A newly developed “scatter peel-off method” is described for investigations of the neutron energy spectrum in the lower eV-region. Measurements are also reported. This out-of-pile method utilizes the energy loss-scattering angle relation which governs the elastic neutron-hydrogen scattering. The differentiation of the angle-dependent reaction rate measured behind the scatterer by a cadmium covered He 3-detector yields the structure of the neutron spectrum from the cut-off energy of cadmium near 0·6 eV up to an energy of about 50 eV, which is the limit set by the resolution of the device. The theoretical fundamentals are explained, the device is described and related problems are discussed. The first measurements performed on a l/ E-spectrum, which was modified by known absorbers, showed the usefulness of this method. Further measurements performed on a hard spectrum were compared with measurements of resonance foils.