Percentage Of Motility Research Articles

FRESH AND CRYOPRESERVED SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF BUFFALO BULLS AS INFLUENCED BY MELATONIN IMPLANTATION

This study explored the effect of melatonin implantation on the fresh and cryopreserved semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Nine adult bulls were used and divided equally into three groups. The first group was left without treatment and regarded as control (T1), whereas the second (T2) and third (T3) groups were subcutaneously implanted with 72 and 90 mg of melatonin respectively on the left ear base and repeated one month post the first implantation. Semen was collected for 12 weeks and evaluated weekly for fresh, cooling, and post-cryopreserved (PC) protocols. The T3 group exhibited a higher (P≤0.05) sperm cell individual motility percentage, whereas, the T1 and T2 groups recorded better (P≤0.05) sperm acrosome integrity percentage for fresh semen. A lesser (P≤0.05) total sperm abnormality (TSA) percentage in the T2 and T3 groups and a greater (P≤0.05) sperm acrosome integrity (SAI) percentage in the T3 group were noticed during the cooling preservation. Moreover, the T3 group exhibited a lesser (P≤0.05) TSA percentage whereas, the T2 and T3 groups revealed a leaser (P≤0.05) SAI percentage during the PC period. Concomitantly, lower (P≤0.05) PC malondialdehyde concentration in seminal plasma was observed in the T2 and T3 groups than control group. In conclusion, the melatonin implantation (72 and 90 mg) ameliorated some fresh and PC semen attributes of the Iraqi buffalo bulls.

Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Rooster Semen Cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation of avian semen is a useful reproductive technique in the poultry industry. However, during cooling, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels have destructive effects on both quality and function of thawed sperm. The aim of the current study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during rooster semen cryopreservation. Semen samples were collected from ten Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters (32 weeks) and mixed. The mixed samples were divided into five equal parts and cryopreserved in Lake Buffer extender that contained different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mM) of NAC. The optimum concentration of NAC was determined based on quality parameters of mobility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential after the freeze-thaw process. There was a higher percentage (p < 0.05) of total motility (TM) (60.9 ± 2.4%) and progressive motility (PM) (35.6 ± 1.9%) observed with the NAC-0.1 group compared to the other groups. Significantly higher percentages of viability (74.4 ± 2.3% and 71 ± 2.3%), membrane integrity (76.4 ± 1.5% and 74.7 ± 1.5%) and mitochondrial membrane potential (67.1 ± 1.6% and 66.3 ± 1.6%) were observed in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other frozen groups (p < 0.05). The lowest percentage of lipid peroxidation and nonviable sperm was found in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and acrosome integrity, were not affected by different concentrations of NAC in the thawed sperm (p > 0.05). Both NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 appear to be beneficial for maintaining the quality of rooster sperm after thawing.

Effect of exogenous melatonin implant on post-thaw semen quality of buffalo bulls.

Melatonin is an intracellular antioxidant of sperm membrane that protects the cells from lipid peroxidation. Yet, its role as an antioxidant on semen quality of buffalo bulls is still obscure. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of exogenous melatonin implant (18 mg/50 kg bodyweight) on post-thaw sperm characteristics, oxidative stress, endocrinological profiles and fertility of buffalo bulls. Six apparently healthy breeding Murrah buffalo bulls were randomly selected at bull farm, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for the present study and divided into two groups viz. control (n = 3) and melatonin implanted group (n = 3). A total of 120 ejaculates were collected from bulls of both groups (n = 60 each) throughout the study period. Most beneficial effects of melatonin implants were observed during post-implantation period. The percentages of post-thaw sperm total and progressive motility, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential were higher (p < .05) in melatonin implanted buffalo bulls compared to controls during post-implantation period. Following melatonin implantation, MDA production in post-thaw semen was lower (p < .05) in melatonin implanted group than in control group. Plasma melatonin and testosterone concentrations were higher (p < .05) in buffalo bulls implanted with melatonin as compared to their control counterparts. No differences (p > .05) in plasma LH concentrations were observed in both groups. First service pregnancy rate was 43.3% using semen of melatonin implanted bulls and 30.0% with semen of controls (p > .05). Thus, melatonin was able to protect sperm membrane against oxidative damage and improve post-thaw semen quality, thereby resulting in higher fertilizing potential of spermatozoa.

