treated with ICPI monotherapy and 80 patients treated with the combination of ICPI and chemotherapy during the period from February 2016 and April 2021. In patients treated with ICPI monotherapy, there was a significant difference in time to treatment failure (TTF) between the two groups divided by eosinophils ≥ or <10%. Similarly, a significant difference was found in TTF between the two groups divided by eosinophils ≥ or <1,500/μl. Factors related to both an increase in the number and percentage of peripheral eosinophils were "immune-related adverse effects (irAE) that did not lead to discontinuation of administration". Some patients with irAE might have a 'favorable' absolute increase in peripheral eosinophils.

Artificial intelligence for cellular phenotyping diagnosis of nasal polyps by whole-slide imaging

Backgroundartificial intelligence (AI) for cellular phenotyping diagnosis of nasal polyps by whole-slide imaging (WSI) is lacking. We aim to establish an AI chronic rhinosinusitis evaluation platform 2.0 (AICEP 2.0) to obtain the proportion of inflammatory cells for cellular phenotyping diagnosis of nasal polyps and to explore the clinical significance of different phenotypes of nasal polyps on the WSI. Methodsa total of 453 patients were enrolled in our study. For the development of AICEP 2.0, 179 patients (WSIs) were obtained from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (3HSYSU) from January 2008 to December 2018. A total of 24,625 patches were automatically extracted from the regions of interest under a 400× HPF by Openslide and the number of inflammatory cells in these patches was counted by two pathologists. For the application of AICEP 2.0 in a prospective cohort, 158 patients aged 14–70 years old with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery at 3HSYSU from June 2020 to December 2020 were included for preoperative demographic characteristics. For the application of AICEP 2.0 in a retrospective cohort, 116 patients with CRSwNP who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery from May 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled for the recurrence rate. The proportion of inflammatory cells of these patients on WSI was calculated by our AICEP 2.0. Findingsfor AICEP 2.0, the mean absolute errors of the ratios of eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and plasma cells were 1.64%, 2.13%, 1.06%, and 1.22%, respectively. The four phenotypes of nasal polyps were significantly different in clinical characteristics (including asthma, itching, sneezing, total IgE, peripheral eosinophils%, tissue eosinophils%, tissue neutrophils%, tissue lymphocytes%, tissue plasma cells%, and recurrence rate; P <0.05), but there were no significant differences in age distribution, onset time, total VAS score, Lund-Kennedy score, or Lund-Mackay score. The percentage of peripheral eosinophils was positively correlated with the percentage of tissue eosinophils (r = 0.560, P <0.001) and negatively correlated with tissue lymphocytes% (r = -0.489, P <0.001), tissue neutrophils% (r = -0.225, P = 0.005), and tissue plasma cells% (r = -0.266, P = 0.001) in WSIs.

Role of inhaled corticosteroids in reducing exacerbations in bronchiectasis patients with blood eosinophilia pooled post-hoc analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials

Role of inhaled corticosteroids in reducing exacerbations in bronchiectasis patients with blood eosinophilia pooled post-hoc analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials

Epidemiological and immunological study of nasal polyposis among allergic patients in Babylon province: Cross-sectional study.

To determine the prevalence of nasal polyposis among allergic patients, and to investigate the impact of polyposis on allergic inflammatory markers. The cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2019 at the Asthma and Allergy Centre, Babylon, Iraq, and comprised patients aged 15-71 years with allergic asthma and or allergic rhinitis. The patients were divided into two groups; A with nasal polyposis, and B without nasal polyposis. Other than demographical data, total serum immuglobulin E, and blood eosinophil percentage were collected. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Of the 240 patients, 81(33.8%) were in group A, and 159(66.2%) were in group B. The overall mean age of the sample was 35.9±13.8 years. The overall mean immunoglobulin E level was 221±141 and the mean peripheral eosinophil percentage was 4±1.68. Prevalence of nasal polyposis increased with age (p<0.05), but was not affected by gender or residency (p>0.05). The markers increased significantly in the presence of polyposis in patients with respiratory allergy (p<0.05). Nasal polyposis was found to be highly prevalent in patients with respiratory allergy and the combined presence of these two diseases caused additional increment in allergic markers.

