Pedagogical Reform Research Articles

English language teaching reforms in Vietnam: EFL teachers’ perceptions of their responses and the influential factors

ABSTRACT Introduction: Educational change, particularly English language teaching (ELT) pedagogical reforms, has received much attention from language researchers in the era of globalization and internationalization, especially in Vietnam. Purpose: This study is aimed to investigate teachers’ responses to ELT pedagogical reforms, what factors influence the responses, and if there are any differences in these factors among different groups of participants. Methodology: This study was conducted quantitatively, followed by qualitatively, i.e. a mixed method approach. The data were collected from 102 English as a foreign language (EFL) high-school teachers in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. Findings: The results from the questionnaire and interview revealed that teachers highly accepted ELT pedagogical reforms. Besides that, the teachers were strongly affected by the influential factors, especially students’ learning outcomes. Furthermore, the teachers with different educational qualifications were affected by the influential factors at different levels. Finally, the study found that the more teachers were affected by these factors, the more they accepted ELT pedagogical reforms. Based on these findings, implications were made for enhancing teachers’ teaching practices in response to ELT pedagogical reforms.

An Investigation into the Design of Blended Teaching in the Basic German Classroom

The rapid development of information technology has constantly promoted innovation and pedagogical reform of educational practice models. Blended teaching provides an ever-innovative new way of thinking for the current classroom teaching reform. Based on the definition of the concept of blended teaching and the study of the theories related to blended teaching, this paper describes the basic design of German classroom teaching in a blended curriculum.

The ‘science of education’ and Owenism: the case of Joseph Rey (1779–1855)

ABSTRACT This article examines the impact of Robert Owen’s educational ideas in France. It traces how his ideas attracted the attention of French liberals, particularly Charles de Lasteyrie, Alexandre de Laborde and Joseph-Marie de Gérando, and republicans associated with Marc-Antoine Jullien’s Revue Encyclopédique. The article focuses in particular on the work of one of Owen’s early French followers, the leading radical egalitarian political and social theorist Joseph Rey (1779–1855). The article examines how Owen’s reflections on education served as the foundation for Rey’s own theoretical and practical contributions to educational philosophy and pedagogical reform. Drawing extensively from unpublished archive material, the article describes and analyses Rey’s detailed egalitarian critique of the work of educational theorist Joseph Jacotot, and explores how Rey advanced a far more ambitious philosophy of education that, when translated into practice, eliminated the traditional divide between manual skills and intellectual ability, resulting in a genuinely inclusive and comprehensive educational system.

Pedagogical Reform at Primary Schools in Nepal: Examining the Child Centred Teaching

In the history of Nepalese education, 1853 AD marked the entry of the English system of education by the establishment of Durbar Elementary School by Jung Bahadur Rana after his return from his visit to Great Britain. The English type followed the British model of India, which was at one time accredited based on the Oxford and Cambridge examinations. Several other types of education, such as Buddhist Bihar, Hindu Ashram, and Gandhian Basic Education, existed side by side. Present-day, Nepalese school education has been facing two major enduring challenges: increasing access to education and improving the quality of education, which has now been put together as quality education for all. Explicitly or implicitly, Nepalese education documents forward learner-centered education (LCT) to improve the quality of education. Indented quality needs to be implemented at the classroom level, which yet seems not been materializing in the Nepalese context. It is, therefore, essential to analyze various facets of the LCT in the Nepalese context to weave different aspects together to achieve LCT in the Nepalese school classrooms. The major objective of the present article is to analyze the pedagogical reform at primary school from LCT perspectives in Nepal. Thus the present study wasdescriptive. Library documents and online documents were used as tools for the collection of data. The results of the present study indicated that what has been intended LCT practices have not been implemented. Still, there is a need to clarify envisioned LCT pedagogical approaches and its effective implementation. It will be worthwhile to plan a step by step implementation and development plan and execute it incrementally with emphasis on building upon successes and expanding.

