Life Of People Research Articles

Addressing disaster-related internal displacement through participatory initiatives

One of the most severe consequences of disasters on people's lives is displacement. When their homes or places of habitual residence are too badly damaged, and their support networks or socioeconomic resources do not allow them to repair and stay in disaster-affected areas, they are forced to leave their homes temporarily or forever. In disaster risk reduction practice, it is therefore essential to take displacement in consideration and incorporate measures to prevent it, or mitigate it as much as possible.The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), which has been recognized by the United Nations as a key provider of data on internal displacement at the global level, started documenting promising and successful initiatives that have managed to do so in various countries and disaster contexts. One of the main takeaways from this research is that participatory approaches that involve affected communities tend to be much more impactful and sustainable than others.From drought-affected communities in sub-Saharan Africa to urban settlements repeatedly ravaged by Monsoon floods in Asia, this brief practitioner article presents selected case studies to show how participation can contribute to overcoming some of the most frequent challenges of prevention and response to disaster displacement around the world.

Aging-Related Metabolome Analysis of the Masseter Muscle in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8.

Frailty is a vulnerable state that marks the transition to long-term care for older people. Early detection and prevention of sarcopenia, the main symptom of frailty, are important to ensure an excellent quality of life for older people. Recently, the relationship between frailty, sarcopenia, and oral function has been attracting attention. This study aimed to clarify the changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways due to aging in the masseter muscle of senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. A capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry metabolome analysis was performed on the masseter muscle of 12-week-old, 40-week-old, and 55-week-old mice. The expression of enzymes involved in metabolome pathways considered to be related to aging was confirmed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Clear metabolic fluctuations were observed between 12, 40-week-old, and 55-week-old SAMP8 mice. The extracted metabolic pathways were the glycolysis, polyamine metabolome, and purine metabolome pathways. Nine fluctuated metabolites were common among the groups. Spermidine and Val were increased, which was regarded as a characteristic change in the masseter muscle due to aging. In conclusion, the age-related metabolic pathways in SAMP8 mice were the glycolysis, polyamine metabolome, and purine metabolome pathways. The increased spermidine and Val levels in the masseter muscle compared with the lower limbs are characteristic changes.

Characterizing Agroecology in North Africa, a Review of 88 Sustainable Agriculture Projects

Agroecology refers to the greening of agrosystems with the mobilization of ecosystem services in order to limit exogenous inputs, enhance biodiversity and moderate the exploitation of natural resources. Agroecological practices offer pathways for transformation and transition not only of agricultural systems but of entire food systems. Through its objectives, agroecology aims at both sustainable land management and the strengthening of the livelihoods of producers and rural people and thus contributes to the fight against desertification. Currently, there is little scientific literature on the characteristics of agroecology in the Maghreb region. Several studies provide important information but they do not allow drawing up a global panorama of agroecology in the region. The proposed article highlights general characteristics of agroecology in North Africa from a review of 88 sustainable agriculture projects, which it analyzes, through an inventory of agroecological practices supported by these projects, from the frameworks of the High-Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition, 2019, on the principles of agroecology and the transition levels approach developed by Gliessman and fellows since 2007. The results show (i) differences in the observed practices depending on the agrosystems and (ii) predominant common practices across these diverse agrosystems; (iii) significant evolution in these practices over time. The majority of the agroecological innovations identified are at the plot and farm scales, with the exception of those found in oasis and mountain agrosystems, where practices integrate the scales of the territory and value chains in a more complete way.

