People Of Papua Research Articles

Analisis Pelanggaran Hak Pada Manusia Yang Dilakukan Oleh Organisasi Yang Ada Di Papua

The implementation of human rights in Papua has been a matter of national and international concern for several decades. This prolonged conflict can involve various factors, including government organizations. Violations of this right can be carried out by other organizations in Papua and can have an impact on the local community. Papua has a long history of conflict, armed conflict between the army and separatist groups such as the Papuan Organization which has caused various violations of rights. Not only that, there are also various military operations that can be carried out to control the security situation, which often results in accusations of serious violations of rights. Many efforts were involved in solving this case, namely by using torture and other violence. The existence of this case certainly has various impacts, one of which is that these violations have resulted in psychological trauma, insecurity, and also a decline in the quality of life of the people in Papua. In addition, distrust of the government and security agencies is increasing, exacerbating conflict situations and can also hamper the peace process.

Marketing Communication Strategy in Tourism Development based on Local Wisdom of Jayapura City Communities

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Based on a two-way communication model, effective communication between stakeholders can foster citizen participation in tourism management. Jayapura City's coastal tourism potential must be professionally managed, as evidenced by limited facilities and ineffective promotional strategies. The study aims to examine the community's social, economic, and cultural characteristics and devise an effective marketing communication strategy for developing coastal tourism in Jayapura City.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative approach utilizing a causal descriptive survey method, also called mixed methods. With Lisrell, the research was analyzed using multiple linear regression and the Structural Equation Model (SEM) model.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> The effectiveness of marketing communication in the development of beach tourism in Jayapura City is relatively low in the role of tourism managers and the use of media in tourism promotion. Coastal tourism managers are still dominated by the elderly who are not updated with digital technology. The potential of culture and local wisdom has not been optimized in tourism management. There has been no synergy between interested parties such as government, customary, and community in the application of tourism marketing communication.</p><strong>Originality:</strong> Many studies have been conducted on tourism marketing communication strategies, but only a few have studied them from the perspective of tourism development which involves participation and local wisdom of the people in Papua. This study shows that marketing communication strategies are part of the solution, and research on local wisdom and community culture can provide alternative tourism development to improve the welfare of local communities.

Attitudes of the original people of Papua in consuming areca

The people of Papua have long been consuming areca nut. The embodiment of a person's thoughts and feelings to make a decision to take the act of consuming areca nut is an important attitude for a person. Attitude concerns knowledge, feelings, and the embodiment of actions that will direct someone to behave. This study aims to examine the attitudes of the Papuan people regarding the activity of chewing areca nut, chewing health, and maintaining environmental cleanliness as a result of chewing areca nut. The research was conducted in Manokwari City, West Manokwari District using a survey method with interview techniques of 120 respondents from indigenous Papuans. The measurement indicator uses tiered scores with the lowest score 1 to the highest score 5. Data is analyzed using simple tabulations and partial least squares test. The results of the study conclude that the Papuan people agree that chewing areca nut creates self-confidence, feelings of pleasure, and creates a friendly atmosphere. The Papuan people agree that consuming betel nut causes strong teeth and an odorless mouth. The attitude of the Papuan people in keeping the environment clean as a result of chewing areca nut is manifested in a statement not to throw spit and betel dregs anywhere, but this statement of attitude is not followed by any real behavior. There is a positive relationship between the attitude of chewing and the health of chewing areca nut on the attitude of keeping the environment clean.

Patterns of Pig Farms in Fakfak District, West Papua Province, Indonesia

In the lives of indigenous people in Papua, pigs are in first place as domesticated livestock. Keeping pigs is closely related to socio-cultural values ​​because they are used as matrimonial assets, determine social status, and are used in customary practices and cultural ceremonies. The study aims to find out the profile of farmers and their understanding of raising pigs. The research was conducted using a survey method on the population of pig farmers in Fakfak and Pariwari. Field data were collected from 20 pig farmers using a survey method based on a structured questionnaire. The data was tabulated and calculated using Minitab version 17 to get the mean and frequencies of each variable measured. The result showed that most of the farmers are of productive age with an education level of senior high school. The highest percentage of family members involved in raising pigs is 1-2 people per family. The pigs raised are Veredeld Duits Landvarkencross (VDL) breed pigs. Pigs are kept in pens made of stone walls. The feed given to pigs consists of tofu dregs, food stall waste, household waste, and forage (water spinach, sweet potato leaves, taro leaves). They are mated naturally with a litter size was only 3-4 per sow. They are healthy and growing well. In general, pig diseases that are often found are diarrhea, bloating, worms, and scabies. Raising pigs is only used as a side business for savings and sudden needs. Income is generated through the sale of live livestock (piglets or adult pigs) and pork.

