Peer Variables Research Articles

Factors Affecting Early Marriage in Dau District, Malang Regency

Indonesia still in 8th largest early marriage rate in the world. Many factors cause early marriage to occur, therefore this study aims to analyze the factors that influence early marriage in Dau District, Malang Regency. To analyze the factors that influence early marriage in Dau District, Malang Regency. The design of this study was observational analytic use Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were women who married in 2022 in Dau District of Malang Regency, amount 511 women and the sample were 60 women. The independent variables in this study are education, family income, surrounding cultural beliefs, peers, knowledge, attitudes and mass media, while the dependent variable is early marriage. Data analysis of the results of this study used bivariate analysis with Chi-Square statistical test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression test. The results of the study showed that there was associated between variables of education (p value 0.00), peers (p-value 0.008), and attitude (p value 0.023) with the incidence of early marriage and the most variable affecting incidence of early marriage is education.

The Effect of Pocket Money, Peers and Self-Control on Financial Management on Treasure Fans In Karawang

Treasure fans engage in activities related to the group, including merchandise purchases, concert tickets, and various other forms of support. This study aims to determine pocket money, peers, self-control and financial management. Know the correlation between pocket money, peers and self-control. Knowing the partial influence of pocket money variables, peers and self-control on financial management. As well as knowing the simultaneous influence of pocket money, peers and self-control on financial management. This research method is descriptive quantitative analysis of the SPSS V.26 helpline. Respondents used a total sample of 76 people with the criteria of Treasure fans, aged 12 – 20 years, domiciled in Karawang and have purchased official or unofficial Treasure merchandise. Based on the results of research that has been conducted, it was found: (1) the variable of pocket money from the results of respondents' answers obtained was in the affirmative category. Peer variables showed the criterion of agreeing. Self-control variables indicate strongly agreeable criteria. As well as financial management variables show strongly agreeable criteria. (2) There is a correlation between pocket money and peers has a positive correlation direction and a fairly strong correlation relationship. There is a correlation between pocket money and self-control has a positive correlation direction and a fairly strong correlation relationship. There is a correlation between peers and self-control has a positive correlation direction but a weak correlation relationship. (3) There is a partial effect of pocket money on financial management. There is a partial influence of peers on financial management. There is a partial influence of self-control on financial management. (4) There is a simultaneous influence between pocket money, peers and self-control on financial management.

Socio-Economic Status of Parents And Peers Impact on Consumption Behavior of FKIP USK Economic Education Students

This research aims to determine the influence of the socio-economic status of parents and peers on the consumption behaviour of USK FKIP Economics Education students. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive research type. The population in this study were active economics education student’s class of 2018. The sample in this study was 51 students. Data collection techniques in this research are literature study and questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis, and determination test. The results of the determination test prove that there is an influence of 31.8%, the remaining percentage is influenced by other variables not explained in this research. The research results show that the variable of parents' socio-economic status has a negative and insignificant effect on students' consumption behavior. The peer variable has a positive and significant effect on student consumption behavior. Simultaneously, the socio-economic status of parents and peers has a positive and significant effect on consumption behavior. The research results imply that high student consumption causes a person to become consumptive, meaning wasteful and excessive consumption behavior, where there is no priority scale or can also be interpreted as a luxurious lifestyle, so the results of this research can be a person's view on consumption.

Pengaruh penggunaan media sosial dan teman sebaya terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa dimediasi motivasi

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of social media and peers on learning achievement mediated by motivation in economics students at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University. The type of research used is quantitative with a survey method and the sample used is 262 economics students. The validity test used in this study uses Connfirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and uses the Cronbach Alpha reliability test. The data analysis technique used in this study is hierarchical regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that 1) there is a positive and significant influence between the variables of social media use on learning motivation, 2) peer variables directly do not influence learning motivation, 3) motivation variables do not influence learning achievement, 4) there is a significant influence between the variables of social media use on learning achievement, 5) there is a significant influence between peer variables on learning achievement.

