People In Residential Facilities Research Articles

Active music making and leisure activities for people with intellectual disabilities: A cluster randomized pilot study

AimA pilot cluster randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the effects of a music group intervention and a leisure activities group intervention on well-being, self-esteem, social acceptance, challenging behaviour and three components of executive functions (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and visual working memory) of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). MethodTwenty-nine participants living in four residential facilities for people with ID were randomized into a music or a leisure activities group intervention. Sixteen weekly sessions of one hour were performed with six to eight participants per group. Measurements were carried out at baseline, post-intervention and 11 weeks follow- up. Results were analysed with linear mixed models. ResultsThe leisure activities group intervention improved more than the music group intervention on internalizing behaviour overall and on inhibitory control at post-intervention. However, further analyses showed that this improvement was only significant in one of the two leisure activities facilities. ConclusionA leisure activities group intervention seems a promising intervention to improve internalizing behaviour and inhibitory control of younger adults with mild ID. Implications for the delivery of leisure activities group interventions and especially music group interventions are discussed. What this paper addsInvolvement in leisure activities of people with ID is associated with better well-being, an improvement in social skills and a reduction in emotional and behavioural problems. Active music making, as a specific form of leisure activities, seems to improve well-being, social acceptance and challenging behaviour (CB) as well. Moreover, in different (non-clinical) groups a significant effect of active music making has been found on self-esteem and executive functioning (EF). So far, little attention has been paid to the possible positive effects of active music making on adults with ID. In the current paper, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to compare the post-intervention and follow-up measurements with baseline measurements between a music group intervention and a leisure activities group intervention on well-being, self-esteem, social acceptance, CB and EF in adults with ID. Multilevel models were used to detect possible intervention effects of 16 weekly sessions. Overall, inhibitory control and internalizing behaviour improved more amongst the participants of the leisure activities group than amongst the participants of the music group. This was mainly the case for younger participants who had mild ID. These effects are discussed and recommendations regarding the improvement of a music intervention for people with ID are presented.

Занятия шахматами на основе рефлексивно–деятельностного подхода в контексте проблемы обретения дееспособности: случай из практики

<p>The relevance of the study is due to the reform of social protection and the need to find resources to restore legal capacity to disabled people living in residential facility for people with mental disabilities (PNI). The study was conducted as part of a comprehensive rehabilitation of those living in PNI, aimed at restoring their capacity to work. The purpose of the study is to test the possibility of using chess for the cognitive and personal development of those living in PNI, as an important condition for improving their mental health. The article provides an analysis of the case of Anton, aged 30 (name and biographical data have been changed), who was legally recognized as incompetent and has been living in PNI for three years. Classes according to the technology "Chess for General Development" were conducted during the year by psychologists–consultants working by means of a reflective–activity approach in order to promote the acquisition of legal capacity. Specific events during this year that contributed to Anton's cognitive and personal development against the backdrop of constant progress in chess are analyzed. It is shown how these events and the growing self–confidence led to a gradual change in Anton's social status (he gets a job, leaves the boarding school, returns to his family, stops taking medications in agreement with the doctors). It also shows the stability and positive dynamics of these positive changes over the next two years. Based on the method of situational–vector analysis, it is shown how, in the course of chess lessons with the support of consultants, resources were increased in the form of strengthening the subjective position, developing reflection and increasing self–efficacy, which contributed to the positive dynamics of development towards gaining legal capacity.</p>

A Study on the Perception and Countermeasure of the Heads of Residential Facilities for People with Disabilities on Deinstitutionalization Policy as Institutional Environmental Change

A Study on the Perception and Countermeasure of the Heads of Residential Facilities for People with Disabilities on Deinstitutionalization Policy as Institutional Environmental Change

"사회복지사의 직무만족과 서비스 질의 관계에서 조직몰입의 매개효과: 장애인거주시설을 중심으로"

"사회복지사의 직무만족과 서비스 질의 관계에서 조직몰입의 매개효과: 장애인거주시설을 중심으로"

A Study on the Current Statue of Resources Development in Social Welfare Organizations (Focusing on the Residential Facilities for People with Disabilities)

A Study on the Current Statue of Resources Development in Social Welfare Organizations (Focusing on the Residential Facilities for People with Disabilities)

Influence of Human Rights Education on Social Workers’ Human Rights Sensitivity -Focusing on Residential Facilities for People with Disability in Gyeongsangbuk-Do

Influence of Human Rights Education on Social Workers’ Human Rights Sensitivity -Focusing on Residential Facilities for People with Disability in Gyeongsangbuk-Do

장애인거주시설 재난안전매뉴얼 분석 연구 - 부산시 장애인거주시설을 중심으로 -

장애인거주시설 재난안전매뉴얼 분석 연구 - 부산시 장애인거주시설을 중심으로 -

Integrating community service learning in undergraduate dental education: A controlled trial in a residential facility for people with intellectual disabilities.