Do milt storage techniques affect the quality of carp spermatozoa during short-term storage?

Short-term storage and management of milt are crucial parts of hatchery practice. There is speculation that sperm stored in a small Eppendorf could not retain their optimal performance compared to those stored in a 50 ml cell culture flask (CCF), thus raising the question of discrepancy between laboratory and hatchery conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to compare sperm quality parameters, such as osmolality and the ionic composition of seminal plasma, spermatozoa motility and its ability to maintain the volume under various osmotic conditions (310, 230, 150, 90, and 20 mOsm/kg) in fresh sperm and after its storage for 24 h in 1.5 ml Eppendorf or 50 ml CCF at 4 °C without any extender. Freshly collected sperm had higher motility percentages at each osmotic condition than 24 h stored sperm in Eppendorf and CCF. There was no significant difference in spermatozoa motility at various osmotic conditions except 90 mOsm/kg osmolality. Besides, VCL, VSL, VAP, and LIN of spermatozoa, osmolality, and ionic composition of seminal plasma did not significantly differ between these two containers. This study suggested no difference between sperm stored in an Eppendorf or CCF regarding sperm functionality.

The deleterious effects of sofosbuvir and ribavirin (antiviral drugs against hepatitis C virus) on different body systems in male albino rats regarding reproductive, hematological, biochemical, hepatic, and renal profiles and histopathological changes

Sofosbuvir is one of the crucial drugs used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in adults and children with compensated liver disease, including cirrhosis. It may be used alone or with other drugs. Ribavirin is an antiviral medication used to treat HCV infection. It is not effective when used alone and must be used in combination with other medications, such as sofosbuvir. This study pertains to a comprehensive assessment of the deleterious effects of sofosbuvir (an antiviral drug against chronic HCV) or sofosbuvir combined with ribavirin (an antiviral drug against RNA and DNA viruses) on several biological activities of the body, including hematological, hormonal, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations during a long-standing period on male healthy rats. In addition, fertility assessments were performed, including sperm collections and semen parameter investigations. This study was conducted on 21 male rats divided into three equal groups. Group I (control group) received distilled water; group II (sofosbuvir group) received sofosbuvir (4 mg/kg); and group III (sofosbuvir + ribavirin) received sofosbuvir (4 mg/kg) plus ribavirin (30 ml/kg). All groups received the specific drug for six months. Blood and tissue samples were collected for hematological, hormonal, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations. In addition, sperm collection and assessments of semen parameters were performed. Results revealed that sofosbuvir causes a highly significant decrease in the mean of most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters, except for a few numbers of parameters such as neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, cortisol, GOT, and lipase, which exhibit a significant increase. The same occurred in the sofosbuvir + ribavirin group, but at much higher levels, as most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters exhibit a highly significant decrease except for monocytes, triglyceride, and lipase, which exhibit a significant increase. When compared to the sofosbuvir group alone, the sofosbuvir + ribavirin group demonstrated a highly significant decline in the mean of most hematological, immunological, hormonal, and biochemical parameters except lymphocytes and triglycerides, which exhibit a substantial increase. For the reproductive parameters, both groups exhibit a significant decrease in the total sperm motility percentage. Finally, it can be concluded that sofosbuvir causes acute pancreatitis and combined immunodeficiency. Ribavirin is associated with hormonal deficiency, which indicates the occurrence of hypopituitarism. Moreover, sofosbuvir and ribavirin synergistically affect myelosuppression and cause iron-deficiency anemia. However, sofosbuvir, or its combination with ribavirin, is associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Besides, adding ribavirin to be combined with sofosbuvir improved the immunodeficiency caused by sofosbuvir; this confirms that using ribavirin with sofosbuvir reduces the side effects of both alone.

