Peganum Harmala Seeds Extract Research Articles

Peganum Harmala seeds extract: A green synthesis route for Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles as an adsorbent for crystal violet dye removal

Peganum Harmala seeds extract: A green synthesis route for Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles as an adsorbent for crystal violet dye removal

STUDY THE EFFECT OF THE AQUATIC AND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF Peganum harmala SEEDS ON Entamoeba histolytica IN VITRO

In vitro test has been made to find out the efficacy of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala seeds against Entamoeba histolytica in three concentrations (1000, 1500, 2000 μg/ml) in an exposure time of 2hrs, preliminary chemical analysis has been performed for some chemical groups which may exist in the seeds.Results showed that all concentrations of alcohol extracts caused high mortality against parasite by using the alcohol extract in all used concentrations, this may due to the high containing of alkaloids. The highest mortality percentage achieved by alcohol extract was 97.5% while it was 90.1% by aqueous extract at 2000 μg/ml.

Effect of Peganum harmala seeds extract on the hepatic tissue structure and fetus of mice

Peganum harmala is one of the most used plants for the treatment of many diseases. Its effective compounds have pharmaceutical and medicinal properties. This study aims to determine the effect of aqueous extract of harmala plant seeds on body and liver weight, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and the histological structure of liver of mice, as well as the size of the fetuses sired by treated mice. Sixteen adult male mice were divided into two groups of eight. The first group (control) was given distilled water orally, while the second group received the aqueous extract of harmala seeds at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw for three weeks. three untreated females were housed with one treated male for mating. At the end of the treatment, six male mice of each group were weighed and killed. Liver was extracted, weighed and its enzymes were measured. Also, sections of the liver were prepared for histological examination. The results showed a decrease in the body weight of the treated mice and a significant increase in the average weight of the fetuses compared with the control group, as well as marked changes in the hepatic tissue structure. There was no impact of the extract on fetal body length, liver weight and hepatic enzymes (AST and ALT) of treated mice. Further studies should be conducted to determine a safe dose that does not affect any organ in the body, so that it can be used for the treatment of many diseases.

Effect of Peganum harmala seeds extract on the hepatic tissue structure and fetus of mice

Peganum harmala is one of the most used plants for the treatment of many diseases. Its effective compounds have pharmaceutical and medicinal properties. This study aims to determine the effect of aqueous extract of harmala plant seeds on body and liver weight, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and the histological structure of liver of mice, as well as the size of the fetuses sired by treated mice. Sixteen adult male mice were divided into two groups of eight. The first group (control) was given distilled water orally, while the second group received the aqueous extract of harmala seeds at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw for three weeks. three untreated females were housed with one treated male for mating. At the end of the treatment, six male mice of each group were weighed and killed. Liver was extracted, weighed and its enzymes were measured. Also, sections of the liver were prepared for histological examination. The results showed a decrease in the body weight of the treated mice and a significant increase in the average weight of the fetuses compared with the control group, as well as marked changes in the hepatic tissue structure. There was no impact of the extract on fetal body length, liver weight and hepatic enzymes (AST and ALT) of treated mice. Further studies should be conducted to determine a safe dose that does not affect any organ in the body, so that it can be used for the treatment of many diseases.

Effect of Peganum Harmala Seeds Extract on Nitric Oxide in U937 Monocytes and Macrophages

Background and Aims: Nitric oxide (NO) has an essential role in inflammation and has been related to pathogenesis and the progress of numerous inflammatory-based diseases, including some cancers. Peganum harmala (P. harmala) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of numerous diseases such as several infections. Also, anti-inflammatory effects of P. harmala extracts and its derivatives (harmaline and harmine) by suppressing myeloperoxidase, NO, and other mediators have been demonstrated in vivo. In this study, the effect of P. harmala seeds aqueous extract on NO production in U937 monocytic cells and peritoneal macrophages has been evaluated in vitro. Materials and Methods: U937 and mice peritoneal macrophages were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial institute-1640 with 10% fetal calf serum. Then, the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were incubated with different concentrations of aqueous extract of P. harmala seeds (0.1-1 mg/ml) for 24 hours. Next, NO production was assessed by the Griess method in the culture medium. Results: P. harmala seeds aqueous extract did not significantly affect lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in U937 cells and peritoneal macrophages after 24 hours incubation time compared with untreated control cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of P. harmala may be mediated through NO-independent mechanism(s). However, further studies are warranted to define the P. harmala aqueous extract impact on NO expression in other related normal and cancerous cells.