The present report describes an oral health promotion project in a residential facility for people with intellectual disabilities as a strategy to implement community service learning in undergraduate dental education. Two undergraduate students developed a project aimed to improve the oral health in residents with intellectual disabilities by educating caregivers. The impact was investigated by a pretest-posttest design, evaluating residents' plaque and gingival indexes and caregivers' knowledge, behavior, attitude, and self-efficacy. Findings demonstrated that within a semester, it was possible for students to obtain a limited but positive impact on the local community. Based on the experiences at Ghent University, the following guidelines were suggested to implement service learning in a dental curriculum that renders both a positive impact on student learning and the local community : (1) integrate community service learning in multiple years in the curriculum; (2) use a stepwise approach from theory to exercises to extramural experiences; (3) create a partnership with a local organization; (4) organize long-term projects and annual follow-up to increase the impact; (5) involve supervisors from both the university and the local organization; and (6) establish an evidence based approach to benefit the quality of projects and to facilitate students to develop research competences.

Nutritional supplementation for activities of daily living and functional ability of older people in residential facilities: A systematic review.

To review the best available evidence on nutritional supplementation for activities of daily living and functional ability of older people in residential facilities. Electronic searches were carried out using CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for the years 2006-2016. Randomized controlled trials and cluster-randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of nutrition interventions aimed at improving the energy or protein intake alone or both in combination were included. Two authors independently reviewed all potential studies for inclusion against the eligibility criteria. We reviewed studies for outcome relevance and methodological rigor. Any disagreement was resolved by discussion. A total of eight studies were included, containing four randomized controlled trials and four cluster-randomized controlled trials involving 698 participants. There was significant improvement in handgrip strength (mean difference 1.65 kg, 95% confidence interval 0.09-3.22 kg, P = 0.04), but no difference in activities of daily living (mean difference 2.06, 95% confidence interval -18.28-22.40, P = 0.84), balance (mean difference -1.10, 95% confidence interval -3.04-0.84, P = 0.27), gait velocity (mean difference 0.00, 95% confidence interval -0.03-0.03, P = 1.00) and death (RR 1.90, 95% confidence interval 0.61-5.99, P = 0.27). Nutritional intervention with older people in residential facilities was effective in improving handgrip strength, but did not significantly improve scores for activities of daily living, balance, gait velocity or preventing death. Further studies with larger sample sizes and of high quality are required to investigate appropriate intervention methods and specific target participants. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 197-210.

Factors Influencing the Workload of Carers in the Field of Disability Work in Residential Facilities

So far, there have been only few indications that workers in the field of disability assistance - similar to the caregivers - feel particularly strongly burdened by their work. As part of the BMBF study, nationwide 400 carers in residential facilities for people with disabilities in Germany were questioned about their work situation. For the present study, various factors were taken into consideration that may have an influence upon how much carers feel burdened. The obtained data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, and possible statistical correlations were reviewed as part of a regression analysis. It became clear that more than half (56.1%) of the carers in residential facilities for persons with disabilities in Germany feel burdened by their professional situation. Some factors that contribute to carers experiencing their work as stressful could be identified. These are, in addition to the ownership of the facility, for example, also age, gender, length of service, scope of work and level of the hierarchy of carers. Thus, male executives assess their jobs as significantly less onerous than their female counterparts; however, male carers in non-management positions tend to assess their work as more stressful than their female colleagues. The 25- to 34-year-old and 45- to 65-year-old non-executive professionals feel the most stress. In the group aged 25-34 years, it is especially women who feel heavily burdened. Even those who have already been working for more than 20 years in an institution feel the load as quite heavy. And if there is a lot of overtime added to the ordinary shift or weekend service, this is perceived as a significant burden by all carers, but especially by younger women. Thus, the analysis of factors that contribute to carers perceiving their work as stressful showed considerable differences in the degree of workload between men and women, executives and non-executive professionals as well as between younger and older staff. All this should be considered when planning measures to reduce the workload of carers in the field of disability work.

