Pearson Product Moment Test Research Articles

Correlation of The Application of Teaching At The Right Level (Tarl) With Students' Basic Literacy Outcomes

This study aims to identify the correlation between the implementation of the TaRL (Teaching at the Right Level) approach and the improvement of grade I students' basic literacy learning outcomes. Using a quantitative correlational method, the study involved 25 students grouped into four ability levels: Special Intervention, Basic, Proficient and Advanced. The test results showed that 17 students were at the Special Intervention level, 1 student at the Basic level, 7 students at the Advanced level and none at the Proficient level. Meanwhile, to get data on learning outcomes, students were given multiple choice questions to measure their abilities. Data analysis using the Pearson Product Moment test showed a correlation value of 0.812, which is higher than the critical value of 0.396 at the 5% significance level. This indicates a very strong correlation between the application of TaRL and the improvement of basic literacy learning outcomes based on correlation interpretation. Thus, the null hypothesis (H0: no correlation) is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (H1 : correlation) is accepted. In conclusion, the application of the TaRL approach is positively related to the improvement of students' basic literacy learning outcomes, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in literacy learning.

The relationship between peer social support and self-regulated learning in Samarinda Ulu state junior high school students

Purpose: The capacity for self-regulated learning (SRL) assumes a pivotal role among state junior high school students (SMPN), necessitating autonomy in learning endeavors due to the evolving nature of educational processes. Social contextual factors, especially peer social support (PSS), exert significant influence on the manifestation of self-regulated learning. This study aims to elucidate the association between peer social support and self-regulated learning among students of state junior high schools in Samarinda Ulu. Method: Employing quantitative correlational research methodology. Random sampling techniques were employed, with sample sizes adjusted to ensure representation across schools, resulting in a cohort of 347 participants from seven state junior high schools within the Samarinda Ulu sub-district. Research instruments included the Peer Support Questionnaire scale and measures of self-regulated learning. Statistical analysis, using the Pearson Product Moment test aided by the Jamovi application. Result: Revealed a significant correlation with a p-value of 0.001 < 0.05 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.399, This shows that the hypothesis in this study is proven, showing that there is a relationship between PSS and SRL. This value shows a positive number, which means there is a positive but relatively low relationship between the SRL variable and the PSS variable. The meaning can be interpreted as if the higher the PSS, the SRL possessed by students will also be classified as high. Then conversely, if the PSS level obtained is lower, then the SRL possessed by students will also be classified as low. Conclusion: Based on the results of the Pearson product moment correlation test, ap value of 0.001 <0.05 and an r value = 0.399 was obtained, which means that the working hypothesis (Ha) in this study was accepted, namely that there is a significant relationship between peer social support and self-regulated learning, the nature of the correlation is positive, which means that an increase in the score on the peer support variable will cause an increase in the SLR score. However, the magnitude of the correlation is relatively low, where the variance in peer social support that can explain the SLR variance is 15.92%.

The impact of asphyxia on the development of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns: An observational study

Asphyxia is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns in both developing and developed countries. The prevalence of asphyxia in provincial referral hospitals in Indonesia is 41.94%. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the first minute Apgar score and bilirubin levels in newborns at Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto. The type of research used is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were newborns who were cared for in the perinatal room at Margono Soekarjo Hospital Purwokerto in 2021-2022 with a total of 3824 babies. The sample size was 156. Data analysis used the Pearson Product Moment test. The results showed that the lowest Apgar score was 1 and the highest Apgar score was 8, the average Apgar score was 5. The lowest bilirubin level was 0.1 mg/dL and the highest bilirubin level was 24.16 mg/dL, the average bilirubin level was 10.68 mg /dL. There is a significant correlation between Apgar scores and bilirubin levels in newborns at Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto, with a weak correlation (-0.231). Conclusion: The greater the Apgar score, the lower the bilirubin level.

Correlation between self-efficacy and health status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in primary health care

The health status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients is observed to decrease simultaneously along with the length of time. Despite the various treatment management offered in primary care, a decrease in health status is also observed among patients in Indonesia as shown by the low self-care ability. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and the health status of patients in primary care in Indonesia to provide evidence for the development of care management interventions for T2DM patients.The research used a descriptive analytical method with a cross-sectional design, including 327 T2DM patients in primary health care selected through cluster random sampling. Data collection used the Indonesian version of the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES) and Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaires which had been tested for validity and reliability. The data obtained were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test with a significance value of 0.01.The results obtained an r-value of 0.485 with a p-value of 0.00, showing a significant relationship between self-efficacy and health status in T2DM patients (0.00<0.01; CI 99%).In conclusion, this study highlights a significant correlation between self-efficacy and the health status of individuals diagnosed with T2DM. The findings emphasize the pivotal role of self-efficacy in shaping the health outcomes of patients with T2DM.

