People In Conversation Research Articles

Using intervention mapping to develop an intervention for multiparty communication with people with congenital deafblindness.

Due to their dual sensory impairment, people with congenital deafblindness (CDB) are rarely naturally involved in other people's conversations. Their communication partners find it challenging to include them in group conversations. However, overhearing others communicate is important for developing social and communication skills. Hence, we developed an intervention program to guide communication partners in offering multiparty communication to people with CDB. This article describes how the program was developed through an intervention mapping approach. Intervention mapping is a six-step process: logic model, model of change, program design, program production, program implementation plan, and evaluation plan. These six steps were applied to systematically develop a program to foster multiparty communication in people with CDB. Representatives of the involved groups participated in the project group and the working group to ensure feasibility and acceptability. Following the intervention mapping steps resulted in creation of a program for communication partners that consists of an education session, practicals, and four video-feedback sessions. Information sessions for practitioners and managers were also developed. The program was implemented incrementally with program implementers in each organization. A subjective evaluation and an impact evaluation were done after each implementation phase. Intervention mapping was used to develop a program that connects theory to practice. The program appeared to meet the communication partners' needs and be feasible in terms of time investment. This article offers suggestions for broadening the scope of the program to other settings and for further investigating the effects of the program on the social and communication skills of people with CDB.

Diffusion of tax-related communication on social media

Taxation is a recurrent topic in people's conversations, also on social media. Yet, informal channels such as social media have been widely neglected in studies that examined how information about taxation spreads across social networks. Using posts on Twitter (currently called “X”) with taxation related hashtags from 2010 to 2020, we examined what linguistic cues are associated with information diffusion, that is, the number of retweets a message receives. The use of emotional, moral, and moral-emotional language in a tweet was associated with greater diffusion (i.e., more retweets). In contrast to the negativity bias literature, positive emotional words were more strongly associated with information diffusion than negative emotional words. Among the specific emotions that taxation research has focused on, only the use of anger (but not anxiety) words was associated with more retweets. The study contributes to the literature by examining individuals’ reasoning about taxes.

Upaya Pendidik dalam Menerapkan Nilai Kesopanan Bertingkah Laku pada Peserta Didik di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Imam Syafi’i

This research aims to describe how educators make efforts to apply the value of polite behavior to students. this research using qualitative descriptive methods with this research procedure, among others others are observation, interviews, and documentation. As for this research using inductive data analysis through data collection and analysis data, presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that teachers' efforts to apply the value of polite behavior to students at the Imam Syafi'i Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, such as effort to teach always say thank you, provide guidance and advice always say the word sorry, say the word please in the same language good and implementing the 3S and 5S culture, giving sanctions to people who likes to shout and interrupt people's conversations in the form of warnings, advice, etc motivate.

Konuşma Analizi

Analyzing naturally occurring conversation in social contexts can help us understand the dynamics of social life, how individuals perceive and sustain their relationships with one other, and how institutions are maintained through daily routines. This is only achievable with a systematic research approach that is very strong both methodologically and theoretically, concentrates on empirical data, and is able to incorporate into the analysis all the micro details of the conversation and its context without introducing the researchers' subjective presumptions. Conversation Analysis, that is the research method incorporating all of these, can generally be described as the scientific examination of people's conversations and verbal communication. It is a set of methods and an approach in social sciences that aims to describe, analyze and understand talk as the basis of people's social life (Sidnell, 2010). The aim of this study is to provide an insight for conversation analysis. Based on this, the background and development of conversational analysis is provided, main structural characteristics of talk-in-interaction, which are turn-taking, adjacency pairs and sequence organization, and repair are discussed, the method of data collection and transcription is explained, and finally, conversation analysis in management research is addressed.

Examining the Relationship between the Architecture of Workplaces and the Emergence of Health Problems Caused by Noise: Unhealthy Buildings