학교 밖 청소년들의 사이버폭력에 영향을 미치는 비행친구 요인 분석

The main purpose of this study was to test whether the factors of impulsivity, parental neglect, and smartphone addiction among out-of-school youth affect cyber violence indirectly or directly through the mediation of delinquent peer variables. The data used in this study were from the fourth year (2016) of the Korean Youth Policy Research Institute's Panel on Out-of-School Youth (PSSDY). A structural equation model was applied to carry out the research objectives. The results showed that the impulsivity variable not only influences cyber violence through mediating discriminatory contact with delinquent peers, but also directly leads to cyber violence. The parental neglect factor did not directly affect cyber violence, but indirectly affected the dependent variable through delinquent peers. On the other hand, the smartphone addiction factor was found to have a direct effect on cyber violence, but not indirectly through contact with delinquent friends. This study proved that among the many factors that can affect cyber violence among out-of-school youth, the variable of discriminatory contact with delinquent friends has a significant impact. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop cyber violence prevention programs that can block discriminatory contact with delinquent friends among out-of-school youth.

The generation mechanism underlying the career decision-making difficulties faced by undergraduates in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study based on SCCT theory.

As COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, the record number of graduates in China and pressure resulting from the economic downturn have led to low confidence in employment among college students, and the difficulties associated with career decision-making have gradually developed into a psychological barrier to the successful employment of Chinese college students. Using the "purposive sampling" approach to qualitative research, this study selected 20 undergraduates exhibiting delayed employment from a university as our research sample and used the career self-management model of social cognitive career theory (SCCT) as an analytical framework to conduct semistructured interviews with the aim of exploring influencing factors associated with and generation mechanism underlying the career decision-making difficulties experienced by Chinese undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the career self-management model of SCCT theory, the four variables of individual, parents, peers and social environment influence Chinese undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties. On this basis, this study proposes a multivariable and single-subject generation mechanism to explain undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties and tries to explicate the mental changes associated with the career decision-making difficulties encountered by undergraduates exhibiting delayed employment by reference to mind sponge theory.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of the Persian (Farsi) version of the QoLAF (quality of life in patients with anal fistula) questionnaire.

The effective treatment of anal fistulas almost always requires surgical intervention, which could be accompanied by post-operative complications, and affect the quality of life of patients. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Persian version of the Quality of Life in patients with Anal Fistula questionnaire and evaluate its validity and reliability. Sixty patients with a mean age of 44 years ranging from 21 to 72 years entered the study. Forty-seven participants were men, and thirteen were women. After performing a scientific translation of the questionnaire based on Beaton's guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation and after extensive reviews by experts and specialists, the final version of the questionnaire was obtained. Then, 60 questionnaires (100%) were filled out by the participants (n = 60) and retrieved during a 7 to 21-day period. Data were collected and analyzed. Finally, according to the obtained data, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were calculated. Cross-cultural adaptation of the translated questionnaire was verified by the expert committee. The results showed perfect internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.842), and external consistency (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.800; P<0.001). Spearman correlation coefficient between test and retest was reported to be 0.980 (P-value <0.01), confirming the temporal stability of the translated questionnaire. The interrater reliability based on Cohen's kappa coefficient also demonstrated a perfect degree of agreement between two peer variables (Kappa = 0.889; P<0.001). The Persian translation of the Quality of Life in patients with the Anal Fistula questionnaire was proven to be valid and reliable for the evaluation of the QoL of patients with anal fistula.

FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KECANDUAN GAME ONLINE PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 2 LOGHIA KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 2021

Online game addiction is one of the addictions caused by the internet or better known today, namely internet addictive disorder. Online Game Addiction can be defined as a syndrome where players spend excessive time, are unable to control themselves, and are tempted to always play games so that it causes dependence. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-control, time management, infrastructure and peers with addiction. online games for students of SMP Negeri 2 Loghia, Muna Regency in 2021. This study used a cross sectional study design. The population in the study were all students of SMP Negeri 2 Loghia, Muna Regency in 2021 with a total of 238 people. The sample in this study were 110 people, sampling using stratified random sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that self-control values obtained (p-value = 0.000), time management obtained a value (p-value = 0.000), infrastructure facilities obtained a value (p-value = 0.001), and peers with a value (p-value = 0.000). From the 110 research samples used, it can be concluded that the variables of self-control, time management, infrastructure and peers are factors related to online game addiction in students of SMP Negeri 2 Loghia, Muna Regency in 2021.

Peer Factors as Mediators of Relations Between Exposure to Violence and Physical Aggression in Middle School Students in a Low-Income Urban Community.