Traditional Games from Sentani Papua: Documentation and the Potentials of Utilization

The Sentani people in Papua have wealth of cultural heritages which was formerly actively practiced. One of them is traditional games (TG). Since 1970 when their area turned into a provincial capital and infrastructure development took place and modernization, the Sentani people began to lose land for TG. Now the younger generation does not recognize and practice these traditional sports and games. This study aims to (1) document traditional Sentani sports and games and (2) discuss their potential utilization in several fields. This research was conducted in October-December 2022 in several villages and islands on Lake Sentani through interviews and FGDs with informants consisting of tribal chiefs, the elders, Papuan customary council members, and government officials. This research found several TG which can be divided into two, namely water TG i.e., rukha hasai, rem phaeikho-phaeikho, and bhu phaeikho-phaeikho as well as land TG, i.e., mokhone oro habele sablei, fela-fela, and mendelauw. TG couldbe utilized as media of education, charater building, tourism and creative economy. Apart from being a social awareness, it is hoped that this research can become a cultural preservation of Sentani and utilized so that this intangible heritage does not become extinct and can be disseminated to the world community.

Analisis Dampak Otonomi Khusus dalam Upaya Optimalisasi Sektor Pendidikan di Provinsi Papua

<p>The presence of the Special Autonomy Law for the Province of Papua is a positive stimulant to bring about prosperity in the education sector. However, so far it has been found that the education sector is one of the sectors that has not run optimally. Special autonomy, which has not had a significant impact on the education sector, has created disparities in education between Papua Province and other regions in Indonesia. Based on this, this study seeks to examine the impact of the special autonomy policy on optimizing the education sector in Papua Province. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis model. The main data in this study comes from literature studies. The results of this study found that special autonomy has not had a significant impact on the people of Papua. This can be seen from the IPM of Papua Province which is at the bottom of the national standings. On the other side, the Papuan community's school enrollment rates and average length of schooling are still far below the national APS and RLS. This means that special autonomy has not been able to bring optimal impact on the education sector. There are several inhibiting factors, including the lack of political will from the Papua Provincial Government, the existence of corrupt practices, the lack of involvement of the Papuan People's Council in evaluating the allocation of autonomy funds in particular, including in evaluating the allocation of funds for the education sector and due to the contours of the area being quite large and difficult.</p>

Grand Design for Provincial Expansion in Papua from the Perspective of 7 (Seven) Cultural Regions

This research aims to identify seven cultural regions that can contribute to the development of contemporary and future Papua, while adhering to the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This study combines the theory of "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" and the concept of a cultural approach, with a focus on the threefold spirit of Melanesian brotherhood among the people of Papua. The integration of these two conceptual frameworks is crucial in preserving the nation's existence amidst its diverse population. The goal of this effort is to ensure answers and provide recommendations for a comprehensive development plan for the expansion of the Papua Province. The research prioritizes the use of qualitative data through interviews with informants and respondents. The aim is to explore the potential consequences of regional expansion when approached through a comprehensive cultural lens, based on anthropological and sociological perspectives influenced by Papuan and Melanesian studies. This research is based on the theoretical framework of "Structuralist Anthropology" developed by the Leiden School of Anthropology, with a specific focus on the concept of regionalism known as FoS (Field of Anthropological). The findings of this research examine a comprehensive plan to expand to seven provinces in Papua. From a cultural perspective, this approach is considered a more appropriate solution for realizing a prosperous future for Papua, with the ultimate goal of improving the well-being of its population within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.

KONSELING LINTAS BUDAYA DAN AGAMA: SUATU UPAYA PENANGANAN DISKRIMINASI TERHADAP MAHASISWA PAPUA

The issue of discrimination, both racial and religious, in Indonesia remains prevalent despite various laws.. From various literature and data, it is illustrated that cases of discrimination in Indonesia are most often aimed at the people of Papua as well as students from Papua. This research will take a deeper look at the development of cases of racial and religious discrimination against students from Papua and offer a concept of multicultural and religious counseling on this issue. This research is a research with a qualitative approach to the type of library research (library research). The data sources in this study are books, documents, scientific articles, and previous research in national scientific journals. The internal data collection method used in this research is the documentation method with content analysis techniques. The results of this study show that Papuan students often receive various forms of discriminatory treatment from friends, the community, and even officials. They also felt various impacts, ranging from social, legal, political, and religious to psychological impacts. Counseling based on multi-cultures and religions with various services and approaches is a solution in efforts to prevent, reduce, and alleviate this problem.