Comparison of zero valent iron and zinc oxide green nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon for efficient removal of Methylene blue

In this study, iron nanoparticles (GnZVI) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (GnZnO) were synthesized by Peganum harmala seeds extract using green method, and were loaded on activated carbon derived from P. harmala seed (AC). TEM analysis showed that the nanoparticle size was smaller than 100 nm, while EDAX analysis confirmed that GnZVI and GnZnO were stabilized on AC. BET analysis showed that GnZnO/AC and GnZVI/AC special surface areas were 208 and 107 m(2)/g, respectively. Moreover, the FTIR analysis showed the role of polyphenolic groups in the synthesis of nanoparticles. It was generally found that GnZnO/AC showed higher efficiency in the adsorption of methylene blue as compared with GnZVI/AC.

Effect of Alkaloids Extract of Peganum Harmala Seeds on Histo-Function of Rat’s Testes

Effect of Alkaloids Extract of Peganum Harmala Seeds on Histo-Function of Rat’s Testes

Peganum harmala seeds: evaluation of antiasthmatic effect by using clonidine induced mast cell degranulation

Aim of study: The aim of study was to evaluate antiasthmatic activity of various extracts of Peganum harmala seeds to validate its traditional use. Materials and methods: In the present study petroleum ether, ethanol and water extract of Peganum harmala seeds at the doses of 25-100 mg/kg i. p. was evaluated for antiasthmatic activity using clonidine induced mast cells degranulation in mice. Results: Treatment group of PEEE (Peganum harmala ethanol extract) exhibited significant mast cell stabilizing potential at 100 mg/kg i.p 68.85±1.30 as compared to control group. Percent protection offered by PHEE at 100 mg/kg was 20.28% and was of statistical significance as compared to PHPEE and PHWE. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Peganum harmala (PHEE) may be useful in management of asthma.

In vitro ovicidal activity of Peganum harmala seeds extract on the eggs of Fasciola hepatica.

Peganum harmala seeds extract has been previously reported to have antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ovicidal activity of the methanolic extract of P. harmala seeds against the eggs of F. hepatica. The phenolic compounds of the methanolic extract of P. harmala seeds were identified by HPLC analysis. Catechin, rutin, p-Coumaric acid, chloregenic acid and hesperetin were found to be the major phenolic compounds. F. hepatica eggs were collected from the gall bladder of naturally infected sheep. The eggs were exposed to two concentrations of P. harmala seeds extract (1 and 3mg/mL) for 24 and 48h. To investigate the effect of the P. harmala seeds extract on the miracidial formation, the treated eggs were incubated at 28°C for 14days. The results indicated that F. hepatica eggs were susceptible to the methanolic extract of P. harmala seeds. Following 24h exposure of the eggs to P. harmala seeds extract with concentrations of 1 and 3mg/mL, the miracidial formation reduced to 5 and 2.2% respectively (compared with 60% for the control group). Following 48h of exposure of the eggs to P. harmala seeds extract with 1mg/mL concentration, the miracidial formation reduced to 0.5%. In this exposure time, no miracidial formation was observed in the eggs exposed to P. harmala seeds extract with concentration of 3mg/mL. Therefore, the results of this study indicated that P. harmala seeds extract has high ovicidal activity against the eggs of F. hepatica. Accordingly, this extract may have the potential flukicidal activity against the immature and mature F. hepatica.

Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Peganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats.

The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. In an experimental study, 64 normal Wistar albino male rats (200–230 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups. Control and diabetic rats were treated with normal saline and three different doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds for 4 weeks orally. At the end of treatment, blood samples were taken and glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TCA), ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were determined. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant changes in the values of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, MDA, TAC, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C in comparison with normal rats. Administration of the extract to diabetic rats resulted in a remarkable decrease in glucose, lipid profiles, MDA, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C levels and increase in TAC relative to diabetic group. The results of this study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities and could be useful in treatment of diabetes.

Hepatoprotective activity of Peganum harmala against ethanol-induced liver damages in rats

In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Peganum harmala seeds extract (CPH) against chronic ethanol treatment. Hepatotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by administrating ethanol 35% (4 g/kg/day) for 6 weeks. CPH was co-administered with ethanol, by intraperitonial (IP) injection, at a dose of 10 mg/kg bw/day. Control rats were injected by saline solution (NaCl 9‰). Chronic ethanol administration intensified lipid peroxidation monitored by an increase of TBARS level in liver. Ethanol treatment caused also a drastic alteration in antioxidant defence system; hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. A co-administration of CPH during ethanol treatment inhibited lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidants activities. However, treatment with P. harmala extract protects efficiently the hepatic function of alcoholic rats by the considerable decrease of aminotransferase contents in serum of ethanol-treated rats.