Effect of Different Natural Extenders in Maintaining the Quality of Sperm Fish (Cyprinus carpio)

High demand on as consume fish nor as decorative fish, causes an increasing production. But, an obstacle occurs on production, due to reproductive characteristic of Common Carp fish. Different time on sperm and eggs production from male and female fish cause difficulties in breeding. Hence, it needed sperm preservation so the breeding could be done in whole year. Natural extenders are the solution to preserve fish sperm without side effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different types of extenders and different doses on the percentage of sperm motility and viability of carp (Cyprinus carpio) after storage This research was conducted at the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya and the Freshwater Cultivation Installation (IBAT Punten), Batu, East Java. The method in this study was Complete Random Design (CRD) with 6 treatments, K (100ml lactate ringer); A (1ml cider + 99ml lactate ringer); B (1ml coconut + 99ml lactate ringer); C (1ml date juice + 99ml lactate ringer); D (1ml honey + 99ml lactate ringer); E (1ml sugar cane + 99ml lactate ringer). The results showed that the highest motility was obtained in the treatment of using date extract extender with a motility percentage rate of 77.66%; highest viability was obtained in the honey extract with 80.71%; and the highest fertility rate was obtained in the honey extract treatment with 72.67 %.

Effects of apigenin and trans-ferulic acid on microscopic and oxidative stress parameters in the semen of water buffalo bulls during cryopreservation

Cryopreservation involves exposing sperm to stressful conditions that affect cell viability. The high quality of the Azerbaijani water buffalo's by-products, such as buffalo milk, makes it a species of significant importance. Our focus is on protecting its genetic resources by preserving its sperm, as their numbers will decrease in the coming years and they are at risk of extinction. This study's goal was to ascertain how apigenin (A) and trans-ferulic acid (t-FA) affected the semen quality of Azari water buffalo bulls under cryopreservation. Pooled buffalo sperm (n = 35 ejaculations) were diluted in a Tris-based diluent also containing varying amounts of apigenin (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mM) and trans-ferulic acid (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mM). Following a freeze-thaw procedure, samples were assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione activity (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), progressive motility and total motility, motility properties, plasma membrane functionality, and viability. Sixty days after insemination, the rectal examination was performed on 38 buffaloes that had undergone sexual breeding to confirm pregnancy. The results of the study show that the addition of A-0.2, A-0.4, and t-FA-10 to buffalo semen increases the percentage of intact plasma membrane, motility, and sperm viability, as well as the levels of GSH, GPx, CAT. and TAC. In addition, there is a decrease in MDA and DNA damage after cryopreservation. Furthermore, the results show that 0.4 mM apigenin significantly increases conception rates compared to the control group. The base extender of Tris supplemented with A (0.4 and 0.2 mM) and t-FA (10 mM) improves the antioxidant indices of both frozen and thawed buffalo sperm, which in turn improves post-thawing sperm quality and in vivo fertility improves buffalo sperm.

SOME BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN SEMINAL PLASMA OF IRAQI BUFFALO BULLS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE SEMEN QUALITY

This study was undertaken to figure out the relationship between some biochemical characteristics in seminal plasma with the semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Semen was diluted with the Tris extender and divided based on the sperm cell's individual motility into two groups. The first group included good-semen quality (GS; n=3), whereas, the second group included poor-semen quality (PS; n=5). The differences between GS and BS groups in all seminal biochemical attributes lacked significance. A negative and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was noticed between cholesterol concentration and both principal and terminal sperms abnormality (r= -0.52), and total abnormalities (r= -0.53). A positive and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was shown between cholesterol concentration and normal sperm percentage (r= 0.53). Moreover, there was a negative and significant correlation (P≤0.05) between the triglyceride concentration and each of the percentages of individual sperm motility (r = -0.50) and of live sperm (r = -0.51). It can be concluded that some biochemical characteristics of seminal plasma can be used to predict the semen quality and fertility of Iraqi buffalo bulls.

Semen parameters in testicular tumor patients before orchiectomy: What is the impact of testicular tumor stage and histology?