Empowerment Through Education: Enhancing the Quality of Life of People with Type 1 Diabetes in Pakistan

Empowerment Through Education: Enhancing the Quality of Life of People with Type 1 Diabetes in Pakistan

Revolution and feelings: an introduction

ABSTRACT The recent fragmentation of the political landscape and the increasing uncertainty of its boundaries have made historians more acutely aware that politics does not exist only ‘high up’ and on the macro level but reaches deep into the private lives of people, shapes their identities and perceptions, influences their thoughts and emotions, regulates and modifies their behaviour. This makes the public/private divide a starting point from which to explore the multiple layers of politics. This is the perspective adopted in this Special Issue, that is dedicated to forms of revolutionary militancy in nineteenth and twentieth century Italy. Indeed, few other historiographical events are better suited than revolution and its concrete manifestation in history to be investigated from the perspective of private experiences, feelings, and emotions. The aim of these papers is, therefore, to describe the different Italian revolutionary cultures from the nineteenth century until the 1970s, analysing on the one hand the intersection between history and individual stories and on the other the emotional substratum of politics.

Impact of county-level urbanicity on quality of life for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in a rural state.

Impact of county-level urbanicity on quality of life for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in a rural state.

Are People Living in Urban Areas More Prone to Anxiety and Depression?

Are People Living in Urban Areas More Prone to Anxiety and Depression?

Impact of Muga Silkworm Culture in Augmenting Rural Income of Assam, India

Mugaculture is traditionally practiced by the rural population of Assam. Rearing of Muga silk worm is done by most of the villagers belonging to various districts of Assam as an additional source of income. Envisaging the prospects of Muga industry in Assam, the present work tries to study the role of Mugaculture to alleviate rural poverty. The present study was carried out in Dhemaji district of Assam during 2020 to 2022. The study focuses to examine the different aspects of Muga culture and its significance for the livelihood of local people. The parameters identified for analysis included the nature of Mugaculture practices in the study area, the contribution of Mugaculture to rural households and the economic prospects of Mugaculture. The present study finds that income from Mugaculture practices contributes significantly to the total income of the people. The Mugaculture practice in the study area is found to be an avocation that people engage in between other farming activities and people use traditional methods of Mugaculture. Income is generated through selling of cocoon, pupae and muga silk threads. Moreover, a cost-benefit ratio analysis conducted indicates that Mugaculture is a profitable venture of the people.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: audiological profile during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an otological emergency that requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent devastating impacts on people's lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, sensory deprivations have been reported in patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, including deleterious effects on the auditory pathway. This study aims to describe the audiological profile of individuals with SSNHL during the COVID-19 pandemic and to correlate hearing recovery in subgroups of individuals with or without COVID-19. Prospective cohort including patients diagnosed with SSNHL evaluated in a tertiary care center between March 2020 and September 2022. Hearing loss was confirmed with pure-tone and speech audiometry, with Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT) and word recognition score (WRS). Audiometric testing was performed at the moment of diagnosis, then 7, 30 and 120 days after diagnosis. The average degree of hearing loss was assessed by calculating the 4-frequency pure tone average (4fPTA). The investigation of COVID-19 included RT-PCR technique for the SARS-CoV-2 virus and collection of information regarding disease severity. A statistical analysis was performed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model to compare the 4fPTA between the four groups (with and without a history of COVID-19, unilateral and bilateral cases) at the end of the follow-up period. Fifty-two patients with SSNHL were assessed, 40 (76.9%) with unilateral and 12 (23.1%) with bilateral hearing loss, totaling 64 ears included. Of those, 15 (28.8%) patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were symptomatic for COVID-19. Of all unilateral cases, 22.5% were seropositive and showed symptoms of COVID-19, a number that increased to 50% for bilateral cases. Comparing the COVID-19 positive groups, individuals with unilateral SSNHL went from 40 dB as their average 4fPTA at onset to 20 dB as their average 4fPTA after 120 days, whereas those with bilateral SSNHL went from an initial average of 60 dB to a final average of 66 dB. Although the 4fPTA value of individuals with unilateral SSNHL improved in 7 days, the mean values showed no significant difference between positive and negative groups. There was a higher incidence of bilateral simultaneous SSNHL in patients who had not been vaccinated against COVID-19 and who presented with symptoms of severe COVID-19. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in more severe SSNHL, in bilateral SSNHL, and in poorer recovery from SSNHL in bilateral cases. Bilateral SSNHL was seen more frequently in patients who had not received vaccination against COVID-19.