Although prior research has demonstrated that peers influence both physical aggression and exposure to violence during adolescence, few studies have investigated the extent to which peers play a role in relations between physical aggression and violence exposure. This longitudinal study examined peer pressure for fighting, friends' delinquent behavior, and friends' support for fighting as mediators of relations between exposure to violence through witnessing and victimization, and adolescents' frequency of physical aggression. Participants were 2,707 adolescents attending three urban middle schools (Mage = 12.4; 52% female; 79% African American, 17% Hispanic/Latino). Participants completed measures of their frequency of physical aggression, witnessing community violence, victimization by violence, and negative life events, and peer variables at four waves within the same school year. Cross-lagged analyses indicated that the role of peer variables as mediators varied as a function of the type of exposure and the direction of effects. Whereas peer pressure for fighting mediated relations between witnessing violence and changes in physical aggression, friends' delinquent behavior mediated relations between physical aggression and changes in witnessing violence and victimization. In contrast, violent victimization was not associated with changes in any of the peer factors when included in the same model as witnessing violence. These findings highlight the role of peers as both a cause and a consequence of adolescents' aggressive behavior and exposure to violence. They suggest focusing on peer variables as targets for interventions to disrupt connections between exposure to violence and physical aggression during early adolescence.

The Influence of the Role of Parents and Peers on the Self-Concept of High Grade Students at SD N Klumprit 1

The purpose of this study was to determine: to analyze the influence between the role of parents on the self-concept of high grade students at SD N Klumprit 1, to analiyze the influence between peers on the self-concept of high-class students at SD N Klumprit 1, to analyze the influence between the role of parents and peers on the self-concept of high-class students at SD N Klumprit 1. The method used in this study is quantitative with measuring instruments in the form of self-concept scale, parental social support scale, and peer interaction scale. The results showed that the analysis of the parental role variable with the self-concept variable seen from the correlation value (r) = 0.696, it can be said that there is a positive influence between the role of parents on self-concept, analysis of peer variables with self-concept variables seen from the correlation value (r) = 0.725, it can be said that there is a positive influence between peers on self-concept. The F statistical value of the influence of the role of parents and peers on students' self-concept is greater than F table (3.15) which is 56.957, it can be said that there is a significant influence of the role of parents and peers on the self-concept of class students height SD N Klumprit 1.

Sexual Risk-Taking in Adolescents; a Narrative Review

A review of recent literature on sexual activity in adolescents revealed a prevalence range of 6-65 % in different countries that may relate to sampling different age groups as well as various types of sexual activity. Many risk factors have been researched including parental factors (e.g. parent risk behavior), peer variables (e.g. peer pressure), religiosity (e.g. spiritual intelligence), mood (e.g. depression), health-related behavior (e.g. sexting), substance use (e.g. marijuana) and physiological markers (e.g. activation of various areas of the brain on fMRI scans). The few interventions have included motivational interviewing by clinician or computer and classroom education and condom distribution. Limitations of this literature include a paucity of longitudinal studies and intervention research.

Peer Variables and Academic Identification of Senior Secondary School Students in Uyo Education Zone of Akwa Ibom State

The purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the relationship between peer variables (peer acceptance, peer support and peer loyalty) on young adolescents’ academic identification. The sub variables; PA, PS and PL were examined using a researcher made instrument titled School Peer Variable Questionnaire ( α=0.86). Academic Identification was measured using the standardized Osborne (1997) Identification with Academic Scale which has (r 0.92). Sample selected was (N = 544). Responses were scored and hypotheses tested at .05 level of significance using the PPMC. Findings revealed the importance of peer relationship on both academic and emotional adjustment of adolescent learners. Peer acceptance, support and loyalty were found to improve learners' chances of achieving positive academic outcomes. The implication for educators and other stakeholders in adolescent care giving and teaching is for them to understand the importance of maintaining healthy peer relationships for young learners as teacher and peer acceptance, peer support and peer loyalty help them meet psychogenic needs and promote their academic motivation, self-concept, participation, classroom engagement, and feelings of belongingness in the school .Thus, findings have immense significance for educational research and practice, and also bodes well for teachers and counselors in Nigerian secondary schools. urban, ethnically&#x0D;