Predictive value of computed tomography in the recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a nasal disease with a high tendency for recurrence. The aim of this study was to compare the use of computed tomography (CT) scan with other clinical parameters in predicting the recurrence of CRSwNP. A total of 272 consecutive CRSwNP patients undergoing endoscopic functional sinus surgery were recruited. The demographic characteristics and clinical parameters, including CT scores, level of exhaled nitric oxide, and peripheral eosinophilia, were recorded. The degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the sinus mucosa was evaluated. Two hundred thirty of the 272 patients completed the study (118 patients with recurrence and 112 patients with no recurrence). The average follow-up time was 24 months after the first surgery. The 2 groups were not significantly different with respect to age, gender distribution, comorbid allergy, exhaled oral fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels, nasal obstruction/runny nose/headache/facial pain scores, Lund-Mackay score, peripheral eosinophil percentage, and peripheral eosinophil absolute count. The onset of surgical history and asthma, visual analog scores of CRS, anosmia score, ratio of total ethmoid sinus scores for both sides and maxillary sinus score for both sides (E/M ratio), Lund-Kennedy score, tissue eosinophil percentage, and tissue eosinophil absolute count were significantly higher in the recurrence group. The E/M ratio showed high accuracy as a predictor for CRSwNP recurrence. The cut-off point of 2.55 for E/M ratio indicated the highest predictive value of CRSwNP recurrence. The E/M ratio is a useful predictor for the recurrence of CRSwNP in the Chinese population.

Immune response against subclinical haemonchosis in Himalayan hill goats

Haemonchosis commonly occurs as chronic and subclinical infection in small ruminants, and understanding of immunological response against subclinical haemonchosis is of paramount importance for designing and implementing effective control strategies. The present study was designed to evaluate immunological response during subclinical haemonchosis, experimentally established in goats. Sixteen 5–6 month-old helminth naive kids were randomly allocated into one of two groups, infected and uninfected; the infected group being infected per os with 250 Haemonchus contortus larvae per kg body weight. Faecal, blood and serum samples were collected every third day up to 30 days post-infection (DPI), thereafter weekly up to 58 DPI to record changes in faecal egg count (FEC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), peripheral eosinophil percentage and immunological parameters, such as macrophage cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, 13, 25, 33) and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgE). Pre-patent period of H. contortus in the present study was 18 days and eggs per gram (EPG) peaked on 30 DPI. The total reduction in body weight gain in the infected group was 26 g per day when compared with uninfected animals. Hb (7.35 ± 0.34 g/dL in infected animals compared with 9.76 ± 0.67 in control animals) and PCV levels (22 ± 1.54 g/dL in infected animals compared with 29.2 ± 1.27 in control animals) decreased significantly up to 44 DPI in infected group (P = 0.000). IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, IgG and IgE showed significant increase in infected animals at different periods. IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-25 did not show any significant changes barring a steep rise of IFN-γ on 27 DPI. A positive correlation was observed between IgE and IL-4 in subclinical haemonchosis. Of particular note was that all the major cytokines, such as IFN-γ (P = 0.000), IL-4 (P = 0.000), IL-13 (P = 0.009), and both IgG (P = 0.000) and IgE (P = 0.003), were observed at the lowest concentration on 24 DPI. The effect of infection was found to be significant on cytokines with a strong interaction with time. Taken together, the data suggest that Th2 immune response is predominating in subclinical haemonchosis. The economic loss in term of body weight gain due to subclinical haemonchosis was considerable.

Allergy accelerates the disease progression of chronic rhinosinusitis

Background: The role of allergy in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in East Asians is not clear.Aims/objectives: The aim was to investigate the impact of allergies in the clinical characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis.Material and methods: A total of 138 CRS patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were included. A brief history of rhinosinusitis symptoms, blood eosinophil count, blood-specific allergen tests, computed tomography (CT) scan findings, Lund-Mackay (LM) CT scores, and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) Questionnaire scores, and sinoscopy findings at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.Results: The ImmunoCAP test was positive in 71(51%) patients and negative in 67(49%) patients. The mean age of those who received endoscopic sinus surgery was 7-years younger in the allergic group compared with the non-allergic group (p = .008). The peripheral eosinophil count in the allergic group was higher than that of the non-allergic group (p = .008). The LM scores and SNOT-22 scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The recurrence rate of nasal polyps in the allergic group was higher but without statistical significance.Conclusions and significance: Allergy may accelerate the disease progression of CRS. The presence of the serum-specific IgE was correlated with peripheral eosinophil percentage, especially in the CRSwNP patients.