Bed confinement in old people-Aliterature review

Particularly older people are affected by mobility restrictions and can go through the process of gradually becoming bedridden. This can potentially lead to extensive consequences for the individuals involved, which must be considered in their care. To bundle nursing implications related to the phenomenon of being bedridden in the field of long-term care and to provide impulses for research in nursing science. Research in relevant specialist databases (2003-2023) based on the criteria of ascoping review. In Germany there is astandard for maintaining and promoting mobility that addresses bed and local confinements but German language studies on these phenomena are rare. In the international context, these issues are researched more intensively, focussing on risk factors for the development of immobility and the negative consequences for those affected. The publications focus on the reduction of these factors, while less attention is paid to the organization of life in bed and the participation and involvement of those affected. The complexity of the phenomenon is not fully illustrated in current research. In order to develop anursing perspective research projects that also include aspects of life in bed are acentral aspect in order to take greater account of the reality of bedridden people's lives and their potential for participation and involvement.

Efektifitas Perda Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga Di Kota Tabanan

The problem of waste is a problem that never ends from year to year. The volume of waste always increases every year and causes various negative impacts on the environment and the sustainability of people's lives. The population is affected by the increase in waste volume. With this background, the problem formulation raised is how the implementation of Tabanan Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Waste Management in Tabanan City, and how the effectiveness of Tabanan Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 in Tabanan City. This research uses empirical legal research type, data collection techniques in this research are by conducting interviews and document studies. The results of the study found that Tabanan Regency Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Management of Household Waste and Waste Similar to Household Waste has been implemented quite well but has not been fully effective because there are still several obstacles in the implementation of the regulation, namely low awareness and knowledge of waste management and lack of facilities and infrastructure in managing waste. Sanctions against waste violators are subject to administrative sanctions in the form of verbal and / or written warnings, as well as fines.

Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation duration on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PuRe Duration Trial): A randomized controlled equivalence trial.

There is no strong evidence on the optimal duration of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes. The aim of the study was to determine whether an 8-week PR programme was equivalent to a 12-week PR programme in improving endurance exercise capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants with COPD were randomized to either an 8-week (8-wk Group) or 12-week (12-wk Group), twice weekly, supervised PR programme consisting of endurance and strength training and individualized self-management education. Between group comparisons were made at completion of each programme (i.e., week 8 or week 12), for both programmes at week 12, and at 6-12-month follow-up. The primary outcome was endurance exercise capacity measured by the endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) with the minimally important difference of 186 s set as the equivalence limit. Sixty-six participants [mean (SD); age 69 (7) years, FEV1 48 (17) %predicted] were randomized (33 per group). Between-group comparisons demonstrated that the ESWT time was equivalent for the 12-wk Group compared to the 8-wk Group at programme completion [mean (95% CI)] [71 s (-61 to 203)], week 12 [70 s (-68 to 208)], and 6-12-month follow-up [93 s (-52 to 239)], though superiority of the 12-wk Group could not be ruled out at each time point. Equivalence was shown between 8-and 12-week PR programmes for endurance exercise capacity, but superiority could not be ruled out for the 12-wk Group. Decisions about programme duration may depend on local waitlist times, healthcare budgets and patient preference.

A Descriptive Study on Entrepreneurial Ecosystems from the Lenses of Jaipur Based Startups

Today's generation seems to be more interested in entrepreneurship. The number ofindividuals taking the risk to launch their own company has significantly increased. India is no exceptionto the entrepreneurial bug. Young Indians are increasingly letting go of their fear of failure and enteringthe perilous realm of startups over the years. These business owners need the aid of a robust ecosystemto guide them on their quest to launch a profitable venture. Such firms work to improve people's lives bygenerating employment for the neighborhood, boosting the economy, and generally making thingseasier. Startups may access resources in a setting that is provided by entrepreneurial ecosystems. Thisstudy deepens our knowledge of the traits influencing how startups engage with their entrepreneurialenvironments. The survival of start-ups in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is a topic of investigation.