Reform Pedagogy in Slovakia in the Interwar Period (Specifics and Selected Examples from Practice)

Reform Pedagogy in Slovakia in the Interwar Period (Specifics and Selected Examples from Practice)

Analysis of the Application of the Flipped Classroom in the Teaching of College Education Courses

The flipped classroom model is a method of educational reform that meets the needs of information technology development. On the one hand, it can promote the development of innovative and applicable human resources and improve the level of individual learning of university students. On the other hand, it can encourage the practice of teaching students using modern technologies and the need for teachers to master the use of the flipped classroom in higher education. Beginning with updating concepts and raising awareness, teachers need to change their learning habits and traditional teaching methods to facilitate the development of pedagogical reforms further. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of the classroom. It proposes strategies for applying the flipped classroom, including organizing teaching activities, setting learning objectives, and micro-video design and production.

The Dispute Over the Reform Pedagogue Peter Petersen (1884-1952) in Jena 2010: Review of a "Total Disaster" After Ten Years

With the reunification of Germany, a Jenaplan School was founded in 1991 in the city of Jena,Thuringia. Since then one place of the city carried Petersen's name. The University School at Jena, refounded by Petersen as Life Community School in 1924 (the traditional purpose as a mere teacher training school goes back to the year 1844) and received international attention during the Weimar Republic. Petersen's attempt to gain recognition in the Hitler state (1933-1945) with his reform pedagogy failed, but the University School was allowed to continue to exist. In 1950 it was closed by the socialist GDR state (East Germany). Ten years ago, a bitter dispute raged in Jena over Petersen because previously unknown racist texts written by him had been discovered. The dispute ended when Petersenplatz was renamed "Jenaplan". A book by Hein Retter, which appeared ten years ago, was highly controversial: it described children of Jewish and socialist origin as well as disabled children - from families who were threatened by Nazi ideology but who saw their children safe with Petersen. Looking back ten years, the author of the controversial book describes the Jena Petersen dispute and what can be learned from it.

The Universal Design for Learning Framework in Anatomical Sciences Education.

Over the past decades, teaching and learning within the discipline of anatomy has undergone significant changes. Some of these changes are due to a reduction in the number of teaching hours, while others are related to advancements in technology. Faced with these many choices for change, it can be difficult for faculty to decide on which new developments in anatomical education need or indeed can be integrated into their course to enhance student learning. This article presents the universal design for learning (UDL) framework-an informed, evidence-based, and robust approach to underpin new course design and pedagogical reform in anatomy education. Universal design for learning is not a theory but a framework grounded in cognitive neuroscience that focuses on engaging multiple brain networks. The guidelines for UDL are organized into three core principles: (1) provide multiple means of representation, (2) provide multiple means of action and expression, and (3) provide multiple means of engagement. The learning space within the anatomy laboratory provides an excellent opportunity in which to apply this framework. This article also describes current trends employed in the teaching of anatomy. The principles of UDL are then outlined, followed by a description of how UDL approaches have been applied in the design and delivery of anatomy practical teaching to first year medical students at University College Cork. Future implications for this work are a consideration and investigation of how a course designed with the principles of UDL at its heart ultimately benefits student learning.

Life reform, educational reform and reform pedagogy from the turn of the century up until 1945 in Hungary

Since the end of the 19th century, the modernisation processes of urbanisation and industrialisation taking place in Europe and the transatlantic regions have changed not only the natural environment but also social and geographical relations. The emergence of modern states changed the traditional societies, lifestyles and private lives of individuals and social groups. It is also characteristic of this period that social reform movements appeared in large numbers – as a «counterweight» to unprecedented, rapid and profound changes. Some of these movements sought to achieve the necessary changes with the help of individual self-reform. Life reform in the narrower sense refers to this type of reform movement. New historical pedagogical research shows that in the major school concepts of reform pedagogy a relatively close connection with life reform is discernible. Reform pedagogy is linked to life reform – and vice versa. Numerous sociotopes of life reform had their own schools, because how better to contribute than through education to the ideal reproduction and continuity of one’s own group. Our work ties in with this pedagogical research direction. The background to the first part of the study is a long-term project aimed at promoting contacts in life reform and reform pedagogy in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and later in Hungary. In the second part we analyse the process up to 1945, in which the ideas of life reform and the elements of reform pedagogy were institutionalised and integrated into the official pedagogical guidelines of the Hungarian universities.