The Antifungal activity of alcohol extract of Peganum harmala seeds

The study was conducted to evaluate the inhibition activity of alcohol extract of Peganum harmala seeds in somepathogenic fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium spp.), which was isolated in food researchcenter/ Ministry of Science and Technology. Results revealed that alcohol extract of Peganum harmala seeds wasinhibited the growth of all kind of fungi under study at the extract concentrations (0.012,0.05, 0.25,0.5,1,5,20,50,100 ,200 and 300 mg/ml), colonies diameters for Aspergillus niger was 27, 25 mm at the concentrations 0.012 and0.05 mg/ml respectively in the comparison with its colonies diameter in the control group which was 38 mm forboth concentrations, and it was 26,21 mm for Aspergillus flavus at the same concentration (0.012 and 0.05 mg/ml)respectively, whereas the colonies diameter was decreased to 9,7 mm for Penicillium spp. at 0.012 and 0.05 mg/mlof alcohol extract respectively. In general, the inhibition activity of Peganum harmala seeds alcohol extract wasincreased with the increasing of extract concentrations. The growth rate of all kinds of fungi under study wascompletely inhibited at 0.25mg/ml concentration and above.

In vitro inhibition of angiogenesis by heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds via inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of VEGF secretion

Context: Progression of cancer cells is completely dependent on its angiogenesis. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has shed new light on cancer treatment. As a result, anti-angiogenesis therapy represents one of the most significant advances in clinical oncology. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is a native plant from the eastern Iranian region, which is used as a traditional folk medicine. Although some biological properties of this plant are determined, its effect on angiogenesis is still unclear.Objective: We investigated the anti-angiogenic effects of heat and low pH stable hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds on endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation and VEGF secretion.Materials and methods: Dried Peganum seeds were purchased from Kermanshah Traditional Bazar in 2011. Hydroalcoholic extract of dried seeds (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 150 μg/ml) was used for in vitro evaluation of its cytotoxicity, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects on ECs. In vitro effect of the extract on VEGF secretion was assayed using ELISA.Results: Treatment with hydroalcoholic extract at seven different concentrations resulted in significant decrease of ECs proliferation and angiogenesis with an ID50 of ∼85 μg/ml. VEGF secretion was (inhibited) decreased by the extracts at concentrations higher than 10 μg/ml.Discussion and conclusion: Herbal plant extracts still attract attention owing to their fewer side effects comparing to synthetic drug agents. Current study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of P. harmala seeds contains a potent anti-angiogenic component, which exerts its inhibitory effect mainly through down-regulation of essential mediators such as VEGF.

Study the effect of the mixture of alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds & Pericarp of Punica granutum on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro and in vivo

This study included the preparation of the mixture of alcoholic extracts of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum at concentration (1+40), (1.5+45), (2+50) mgml. To study the influence of the mixture of alcoholic extracts of P. harmala and P. granutum on viability of the protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus In vitro (In tubes), and In vivo (In albaino white mice injected intraperitoneal with protoscolices). In vitro experiment revealed complete inactivation of protoscolices (death) with concentration (2+ 50) mg/ ml after 30 minute. In vivo a significant reduction in weight of liver and spleen occurred in treated groups in comparison to control (untreated) infected group.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Harmaline Isolated from Peganum Harmala L. Seeds

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of methanolic extract of Peganum harmala seeds was studied. The active compound was isolated and identified as harmaline with spectroscopic data. In vitro ACE inhibition assay was performed using four concentrations of harmaline. Harmaline inhibited 48.7% ACE activity at 1 μg and was very close to the inhibition observed with the standard drug, captopril at 49.1% (1 μM). At 0.5 μg, 0.25 μg, and 0.1 μg, harmaline inhibited 42.5%, 32.3%, and 23.5% ACE activity, respectively. Results indicated that harmaline may act as a potential anti-hypertensive agent.