Medicinal plants in Inamberi Research Station of Manokwari and their conservation status

Papua is well-known for its medicinal plants. However, several of them are not well documented yet. Numerous efforts have recently been addressed to record medicinal plants in different parts of Papua. This study aimed to identify medicinal plants in the Inamberi Research Station of Manokwari, West Papua Province. All plant species grown in the research station were listed and documented. The method used in this study was the observation method with survey techniques. Literature reviews were performed to identify the medicinal plants that were generally used by the local people of Papua. The conservation status of medicinal plants was derived from the IUCN red list website. The total medicinal plants grown in the research station were about 43 species, dominated by Euphorbiaceae and Moraceae families. Trees were the dominant medicinal plants. Medicinal plants in the research station can treat various diseases and some of them can cure more than one disease. Local people of Papua generally utilize leaves as medicinal plants. The utilization of medicinal plants was simple: boiling and drinking, directly eating it, chewing and attaching it to the wounds, and rubbing it on the skin. The conservation status of medicinal plants was categorized as low risk. However, concern should be given to Pterocarpus indicus that has been categorized by IUCN as an Endangered species. Ex situ and in situ conservation are required to protect this species

Special Autonomy as Indonesia’s National Policy to Improve the Welfare of the People of Papua

Indonesia has applied special autonomy to make Papua pursue other provinces' development progress and end the separatist movement for 22 years since 2001. The policy has not been successful because separatism, terrorism, and insurgency against Indonesia in various remote areas and urban areas of Papua Province causing fatalities from civilians, Papuan Native, Indonesian National Armed Forces/Police, and Papuan Terrorist Separatist Groups themselves continue to emerge, precisely when Papua should focus on implementing their special autonomy policy. This study discusses how the special autonomy had been implemented as a national policy to improve the welfare of the people of Papua amidst the increasing intensity of the separatism, terrorism, and insurgency carried out by the Papuan Terrorist Separatist Group. This study uses a qualitative method and a descriptive analysis approach; data was obtained by literature study and deep interview techniques with various stakeholders. This study reveals that the state budget allocated for the special autonomy was not used properly based on the good governance principle as previously expected by the central Government. In contrast, the money was found illegally transferred to the Papuan Terrorist Separatist Group, supporters (active and passive), and sympathizers to operate their armed struggles, separatism, and propaganda activities, undermining the authority of the central Government and threatening the sovereignty of Indonesia. This study recommends the special autonomy policy be prolonged and strengthened for the next two decades with conditionalities that it should be prepared with detailed development planning and transparent and good supervision involving various stakeholders. Furthermore, the division of the Province in Papua from the current two into five provinces must be accelerated to bring the national development present in the Papuan Natives.

Papua Special Autonomy in Engagement With Gender, Generations and Deforestation: Insight From Feminist Political Ecology

Forest governance within the framework of Special Autonomy in Papua is about improving the welfare of the Papuan people for indigenous communities. The conversion of customary forests into monoculture plantations is the main problem causing deforestation in Papua. In the patrilineal structure and patriarchal culture inherent in Papua, women only have forest management rights, while ownership rights are in the hands of men, and women will feel the impact more heavily than men when environmental degradation continues. Women's limitations in customary construction limit access and control over resources, experience vulnerability, are displaced from their living space and lose their source of livelihood. On the other hand, young people in Papua, as key actors in the process of economic and social change in Papua, have not been widely explored regarding their aspirations and role in forest governance. This study explores various academic literature and grey literature in the form of institutional work reports on forest governance in Papua with feminist political ecology focusing on the situation of gender, generations and young people, deforestation and forest governance in Papua. This study found that indigenous women and young people as part of indigenous communities are still often not considered and excluded from discussion spaces that determine the future of forest governance in Papua. Special Autonomy as respect, recognition and protection for the Papuan people. In the future, it is hoped that this can be a way to overcome injustice and inequality in the management of natural resources experienced by the people in Papua.

The Ethical Dimension of Land as Mother in the Perspective of Yawa Unat Indigenous Communtiy

Since ancient times, Yawa Unat have indigenous community revered the land as Mother. The land is a precious and vital resource for indigenous peoples. Nevertheless, the area considered sacred has a very significant economic worth for survival. Realizing that they had lost their land rights and their relationship with the land during the preceding decade, the Yawa Unat sold the land. The land is not simply a mother whose womb gives birth to and enriches the lives of the Yawa Unat Tribe's people. So far, study on Yawa Unat has focused mostly on the economic and religious significance of land as mom. Consequently, the struggle of the Yawa Unat tribe to defend their land is viewed as concentrated solely on their own interests. Furthermore, in this research, utilizing Carolyn Merhant's feminist approach, we suggest that land as a mother has a significant value for the balance of the ecosystem of life for both Yawa Unat and the people of Papua and the natural world of Papua holistically. Therefore, the ethical aspect of Yawa Unat's battle has a significant global impact on the human-nature interaction in Papua. Lastly, this research is limited to ethical considerations and does not yet address features of local religious politics and religious liberty that are crucial to this topic.

