Words Of People Research Articles

Hubungan Kegiatan Storytelling dengan Kemampuan Bahasa Reseptif Anak Usia Prasekolah 4-5 Tahun di Kota Surakarta

Abstract Background: Language ability is an important thing for children, language is a tool for communicating with friends or people around them. Children's language ability, especially in the receptive category is receiving language, at the level of developmental achievement is listening to other people's words and understanding the stories that read. Objectives: This study aims to determine whether there is a correlation between storytelling activities with receptive language ability of preschool aged 4-5 years in Surakarta City. Methods: This type of research is a quantitative research. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique used was a total sampling of 37 respondents aged 4-5 years in KB/TK Aisyiyah Al Amin Bibis Luhur Surakarta. The statistical test used is Kendall Tau. Results: The results of the analysis show that the value of p = 0.006, this indicates that the value of p <0.05 means that there is a significant correlation between storytelling activities with receptive language ability of preschool aged 4-5 years. The value of the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.443 which means it has a moderate positive correlation. Conclusion: There is a correlation between storytelling activities with receptive language ability in preschool aged 4-5 years in Surakarta City. Keywords: Receptive language, storytelling, preschool aged 4-5 years.

Makna Lirik Lagu Daimei No Nai Kyou (題名のない今日) Karya Hiraidai Kajian Semiotika Sastra

Makna Lirik Lagu Daimei No Nai Kyou (題名のない今日) Karya Hiraidai Kajian Semiotika Sastra

Indicare, rappresentare e dislocare. La Deixis am Phantasma di Karl Bühler e i modi del Discorso Riportato

‘Deixis am phantasma’ or imagination-oriented deixis is a mode of reference, originally described by KarlBühler, that directly brings into play one of the distinctive properties of human language, namely the unlimitedcapacity to dislocate in space and time the referents and situations that are the object of discourse. Sincerepresenting and reporting other people's speech is a discourse situation in which speakers must represent,transpose and dislocate referents, situations, and other people's words, reported speech is a very suitable areain which to observe this particular type of deixis. In this paper, after briefly restating the main points of Bühler'stheory of language, i.e., the two-field theory and the different modes of reference within the deictic field, Idiscuss the three different types of imagination-oriented deixis (as identified by Bühler). I then try to point outwhat I consider to be their systematic correlations with the two main deictic modes of reporting speech (directvs. indirect), while, conversely, noting the unsystematic correlations with that intermediate or hybrid form ofreporting that is free indirect speech.

Analysis of Maslahah Mursalah in the Implementation of Tetanus Toxoid Immunization as a Marriage Requirement (A Study in the Pitu Riase Sub-district, Sidrap Regency)

This research discusses Maslahah Murlah's review of the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage requirement. By examining two problem formulations, namely; how is the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage registration requirement in Pitu Riase District, Sidrap Regency and how is the maslahah murrasa review of the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage requirement in Pitu Riase District, Sidrap Regency.
 This research approach is an empirical normative approach, namely research carried out by examining the implementation of legal provisions which are conceptualized as norms or rules that apply in society. Then with the qualitative descriptive method which produces descriptive data in the form of written text or other people's words. The techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation methods.
 The results of the research can be stated that, Firstly, the provisions of the marriage registration requirements are that prospective bride and groom couples who want to get married, especially prospective brides, are advised to carry out tetanus toxoid immunization and attach a letter of proof of the implementation of this immunization. The objectives achieved by implementing tetanus toxoid immunization include preventing the spread of tetanus which can cause damage to the nervous system that regulates breathing and also damage to other organs, resulting in death. Second, the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a requirement for marriage registration in Piti Riase District, Sidrap Regency, if viewed from the perspective of maslahah al-murlah, is one of the maslahah of hajiyah, namely perfecting basic human needs in maslahah dharuriyah, in this case in order to protect or maintain offspring through the prospective bride. those who are getting married and also as in the Sadd Adz-Dzari'ah principle, namely preventive measures or closing the path to something dangerous.