EFL HIGH-SCHOOL TEACHERS’ RESPONSES TO ELT PEDAGOGICAL REFORMS IN THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM

In the era of globalization and internationalization, educational change, specifically English language teaching (ELT) pedagogical reforms, has been paid more attention to by language researchers. In Vietnam, ELT pedagogical reforms or educational change has been considered as an essential area. How the teachers respond to the reforms is very important; therefore, this study was conducted to investigate this issue. Questionnaire and interviewing were used to collect data from 102 English foreign language (EFL) teachers working in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The study was aimed to investigate teachers’ responses to 15 types of ELT pedagogical reforms, introduced by the Ministry of Education. The data, analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, showed that the teachers accepted the ELT pedagogical reforms in their teaching. Specifically, adapting teaching materials from different sources was supported most. However, some types were resisted, especially designing tests based on the Vietnamese Standardized Test of English Proficiency (VSTEP) framework. Article visualizations:

On the significance of doing philosophy in the history classroom: A theoretical and practical engagement with historical consciousness

<p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">This article offers an exploration of how the teaching and learning of philosophy and history may go forward together in the future. This comes at a time when both disciplines are undergoing considerable challenges in making themselves meaningful in school curriculums, albeit for different purposes. Whilst school philosophy has implicitly been considered a necessary feature of school curriculums by way of teachers addressing topics such as logic and ethics, the explicit teaching of philosophy itself has gone begging because the benefits of doing so have not been proven to be self-evident for curriculum writers (Hand 2018a). On the contrary, school history has consistently maintained itself as a subject that must be learnt by students, but the teaching and learning of the subject has undergone significant pedagogical reform since history educationalists have introduced and revised the ideas of historical thinking within history curriculum. Whilst philosophers have begun to form a more definitive pedagogical approach towards how they should teach philosophy, they are now concerning themselves with the policymaker’s question of <em>why</em> they should be teaching it. In contrast, historians are still at a crossroads as to <em>how</em> they should be teaching history but are still assured that they should be in the first place. Accordingly, this article will explore how both disciplines can answer their respective questions by unpacking the concept of ‘historical consciousness’. In doing so, it will make a more direct case as to why philosophy should be explicitly taught in schools as it provides a framework for students to engage with philosophical ideas and skills that are essential to the encountering and exploration of a student’s historical consciousness within the school history classroom.</span>

Principals’ voices pertaining to shared sense-making processes within a generally-outlined pedagogical reform implementation

ABSTRACT This qualitative study explores school principals’ perceptions and enactments of shared sense-making processes during a generally-outlined pedagogical reform, i.e. a broad-policy reform allowing educators to exercise their discretion in meeting its pedagogical goals, aiming to inquire what makes such processes critical to schools’ collective efficacy within reform implementation. Interviews with 25 high school principals implementing this reform in state and religious-state schools produced data, whose analysis yielded two major themes and sub-themes: (1) Communicating a shared vision: (a) a shared pedagogical vision; (b) a shared values-based vision; (c) a shared vision of pedagogical bluff; and (2) Strengthening school collective efficacy: (a) facilitating a collaborative instructional culture; (b) adjusting school reality toward instructional focus. A shared sense-making process offers a beneficial framework for principals and teachers collectively navigating complexity and uncertainty, while implementing ambiguous pedagogical policy demands within their unique contexts.

