Percentage Of Food Waste Research Articles

Factors Related To Food Waste in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Imanuel Hospital Lampung

Background: According to the survey, the percentage of food waste’s diabetes melitus patients in the Imanuel Hospital of Bandar lampung was 38% and still have not reached the minimum service standars (<20%). Objective: This study aimsed to analyze the factors associated with food waste in diabetes melitus patients in Hospital Imanuel. Methods: Descriptive analytic research using cross sectional study design. The study used 50 samples was take with purposive sampling. The age, sex, food appearance, taste of food and service providers data were obtained by questionnaires, and food waste data were obtained by comstock form. The data analysis used was descriptive and inferential using the Chi Square statistical test. Results: About 46% of patients was 56-65 years old, and 78% was sex women. Leftovers from patients in the good category were 15 respondents (30%) while those who had leftovers that were not good were 35 respondents (70%). There was significant association between appearance of food (p-value=0,005) and taste of food (p-value=0,002) with the food waste. There was no significant association between service providers (p-value=0,776) with the food waste. Conclusion: Factors related to leftovers from diabetes mellitus patients at Immanuel Hospital are the appearance and taste of the food . Therefore, these two variables need to be considered in order to minimize food waste in diabetes mellitus patients at Immanuel Hospital.

Enhancement of Biogas Production Through Solid-State Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste and Corn Cobs

Although biogas has been primarily produced through liquid anaerobic digestion, this method leads to the floating and stratification of fibers and non-homogeneous mixing, which can reduce the biogas yield. Alternatively, biogas can be produced by the solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) of organic material with a high solid content, such as corn cobs. We investigated the co-digestion of food waste and corn cobs as a biomass feedstock for SS-AD in biogas production. We measured the effects of the total solid (TS) content, percentage of food waste, and reduction in volatile solids (VS), from which we determined its appropriate kinetic model. We found that the SS-AD of food waste with corn cobs produced a high biogas yield of 543 mL/g VS at a TS content of 22% and a food waste content of 20%. The first-order kinetics model for biogas production during SS-AD of the tested corn cob and food waste yielded an R2 value in the range of 0.91–0.94. The main contributor to the biogas production during the SS-AD of the corn cobs and food waste was the reduction in VS. A positive linear relationship was observed between the biogas yield and the reduction of VS.

TINJAUAN KRITIS TERHADAP PEMBOROSAN PANGAN: BESARAN, PENYEBAB, DAMPAK, DAN STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN

<p>Food loss and waste are the indicators of the 12 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) goals: ensure sustainable food consumption and production patterns. Indonesia is committed to achieving the targets set out in the SDGs, one of which is target 12.3: to reduce food loss and waste by half by 2030. Achieving this target is beneficial for attaining national food and nutrition security and environmental sustainability. This paper is a scientific review to analyse the magnitude, causes, impacts, and policy strategies for reducing food waste. The analysis results show that the percentage of food waste in the last two decades has tended to increase. The most significant proportion of food waste occurs at the household level. The leading cause is household food consumption patterns. It ranges from planning, purchasing, and processing up to consumption. Food waste has an impact not only on individuals but also on society in the form of economic, social and environmental losses. Therefore, efforts to reduce food waste should be comprehensive and sustainable, considering that changing people's food consumption behaviour takes a relatively long time. Another action is to change the mindset of each individual toward the value of food through formal education from an early age and non-formal socialisation by utilising various communication media.</p>

Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills in a global perspective: Characteristics, influential factors and environmental risks

Landfilling is one of the most common measures for disposing municipal solid waste, while the environmental leakage of landfill leachate, a kind of wastewater with complex compositions and high-level pollutants, has become a crucial eco-environmental issue all over the world. Understanding the profiles of landfill leachate can be useful for promoting sustainable municipal solid waste management, however, there are very few studies at a global level because of data insufficiency. In this work, we established a global database on the physicochemical characteristics of landfill leachate from academic literature, including 1251 pieces of data from 236 provinces or cities in 51 countries. Concentrations of typical pollutants in landfill leachate were aggregated by different categories of countries, climate zones, and landfill ages. Correlations between typical leachate pollutants (chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand after five days, ammonia nitrogen, sulfate, chloridion, potassium, cadmium, chromium, ferrum, nickel, and lead) and their influential factors (mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, landfill age, and the fraction of food waste) were analysed; and the environmental risks led by landfill leachate were assessed. Results showed that: (1) landfill leachate in developing countries at the dry temperature zone, as well as the moist and wet tropical zone, contained higher concentrations of chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand after five days; (2) the percentage of food waste, as an influential factor, has a positive correlation with typical landfill leachate pollutants, with R2 varying from 0.07 to 0.18, indicating its high potential on transforming organic fraction in solid waste into leachate; (3) In regard to the environmental risk resulted from landfill leachate, the groundwater and surface water had greater risks than soil environment nearby the landfill. Besides, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, ferrum, chloridion and heavy metals, especially arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and manganese were dominating pollutants in groundwater and surface water. This work provides valuable data and parameters of global landfill leachate, which could be helpful to mitigate pollution from landfills and achieve the goals of sustainable municipal solid waste management.