Persepsi Remaja Tentang Problematika Pernikahan Dalam Seris Mendua

Adolescence is a period of exploring self-potential to form a solid personality, teenagers will later experience marriage. Currently early marriage and infidelity is one of the factors causing divorce. With so many cases of divorce due to infidelity that occur based on true stories, the filmmakers made this story into a work through a media with the aim of being able to convey the moral message of the story of infidelity to the public, one of the series that was appointed, namely Series Mendua. Series Mendua tells about the problems of marriage. In this study, the researcher chose the perspective of adolescents as research subjects, so based on this background, the researcher raised the title "Youth Perceptions of Marriage Problems in the Double Series". The purpose of this study is to find out how adolescents perceive marital problems in the Mendua Series. This study used a qualitative descriptive method, and was analyzed based on the Hypodermic Needle theory. The results of the study show that the adolescent's perception of marital problems in the Mendua Series is a positive thing, namely a series that is accepted by society, provides lessons in running a household, with very professional roles. The average informant uses cellphone media, watches the telegram application. The message conveyed by Series Mendua in running a household is not to easily listen to other people's words, prove it to yourself if there is a problem and solve it immediately. Perceptions about Series Mendua that marriage is not only harmonious but also has marital problems such as infidelity, fights, domestic violence, lies, hatred and divorce.

Tutur Kata Penonton Piala Dunia 2022

2022 World Cup international event. Furthermore, the context of the audience's speech while watching together provides an overview of how Indonesian people express themselves through speech when watching World Cup matches. The purpose of this study is to explore the forms of speech acts by the public during collective World Cup viewing. The research was conducted in the city of Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi, using qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques included observation, recording, note-taking, and interviews. Based on the described research results, the identified forms of speech acts tend to be expressive and emotional. Declarative speech acts accounted for 6 instances, imperative speech acts for 4 instances, and interrogative speech acts for 4 instances. The audience's speech patterns were influenced by factors such as the atmosphere, gender, and age. The study findings illustrate the dynamic nature of the audience's response, as the unpredictable World Cup matches often exceeded the audience's expectations. Consequently, people's words when watching the 2022 World Cup together could change depending on the ongoing match situation and conditions. Emotions such as joy, disappointment, sadness, annoyance, and disbelief were common expressions witnessed during these matches.

Book review: this is me! whatever you say

The purpose of writing is to convey to readers whether a book or work deserves a response from the public or not. Besides that, it is also to give considerations to other works of art such as plays, films, and a performance. Because the considerations conveyed by reviewers must be adjusted to the tastes of readers, a review published in a magazine may not be the same. The method we use in reviewing a book entitled "This Is Me" is the reporting method. The reviewers intentionally describe the contents of the book, and expresses the opinion through details that the reviewers select and omit. The reviewers would present the result of the review. This book has the benefit of encouraging readers of any age, whether young or old, to love themselves without having to worry about what other people think. Become a more confident person, and the story teaches the readers that even if someone falls and gets hurt, they have to do their best until it is time to heal. Such mental strength grows when one has the drive to make it even better. This book seems easy to understand because the language used by the author is light and contains many motivational sentences. This book really helps teenagers to believe more in their potential without worrying about other people's comments that harm them. This book manages to package the problem as well as the solution. There are case studies and motivational sentences that can encourage readers. The conclusion is if one feels that one cannot love him or herself, he or she does not know themselves deeply, and they still ignore other people's negative words. This book will guide the readers to solve the personal problems everyone is experiencing. By reading the book, it will make the readers or individuals can do various things without thinking about negative comments from other people.

Four Elegies

Four Elegies

КОМУНІКАТИВНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ЧАСТКИ “МОВЛЯВ” У СУЧАСНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ОНЛАЙН-МЕДІАТЕКСТАХ