Analisa Pemanfaatan Teman Sebaya dalam Perkembangan Belajar Siswa Pada Program Keahlian di SMK PGRI 2 Kota Jambi

In this study it self will focus more on one extrinsic influence, namely peers. This is based on considerations that at SMK PGRI 2 Jambi City students have chosen their abilities in their own expertise program, while considerations such as environment and classroom management through the use of peer-to-peer approaches have not had much impact on their own learning development, both inside and outside school. Based on the results of descriptive analysis of research where the analysis is used to find out a description of each research variable used, the results obtained by using peer variables are in the good category with a total value of Respondents' Achievement of 81.64. This can indicate that in developing the ability to acquire skills in vocational learning, peer factors have an influence on students' understanding of learning. In the analysis results obtained in the Communalities table itself, it can be seen that the acquisition of the MSA value from the highest point is at P7 (community) of 0.730. Meanwhile, the lowest MSA value was at P2 (relative order) of 0.512. This explains that the student community in group learning plays an active role in improving the abilities and skills of vocational students when carrying out teaching and learning activities both theoretical and practical.

Pregnancy health literacy among teenagers in Kaysone district, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR

ABSTRACT Background Pregnancy health literacy (PHL) among teenagers is considered a major protective factor for teenage pregnancy. In Lao PDR, 18% of girls aged 15–19 have begun childbearing and 15% of maternal deaths occur to teenage girls, particularly in rural areas. Objective The aim of this study was to describe PHL and its related factors among teenagers in Kaysone district. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Oudomvilay and Kheuakhaokat in Kaysone district in January 2019. The Teenage Pregnancy Health Literacy (TPHL) score was collected via face to face interviews covering 33 items with 262 adolescents. Calculation of the TPHL index score was based on the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU) index formula. The TPHL index was also based on the HLS-EU standard level and descriptive statistics were used to explain the score and levels. Descriptive analyses were performed to analyse the individual, family, peer and school variables and to investigate level of TPHL and linear regression was used to identify factors related to TPHL. Results The overall score for TPHL was a mean of 27/50. Most (60%) of the adolescents had problematic TPHL levels and only 0.4% had excellent TPHL levels. TPHL was positively and significantly associated with living in urban areas (β = 2.42; p = 0.002), higher education (β = 2.93; p = 0.004), schooling (β = 0.96; p = 0.018), being single (β = 2.9; p = 0.029) and attending classes where sex education content was included (β = 4.72; p < 0.001). Conclusion Low TPHL scores show the importance of improving sex education for adolescents as a means of increasing TPHL for better health outcomes in Lao PDR.

Hubungan Peran Orang Tuadan Teman Sebaya dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) pada Remaja di SMK

Background:Teenagers experience physical, cognitive, socio emotional development. Curiosity and sexual fantasy cause teens to want to practice what adults do. Peers and the role of parents also play a very strong role in the attitude and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The role of parents is also important in the personal formation of adolescents. Parents have the role of helping teen increase self-confidence and teach teenagers to make decisions so as not to be influenced by their friends.Objective : To find out the relationship between the role of parents and peers with the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in adolescents at SMK Maarif Nu 1 Ajibarang.Method: This research is a quantitative descriptive study using cross sectional method. The sample of this study is the eleventh grade students namely 94 respondents taken by proportional random sampling. Questionnaire sheet is used to measure the instruments.Result: A total of 55 respondents (58.5%) and there are 73.4% respondents who are 17 years old. 64.9% Respondents received good influence from peers and 84.0% respondents with the good parents role. There are 53.2% adolescents with bad sexually transmitted disease prevention behaviors. The results of the analysis of peer variables and sexually transmitted disease prevention behaviors showed a significant relationship, with a p value = 0.002, and the role of parents with the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases also showed a significant relationship, with a p value = 0.005.Conclusion: There is a relationship between the role of parents and peers with the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in SMK.

Biomedical career enrichment programs: Exploring women and minority participants' motivators and outcomes.