Spirituality and Concept of ’Child’ in Kokas Pedagogy for Children with Special Educational Needs

Klára Kokas was a music teacher and music psychologist (1929-2010). Her method is based on music, motion and manual arts, therefore it can be defined as a form of reform pedagogy, otherwise it is called complex art pedagogy. The main elements and characteristics of Klára Kokas’s pedagogy were revolutionary new ideas in the fields of personality development, and music education – compared to the practices of reform pedagogy trends in the 20th century Europe and the United States (Pukánszky-Németh, 1996). The main elements of this concept are music, dance improvisation, motion, imaginative stories, visual arts, painting and drawing. However, its most important component is the very specific and intimate relation, which connected her to children. This distinctive feature of the Kokas-method is hard to teach. Klára Kokas approached to people with problems, suffering and disabilities, especially to marginalized and disadvantaged children with utmost empathy. She struggled to develop the social-cognition skills and affectionate behavior of the handicapped children through her own invented musical method.Her writings reflected her relationship with God, namely the presence of Him which can be felt behind the scenes. His name was mostly unspoken, yet when she named Him, it was to reveal that God was always in her mind, like in her words and musical activities too.The goal of this paper is to search and frame that text corpus, which can outline the spirituality of Klára Kokas with the aim of drawing up her relationship with God and children – according to her publications, writings, essays, books, short-film compilations, movie archives and interviews (Kokas, 1992; 1999; 2002; 2007; 2012; 2013). The contours of her spirituality from her teachings, manuscripts and publications couldn’t be attributed to any religious denomination. Also, to be presented are her notions about youth and teenage spirit and a unique relation with the world, her own students, the talents, the music and the holiness: the spirituality of Klára Kokas. The importance of beliefs and moral convictions in the art of education will be outlined.A single paragraph of about 150-200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a complete overview of the work. We encourage authors to use the following style of abstracts: background, methods, results and conclusion. The abstract should give an objective representation of the article.

Seeking transformation: how students in nursing view their academic writing context- a qualitative systematic review.

Writing practices in nursing education programs are situated in a tension-filled context resulting from competing medical-technical and relational nursing discourses. The goal of this qualitative meta-study is to understand, from the student perspective, how the context for writing in nursing is constructed and the benefits of writing to nursing knowledge development. A literature search using the CINHAL, Medline, ERIC, and Academic Search complete databases, using systematic methods identified 21 papers and dissertations which gathered qualitative interview or survey data from students in nursing at the pre-registration, continuing education, and graduate levels. The studies provided evidence that writing assignments promote professional identity development but overemphasis on writing mechanics when grading have a deleterious effect on learning and student engagement with writing. Relationship building with faculty should extend beyond what is needed to maximize grades. Suggestions for writing pedagogical reform are identified to facilitate a change in focus from mechanical-technical to transformative writing.

O trabalho docente em grupos empresariais de ensino superior e o mercado de ações na bolsa de valores: Um estudo a partir dos conflitos

O presente artigo sumariza a identificação dos conflitos envolvendo o trabalho docente nos grupos educacionais de capital aberto, com ações na bolsa de valores [B]³ e que atuam na educação superior brasileira, especialmente: Ânima, Estácio, Kroton e Ser Educacional. A construção do objeto partiu da sistematização da empiria, por meio de metodologia específica para análise de conflitos sociais. A pesquisa possibilitou coligir conflitos existentes nessas organizações de ensino e que envolvem docentes e estudantes. O levantamento foi realizado a partir de reportagens que mencionavam a ocorrência de conflitos nas organizações estudadas (2009-2018). No total foram localizadas 102 reportagens que relatavam 56 conflitos. A partir desse levantamento, foi possível identificar que os docentes atuantes nesses grupos vivenciam reformas pedagógicas que favorecem disciplinas online, superlotação nas salas de aula e demissões. Para a caracterização dos grupos educacionais a pesquisa utilizou as informações do Censo da Educação Superior, o portal eletrônico da bolsa de valores, os sites dos grupos empresariais selecionados, revistas e jornais especializados. A investigação conclui que a análise dos conflitos permite compreender mudanças advindas do controle financeiro das organizações de ensino.