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to find the means of achieving “multi-voice” media text that are optimal for the implementation of the journalist's communicative tasks; one of such tools is the particle movlyav. The article aims to investigate the communicative potential of the the particle movlyav in modern online media texts in the Ukrainian language, the task is to identify the functions of the particle movlyav, the emotional and evaluative load which it gives to the text. The study revealed that the particle movlyav is more and more actualized in online media texts, in which it attests to someone else's speech, denotes a retelling, less often a hypothetical modality. There is an interference of relatability and hypotheticality in media texts, the real words of others are perceived with a tinge of doubt and unreliability, and probable, hypothetical ones are perceived with a tinge of truth, that such thoughts could really be expressed. The particle movlyav conveys a negative assessment, an emotional color of non-acceptance, mistrust, contempt, doubt, irony both in relation to other people's words (spoken or probable) and in relation to their author, it indicates the otherness of the position of the author of the text, therefore it can be considered a kind of marker of the division “one's own – someone else's”, “one's own – stranger”. The dialogue between the author of the online media text and the author of someone else's words is manifested in an unspoken reaction to these words, the recipient of the online media text as a witness of this dialogue can take the position of any of the parties, however, the emotional and evaluative load of sentences with the the particle movlyav inclines to a positive perception of the media text author's positions. Increasing the distance between “one's own” and “someone else's” as a result of indicating the fakeness of the message, the introduction of additional words with a negative color into the text negates the possibility of any further communication. Frequent actualization of the particle movlyav with additional communicative emotional and evaluative functions can consolidate the perception of this word primarily not as a means of evidence, but as a marker of unreliability, untruthfulness, negative evaluation of other people's words. Therefore, we recommend that journalists use other means of introducing someone else's speech in texts, where there is a need to simply label it, without directly or indirectly expressing an attitude to what was said by another person

Northern Protestants: On Shifting Ground by Susan McKay

Reviewed by: Northern Protestants: On Shifting Ground by Susan McKay Chris Arthur Susan McKay Northern Protestants: On Shifting Ground Belfast. The Blackstaff Press. 2021. 346 pages. war photographer Robert Capa famously said, "If your pictures aren't good enough, you aren't close enough." The outstanding quality of the word-pictures drawn in Northern Protestants: On Shifting Ground relies on the author's practice of getting close enough to people to see the detail of their lives, rather than presenting us with distant generalizations. But proximity alone would not guarantee a book of this caliber. For that, you also need the author's skill as an empathic listener and lucid writer. Susan McKay expertly coaxes a variety of voices to tell their stories and presents these to readers with impressive clarity. The book is based on interviews conducted between 2019 and 2021. McKay traveled all over Northern Ireland to take soundings from one sector of the country's populace. She wanted to get a sense of how Protestants think of themselves and what they want, in the context of a milieu where old allegiances have been strained by the legacy of the Troubles, Brexit, the pandemic, renewed worries about a possible united Ireland, and loss of faith in politicians caused by the Renewable Heat Incentive scandal. (The Renewable Heat Incentive scandal was a shockingly mismanaged green-energy scheme that lost a colossal amount of public money and ultimately led to the collapse of the Northern Ireland Assembly—the devolved legislature for Northern Ireland. An account of what happened—uncovering political and administrative incompetence and duplicity on a scale that's hard to credit—is given in Sam McBride's masterpiece of investigative journalism, Burned: The Inside Story of the "Cash-for-Ash" Scandal and Northern Ireland's Secretive New Elite [2019].) Northern Protestants shows the poverty of those simplifying stereotypes that are too often the currency of media reports. Commentators who lack McKay's skills, and her intrepid determination to seek out enlightening face-to-face encounters, tend to present Northern Ireland in crudely dualistic terms: Protestant-Unionist-Loyalist versus Catholic-Nationalist-Republican. The impression given is that within each tribal bloc there is an obdurate uniformity of opinion. McKay repeatedly demonstrates how fatuous such a picture is. "Northern Protestant" is far from being a homogeneous singularity. Thinking within this group is neither fixed nor predictable. Her book, together with its older sibling, Northern Protestants: An Unsettled People (published in 2000, with a new edition brought out last year to coincide with the second volume's appearance), provides a sensitive mapping of how Protestant mind-sets have changed, and responded to change, over the last several decades. The books compile a record of the raw oral literature of the moment. Susan McKay offers an always sympathetic, often surprising, but not uncritical portrait of her people. The books have more than local relevance. Reading them at this juncture in European history gives a particular edge to her insights about the impact of violence. She talks to many survivors, relatives, and descendants of those killed and maimed in Ulster's thirty years of sectarian conflict. Long after the immediate lethality of terrorist bombings and shootings, lives are still disfigured by these acts of savagery. Over 3,500 people lost their lives in Northern Ireland's Troubles. This is a tiny number compared to casualties in Ukraine. It is terrible to think how far into the future this war will cast its blighting shadows. As millions of distraught, displaced, bereaved, and injured people struggle to pick up the pieces of their lives, one hopes that those who listen to, record, and tell their stories will be as skillful in this art as Susan McKay is. She provides a master class in how to listen and has a fine sense of when to put people's own words on the page, when to paraphrase, what is best juxtaposed with what, when the author herself needs to comment and when to stand back. As a result, readers receive a powerful sense of the variety of ways, some admirable, some decidedly not, in which individuals cope—or fail to cope—with challenging, often desperate circumstances. We...