Introduction: The workplace is one of the most significant environments where people spend most of their time. Lack of acoustic comfort is one of the most important factors that threaten the health and well-being of employees in these workplaces all days. The purpose of this study, while identifying the symptoms caused by noise problems among employees, is to identify the main parameters and investigate the role of architecture in the expansion of unhealthy workplaces.
 Method and material: The current study was conducted among the employees of three administrative buildings in Urmia city (Road and Urban Development, Construction Engineering Organization, and Airport). The sample size was 226 out of 309 employees were selected based on Morgan's table.The required data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and the Friedman test by SPSS-25 software.
 Results: The average ranks of the symptoms showed that fatigue (4.62), hearing problems (6.05), headache (6.30), muscle pains (7.01), high stress (8.41), quick anger (8.55) and distraction and poor concentration (8.58), were among the most symptoms caused by a noise among employees. Also, disturbances caused by other people's conversations (59.22%) and overcrowding and lack of individual speech privacy (41.99%) were among the most parameters, having frequent noise complaints.
 Conclusion: The results of the investigation indicated that the inefficient environment design and lack of spaces flexibility, inappropriate placement and lack of acoustic insulation of surfaces inside noisy uses, high environment density and lack of sufficient space for employees, lack of installation systems maintenance, were among the most reasons for frequent noise complaints.

FORMULASI FRASA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK PADA PASAL 27 AYAT (3) UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2008 BESERTA PERUBAHAN PERSPEKTIF FIQH SIYASAH DUSTURIYAH

This article discusses how the formulation of the phrase defamation in Article 27 Paragraph (3) which does not explain what kind of act that leads to defamation is so that this phrase has a very broad meaning and is considered by the community and various circles as a rubber article with multiple interpretations. Several cases that occurred in Indonesia in Article 27 Paragraph (3) gave rise to the diversity of judges in making decisions. This article is a library research using a normative legal approach. This study finds that when viewed in Islamic law the main goal is to form laws to enforce justice and order in society. This justice has also been explained in Law Number 15 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation in Article 6 letter g. Defamation in Islamic law is termed tajassus (finding other people's faults), tahassus (eavesdropping on people's conversations), ghibah (gossip), fitnah (fake news) because of the similarity of illat.

History and Value of Nawa Gapura Marga Raja From the View of Cirebon Indonesia Community

Nawa Gapura Marga Raja, better known as “Lawang Sanga” among the people of the Cirebon Palace is defined as an ancient building with nine doors that is said to have been built by Prince Wangsakerta around the 17th century, 1677 AD to be exact, during the leadership of Sultan Sepuh Pangeran Syamsudin Martawidjaja. The building is a silent witness to the history of Cirebon's development until now. The uniqueness of this building is that there are nine gates in one building area, which correspond to the number of gates in the Sunan Gunung Jati burial complex. This historical study of Nawa Gapura Marga Raja based on the Cirebon community's point of view, aims to analyze and gain knowledge related to history and the cultural values ​​contained in it. Sources of data were collected in the form of buildings, ancient manuscript literature studies and interviews with philologists, Cirebon culturalists, Cirebon historians, observers of Cirebon culture, Kasepuhan Palace family, also Kasepuhan Palace tour guides and caretakers. The research method used is oral history. That is the method of recording people's conversations and then analyzing their memories of the past, which is then cross-checked with its theoretical aspects. The results of the study obtained an understanding of the history of the Nawa Gapura Marga Raja, related to the Karatuan which became the forerunner of the kingdom in Cirebon, namely Keratuan Singhapura, which is also the birthplace of Prince Cakrabuana, the ancestor of Prince Wangsakerta. Nawa Gapura Marga Raja contains noble values, the result of acculturation of religion and culture at that time, including the value of hybrid culture, togetherness, respect, as well as symbolic values ​​related to the traditional culture of the Cirebon people when communicating with God. Keywords: Cirebon, Nawa Gapura Marga Raja, Cultural Values, History. DOI: 10.7176/ADS/101-01 Publication date: June 30 th 2022

Pemodelan Topik pada Cuitan tentang Penyakit Tropis di Indonesia dengan Metode Latent Dirichlet Allocation

Indonesia has a wide area and society. Therefore, a lot of information appear through social media, especially Twitter. This study aims to find out about conversation topics discussed by Indonesian people related to tropical diseases especially leprosy, malaria, and dengue fever. To find out the discussion topics, it can use the modeling topics analysis. One of the methods in topic modeling is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Tweet data on tropical diseases in Indonesia was analyzed through this method. The study results showed that LDA was succeed in modeling the trend of Indonesian people's conversation topics related to tropical diseases. It obtained as many as 5 topics with a coherence value of 0.576453. Based on the results of the topic modeling, it can be concluded that the topics are such as the used funds to eradicate malaria and dengue fever, covid-19, blindness and leprosy, and its treatments and preventions.