The Management of Disasters: An Overview

The cost of disasters has significantly increased over the past few decades, including in India.Therefore, more strategic and organized efforts are required at the global and national levels in order todecrease vulnerabilities and risks of hazards. It is important to remember that any discussion ofenvironmental catastrophes must place people's lives at its center. The severity of environmentaldisasters and the amount of money lost by societies are directly correlated. This essay examinesdisaster management.

PROCare4Life integrated care model validation

This article focuses on reporting the methodology and results of the EU funded project PROCare4Life, whose main goal has been to develop an integrated, personalised, IT system, to empower and improve the Quality of Life of elderly people living with Parkinsons’, Alzheimer’s or other dementia. Research has been implemented to evaluate the results against the PROCare4Life integrated care strategy. Multimethod, quantitative, and qualitative research has been performed, benefiting from the Pilot 3 results gathered by consortium members. The article has been organised according to the research questions, which were based on the expected results by PROCare4Life that might support the future integration of care when the system is further developed and integrated into healthcare provision organisations. The PROCare4Life system is a digital tool that includes features that might support the advance of the integration of care, such as data sharing among multidisciplinary healthcare professionals and with patients and caregivers, the enhancement of direct communication among them or the constant sharing of the data monitored by the PROCare4Life system. Technology readiness levels (TRLs) 7 was achieved by the final prototype of the PROCare4Life system. Pilot representatives consider the PROCare4Life idea and underlying model of care very innovative and promising, and believe it can certainly improve care practice through more enhanced integrated care. It is usable for people of different ages, conditions, and socioeconomic levels. It has been assessed to be more effective for elderly people living with Parkinson’s than with dementia. Patients and caregivers indicated that the system helped them reduce their anxiety and increase their quality of life. Although overall assessment of the system by healthcare professionals was positive, divided opinions were shared on its capability to save time. Requirements for future scalability have been included in the last section.

Health-Related Quality of Life of People Living with HIV: Contributions of Emotion Regulation and Self-Compassion

Living with chronic health conditions such as HIV has implications for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and improving the HRQoL of people living with HIV (PLWH) is becoming increasingly important for researchers, policymakers, and health practitioners. However, there is limited research on factors that help to explain HRQoL among persons with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined the contributions of emotion regulation and self-compassion in the HRQoL of 187 PLWH (56.1% female) drawn from the HIV clinic in a specialist hospital in southeast Nigeria. They completed the Brief Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-18), Self-compassion Scale, and Patient-Reported Outcome Quality of Life-HIV (PROQOL-HIV). While controlling for participants’ demographic variables, the regression results showed that self-compassion was positively associated with HRQoL. Higher difficulties in emotion regulation were not associated with HRQoL in the presence of self-compassion. The findings extend the outcomes of previous research in other parts of the world and support the notion that enhancing self-compassion interventions may shore up the HRQoL of people living with chronic health conditions. HRQoL interventions that embody culturally informed self-compassion strategies and developmental level approach are needed for the health system in sub-Saharan Africa.

Long-Term Impact of Community Psychiatric Care on Quality of Life amongst People Living with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.

The review examines the long-term impact of community psychiatric care on improving the quality of life of people with schizophrenia. It addresses the global burden of this disorder and the need for effective community-based care strategies. A systematic literature search was conducted in databases such as CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, Sage and ScienceDirect, with the search lasting until March 2024 and following the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria targeted studies that addressed the long-term effects of community mental health care for people aged 18 years and older with schizophrenia and included both quantitative and qualitative research designs. Studies unrelated to the research question or with significant methodological flaws were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using GRADE and GRADECERqual, in addition to critical appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Independent screening and data extraction was performed, with results summarised by thematic analysis. In total, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and included cross-sectional, cohort, qualitative and randomised controlled trial designs. The results showed that community psychiatric care significantly improves the quality of life, well-being and social integration of people with schizophrenia. Effective interventions identified include psychoeducation, cognitive behavioural therapy, social skills training and individualised care plans. However, challenges such as limited resources, labour shortages and social stigma, particularly in low-income neighbourhoods, were also identified. This study highlights the importance of continuous, personalised, multidisciplinary community-based care for sustainable mental health outcomes. Further research is recommended to investigate the long-term impact and strategies to overcome implementation challenges.