تفكيك أدوار الشخصيات في رواية "حمار الحكيم" لتوفيق الحكيم

This study examines the role of several characters in the novel Himar Al Hakim by Taufiq Al Hakim with a deconstruction approach strategy. The purpose of this study is to determine the transformation of the role of the characters formed in the novel Himar Al Hakim by Taufiq Al Hakim through the interpretation using the deconstruction approach. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. In this study, researchers used document analysis as a data collection technique. To check the validity of the data, researchers used persistence techniques in observation. The data analysis technique in this study will use content analysis techniques. After applying deconstruction of meaning through contradictory meanings in Himar Al Hakim's novel, it is found that Beik as a well-known writer has several bad traits based on his daily behavior, such as not listening to other people's words, disrespecting others, not having a firm stand, a person who lazy, and always shy away from responsibility. Also found were several roles of marginal figures who could become important figures because they motivated Beik through these important roles, namely the director, haji, and the cameraman's wife.

Consoling the Bereaved: Exploring How Sympathy Cards Influence What People Say.

In a sequential mixed methods study, interview data showed that bereaved parents consistently reported "stupid" or "insensitive" things people said that were not helpful when their child died. Subsequently, a discourse analysis of 170 sympathy cards was conducted to assess societal messaging that may influence people's insensitive words. The findings reflected two distinct time periods in the bereavement process: a time of sadness followed by a time of peace. Possible links to insensitive things people said included: suggestions that the sad time should only last a few days, suggestions of "healing," religious statements such as the deceased being with God or advice to pray to God, and notions of celebration in some contexts. Very few excerpts were similar to the advice-giving quotes that interviewees considered to be insensitive. Many cards reflected the love and memories inherent in creating a continuing bond with the deceased and achieving peace.

Perkembangan Bahasa Fonetik dan Sintaksis Anak Usia Dini (Usia 3-4 Tahun)

This study aims to analyze the language development of children at an early age of 3-4 years, by describing the development of language in the phonetic and syntactic fields of children aged 3-4 years. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method. The sample of this study were two children aged 3-4 years in KB Bustanul Janah Sambong Batang. From the two samples, it is known that the child's aspects of phonetic and syntactic development experience different developments starting from the ability to receive language, listen to other people's words, express language, enjoy listening and retell simple stories in sequence. In the aspect of phonetic language, children have developmental differences in understanding the sounds of language or how a language sound is produced by the human speech apparatus. In the aspect of syntactic language, children also have developmental differences regarding speaking and telling stories. Researchers concluded that early childhood in the age range of 3-4 years experienced differences in the development of phonetic and syntactic language. So the researchers recommend teachers to understand these differences and stimulate students according to age levels so that their development continues to increase.