Vocatives accompanied by modal particles at the end of statements in the Southerners’ communication

Vocatives and modal particles, in Vietnamese in general and the Southern dialect in particular, are the linguistic patterns that contribute to expressing attitude and emotional meanings. This study examines the relationship between the vocatives and the modal particles at the end of the Southerners’ statements. Fieldwork method is applied in this study: data on people's conversations at 11 Southern provinces and cities are collected and analyzed. The results show that it is common that vocatives are accompanied by modal particles in the Southerners’ communication, which adds rich semantic nuances to the communication. In addition, either the vocatives come before or after modal particles also leads to the shift of speech focus, resulting in different messages in communication.

Establishing document creation support for people with upper limb disabilities by hands-free speech recognition and gaze detection

Everyday life is now inundated with the need to send, receive and process information through the written word. Many workplaces rely heavily on email for communication between colleagues, both local and across the world. News sites, social media and even remaining in contact with friends all primarily employ text as the language medium of choice. Naturally, there are many reasons for this, ranging from the convenience of giving someone time to think and reply to keeping information more private. For the able-bodied, typing on a computer or smartphone is quick and easy. However, these typing-based modes of interaction are much more difficult for those who have upper limb disabilities. If you cannot use your arms or hands in the same manner as the able-bodied, you cannot easily participate in this world of text-based communication. Better solutions are required. In recent years, technology aimed at converting speech into text has been growing. Such functions now exist on all smartphones and many computers, as well as in other mediums like digital personal assistants. This sort of technology can be very convenient if you have a lot on your hands, but it can be transformative for those with upper limb disabilities. The problem, however, is that speech recognition technology still struggles in a few key areas. Firstly, when there is background noise for a microphone to detect, this can confuse the speech recognition software. Background noise, of course, is nearly always present through everyday occurrences such as traffic, other people's conversations and reverberations. The second major problem is the recognition by the software of punctuation. Both cases lead to errors in transcription that are usually corrected manually by the user. Naturally, this is not possible for the upper limb disabled. Finding better solutions to the current shortcomings of speech-to-text software is a focus for Assistant Professor Ryoichi Miyazaki of the Department of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering at the National Institute of Technology, Tokuyama College, Japan.

An experimental study of the formation of collective memories in social networks

The psychological research on the formation of collective memories has explored how individuals come to hold similar memories following conversational interactions in social networks. These collective memories are dependent on both individual-level cognitive mechanisms as well as on the social influence exerted during people's conversations. Building on this work, we investigate the impact of the network structure of conversational interactions on the formation of collective memories in 16-member networks. We manipulate two parameters of conversational networks that were previously found to impact information diffusion in networks: network reachability and network clustering. We find that clustering significantly impacts the emerging collective memory, but reachability does not. Additionally, a participant's influence on the content of the network's collective memory depends on both their topological position in the network and on how early their conversations occur in the conversational network.

Methods to assess the impact of test measurement uncertainty on downstream clinical outcomes: A case study of faecal calprotectin (FC) for the diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

The psychological research on the formation of collective memories has explored how individuals come to hold similar memories following conversational interactions in social networks. These collective memories are dependent on both individual-level cognitive mechanisms as well as on the social influence exerted during people's conversations. Building on this work, we investigate the impact of the network structure of conversational interactions on the formation of collective memories in 16-member networks. We manipulate two parameters of conversational networks that were previously found to impact information diffusion in networks: network reachability and network clustering. We find that clustering significantly impacts the emerging collective memory, but reachability does not. Additionally, a participant's influence on the content of the network's collective memory depends on both their topological position in the network and on how early their conversations occur in the conversational network.