Tagore’s “rooted-cosmopolitanism” and international mindedness against institutional sustainability

ABSTRACT Cosmopolitanism is often seen as a western concept associated with liberal individualistic values. It is also associated mostly with the urban educated middle-class. However, cosmopolitan thinking has been also prevalent in the East. Scholars in the twenty-first century are increasingly arguing that, there are multiple ways of thinking about cosmopolitanism originating from different regions of the world. Among Eastern thinkers, Rabindranath Tagore from colonial British India has been considered by many as one of the most cosmopolitan thinkers. The uniqueness about Tagore’s cosmopolitanism is that, it did not uproot him from his rural Bengali roots and sense of ethnic identity. He was very much a “rooted-cosmopolitan”. In his book, ‘Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a world of strangers’, Kwame Anthony Appaiah had agued that, a “rooted cosmopolitan” is someone who was rooted in his own cultural context while having an open-mind to feel literally at home in the world. This article draws on archival research at Rabindra Bhawan in Shantiniketan and University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Library archives to further this argument and demonstrates how Tagore’s school and university were built drawing on his “rooted cosmopolitan” ideals and international mindedness. In conclusion, this article highlights some of the challenges of sustaining the reformist educational institutions led by Tagore’s unique personality traits, social and pedagogic reform movements in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century colonial British India.

Pedagogical Reform as Paradigm Shifts in Secondary Education

Pedagogical Reform as Paradigm Shifts in Secondary Education

Divergent Paths to Career Fulfillment in Applied Anthropology

Despite their academic training, most anthropologists do not work in tenure-track positions in departments of anthropology. While some systematic data indicate where these anthropologists are employed, we know less about their experiences or what led them to work outside the academy. This paper discusses examples of divergent career paths among the special issue contributors and analyzes key themes in their papers. While their histories vary generationally, our authors share commonalities. Many mastered cross-over skills that prepared them to work collaboratively and to apply anthropological insights and methods in research and community settings. Some perceived stigma and barriers to communicating with traditional academic colleagues. Others merged theory and practice to develop pedagogical reforms. Drawing on lessons as mentors in training programs and advocates in our own careers, we recommend that practitioners' narratives be used to re-imagine career options, revise training programs, and increase visibility for applied careers across the anthropological community.

Grupper i pædagogikken: fra indbyrdes undervisning til progressive tiltag og Cooperative Learning

The paper provides an insight into the role and function of groups in education. This is done through a genealogical analysis inspired by the French philosopher Michel Foucault. This means that there is a focus on the ways in which individuals are subjectivated, i.e. how they become subjects. The article shows how groups have been used in the Bell-Lancaster method, in the early reform pedagogy of the early 1900s, in the project pedagogy, which originated in the 1970’es, and in contemporary Cooperative Learning. The analysis shows how the different approaches offer very different opportunities for subjectivation for students and teachers: from subjugation in the Bell-Lancaster method to participation and individualization in the early reform pedagogy, critical attitude and flexibility in the 1970’es project pedagogy to internalization of structure in CL.

Mobile learning under personal cloud with a virtualization framework for outcome based education

Mobile learning under cloud environment, an amalgamation between mobile cloud computing and mobile learning has gained wide academic and commercial recognition during last few years. Although researches on MOOC and other means of Digital Learning is widely circulated, but research to enhance traditional mobile learning using newer types of ubiquitous and pervasive devices (e.g. Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment or MOODLE) for collecting resources is yet to be widely circulated in the literature. The proposed work is expected to make learning more cost-effective, collaborative and practical for the learners using Personal Cloud environment. The work further expedites the proposed virtualization framework (through VMware vSphere Hypervisor- ESXi) and how it provides technical back-bone in which some pedagogical reforms may optimize knowledge transfer substantiating outcome based education (OBE). This solution can be beneficial for mass learners including poor and under privileged and will help in getting rid of digital divide.