A Unique Reading Experience

When is a book not a book? This is not a brain teaser but rather what I was thinking as I went through what looked like a book but certainly did not read like one. The book has a cover, a binding, pages, a table of contents, all the characteristics of a regular book. But this is nothing like reading a regular book. This one provides a unique reading experience. I am speaking of the most recent publication by Seth M. Siegel, Other People's Words: Wisdom for an Inspired and Productive Life. If Seth's name sounds familiar, it's because he's The New York Times’ best-selling author of Let There Be Water and Troubled Water, both of which are excellent reading for water professionals as well as for nonwater professionals. For me, a regular book generally has a plot with a beginning, middle, and end. There are characters you get to know and whom you either root for or against as you turn the pages with anticipation. The book may build a case for something, providing knowledge by framing and building an argument. Other People's Words is carefully organized. Still, you won't want to turn the pages quickly—whatever page you're on, you will want to ponder the words, let them sink in. While it is a learning experience, there's no argument being made—just thoughts to absorb that leave you mentally refreshed and perhaps even renewed. What is unique about this book? On the one hand, you might think of it simply as a collection of 1,200 quotes—other people's words—organized into 11 well-thought-out themes and further divided into more than 200 categories. But for all the book's structure, its contents are not that simple. I couldn't have anticipated how I would respond to reading Other People's Words. I thought I would plow through these quotes. While not all of them resonated with me, many made me pause and reflect on their meaning. Several sent me searching to learn more about the person to whom the quote was attributed and about the larger context of the quote. My reality was that I turned the pages slowly, reflected on the words, and often found myself feeling inspired after reading a section. But I never went through more than one section at a time. The context of the book was enhanced because I read the introduction and “Note to the Reader.” I don't tend to read sections like these because they just aren't interesting to me. But for some reason, in this case I did, and it made a huge difference. These introductory sections provided important personal insights about Seth. And without giving away the ending, so to speak, the introduction is helpful in understanding how Seth came to collect these quotes and why he wanted to share them. For now, let's just say a sock drawer is involved. Recently I interviewed Seth. I would read him a quote and, without exception, he could tell me who said it. He is intimate with each of these quotes and has an encyclopedic memory. Then I asked what I thought would be impossible to answer: “Of all the quotes in the book”—remember, there are 1,200 of them—“which is your favorite?” Seth acknowledged that each quote has special meaning to him, that he remembers when he heard the quote or came across it, and that each had an impact on him. But without much hesitation he said his favorite quote—one that is “a mantra [he thinks] about every single day”—is “Life is not a having and a getting, but a being and a becoming,” by Matthew Arnold. Knowing Seth as I do, it made perfect sense to me that he'd find that quote to be the most meaningful. I said that, although my copy of his book is dog-eared, underlined, and chock full of sticky notes, each note marking a quote that I found powerful, the one I found most meaningful was by Martha Washington: “The greater part of our happiness or misery depends on our disposition and not on our circumstances.” Seth said that a big reason he wanted to make these quotes available was because he felt that at times, when people are wrestling with a challenge or other life issues, quotes like these can provide perspective, vision, and clarity. Ultimately, Seth believes that everyone can live a life of value and meaning—of being and becoming—and he hopes that in some way his collection of quotes can inspire a happier, more fulfilling life, as they have for him. In the end, some may find Other People's Words to simply be a collection of quotes, but I believe that many of you will find it a wonderful reading experience unlike any other “regular” book. I sure did.

Editors' Note

Editors' Note Red Washburn and Brianne Waychoff This issue Solidão hits during a critical moment transnationally. It lands during a global pandemic, with calamitous events from Trump and Bolsonaro worldwide. However, as Arundhati Roy states, "The pandemic is a portal" (Roy 2021). This time has allowed us to reimagine life and solidarity in order to resuscitate them during social isolation. It is a clarion call to reorganize life to repair ubiquitous underemployment and unemployment, inadequate health care, inhumane incarceration, sexual harassment against women, anti-Black police violence, trans dehumanization, totalitarian regimes, environmental destruction, Indigenous genocide, and the defunding of Black, race, ethnic studies; women's, gender, and sexuality studies; and LGBTQ studies. Of particular alarm is the predicament facing Indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon—the loss of life, culture, nature, and habitat—as a result of the climate crisis and corporate wealth. The possibilities of the portal include a recentering of marginality, for example, Black and Indigenous women's and trans people's lives and words. The gateway from one way of life to the next demands we move beyond thought to practice freedom, a revolution that begins with decolonizing our minds and curricula as well as a massive restructuring of social institutions that shifts priorities to people over profit. The guest editors of this issue, along with the writers and artists who contributed to it, address many of these topics in-depth, thereby expanding the scholarship robustly. We are grateful to the guest editors for doing this issue, the first issue to come out during our editorship. We want to thank WSQ, including the editorial board, the poetry, prose, and art editors, and editorial assistants. In particular, we want to extend a hearty thank-you the editorial assistants, Amy Iafrate, Alex Johnson, Joe Goodale, and Ivy Bryan, all of whom worked [End Page 12] tirelessly on communicating with the scholars, writers, and artists to make this issue happen. In addition, we want to extend a generous thank-you to Dána-Ain Davis, Director of the Center for the Study of Women in Society, and administrative staff Eileen Liang and Jennifer Bae for providing WSQ with internships in feminist publishing for graduate students in women's and gender studies at the City University of New York. Our partnership has significantly enriched the quality of the journal for our feminist communities across CUNY and beyond. We are greatly indebted to the Feminist Press for all its help with scheduling, copyediting, and distributing our issues, especially to Interim Executive Director Lauren Rosemary Hook and Assistant Editor Nick Whitney. We also wish to thank Associate Director of the Center for the Humanities Kendra Sullivan, as well as Jordan Lord and Sampson Starkweather for collaborating with us and building a new vision for the journal, including aiding with publicity, administrative matters, and translations for this issue. We acknowledge the support we have received from the National Women's Studies Association, namely President Kaye Wise Whitehead and Interim Executive Director Jen Ash, as well as the Community of Literary Magazines and Presses (CLMP). Lastly, we want to thank each other as general editors of WSQ for navigating a difficult editorial transition during austerity and doing so with feminist generosity. We are looking forward to celebrating the legacy of WSQ, its fiftieth anniversary hitting during our leadership, and creating a sustainable future for it at the City University of New York. Red Washburn Kingsborough Community College Director of Women's and Gender Studies Associate Professor of English City University of New York Brianne Waychoff Borough of Manhattan Community College Associate Professor of Speech Communications and Theatre Arts Gender and Women's Studies Program City University of New York Works Cited Roy, Arundhati. 2021. "The Pandemic Is a Portal." Haymarket Books (blog). 23 April 2020. https://www.haymarketbooks.org/blogs/130-arundhati-roy-the-pandemic-is-a-portal. Google Scholar Copyright © 2021 Red Washburn and Brianne Waychoff