To evaluate the influence of testicular cancer histology and stage on sperm parameters in cryopreserved samples collected prior to orchiectomy. We conducted a retrospective analysis of tumor histology, stage and sperm parameters of patients who underwent pre-orchiectomy sperm cryopreservation for testicular cancer between March 2010 and March 2023. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 sperm reference values were used to identify patients with subnormal semen parameters and to further categorize patients by sperm alteration. Localized disease was classified as Stage I, while metastatic disease encompassed Stages II and III. Continuous variables were compared using t-test or Mann Whitney U test, and categorical variables using Chi-square and Fisher´s exact test. A total of 64 patients was identified, 48 (75%) classified as stage I and 16 (25%) classified as stage II/III. No difference was found in semen parameters between patients with seminoma and patients with non-seminoma germ cell tumor (NSGCT). Patients with stage II/III disease had significantly lower percentages of progressive motility (36% vs 53%, p = 0.021) and total motility (60% vs 69%, p = 0.015) than stage I patients. When categorizing by sperm alterations according to WHO 2010 reference values, patients with stage II/III disease had significantly higher proportions of asthenozoospermia (38% vs 15%, p = 0.048) and teratozoospermia (63% vs 31%, p = 0.027) than stage I patients. Elevated tumor markers were not associated with sperm abnormalities. Patients with metastatic testicular cancer present with worse sperm quality than patients with localized disease. Sperm cryopreservation should be offered to all patients with testicular cancer, and especially emphasized in patients with metastatic disease.

(300) Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Seasonal Variation on Human Semen Quality in the United States

Abstract Introduction Different environmental exposures such as daylight hours and temperature influence spermatogenesis, which vary across seasons. However, studies on the variation of semen analysis across different seasons reported inconsistent results. Objective To investigate the seasonality of human semen parameters in the United States through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on seasonal variation of human semen parameters in the United States from conception to December 11, 2022, without language restriction, and also scrutinized the reference list of included studies for any additional related study. We determined the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) between seasons using the random effect model in a case of substantial heterogeneity (I2 index≥50%) and the fixed-effect model in a case of low heterogeneity (I2 index&amp;lt;50%) in STATA version 17. The methodological quality was checked using Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Results Our search yielded 548 studies. After screening, 7 studies on 131,306 semen analyses were included for meta-analysis. All included studies had high methodological quality (NOS ≥ 7). Figure 1 shows the pooled SMD of semen parameters between seasons. Semen analysis in winter had a higher volume than those in spring (p-value=0.010; I2=4.63%). Winter had better semen quality than summer in terms of concentration (p-value=0.014; I2=0%) and total sperm count (p-value=0.044; I2=47.80%). Semen quality was also better in winter than in fall, in terms of volume (p-value=0.001; I2=0%), concentration (p-value=0.016; I2=23.68%), and total sperm count (p-value=0.022; I2=13.95%). Spring had better semen quality than summer in terms of concentration (p-value&amp;lt;0.001; I2=33.74%) and percent of normal morphology (p-value&amp;lt;0.001; I2=0%), and also had higher concentration than fall (p-value&amp;lt;0.001; I2=42.82%). Semen analysis in summer had a lower percentage of total motility than those in fall (p-value=0.045; I2=0%). Conclusions Semen parameters follow a seasonal pattern, with winter and spring showing better sperm quality regarding concentration and total sperm count than other seasons. Disclosure No.

(092) Racial/ethnic Differences in Semen Parameters and Male Reproductive Hormones in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Introduction Semen quality and reproductive hormones are key indicators of male fertility potential, but studies have reported inconsistent results on racial/ethnic differences in these factors in the United States. Objective To perform a meta-analysis evaluating pooled differences in semen analysis parameters and male reproductive hormones across racial/ethnic groups in the United States through a systematic literature search. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to December 17, 2022, with no language limitation. All studies on racial/ethnic variations in semen parameters and male reproductive hormones among the general population of the United States were included in this meta-analysis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) between races/ethnicities were pooled using the random-effects model. Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used for risk of bias assessment. Heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 index. Results Our search yielded 731 articles. After screening, 9 studies were included. These studies had a low risk of bias (NOS ≥ 7) and involved a total of 7,641 participants. The pooled analysis showed no significant differences between White and Black men in the percent of total motility (p-value=0.513; I2=99.76%), total testosterone (p-value=0.272; I2=99.79%), free testosterone (p-value=0.220; I2=99.78%), and estradiol (p-value=0.876; I2=96.90%). However, higher sperm concentration (SMD=3.64; 95%CI: 0.18, 7.09; p-value=0.039; I2=99.53%) and total sperm count (SMD=6.04; 95%CI: 0.09, 11.99; p-value=0.046, I2=99.68%) were estimated for White men compared to Black men. Additionally, higher sperm concentration (SMD=1.39; 95%CI: 0.56, 2.23; p-value=0.001, I2=92.06%) and total motility (SMD=3.06; 95%CI: 0.09, 6.02; p-value=0.043, I2=99.14%) were estimated for Hispanic men compared to non-Hispanic men, with no differences in total sperm count (p-value=0.579, I2=97.79%) or total testosterone (p-value=0.078, I2=95.95%) (Figure 1). Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated reductions in semen analysis parameters, especially sperm concentration, for Black and non-Hispanic men relative to White and Hispanic men in the United States. Disclosure No.