A Study on factors affecting the human rights sensitivity of practitioners at Residential Facilities for People with disabilities

A Study on factors affecting the human rights sensitivity of practitioners at Residential Facilities for People with disabilities

Garden greenery and the health of older people in residential care facilities: a multi-level cross-sectional study.

To test the relationship between greenery in gardens at residential facilities for older people and the self-perceived health of residents, mediated by experiences of being away and fascination when in the garden and the frequency of visitation there. To examine how these indirect effects vary with the number of physical barriers to visiting the garden. Many older people in residential facilities suffer from complex health problems. Access to a green outdoor environment may enable psychological distance, engage effortless attention, encourage more frequent visitation and promote resident health. A multi-level, cross-sectional, correlational design. Questionnaires were administered June-August, 2011 to convenience samples of residents at 72 facilities for older people with complex healthcare needs. One to 10 eligible residents were sampled during self-motivated garden visits at each facility (n=290). They reported on their garden experiences and health. Facility staff reported on objective garden characteristics and barriers to access. A serial mediation model was tested with multiple linear regression analysis. The total indirect effect of greenery on self-perceived health was positive and significant. Garden greenery appears to affect health by enhancing a sense of being away, affording possibilities to experience the outdoor environment as interesting and encouraging visitation. Among residents in homes with multiple barriers, only fascination mediated the relationship between greenery and self-perceived health. Ample greenery in outdoor space at residential facilities for older people appears to promote experiences of being away and fascination, more frequent visitation and better health.

Use of Space and Human Rights: Planning Dementia Friendly Settings

ABSTRACTEnvironmental psychology has been a topic of great interest for many researchers in the field of aging and dementia. Thus, several orientations can be identified in the contemporary scientific literature concerning environmental design for people with dementia. In this article, we discuss recent research on environmental design models for people with dementia and propose an approach referring to the concept of use of space and human rights.We use a methodology based on observation of special care units to determine an environmental design framework that should be taken into account when designing residential facilities for people with dementia. Content analysis identified 6 primary dimensions and 13 secondary dimensions relevant to the rights of people with dementia. We then discuss the results according to the related literature in environmental psychology and gerontology in terms of well-being and quality of life.

The Role of Sound in Residential Facilities for People With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities

AbstractAttention to the auditory environment of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is limited, both in research and practice. As there is a dynamic interplay between the quality of the auditory environment and well‐being, a study was undertaken to test the validity of the theoretical framework regarding the role of sound in homes for people with PIMD. The framework was formulated using techniques from soundscape and emotion research and resulted in a taxonomy of auditory environments, or soundscapes, including an important role for audible safety. A convenience sample of 34 healthcare professionals from various organizational layers volunteered to participate in a focus group study. During this expert meeting their latent knowledge was examined to see if it corresponded to the proposed theoretical framework. The answers given by the participants were grouped in five categories, Influencing behavior, Atmosphere, Clarity, Structure, Safety, and Recognition, showing a strong consistency between the knowledge and experience of the professionals and the theoretical framework. Results suggest the participants working on a strategic level have a less comprehensive understanding of the role of sound in the daily care. The authors’ recommended the increase of awareness amongst the staff of organizations caring for people with PIMD of the role of sound in the environment so as to enhance psychological well‐being and quality of life and thus reduce the prevalence of behavioral problems.

Characteristics and Quality of Care of Residential Units for People with Long-term Mental Illness in Portugal

Introduction In Portugal, following the National Mental Health Plan (2008-2017), an increasing number of residential units for people with severe mental illness has been developed. There are no studies assessing their functioning. Objectives To characterize the Portuguese residential units with high and medium support levels, their users, and the quality of care provided. Methods Portuguese residential units for the long-term mentally ill were assessed with the Quality Instrument for Rehabilitative Care (QuIRC) filled on-line by the managers. A random sample of service users was interviewed face-to-face with the Service User Interview. Results Forty-two units (100%) were included. The majority (54.8%) was in the community, single-sex (54.8%), staffed 24 hours a day (54.8%), and had 10 or less beds (61.9%), no limit in the LOS (88.1%), and no service users in involuntary commitment (93%). All units provided access to psychologists and social workers, the majority to psychiatrists and nurses (95.2% each), auxiliaries (88.1%), and occupational therapists (73.8%). Users assessed (n=278) had a mean age of 50±11 years, and were mainly men (66.2%), with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (72.7%), a mean GAF score of 64.3±15.1, and were living in the unit for a median of 4 years. Quality of care assessed by the QuIRC was significantly higher in community versus hospital units in the following dimensions: Living Environment (p=0.030), Treatments and Interventions (p=0.035), and Self-Management and Autonomy (p=0.019). Conclusions Residential facilities for people with severe mental illness provide better quality of care in some dimensions in community versus hospital units.