Kiai Sebagai Figur Toleransi Kearifan Lokal di Lasem

<p><span>This article wants to portray the role of Kyai as inspiration for tolerance in Lasem Central Java, Indonesia. Inter-religious tolerance as Lasem peoples' local wisdom. This research focuses on a complete picture of the phenomenon being studied. The approach used is a case study by exploring community interactions in the research object. In-depth interviews were done to get the data. The result of this research shows that tolerance is an appreciation and respect between individuals or groups with different backgrounds. The role of a kyai to raise people's tolerance, exemplify attitudes, and words to become a role model for the peoples of Lasem. An unwritten rule in the form of tolerance which has become a reference for the community in life and has become local wisdom in Lasem.</span></p>

Strategi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Bagi Siswa Autis Di SLB Putra Idhata Kabupaten Madiun

This study aims to determine PAI learning and understand the problems and solutions of the application of Islamic Education learning for autism students at SLB Putra Idhata, Madiun Regency. The research method used is a qualitative approach with the type of case study research and the thinking process uses inductive paragraphs. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. While the data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: (1) Learning on the autism students was adjusted to the abilities and characteristics of the students. The teaching of Islamic religious education for students on the autism uses the ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) method. This therapy teaches children on the autism to follow verbal instructions, respond to other people's words, describe an object, imitate other people's words and movements. (2) The main obstacle to learning Islamic education for autism students is the incomplete target material, because students have difficulty concentrating for a long time. So before students can concentrate, instruction cannot be given. The solution is by modifying the material according to the students 'abilities, compiling creative and varied media so as to attract students' interest to concentrate in the teaching and learning process.

Localizing syndemics: A comparative study of hunger, stigma, suffering, and crime exposure in three Haitian communities

Theoretically, disease syndemics are hyper-localized in the forms they take, but little empirical data show how localization manifests. We present a comparison across three sites in Haiti, from data collected in June–august 2017 testing for localizations of risks across three communities: rural farming, border town, and in a high gang-activity urban zone. First, we modeled survey responses collected from heads of 4055 geographically-sampled households via linear regression, considering additive and interaction effects of food insecurity, crime exposure, and discrimination on depression and anxiety levels. Exposure to food insecurity, crime exposure, and discrimination were each associated with more depression and anxiety symptoms. For those living in the urban zone, there was weak evidence of possible interactional risks between the three vulnerabilities, suggesting little meaningful localized syndemic patterning. Second, we conducted thematic and word-based semantic network analysis to identify if people themselves cognitively connected vulnerabilities of hunger/poverty, crime, and suffering/discrimination using 7321 text blocks from 95 semi-structured interviews/focus groups. Network visualization suggested people commonly connect these domains. While the patterns were localized, crime concerns were central to all networks. The domain connections expressed through people's own words were more complexly inter-related than was evident from the modeled survey data, and suggested counter-intuitive influences. The quantitative approach to modeling syndemic interactions suggests no apparent practical benefits to layering or combining local anticrime, anti-hunger, and anti-discrimination programming. However, the qualitative network analysis suggests that programming could none-the-less leverage the perceived connections across domains for more meaningful and effective interventions. For the broader study of syndemics, incorporating novel qualitative approaches clarifies that constituent processes are not just potentially localizing suffering, but are also extremely important in how people cognitively understand and organize their everyday lives.