Cryopreservation of Limited Sperm Using A Combination of Sucrose and Taurine, Loaded on Two Different Devices, and Thawed at Two Different Temperatures.

Cryopreservation of sperm is essential for patients with low sperm counts and couples undergoing infertility treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Taurine (T) and Sucrose (S) in individual sperm cryopreservation utilizing cryotop and petri dish and thawing at 37 and 42°C. In this experimental study, 17 normospermic semen samples were processed using the "Swim-up" procedure and progressively motile sperm were then isolated from these samples using an inverted microscope. Sperm were added to droplets of "sucrose medium" with 25 mM Taurine antioxidant (S+T) and the commercial cryoprotectant "Sperm Freeze" (CPA), loaded on a petri dish and cryotop. After rapid freezing of the samples, they were thawed at two different temperatures (37°C and 42°C), and the sperm classical parameters, viability, and DNA fragmentation were assessed. Statistical analysis displayed a significant increase in total and progressive motility in individual sperm freezing on cryotop with CPA and thawing at 42°C (P<0.05). Other parameters did not show any differences between the CPA and S+T groups and two thawing temperatures in either of the cryopreservation methods. Although, both cryoprotectants (CPA and S+T) may preserve individual sperm effectively using cryotop, the CPA and thawing at 42°C showed a better effect on the motility percentage of the small number of sperm.

Effect of Suplementation Tomatoes Juice in Fresh Semen Egg Yolk Citrate Diluent on the Quality of Spermatozoa and the Success of Artificial Insemination in Thin Tailed Sheep

This study aims to determine the effect of adding tomato juice in fresh semen egg yolk citrate diluent to the quality of spermatozoa and the success of artificial insemination in thin tailed sheep. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design research method with 3 treatments and 5 repetitions. The treatments consisted of a solution of egg yolk citrate (P0), egg yolk citrate added 20% tomato juice (P1), and egg yolk citrate added 40% tomato juice (P2). Data analysis on spermatozoa quality included motility, viability, and abnormality using one way anova followed by Duncan’s test, while artificial insemination success included Non Return Rate (NRR) and Conception Rate (CR) using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the best diluent was found in P1 with the addition of 20% tomato juice resulting in motility percentages and viability are 75,52 ± 1,92 and 87,70 ± 1,04. It can be concluded that the addition of tomato juice had a significant (P&lt;0,05) effect on the motility and viability of spermatozoa. The addition of 20% tomato juice in egg yolk citrate diluent can improve the quality of spermatozoa. The CR and NRR values obtained from artificial insemination with P1 diluent were 53% and 60%

Effect of selenium nanoparticles on the quality and fertility of short-term preserved boar semen.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) in the Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) extender on the semen quality and fertility of Hampshire crossbred pigs. For the study, semen was collected from four boars (10 ejaculates/boar) by the gloved hand method. Each ejaculate was extended @ 1:2 with the BTS extender and split into four aliquots. The control (C) samples were without the supplementation of Se-NPs, whereas the other three were supplemented with 0.5 (T1), 1 (T2), and 2 μg ml-1 of Se-NPs (T3) and stored at 15°C in a BOD incubator. Extended semen was evaluated at 0 (immediately after dilution), 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of storage for sperm motility, live sperm, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, DNA integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The mean percentage of sperm motility, live sperm, and sperm with intact plasma membrane and acrosome, and MMPs were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in all treated groups in comparison to control at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of storage. Sperm with intact DNA in all treated groups increased significantly at 48 (p < 0.05), and 72 and 96 (p < 0.01) h of storage in comparison to the control group. The concentration of 1 μg ml-1 of Se-NPs was found to be the best among other concentrations. In each group, 10 sows were artificially inseminated with the liquid semen preserved for 72 h at 15°C. Supplementation of 1 μg ml-1 of Se-NPs yielded the highest conception rate in comparison to other groups. In conclusion, supplementation of 1 μg ml-1 of Se-NPs in the BTS extender resulted in the best semen quality and conception rate during the short-time liquid preservation of boar semen.