Liability chains and access to justice

Researchers working across a variety of contexts have documented a common phenomenon: the tendency for one legal liability or entanglement in people's lives to beget another. In this article, I label such phenomena liability chains and provide a framework for analyzing them as an access to justice issue. To do so, I draw on my original research on welfare fraud investigation, which included a review of documentary evidence and interviews with fraud workers in five politically and socioeconomically diverse U.S. states. Building on previous research, these data reveal three primary ways that liability chains contribute to the access to justice crisis. First, liability chains facilitate the origination of new legal problems, often in ways that are biased and systematically unequal. Second, liability chains involve processes that allow authorities to sidestep procedural protections when building criminal cases. Third, and most importantly from the access to justice perspective, liability chains produce outcomes that are unfair, with likelihoods of new legal liabilities contingent on the presence of existing liabilities and entanglements. Moving forward, this framework offers researchers a resource to test and refine in considering the access to justice implications of liability chains in various sociolegal settings.

Actions speak louder than words: An exploration of the role of shared activities in mentoring.

The paper explores the experience of mentoring for a group of 18 disadvantaged young people taking part in the PromiseWorks mentoring programme in the Southwest of the UK. It builds on previous studies which showed that the young people in the scheme found mentoring to be valuable in building a positive relationship of trust, mutual understanding and safety. Also, the young people had stated that ‘actions speak louder than words’, namely, that engaging in mutually rewarding shared activities was an important way that this sense of trust had developed. This study aimed to explore this finding further through shared interviews with 18 pairs of mentors and mentees examining the nature of the activities they had engaged in, participants’ views and how this had contributed to the development of their relationship. The findings indicated that they had engaged in a very wide range of shared activities and that these were experienced as having a variety of benefits. They were seen as a source of mutual pleasure, relief from the troubled lives of the young people, helping to gain a state of calmness and fostering abilities to think. The activities were also seen as important in distinguishing the mentoring relationship from relationships with professionals, such as with teachers, counsellors and social workers. An important overall finding was that shared activities could generate a sense of calm for the young people which could make it more possible for them to express and reflect on their circumstances. Talking and reflection emerging spontaneously rather than being felt as an expectation, as in counselling was seen as helpful.

Re-reading on the Conversion and Caste Supremacy among the Dalit Christians in Kerala

Religious conversion played a considerable change in the socio-religious life of Kerala, especially among the indigenous communities. The socio-religious upheaval movement was one of the landmarks in the history of Kerala during the 19th century. During this period, there was a considerable transformation in the socio-economic life in Kerala affected by the ‘civilizing mission’ of the protestant missionaries in the physical life of the natives, such as social, economic, political, educational, and cultural life. For that purpose, they used the tools of modernity, like fashion, food, rituals, beliefs, etc. It cannot be neglected that the missionaries in the 19th century played a notable role in the society. But we cannot read the history of Indigenous people regardless of the history produced by culture, politics, religion, and values. Conversion is a strong historical tradition that treats Christianity as an offshoot of colonialism. In the Indian context, Christianity is an integral part of the socio-cultural history of the nation, rather than as people are separated from it. During this period witnessed tremendous changes in almost all fields of socio-economic life. That is why historians considered, the 19th century as the decisive period as far as Indian history is concerned. These changes were visible in the traditional life of the native Dalit peoples and were mainly brought about by the colonial impact. The backward Christians, under the dominance of the ruling majority and the economic dominance of them, could not develop a proper ideology. There is an opinion that Dalit conversion was peripheral and one-sided. That is, it happened under the influence of British hegemony and missionary influence. Religious conversion gave the slave society a kind of religious unity. But it could not completely develop freedom. Today Christian congregations face the struggle for democratization.