The Factors that Related with Occurrence Food Waste of Diabetes Militus Patients

According to the survey, the percentage of food waste’s diabetes militus patients in the Imanuel Hospital of Bandar lampung still have not reached the minimum service standars. This study aimsed to analyze the factors associated with food waste in diabetes militus patients in Hospital Imanuel. This is a descriptive analytic study using a cross sectional research design. The sample of this study was 50 patients who suffered diabetes mellitus and were hospitalized. The sample is taken = by purposive sampling. The Analysis of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable is done by using the chi square test. Data on age, gender, appearance of food, taste of food and attitude of officers were obtained through a questionnaire while leftover food was obtained through the Comstock form. Of the totat sampels from 50 th 46% 56 years old, and 78% sex women.The results of correlation test there is a significant association between appearance of food (p value 0,005) and taste of food (p value 0,002) with the food waste. There were no significant associations between service providers (p value 0,776) with the food waste.

Will We Soon Run Out of Water?

In 2000, the World population was 6.2 billion; it reached 7 billion in 2012 and should reach 9.5 billion (±0.4) in 2050 and 11 billion (±1.5) in 2100, according to UN projections. The trend after 2100 is still one of global demographic growth, but after 2060, Africa would be the only continent where the population would still increase. The amount of water consumed annually to produce the food necessary to meet the needs varies greatly between countries, from about 600 to 2,500 m³/year per capita, depending on their wealth, their food habits (particularly meat consumption), and the percentage of food waste they generate. In 2000, the total food production was on the order of 3,300 million tons (in cereal equivalents). In 2019, about 0.8 billion inhabitants of the planet still suffer from hunger and do not get the nutrition they need to be in good health or, in the case of children, to grow properly (both physically and intellectually). Assuming a World average water consumption for food of 1,300 m³/year per capita in 2000, 1,400 m³/year in 2050, and 1,500 m³/year in 2100, a volume of water of around 8,200 km³/year was needed in 2000, 13,000 km³/year will be needed in 2050, and 16,500 km³/year in 2100. Will that much water be available on earth? Can there be conflicts related to a food deficit? Some preliminary answers and scenarios for food production will be given from a hydrologist viewpoint.

Cutting GHG Emissions at Student Housing in Central Mexico through Solid Waste Management

Solid waste characterisation studies have been conducted at the household or municipal level, but fewer studies have assessed the composition of solid waste within institutions of higher education or university student residences. Studies carried out in universities usually refer to the academic buildings, yet, reports of waste characterisation from student housing and the associated greenhouse gas emissions are scarce. The goal of this work was to present a study case where both equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2eq) emissions and waste reductions were successfully attained in student housing after implementation of a solid waste management strategy. Two waste characterisation studies were carried out, before and after a waste management program was implemented to reduce waste generation. The waste generation per capita (GPC) per day was estimated at 1.5 kg for the first study (2014) and 1.1 kg for the second (2015); in addition, 87% of the waste stream was diverted from the landfill through vermicomposting and recycling. The percentage of food waste used for vermicomposting was 2.83%. The CO2eq emissions in 2014 were estimated at 12,624 kg CO2eq (0.43 kg/capita/day) and 761 kg for 2015 (0.03 kg/capita/day). Appropriate solid waste management was revealed to have a fundamental role in cutting indirect CO2eq emissions.