Limited empirical data exists on why women and minority students enter Biomedical Career Enrichment Programs (BCEPs) and how program variables—such as duration of research—influence their intention to pursue research careers. This exploratory study reports motivators for participation in BCEPs among women and racial/ethnic minority students—historically underrepresented groups—and the influence of program and personal variables on their research-career intent and self-efficacy beliefs. We studied the program variables of research experience, research duration, and mentor influence; and the personal variables of race, gender, family, and peers. Using the conceptual framework of planned behavior theory and social cognitive career theory, we interviewed students from underrepresented groups participating in BCEPs that offered research experience for short duration (Group A), long duration (Group B), and no research experience (Group C). We utilized Atlas Ti, a qualitative methodological software tool, to analyze the interview responses. Students choosing a BCEP with research experience cited “opportunity to gain experience” and “interest or curiosity in research” as motivators. Duration of research experience had a positive relationship with enhancement in research skills and self-efficacy beliefs, but did not change the initial research-career intent of these BCEP participants. The study revealed an interesting and unexpected theme of “perceived deterrents” to a career in research that included stress of competition (e.g. grants), the instability of projects, and the isolation of scientific research. Importantly, the study findings indicate the need to reform program design and science policies that challenge the current biomedical workforce and dissuade interested students from underrepresented groups from entering the field.

Pengaruh Teman Sebaya Dan Lingkungan Keluarga Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Dalam Memilih Jurusan

This weaver was conducted in the students of Management majoring in economics Faculty of Majalengka University. The purpose of this research is to identify: peers, family environment and decision making, as well as how much influence of peers, the family environment to decision making. The object of this research is peer variables, family environment and decision making. The research population is the university's management student at Majalengka in 2013 – 2016. This research sample amounted to 87 students majoring in management Faculty of Economics, Majalengka University. The study was designed as a descriptive study of verificative with a quantitative approach. Hypothesis testing using T test testing and F test. Its analysis tools use multiple Regeresi analyses. Based on a hypothesis test the results of peers and family environments were significant to partial decision-making. Likewise, simultaneous peer-to-peer testing, the family environment has a positive and significant effect on decision making.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Demokratis dan Interaksi Teman Sebaya dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Siswa Kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Bebesen

This research aims to determine the relationship between democratic parenting and peer interaction with emotional intelligence. The hypothesis proposed, there is a positive relationship between democratic parenting and peer interaction with emotional intelligence, the higher democratic parenting pattern and peer interaction, so the emotional intelligence will be the higher also . The population in this research amounted to 113 people and the sample in this research amounted to 85 people. The method that researchers use is quantitative and for take a sampling technique researchers using total sampling technique. Scale form in the researchers using Guttman scale with the coefficient of reliability in democratic parenting of 0.903 on peer interaction of 0.764 and on emotional intelligence of 0.888. Data analysis that researchers used is multiple regression analysis and partial correlation. Based on the result, researchers concluded that there is a significant relationship between democratic parenting and peer interaction with emotional intelligence, as shown by coefficient r = 0.518; with p = 0.00 means (p 0.01) it’s means that the higher the democratic parenting pattern and peer interaction so the emotional intelligence will be the higher also . Based on the empirical mean and hypothetical variables mean of democratic parenting in this research is (70.106 57.00), Interaction variables of peers (44.047 36.00), and emotional intelligence variables (64.176 52.500) known that the subject of research has a democratic parenting, interaction peers and high emotional intelligence.

The Effects of the Personal, Parental, and Peer variables on the Perceived Social Capital in College Students

The Effects of the Personal, Parental, and Peer variables on the Perceived Social Capital in College Students

Analysis of factors affecting student Bidik Misi savings behavior

The objective of the research was to find out the financial literacy, socialization of parents, peers, and self-control influence of the saving behavior of bidik misi students on Fakultas Ekonomi - Universitas Samudra. The research type is quantitative descriptive that comes from primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques conducted by distributing questionnaires with a Likert scale with the number of respondents as many as 201 people. Data analysis method using multiple linear regression, with multiple linear regression analysis equation in research are: Y = 7,672 + 0,201X1 + 0,403X2 + 0,049X3 + 0,387X4. The value of Adjusted R Square obtained by 0,328 or 32,8% indicates the ability of financial literacy variables, socialization of parents, peers, and self-control in explaining the saving behavior of 32,8%, while the remaining 67,2% is influenced by other factors not researched. Significant value for financial literacy is 0,009 alpha 0,05, Peer variables significantly influence the behavior saving. Thus the hypothesis is rejected. Significance value for self-control 0.000 < alpha 0,05, Self-control variable have a significant effect on the saving behavior, and the hypothesis accepted.