Comparative Morphology and Ecological Distribution of Molat Sago Species (Metroxylon sago rottbol) in Anggopi Village

Sago is the staple food of the people of Papua, which has a high starch content, with a distribution area that varies according to the texture of the soil owned by each region in Papua. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative morphology of the Molat sago species (Metroxylon sago Rottbol) and the Ecological Distribution of the Molat sago species (Metroxylon sago Rottbol) in Anggopi Village, Oridek District, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua Province. This study used an observational qualitative method, in which researchers made observations on comparative morphology and ecological distribution in 3 quadrants in Angopi Village, Oridek District. The results of this study were that researchers were able to analyze the morphology of the sago molat species with details and the ecological distribution of the sago molat (Metroxylon sago Rottbol) in Anggopi Village, Oridek District, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua Province, based on the analysis of the Morisita study, which is in the category of clustered distribution because Id = 0.786 or more than > 0. Factors that affect the group Ecological Distribution of sago plants that grow wild in the forest in the area are Seed Morphology, Soil Texture, Soil Structure and Soil Acidity.

Expert System for Diagnosing Areca Plant Diseases Using the Certainty Factor Method

Areca nut is a plant that is cultivated by the people of Papua as a means of livelihood. Areca nut has many benefits, starting from the fruit, leaves, roots, and the economic value of betel nut is also quite good. The problem often encountered by areca cultivators is the damage caused by areca plant diseases, causing losses both in terms of yield and control. In this study, the expert system for diagnosing areca plant diseases uses the Certainty Factor method, the essence of this method is to measure whether it is certain or uncertain in diagnosing disease based on the type of disease and disease symptoms found in areca plants, there are 8 types of areca plant diseases, namely spotting and yellowing, red leaf rust, stem base rot, fruit rot, shoot rot, root rot, flower and leaf fall and stunted plants. With the problems that occur, researchers will create an expert system that can help areca nut cultivators in diagnosing diseases in areca palm plants, it is hoped that this system can help areca cultivators by applying the Certainty Factor method which adopts expert knowledge into a computerized system so that the system can solve problems like an expert.

Papua Conflict Resolution Challenges: The Linkage Of Relative Deprivation With The Spirit Of Separatism Of Indigenous Papuans

For many years, the Land of Papua has experienced bloody battles as separatist parties fought for independence from the Indonesian government. Understanding how relative hardship contributes to complaints and drives violent action is one of the critical obstacles to resolving these disputes. Indigenous people in Papua have long felt exploited and marginalized by the national government and international businesses that take resources out of the area. Compared to others in a social group or society, the sense of unfair disadvantage is called relative deprivation. This feeling of relative deprivation has fostered demands for independence and violent confrontations with security forces. In order to analyze a specific phenomenon, this research study employs a qualitative methodology that includes a thorough literature review of reliable papers. The result of this study is that the Papuan people experience relative deprivation because they have lost what previously belonged to them, such as land and resource rights, political representation, cultural identity, human rights, and fair social services. This sense of loss has caused deprivation in the Papuan people. At the same time, this deprivation fosters a separatist spirit channelled through acts of violence that cause casualties. The central government's lack of concern exacerbates the relative deprivation conditions of the Papuan people. Thus, the people of Papua are increasingly marginalized by the central government.

Perpektif Pemerintah Provinsi Papua Pada Penerimaan Pemekaran Daerah Otonomi Baru Di Provinsi Papua

This study aims to analyze the perspective of the Papua provincial government on the acceptance of the new autonomous region in Papua province. The research was conducted from March to April 2023 in Papua Province as the parent province among the three new autonomous regions. The data analysis technique used in this study is an interactive qualitative technique. The results of the research are that other regional governments also consider that the expansion of the New Autonomous Region (PDOB) in the provinces of Papua and West Papua is indeed a necessity and can be assessed as the impact of Papua's mismanagement so far. The policy of the central government must side with the regional government in Papua, but this is not democratic and does not understand the history and character of the indigenous Papuans, so that the state's goals can be fulfilled in carrying out the Expansion of the New Autonomous Region (PDOB) in Papua with political strategies that are dominated by the government with an action that can realize the ability to carry out development and welfare for the people of Papua and in general for the Indonesian state.