Yes, Mike?, and: Blood and Tofu, and: Twin Cities

Yes, Mike?, and: Blood and Tofu, and: Twin Cities Jonathan Cardew (bio) Yes, Mike? I was supposed to be giving a talk on dinosaurs to my kid's K-5 class, but I wasn't feeling it. Their supple, eager faces stared at me, expecting pterodactyls. I groaned not expecting to groan—actually expecting to say something funny and engaging. But, like I said, I wasn't feeling it. I picked up my leather purse and walked to the back of class. The teacher swooped her arms and clicked her fingers, and the class settled down. You could hear a pin drop. She had a way with kids—and she was beautiful, too. Barely twenty-five. Gorgeous, in fact. "Does anybody know anything about dinosaurs?" she said, smiling widely. My kid, of course, shot her hand up first. "Yes, Tina?" "They're dead," she said, looking straight into the teacher's eyes. "Why isn't my Mom doing it?" The gorgeous K-5 teacher glanced at me. I saw in that look a super-quick summary of her years in teacher education—a yearning for acceptance, a need to nurture. For some reason, in my mind, she looked twelve throughout her undergraduate studies. "Your mom, Tina," she started, not hesitating, "wants to know what you guys know. She wants to hear about your feelings…in regards to dinosaurs." A boy two rows in front of me waved his hand like he'd had an epiphany. He was the kind of boy you ignored because he was constantly putting his hand up and butting into other people's conversations. "Yes, Mike?" Mike, for some reason, rolled his hands over the patch of carpet in front of him. "Ermmm, ermmm" he began, long-windedly. "Ermmm, ermmm. I think, ermmmm, ermmmm, that…" … Juice boxes were devoured, crushed and strewn across tables, the sticky apple juice bubbling from gnawed straws. I was sinking into my own juice box—a spare. It was the end of the presentation, and I felt small. Of course I felt small; I was in a tiny seat. [End Page 116] I watched as the K-5 teacher skewered straws efficiently into each kid's box. The way she did it was from the elbow, or from the heart. One girl, without any teeth, tugged at my sleeve with her wet fingers. "I like your hair," she said, smiling with all her gums. "Why, thank you," I said, smiling back at her—or at least trying to because I still wasn't feeling it at all. "I like the way it," she did a hand movement in the air, "flops down." I assisted in the clean up. The gorgeous, young, perfectly squeaky clean and professional K-5 teacher busied herself in the classroom as any gorgeous K-5 teacher would. She told me how the class was preparing for a unit on rivers, and their role in rural, semi-rural, and urban landscapes. "It's exciting," she said—looking excited. "We're going to wade out into the river and investigate the kinds of invertebrates that make up this eco-system. Do samples. Chart it up. That kind of thing." She looked like she wanted to say something else to me. I fully expected her to say something else. "That's great," I said, suddenly feeling like we were standing too close. All around us, kids were shoveling their shit into backpacks: water bottles and gloves and papers with badly drawn dinosaurs, scrawled in inappropriately colored crayons. They were a ramshackle bunch--a mess of limbs and loud noises. I watched as Tina chatted to Mike—except, I think, it was more that she was trying to ignore him. That was my girl. "You should come," said the K-5 teacher—almost too quietly, almost as a whisper into my ear. I wanted to touch her knitted sweater sleeve; I wanted to feel the warmth of her nurturing, the kindness in her toned arms. [End Page 117] Blood and Tofu "Could you pass the hot sauce?" "Sure," I said, handing it to him. We had become people who ate tofu scramblers. "I'm going to try it," he said, narrating...

Development of the Use of Conversational Cues to Assess Reality Status

In this study, the authors assessed children's ability to use information overheard in other people's conversations to judge the reality status of a novel entity. Three- to 9-year-old children (N = 101) watched video clips in which two adults conversed casually about a novel being. Videos contained statements that explicitly denied, explicitly affirmed, or implicitly acknowledged the entity's existence. Results indicated that children of all ages used statements of denial to discount the reality status of the novel entity, but that this ability improved with age. By age 5, children used implicit existence cues to judge a novel entity as being real. Not until age 9, however, did children begin to doubt the existence of entities whose reality status was explicitly affirmed in conversation. Overall, results indicate that the ability to use conversational cues to determine reality status is present in some children as early as age 3, but recognition of the nuanced language of belief continues to develop during the elementary-school years.

The Constant Murmur of Data

The Constant Murmur of Data

The development of other-related conversational skills: A case study of conversational repair during the early years

The analysis of conversational repair provides one route into understanding how young children learn the skills required for participating in talk. One key aspect of repair is the ability to respond appropriately to other participants. Employing a longitudinal case study approach, this article examines in detail the conversational repair skills of one child during the period where she is acquiring core conversational abilities and competencies (from 1;0 to 3;10). Focusing on the development of other-related conversational repair skills, 163 instances of other-related repair were examined and analysed. Extracts highlight the skills the child employed in self-repairs in response to others, as well as when repairing or correcting other people's conversation. The findings indicate that during the early years other-initiated self-repair is a more common occurrence than repairing others' talk. The findings provide insights into the significance of conversational repair for language development during the preschool years.

Hard boys, attractive girls: expressions of gender in young people's conversations on smoking in Northern Ireland.