Development and validation of a clinical prediction model of fertilization failure during routine IVF cycles.

This study aims to create and validate a clinical model that predict the probability of fertilization failure in routine in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. This study employed a retrospective methodology, gathering data from 1770 couples that used reproductive center's of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University standard IVF fertilization between June 2015 and June 2023. 1062 were in the training set and 708 were in the validation set when it was randomly split into the training set and validation set in a 6:4 ratio. The study employed both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors those influence the failure of traditional in vitro fertilization. Based on the multiple regression model, a predictive model of traditional IVF fertilization failure was created. The calibration and decision curves were used to assess the effectiveness and therapeutic usefulness of this model. The following factors independently predicted the probability of an unsuccessful fertilization: infertility years, basal oestrogen, the rate of mature oocytes, oligoasthenozoospermia, sperm concentration, sperm vitality, percentage of abnormal morphological sperm, and percentage of progressive motility (PR%).The receiver operating characteristic curve's area under the curve (AUC) in the training set is 0.776 (95% CI: 0.740,0.812), while the validation set's AUC is 0.756 (95% CI: 0.708,0.805), indicating a rather high clinical prediction capacity. Our generated nomogram has the ability to forecast the probability of fertilization failure in couples undergoing IVF, hence can assist clinical staff in making informed decisions.

The Effect of Additional Tomato Extract in Diluting Sodium Citrate and Egg Yellow in Kampung Chicken on The Quality of Semen Cow Limousine

Undiluted sperm will reduce fertility, therefore dilution is performed to maintain the quality of spermatozoa during storage. Tomatoes contain carbohydrates, vitamin A, vitamin C, protein, and lycopene as antioxidants. Carbohydrates and antioxidants act as a source of energy to potentially prevent free radicals that can damage cells. This study aims to determine the effect of adding tomato juice in sodium citrate diluent and free-range chicken egg yolks to the semen quality of limousin cattle. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of a solution of sodium citrate and egg yolk (P0), sodium citrate and egg yolk + 10% tomato extract (P1), sodium citrate and egg yolk + 20% tomato extract (P2), and egg yolk sodium citrate + 30% tomato extract. % (P3). Parameters observed were motility, viability and abnormalities of semen spermatozoa of Limousin cattle. Observations were made at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after cooling. The results showed that the addition of 10% tomato extract (P1) had a significant effect on the highest percentage of motility, namely 42.00 ± 2.73c for the 48th hour, the highest viability 62.10 ± 4.51c for the 72nd hour, and lowest abnormality 16.60 ± 1.81a until the 72nd hour. The addition of 10% tomato extract (P1) in sodium citrate diluent and egg yolk resulted in the best motility, viability, and abnormality percentage of Limousin cattle spermatozoa.

Effects of ergothioneine supplementation on the quality of liquid-preserved and frozen-thawed boar semen.

This study examined the effects of ergothioneine (EGT) supplementation as an antioxidant on the quality of boar spermatozoa when using liquid and frozen preservation methods. In the first experiment, boar semen was preserved in an extender supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 200 µM EGT, at15 °C, part of the samples for one and another part for three weeks. In comparison with the control (without EGT), EGT supplementation at 100 µM significantly increased the percentage of total motility of spermatozoa that were preserved as a liquid both for one and three weeks (P < 0.05). EGT supplementation did not affect the quality of preserved spermatozoa, irrespective of the EGT concentration. In the second experiment, semen was frozen and thawed in the freezing extender supplemented with 0,50, 100 and 200 µM EGT. In comparison with the control, the 100 µM EGT supplementation significantly increased the percentages of total and progressive motility of frozen-thawed spermatozoa (P < 0.05). EGT (100 µM) supplementation did not affect the viability, the plasma membrane integrity, or the acrosomal integrity of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. These findings indicate that supplementing extenders with 100 µM EGT may improve the motility of boar sperm in both liquid and freezing preservation methods.