Study the effect of the mixture aquatic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro and in vivo

This study included the preparation of the mixture aquatic extracts of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum at concentration (10+50) ?(15+55)? (20+60) mgml .To study the influence of the mixture on the percentage of vitality of the protoscolices of E. granulosus In vitro, as the vitality of protoscolices had caused complete death when the using concentration at time 120,90,60 minute respectively. Also study the effect of mixture in white mice with infectious protoscolices In vivo and study the change occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension In vivo in processed group with mixture at concentration (15+55) , (10+50)mgml ,as which was approach to the negative group and the lowering significantly of these average occurred in processed groups with mixture and about of the positive group this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture it a capability of the mixture which caused to the prohibition of the development of the protoscolices to the secondary hydatid cyst .

Study the effect of the mixture aquatic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro and in vivo

This study included the preparation of the mixture aquatic extracts of Peganum harmala seeds and Pericarp of Punica granutum at concentration (10+50) ?(15+55)? (20+60) mgml .To study the influence of the mixture on the percentage of vitality of the protoscolices of E. granulosus In vitro, as the vitality of protoscolices had caused complete death when the using concentration at time 120,90,60 minute respectively. Also study the effect of mixture in white mice with infectious protoscolices In vivo and study the change occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension In vivo in processed group with mixture at concentration (15+55) , (10+50)mgml ,as which was approach to the negative group and the lowering significantly of these average occurred in processed groups with mixture and about of the positive group this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture it a capability of the mixture which caused to the prohibition of the development of the protoscolices to the secondary hydatid cyst .

Anti fungal activity of alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds

In our study, it was aimed to determine antifungal activity of Peganum harmala on medically important yeasts and molds in vitro. Fungal suspensions of Candida spp. and aspergillus spp. isolated from the clinical specimens were treated with serial dilutions of P. harmalaalcoholic extract in Sabouraud Broth. The titers included: 1/20, 1/40, 1/80, 1/160, 1/320, 1/640, and incubated for 24 h at 30°C. Anti fungal activity of the extract was determined as MIC and MFC. For the determination of MFC, a small volume of above serial dilutions was cultured on SGA 4% medium. After 24 to 72 h of incubation at 30°C, the cultures were looked for fungal growth. The highest and lowest inhibitory effects of P. harmala extract were determined on C. glabrata (MIC: 0.312 mg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC: 1.25 mg/ml), respectively. The MFC for Candida species was differed from 0.62 to 2.5 mg/ml. The highest fungicidal effect was seen on C. glabrata and C. tropicalis (MFC: 0.62 and 0.125 mg/ml, respectively) and the lowest was for C. albicans (MFC: 2.5 mg/ml). The treatment of Aspergillus suspensions with Perganum extract showed a decreasing of growth and sporolation without definite inhibition. The alcoholic extract of P. harmala showed a fungicidal activity on opportunistic yeasts, Candida spp., and a decreasing sporolation for aspergillus most important species. Key words: Growth inhibitory, Peganum harmala, fungi.

Study the effect of the mixture alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens and their effect on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vivo

this study included the using of the mixture of alcoholic extract Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens at concentrations (1+50) mgml. And then experimentation on the mice injected with protoscolices and its comparison with the mice injected with only protoscolices (as positive control group), and the mice injected with normal saline (as negative control) to investigate the effect of plant mixture in vivo, it appeared of getting the reduction of hydatid cyst with percentage 100% in processed group with the mixture compared with positive group as its absence of the hydatid cyst in processed group. The lowering significantly occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension in processed groups and about of the positive group and which was approach to the negative group. Also study the tissular changes occurred in the liver and spleen, in the liver it occurred of changes in the liver cell and increase in the number of the kupffer cell as a defensive in the processed group were less than what it appeared in the positive control, but the spleen, it appeared the dilation of the whit pulp and the appearance of the cell composing of the hemic platelets (megakaryocyte cells) in the mice processed in comparison with negative control. These changes were of less acuity in the group processed. Thus from the results of this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture in vivo in successful and safe way by it a capability of initiating the immunity system to the inhibition of the protoscolices and prevent the development of the secondary hydatid cyst in vivo without causing the negative side effect.

Antifungal activity of Peganum harmala seeds extract in vitro

Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae) is an intriguing herb with a long history of medicinal use. Antifungal activity of P. harmala seed extract against certain fungal species was investigated in vitro. Antifungal activity of the extract of P. harmala seeds was investigated against several fungal species using in vitro agar dilution technique. The fungal species included: Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Fonsecaea pedrosoi. P. harmala extract, diluted 2.5:1000, produced complete inhibition against microsporum and trichophyton species. The extract had a considerable antifungal activity. Further purification and extraction of the active principles (alkaloids) of P. harmala seeds might show a true antifungal activity comparable to standard antifungal drugs.