Water and Food in the Twenty-First Century

In 2000, the World population was 6.2 billion people; it reached 7 billion in 2012 and is expected to reach 9.5 billion (±0.4) in 2050 and 11 billion (±1.5) in 2100, according to the 2012 UN projections (Gerland et al. in Science 346:234–237, 2014). The trend after 2100 is still one of the global demographic growths, but after 2060, Africa is the only continent where the population would still increase. The amount of water consumed annually to produce the food necessary to meet the needs of the populations varies greatly between countries, from about 600 to 2500 m3/year per capita (Zimmer in L’empreinte eau. Les faces cachees d’une ressource vitale. Charles Leopold Meyer, Paris, 2013), depending on their wealth, their food habits, and the percentage of food waste they generate (on average, 30 % of the food produced is wasted). In 2000, the total food production was on the order of 3300 million tons (in cereal equivalents). In 2014, it is estimated that about 0.8 billion inhabitants of the planet suffer from hunger (FAO in World agriculture: towards 2030–2050. FAO, Rome, 2014. http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/Y3557E/y3557e00.HTM ) and do not get the nutrition they need to be in good health or, in the case of children, to grow properly (both physically and intellectually). This food deficit was on the order of 40 million tons of cereal equivalents in 2014. The number of inhabitants with a food deficit was about 0.85 billion before the 2008 crisis and was decreasing annually, but it increased abruptly after 2008 up to 1 billion inhabitants and is slowly decreasing now. Assuming a World average water consumption for food of 1300 m3/year per capita in 2000, 1400 m3/year in 2050, and 1500 m3/year in 2100, a volume of water of around 8200 km3/year was needed in 2000, 13,000 km3/year will be needed in 2050, and 16,500 km3/year in 2100 (Marsily in L’eau, un tresor en partage. Dunod, Paris, 2009). Can bioenergy be added to food production? Will that much water be available on Earth, and where will it come from? Is climate change going to modify the answers to these questions? Can severe droughts occur? Can there be conflicts related to a food deficit? Some preliminary answers and scenarios for food production will be given in this paper from a hydrologist’s viewpoint.

Applying lean thinking in the food supply chains: a case study

The purpose of the study was to examine the adoption and implementation of lean thinking in food supply chains. Since the majority of food companies are small and medium enterprises (SMEs), a lean action plan was developed taking into account the particularities of SMEs. The methodology used was a case study research of a UK tea company. An action research approach was adopted to study the lean process and diagnose the problems which occurred during lean implementation. This study developed a lean action plan with three stages: (a) planning for lean; (b) interim lean diagnosis and (c) lean operations and control. The first stage includes the following steps: find a change agent, get the knowledge, find a lever and suspend grand strategy. Interim lean diagnosis revealed issues with top management support, expert knowledge and operational easiness. The last stage, lean operations and control, includes the following steps: (i) re-define value, (ii) map process activities and value streams, (iii) detect waste, (iv) develop an ideal state of production and supply chain operations and (v) control lean operations. The potential contribution of lean food small and medium companies can be enormous given the percentage of food waste across supply chains. The contribution of this study is threefold: (a) it develops a new lean action plan for small and medium companies; (b) it sheds light on how lean thinking can be applied in the food sector and can achieve substantial waste reductions; (c) it tests a unique reflecting methodology using action case research to gather, interpret and develop reflective learning.

Municipal solid waste management in Beijing: characteristics and challenges

An overview of the municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Beijing, a city with a resident population of about 19.61 million in 2010, is presented in the article. Economic development and population growth have resulted in a MSW generation increase from 2.96 million tons in 2000 to 6.20 million tons in 2007, fluctuating to 6.35 million tons in 2010. The components of MSW over the past decade are characterized by increasing food and paper contents, and a decreasing ash content. The percentage of food waste, the main putrescible component, increased steadily from 45.77% in 2002 to 66.98% in 2010. Combustible materials, such as plastic, paper, textile, wood and food waste, accounted for 94.66% of MSW in 2008. There are 15 landfill sites, 2 incinerators and 2 composting plants in Beijing, with a total designed capacity of 15,380 tons/day in 2010. The main waste disposal technology used in Beijing is landfill, which accounts for 92.27% of the total designed capacity in 2008 and 78.54% in 2009. The designed capacity of the existing disposal plants cannot cope with the actual quantity of waste generation, resulting in overloading and premature closure of landfill sites. Solid waste incineration has been given priority in technology development and financial support over other disposal methods.

Solid state anaerobic co-digestion of yard waste and food waste for biogas production

Food and yard wastes are available year round at low cost and have the potential to complement each other for SS-AD. The goal of this study was to determine optimal feedstock/effluent (F/E) and food waste/yard waste mixing ratios for optimal biogas production. Co-digestion of yard and food waste was carried out at F/E ratios of 1, 2, and 3. For each F/E ratio, food waste percentages of 0%, 10%, and 20%, based on dry volatile solids, were evaluated. Results showed increased methane yields and volumetric productivities as the percentage of food waste was increased to 10% and 20% of the substrate at F/E ratios of 2 and 1, respectively. This study showed that co-digestion of food waste with yard waste at specific ratios can improve digester operating characteristics and end performance metrics over SS-AD of yard waste alone.