Technology for Supporting Care Staff in Residential Homes

Care staff, those who attend to the day-to-day needs of people in residential facilities, represent an important segment of the health-care provision of those entrusted to their care. The potential use of technology by care staff has not been a focus of researcher attention. The work reported here provides initial steps in addressing that gap, considering both the design requirements for this population and presentation of early work on a software system for use by care staff. We describe the development of a software tool for use by care staff, called Portrait, and report two studies related to factors affecting technology use by this population. The results of this research are promising, with Portrait being very positively received by care managers and care staff. Use of this software in a care home for over a month indicated continued use, with care staff returning to the system throughout the test period. The contributions of this research are the identification of factors important in working with a care staff population, the introduction and evaluation of a novel software tool for care staff in residential homes, and the highlighting of potential benefits of technology in assisting care staff.

A more “normal” life: Residents', family, staff, and managers' experience of active support at a residential facility for people with physical and intellectual impairments

Background Active support (AS) has gained popularity as an approach for assisting people with intellectual disability to engage more fully in everyday activities. Although research has identified changes in the extent that residents are engaged in meaningful activities, the experience of stakeholders such as residents, staff, and family in AS is underexplored.Method A general inductive approach was used to analyse focus group and interview transcripts of residents (n = 4), staff (n = 13), and family (n = 2) about their experience of involvement in an AS pilot project at one residential care facility in New Zealand.Results Three superordinate themes common to all stakeholders' experiences emerged: “living normal lives,” “caring means doing with,” and “engaging with risk.”Conclusion Transitioning to AS had been enriching but at times challenging for all stakeholders. Valuing resident autonomy and preparedness for greater exposure to risk are significant considerations in the implementation of AS.

Obstacle course training can improve mobility and prevent falls in people with intellectual disabilities

Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) constitute a special-needs population at high risk of falling. This is the first study to evaluate whether obstacle course training can improve mobility and prevent falls in this population. The intervention was implemented as part of an institution-wide health care improvement plan aimed at reducing falls at a residential facility for people with ID. It comprised an annual screening of each resident for his or her individual fall risk. Subsequently, the group of ambulatory persons with a moderate to high fall risk (n = 39) were offered 10-session obstacle course training to improve their balance and gait abilities. Mobility was assessed pre-intervention, mid-term and post-intervention with the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the 10-meter walking test. The number of falls was compared between the year before and after intervention. The number of falls decreased by 82% (P < 0.001). POMA scores significantly improved from pre-intervention to mid-term (mean difference ± SD, 1.8 ± 2.9, P = 0.001), from mid-term to post-intervention (2.0 ± 2.9, P < 0.001), and from pre-intervention to post-intervention (3.8 ± 4.3, P < 0.001). Participants completed the 10-meter walking test faster at the post-intervention compared with the pre-intervention assessment (difference ± SD, 2.1 ± 5.1 s, P = 0.022). TUG scores did not improve significantly. The present study provides preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of obstacle course training in improving mobility and preventing falls in people with ID. As falls are a significant health concern in this population, further research is advocated to provide conclusive evidence for the suggested beneficial effects of exercise interventions.

A Qualitative Case Study on Rights-Based Social Work Practice in a Residential Facility for People with Intellectual Disabilities

A Qualitative Case Study on Rights-Based Social Work Practice in a Residential Facility for People with Intellectual Disabilities

知的障害施設職員のバーンアウト関連要因の因果モデル

本研究は、知的障害施設職員のバーンアウト関連要因について因果モデルを仮定し、共分散構造分析によってそのモデルを検証した。その結果、修正モデルの適合度指標から、妥当性のあるモデルが構成された。また、「ストレッサー」から「精神的健康」と「バーンアウト」、「精神的健康」から「バーンアウト」、「スーパービジョン」から「ストレッサー」へのパス係数が有意であった。これらの結果から、職員の日々の仕事上でのストレスの蓄積が精神的健康を悪化させ、それが持続することで「バーンアウト」に結びつくこと、「スーパービジョン」が「ストレッサー」を軽減させること、つまり間接的に「精神的健康」や「バーンアウト」に影響を及ぼす可能性があることなどが示唆された。