Gene expression profile analysis involved in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis by using bioinformatics method as a novel way of drug screening

Objective: To analyze the dynamic changes of the clinical features of chronic rhinosinusitis in recent 10 years, so as to deeply understand the characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to provide new ideas for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Method: This retrospective study was performed in patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis and enrolled. General information, clinical examination and pathological results were all collected, then patients' age, gender, the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, peripheral eosinophil percentage, olfactory dysfunction and pathological results were statistically analyzed. Result: 1 955 patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) were enrolled in this study, including 570 patients in 2006, 583 patients in 2010, and 802 patients in 2015. There were no obvious changes of age structure in these patients in three years. And there was no significant change in sex ratio as well. The proportions of patients with CRS concomitant with asthma were obviously increased in 10 years, which was 3.51% in 2006, 7.55% in 2010, and 17.58% in 2015. The proportions of patients with allergic rhinitis were also increased, which was 10.35% in 2006, 8.75% in 2010, and 14.09% in 2015. Peripheral eosinophil ratio was increased significantly in these patients after 2010. The proportions of ECRS in CRS were elevated in 2015 and almost doubled compared to 2006. Olfactory dysfunction increased significantly in 2015. Conclusion: In recent 10 years, there were obvious changes of clinical features of CRS. The proportion of patients with CRS concomitant with asthma showed a gradual increasing trend. ECRS significantly increased than it was 10 years ago. Olfactory dysfunction also increased significantly. In order to improve the therapeutic effect of CRS, it is necessary to strengthen the treatment of upper and lower airway inflammation related with eosinophil.

The changes of clinical characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis in recent 10 years

Objective: To analyze the dynamic changes of the clinical features of chronic rhinosinusitis in recent 10 years, so as to deeply understand the characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to provide new ideas for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Method: This retrospective study was performed in patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis and enrolled. General information, clinical examination and pathological results were all collected, then patients' age, gender, the incidence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, peripheral eosinophil percentage, olfactory dysfunction and pathological results were statistically analyzed. Result: 1 955 patients who were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) were enrolled in this study, including 570 patients in 2006, 583 patients in 2010, and 802 patients in 2015. There were no obvious changes of age structure in these patients in three years. And there was no significant change in sex ratio as well. The proportions of patients with CRS concomitant with asthma were obviously increased in 10 years, which was 3.51% in 2006, 7.55% in 2010, and 17.58% in 2015. The proportions of patients with allergic rhinitis were also increased, which was 10.35% in 2006, 8.75% in 2010, and 14.09% in 2015. Peripheral eosinophil ratio was increased significantly in these patients after 2010. The proportions of ECRS in CRS were elevated in 2015 and almost doubled compared to 2006. Olfactory dysfunction increased significantly in 2015. Conclusion: In recent 10 years, there were obvious changes of clinical features of CRS. The proportion of patients with CRS concomitant with asthma showed a gradual increasing trend. ECRS significantly increased than it was 10 years ago. Olfactory dysfunction also increased significantly. In order to improve the therapeutic effect of CRS, it is necessary to strengthen the treatment of upper and lower airway inflammation related with eosinophil.

Eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an exacerbation marker.

AimIncreased dyspnea, sputum volume, and purulence are subjective symptoms in COPD patients. To diagnose COPD exacerbations with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) and to assess the requirement for antibiotic treatment, physicians require more objective criteria. We aimed to investigate whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as an infectious exacerbation marker in COPD patients with CRF.Patients and methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in the intensive care outpatient clinic of a tertiary training hospital between 2014 and 2015. Patients admitted with CRF due to COPD and who had complete blood count (CBC) results were enrolled. CBC results and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were obtained from the hospital online database. The “modified exacerbation model (MEM)” was defined as follows: exacerbation A, leukocytes ≥12,000/mm3, CRP >10 mg/dL; exacerbation B, leukocytes ≥10,000/mm3, CRP >10 mg/dL; exacerbation C, leukocytes ≥10,000/mm3, CRP >8 mg/dL; exacerbation D, leukocytes ≥10,000/mm3, CRP >5 mg/dL. The cutoff value of NLR was defined for each model. Patients were split into two groups based on the NLR cutoff value according to the “NLR exacerbation model” and further subgrouped according to peripheral eosinophil percentage (eosinophils ≥2% and <2%) and compared with the MEM.ResultsA total of 1,066 COPD patients (430 females, 40.3%), with a mean age of 66±13 years, were included. A NLR cutoff value of 3.54 (NLR ≥3.54, n=366, 34%) showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for model A (78%, 69%), model B (63%, 71%), model C (61%, 72%), and model D (58%, 72%). Peripheral eosinophilia (PE ≥2%) was present in 48 patients (4.5%). The ratio of patients with PE <2% in the NLR ≥3.54 group was significantly higher in the MEM (P<0.001).ConclusionThe NLR presents an attractive option as an exacerbation marker in COPD patients with CRF due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. In COPD patients with CRF, where the NLR is ≥3.54, PE levels are <2%, and subjective symptoms are present, antibiotic treatment should be considered.