Exploring enzymatic antioxidant activities in Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) sperm and seminal plasma

This study explored the relationships between sperm quality and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase, GPx) in sperm (S) and seminal plasma (SP) of Asian elephants, as well as the potential protective role of glutamine in semen extenders during chilled storage. In experiment 1, twenty ejaculates from 11 bulls were analyzed for percentages (%) of sperm motility (%MOT), viability (%VIA), and activities of SOD and GPx. A significant negative correlation was found between %VIA and SP-SOD (r = − 0.71), and positive correlations between %MOT and both S-GPx (r = 0.49) and SP-GPx (r = 0.57). Following these findings, glutamine, a precursor of glutathione and semen antioxidant was introduced in Experiment 2. Each ejaculate (in a total of 8 ejaculates obtained from four bulls) was diluted in Tris-fructose- (EYT) and Tris-glucose-egg yolk extender (TCG), respectively, supplemented with 0 (control), 20 and 40 mM glutamine and stored at 4 °C. Sperm parameters including %MOT, %VIA, functional membrane integrity (%sHOST), and DNA integrity (%DNA) were assessed after 24 and 48 h of storage. Results demonstrated that glutamine did not significantly affect %VIA or %DNA. A significant reduction in %MOT was observed at 24 h, but 20 mM glutamine added in extenders reversed this decline at 48 h. A 40 mM addition of glutamine in TCG markedly reduced %sHOST at 24 h. In conclusion, SOD and GPx activities in the sperm and seminal plasma are indicative of sperm quality. During chilling, using a higher level of glutamine may damage the spermatozoa of Asian elephants.

Impact of climate factors, breed, and boar utilization frequency on semen quality and sperm morphology

The primary objective of this research was to evaluate boar ejaculate variability and the occurrence of anomalies in spermatozoa, considering climatic factors during spermatogenesis breed, and utilization frequency. This study involved 17 boars (n=129 ejaculates) and fertility testing was conducted during the most critical period of the year, from August to October. The observed sperm characteristics included: ejaculate volume (VOL), sperm concentration (CON, spermatozoa/ml), total number and number of functional spermatozoa (NT, NF), percentage of sperm motility in the native ejaculate and after dilution (MOTN, MOTD), number of produced doses (NPD), percentage of dead and live spermatozoa (PM, PZ), and sperm anomalies. The assessment of the effect was performed using a General Linear Model procedure. The breed did not influence sperm variability, while the frequency of boar utilization impacted on the occurrence of secondary anomalies. The determined regression coefficient indicated that extending the interval by one day increased PPPK by 0.340-0.348%. The maximum daily temperature during semen collection (model 1) and the value of the TH index during semen collection (model 3) influenced ejaculate volume. An increase of one ? in temperature, or one unit in THI value, led to a (p&lt;0.05) increase in VOL by 3.540 ml and 2.798 ml, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum daily temperature (model 2) and the TH index value (model 4) at the beginning of the epididymal phase of spermatogenesis had an impact on semen motility, as well as the percentage of live and dead spermatozoa.

Characterization and seminal cryopreservation of three species of birds of prey.

Assisted reproduction techniques in birds have contributed to many species' conservation and sustainable use. One of these techniques is semen cryopreservation, which is possible following the discovery of suitable cryoprotectants. This study aimed to characterize the fresh and post-thaw ejaculates of different species of birds of prey. The following species were included in the study: red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) n=3, golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) n=3, and Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) n=3. Twenty-five ejaculates were obtained for each species. The percentage of spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphology were evaluated. Evident differences were observed among the ejaculates of the three species, particularly in sperm length and between the fresh and post-thaw parameters of the same species in which the motility reduced to approximately 40% after thawing. It was demonstrated that sperm cryopreservation of the studied species was possible using the same freezing protocol. This study showed that sperm characteristics could influence the parameters obtained during their in vitro conservation, both in the fresh and post-thaw states.