Validation of Two Short Personality Inventories Using Self-Descriptions in Natural Language and Quantitative Semantics Test Theory.

BackgroundIf individual differences are relevant and prominent features of personality, then they are expected to be encoded in natural language, thus manifesting themselves in single words. Recently, the quantification of text data using advanced natural language processing techniques offers innovative opportunities to map people’s own words and narratives to their responses to self-reports. Here, we demonstrate the usefulness of self-descriptions in natural language and what we tentatively call Quantitative Semantic Test Theory (QuSTT) to validate two short inventories that measure character traits.MethodIn Study 1, participants (N1 = 997) responded to the Short Character Inventory, which measures self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence. In Study 2, participants (N2 = 2373) responded to Short Dark Triad, which measures Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. In both studies, respondents were asked to generate 10 self-descriptive words. We used the Latent Semantic Algorithm to quantify the meaning of each trait using the participants’ self-descriptive words. We then used these semantic representations to predict the self-reported scores. In a second set of analyses, we used word-frequency analyses to map the self-descriptive words to each of the participants’ trait scores (i.e., one-dimensional analysis) and character profiles (i.e., three-dimensional analysis).ResultsThe semantic representation of each character trait was related to each corresponding self-reported score. However, participants’ self-transcendence and Machiavellianism scores demonstrated similar relationships to all three semantic representations of the character traits in their respective personality model. The one-dimensional analyses showed that, for example, “loving” was indicative of both high cooperativeness and self-transcendence, while “compassionate,” “kind,” and “caring” was unique for individuals high in cooperativeness. The words “kind” and “caring” indicated low levels of Machiavellianism and psychopathy, whereas “shy” or “introvert” indicated low narcissism. We also found specific keywords that unify or that make the individuals in some profiles unique.ConclusionDespite being short, both inventories capture individuals’ identity as expected. Nevertheless, our method also points out some shortcomings and overlaps between traits measured with these inventories. We suggest that self-descriptive words can be quantified to validate measures of psychological constructs (e.g., prevalence in self-descriptions or QuSTT) and that this method may complement traditional methods for testing the validity of psychological measures.

El Método Singapur como estrategia didáctica para el fortalecimiento de la competencia de resolución de problemas aditivos en estudiantes de básica primaria

La presente investigación titulada “El Método Singapur como Estrategia Didáctica para el fortalecimiento de la Competencia de Resolución de Problemas Aditivos, en estudiantes de segundo y tercer grado de Básica Primaria de la Institución Educativa Colegio Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento Cúcuta”, tuvo como objetivo fortalecer la competencia de resolución de problemas aditivos en estudiantes de los grados segundo y tercero de primaria de la Institución Educativa Colegio Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento a través de la implementación de una estrategia didáctica basada en el método Singapur. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo debido a que produce datos descriptivos (las propias palabras de las personas, habladas o escritas, y la conducta observable, adicional), se utilizó el diseño de la investigación-acción la cual permite analizar y describir las acciones humanas y las situaciones sociales experimentadas por sus integrantes, tales como problemáticas susceptibles de cambio y aquellas que requieran una respuesta práctica. Para su planteamiento se partió de una revisión bibliográfica, que dio luces al sustento teórico del problema y su posible solución, así como para la implementación de aspectos metodológicos, diseño de instrumentos como el test inicial, el diario pedagógico, la entrevista a otros docentes, estrategias didácticas como referentes para el diseño de las propias y el test final. Paso seguido, se procedió al desarrollo de las estrategias didácticas que generaron aprendizajes significativos en los estudiantes, específicamente en el tema de resolución de problemas aditivos. El impacto en el grupo de estudio fue satisfactorio por cuanto permitió un avance importante en la construcción de conocimiento, capacidad de debatir y argumentar propuestas de solución a los diferentes problemas aditivos planteados en las actividades de clase