Evaluation of aspirin hypersensitivity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Conclusion The recurrence rates of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were higher in the aspirin nasal provocation test (ANPT)-positive group, regardless of the presence of nasal polyps. Thus, a careful endoscopic examination is required during follow-up in ANPT-positive patients with CRS. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and prognosis after surgical treatment in patients with CRS and aspirin hypersensitivity. Methods In a prospective study, 100 patients were analyzed with CRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at the hospital from October 2012 to March 2013. This study measured changes in nasal volume and symptoms before and after the ANPT and examined patient’s asthma history, allergy, Lund–Mackay score (LMS), total immunoglobulin E, percentage of peripheral eosinophils, and objectively measured relapse at 6 months. Results Patients wwith CRS and nasal polyps (CRSwNP) were more likely to have a positive ANPT test result compared to those without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) (21.4% vs 5.5%). The ANPT-positive group had a higher LMS and required more revision endoscopic sinus surgery than those in the ANPT-negative group. The results were that similar results were observed in CRSwNP and CRSsNP.

Significance of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundChronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is characterized by chronic eosinophilic infiltration of the lung. It is dramatically responsive to corticosteroid treatment, but symptoms and radiopacities recur frequently after tapering or discontinuing the medication. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a well-known noninvasive marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the relationships of FeNO with peripheral eosinophilia and the clinical state of CEP and its validity for predicting exacerbation of CEP.MethodsStandard clinical and laboratory parameters, peripheral eosinophil percentage and count, and FeNO level were measured in 18 patients with CEP at several assessment points over 1 year.ResultsFeNO level was positively correlated with peripheral eosinophil count (r = 0.341, P = 0.005) and percentage (r = 0.362, P = 0.003). The median (IQR) FeNO levels were 79 (41–88) and 35 (26–49) ppb in uncontrolled (13/74 measurements) and controlled (61/74 measurements) CEP, respectively (P = 0.010). The FeNO level of 66.0 ppb showed the largest area under the curve (0.835) for predicting exacerbation of CEP (sensitivity = 0.80, specificity = 0.84).ConclusionFeNO may be useful for monitoring eosinophilic parenchymal inflammation and determining the appropriate corticosteroid dose in CEP.

Correlation of immunoglobulin E levels and peripheral eosinophilia with paranasal sinus mucosal disease

EnAbstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess whether total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and peripheral eosinophilia correlate with the extent of sinus mucosal disease on computed tomography (CT) of paranasal sinuses. Patients and methods CT scans were performed; total IgE and peripheral eosinophil levels were measured for all patients. The relationships between peripheral eosinophilia, total IgE levels, and the presence of mucosal disease on sinus CT imaging were also determined. Results The total IgE did not correlate with CT stage of the disease, whereas there was a significant moderate positive correlation between CT stage and peripheral eosinophil levels. Conclusion The data suggest that eosinophil levels contribute toward mucosal inflammation in paranasal sinuses and the presence of peripheral eosinophilia in patients with sinusitis indicates a high likelihood of extensive disease. However, IgE levels did not correlate with CT scan findings. Calculation of the percentage of peripheral eosinophils by measurement of the differential leukocyte count is a simple, easy, and rapid technique for assessment of the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Eosinophil inversely associates with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Chinese adults.

ContextLimited population-based study focused on relationship between eosinophil and type 2 diabetes (T2D).ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the relationship between peripheral eosinophil percentage and glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in a large sample size of Chinese population aged 40 and older.Design and MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed among 9,111 Chinese adults including 3,561 men and 5,550 women. The glucose metabolism status was confirmed by 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index and serum insulin levels were used to evaluate insulin resistance. Homeostasis model assessment-B was used to evaluate β cell function.ResultsThe average age of participants was 58.5 years. The prevalence of T2D decreased across the tertiles of eosinophil percentage (21.3%, 18.2% and 16.9%, P<0.0001). Each one tertile increase of eosinophil percentage inversely associated with risk of T2D when referred not only to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.76–0.87, P< 0.0001), but also to impaired glucose regulation (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83–0.97, P = 0.006), respectively, after adjustment for the confounding factors. Compared with the first tertile, the third tertile of eosinophil percentage associated with a 23% decrease of insulin resistance in NGT participants after full adjustments (P = 0.005). Each 1-standard deviation of increment of eosinophil percentage associated with a 37% decrease of insulin resistance (P = 0.005).ConclusionsHigher peripheral eosinophil percentage was associated with decreased risk of T2D. The inverse relation to insulin resistance was detected in NGT participants.