Health behaviour and attitudes among young people can be interpreted within the context of personal and social identity. This paper explores ways in which 10- to 11-year-olds in Northern Ireland expressed perceptions of gender ideology while discussing the topic of smoking. The data were gathered by means of in-depth interviews (n=85). Although few had tried smoking, the positive quality of their own gender appeared to be expressed through negative assessment of smokers of the opposite gender, and on different ideas of perceived gender dimensions in adult smoking. In order to deliver successful health promotion interventions, it is crucial to understand and address differences based on gender as it may partly explain differences in smoking experimentation and prevalence.

Metaphors We Live by: Some Examples from Donegal Irish

Keith Basso (1990: xii), in discussing the value of anthropological linguistics for the ethnographer, proposes that: it proceeds on the premise that ethnographic fieldwork is centered on discerning the meanings of local symbolic forms, that language is everywhere a symbolic form without parallel or peer and that the activity of speaking-of enacting and implementing language-is surely among the meaning-filled of all. On such a view, language emerges as a powerful vehicle of thought and a crucial instrument for accomplishing social interaction, as an indispensable means of knowing the world and for performing deeds within it. This paper discusses some of the results of recent fieldwork in discovering the meaning of some of Donegal's local symbolic forms as enacted and implemented in the Irish language. The consultants who provided the information are all from Donegal, from Tory Island and from Rannafast specifically, but I believe their testimony has a wider application than in those localities alone. My evidence will support an idea that linguistic metaphors are important in the way that human beings understand the physical environment. My title is borrowed from a well known work by Lakoff and Johnson, who contend that: Since much of our social reality is understood in metaphorical terms, and since our conception of the physical world is partly metaphorical, metaphor plays a very significant role in determining what is real for us. (Lakoff and Johnson 1980, 146) Their view opposes the objectivist viewpoint that metaphor can, at best, only describe reality, upon which lived human experience has no bearing. The authors discuss a large amount of data in putting forward their argument, and seem to me to make a convincing case. In another work, Lakoff and Turner propose that metaphors in everyday language are not dead, as has been suggested, by virtue of the fact that speakers are not fully conscious of them (1989). On the contrary, they hold that those metaphors which are most alive and deeply entrenched, efficient and powerful are those that are so automatic as to be unconscious and effortless (Lakoff and Turner, 1989, 129). What is valuable about this view of metaphor is that it treats everyday spoken language as a coherent metaphorical system, as Basso advocates. This paper will examine a complex of such concepts and their importance for understanding the world view of native Gaelic speakers, primarily in a contemporary context. I will, however, also offer some diachronic comparisons in order to suggest that these concepts are of considerable antiquity and importance. Although these are terms which, in themselves, are not ostensibly metaphorical, my argument will propose that metaphorical assumptions underpin their semantic interpretation. Finally, I will discuss Kerby A. Miller's reading of the Gaelic Catholic worldview (1985), in light of my evidence, suggesting that a certain imbalance exists in his interpretation of it, and attempting to redress it to some extent. In researching the poetics of entertainment of Tory Island over a number of Years, with a particular focus on song, I became aware of two seemingly opposing phrases which cropped up regularly enough in people's conversations. One was the way in which one of my consultants described the schoolhouse dance particularly when things were not going too well at it. The aim of the dance was to provide an niche mhor, a big night, for all the participants, that is, a night which would be discussed for days afterwards because of its sterling performances of music, group and single dances and songs (6 Laoire, 1999). On big nights such as this, certain events permanently enter the island's repertoire of stories, because of the witty or humorous nature of what someone had said or done. This depended on all playing their parts with skill and precision in order to reach the high point. This was known as keeping the night up. …

Loneliness and the Evaluation of Relational Events

If loneliness inclines people to a general hostility towards others and to a disparaging style about social interaction, then the style should appear in studies of lonely people interacting with their friends, as well as observing other persons they do not know. We conducted a study with 4 features: it compared (a) lonely and non-lonely persons' evaluation of (b) their own and other people's conversations with friends, using (c) both free evaluation and videotape-prompted evaluation (d) both immediately after the interaction and 6 weeks later. Lonely persons did not consistently evaluate their or others' conversations negatively, though they tended to rate communication quality lower. They did, however, draw negative global conclusions about their own relationships, especially after reviewing a videotape of their own interaction 6 weeks later. We conjecture that lonely people are negative about interactions when they focus on their own communicative performance, and that they also have characteristic ways of evaluating and generalizing from their own interactions that feed into general patterns of dissatisfaction with their own social performance in relationships as a whole.