Studying the Fulfilment of Constitutional Rights by Implementing the Noken System in the General Elections in Papua

The purpose of this research is to analyze the general election system in Papua that uses the Noken system, which is related to the realization of citizens' constitutional rights regulated by the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used is normative law using secondary data. The results of the study show that the Noken system in the implementation of regional elections in Papua is not democratic and is not in accordance with the principles of general elections, thus violating Article 43 of Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. "The Noken system in organizing regional elections has no place in the constitution in Indonesia. The implementation of the Noken system in the implementation of local elections is subject to money politics or buying and selling of votes carried out by political elites with the help of local traditional leaders. The law has not been implemented optimally. Political education is still not much known by the indigenous people of Papua.

The Implementation of Customary Court Within the Framework of Law Number 21 of 2001 Concerning Special Autonomy of the Province of Papua

The Adat (customary) community in the province of Papua is of a diverse culture that respects and maintains Adat law. Under Law Number 21 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy in the Province of Papua, an Adat community is defined as a group of native people of Papua who, since their birth, have been living in a particular territory, bound to, and compliant with a particular Adat law with solidarity upheld by the members of the community. This research seeks to analyse the legal tenets of the Adat court that the people of Waena have to abide by, how criminal offences are settled under an Adat court of Waena, and the impacts of the implementation of special autonomy in the Adat community of Waena within the scope of Adat law. This research employed an empirical-legal method, supported by primary and secondary data. Data were collected from in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The research results reveal that the locals of Waena uphold the Adat law passed from their ancestors, while also abiding by the state’s law as the general law (unification). The special autonomy in place in the community of Papua under Law Number 21 of 2001 reinforces the existence of Adat law and the role of an Adat court in resolving both private and criminal cases faced by the native people of Waena. The judiciary structure of the Adat community concerned consists of Ondofolo/ondoafi as the Chief Judge/chief of deliberation and koshelo in Kampong Waena as the members. Three pillars serve to govern the life of the people of Adat institution, churches, and the government of Kampong.

Discursive Practice Used in Sermons of Waibu Moi Churches in Jayapura

Sermon has vital roles in educating the people of Papua in Jayapura. It is considered one of the legal ways effect the attitude of Papuan Christianity. Sermon conducted in Waibu Moi Churches of Jayapura contains power of language to ensure the life as Christianity. The power of language used by the preacher is seen by using discursive text analysis. The goal of this study is to present the language power used by the preacher in Waibu-Moi Churches of Jayapura. The method applied in this study was descriptive qualitative. The data was taken from 5 churches which have good management by using recording technique. The techniques of analyzing data were transcription, reducing, data display, and analysis. The Analysis of data used the theory of Fairclough, discursive dimensions, combined with the analysis of formal aspect of language namely experiential analysis. The results of this analysis show that the power of language used by the preachers in Waibu Moi churches are generally forms the features of analogy , cause and effect, affirmation statements, and code of language in mixing and switching.

HEALTH ANALYSIS OF RICE PLANTS BASED ON THE NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI) VALUE IN IMAGE OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT (CASE STUDY OF MERAUKE - PAPUA SELATAN)

Remote sensing technology uses various vehicles including satellites, helicopters, aircraft, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Drones. Remote sensing technology is often used in agriculture, especially for monitoring rice fields, helping the age of rice and so on. In the current technological era, drone devices are vehicles that are often used to monitor rice fields which are considered effective, considering that the data obtained is the latest data during flights, this is also balanced with current developments in various fields, especially for capturing air, drones be an alternative choice than other alternatives that are considered conventional. Rice is an important cultivated crop because it is a staple food for 90% of Indonesia's population, and also for the people of Papua in Merauke, which is a national food storage area. However, the obstacle that is often experienced is interference from rice diseases. Therefore a fast and accurate analysis of the health of rice plants is needed using the NDVI or Normalized Difference Vegetation Index which is a method for comparing the level of greenness of vegetation originating from drone imagery, with the value of the NDVI we can know the classification of the health of rice plants. In this study the classification of rice plant health was divided into 4 classes. Very good health is in the NDVI value range 0.721-0.92, for good health the NDVI value range is between 0.421-0.72, and normal health NDVI values are in the range 0.221-0.42, while in poor health the NDVI value is 0.11-0.22. With the utilization of drone device technology, it is possible to analyze rice plants per hectare with a normal health classification with an area of 14,877,315 Ha. Whereas in the good health classification the area is 9,846,833 Ha and in the very good health classification the area is 8,922,892