Caries risk assessment on special needs children in Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia

Introduction: The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia is considerably high and there is no significant improvement about that condition. Intensive care related with caries needs to be caried out, especially for special needs children. Those children have limited or even no ability to take care of their oral health and it will increase caries prevalence among them. The aim of this study is to investigate caries risk among special needs children in Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study which conducted on 101 pairs special needs children and their parents in Gianyar regency of Bali, Indonesia. The data was collected through questionnaire interview while intraoral assessment was done through direct intra oral examination of the special needs children. The questionnaire was an adaptation of CAMBRA Caries Risk Assessment and had gone through a validity test using Pearson Product Moment Test and a reliability test using Cronbach Alpha Test. Results: The result shows that 72.3% children are in high-risk category, 10.9% children are in extreme risk category, 8,9% children are in moderate risk category, and only 7.9% children are in low-risk category. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the caries risk among special needs children in Gianyar regency of Bali, Indonesia is considerably high.

WHAT IS THE INFLUENCE OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION ON STUDENT’S PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING?

Smartphone addiction has many impacts on its users both physical and psychological. This research was conducted to explore the influence of smartphone addiction on psychological well-being among university students 407 students from various faculties of a university in Indonesia (181 men and 226 women) were selected based on the cluster random sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) and Psychological well-being scale that aimed to answer the main objective of the study. Data collected from the study was nalyzed azed using regression tests, Pearson product-moment tests, descriptive tests, as well as the t-test and ANOVA. The results shows that there was significant influence of smartphone addiction on psychological well-being of university students.

Hubungan antara Kepatuhan Minum Obat dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Tuberkulosis

The period of tuberculosis treatment affects patient compliance with the treatment. Compliance to medication is a very important indicator of success for the recovery of tuberculosis patients which can lead to changes in the patient's health status which affects the quality of life of tuberculosis patients. To identify the correlation between compliance in taking medication and the quality of life of tuberculosis patients in the working area of Labuan Bajo Public Health Center. This study employed a correlation analytic study with a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted from August 2023 to January 2024 in the working area of Labuan Bajo Public Health Center. The population in this study were all patients with tuberculosis. 80 people involved in this study selected through total sampling. The data were collected using a questionnaire to measure their compliance in taking medication, and the WHOQOL-BREFF quality of life questionnaire. The collected data were then analyzed using Pearson Product Moment test. The results of study showed that the majority of tuberculosis patients had a high quality of life (81.3%) and comply in taking medication (77.5%). The results of the analysis showed a significant correlation between compliance in taking medication and the quality of life of tuberculosis patients in the working area of Labuan Bajo Public Health Center (p0.05, r=0.67). Family support plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients. The lack of knowledge about the medicine side effect lead to incompliance in taking medication.

PENGEMBANGAN KUESIONER KEBUTUHAN DAN HAMBATAN PENERAPAN ETIKET OBAT BERBASIS BRAILE

Indonesia has around 1.5% or more than 3.75 million blind people. Of concern is that people with visual impairment are at high risk of medication errors. Even though there are many solutions for implementing Braille labels in daily practice, there are not many agencies that provide this service. Therefore, it is necessary to have an instrument that can measure the needs and barriers to implementing Braille etiquette. The research includes developing an instrument to measure the needs and barriers to implementing Braille etiquette in pharmaceutical services. The research instrument developed was a questionnaire with the name EKREB, which is an acronym for "Evaluation of Braille Etiquette Needs and Barriers". The development of the questionnaire went through the instrument design stages which included planning, construction, reliability testing and validity testing. The total number of EKREB questionnaire design items was 23 items which were then distributed online. The testing involved 30 respondents consisting of 11 undergraduate pharmacy students, 8 pharmaceutical technical staff, and 11 pharmacists in the Situbondo area. Of the 20 items tested, the Crobach's Alpha value obtained was 0.908 (0.6) so a decision could be made that the questionnaire was declared reliable and entered the high reliability category. The results of the Pearson Product Moment test have a sig value. From each questionnaire item obtained 0.05 so that the questionnaire items are declared valid. Based on the research results that have been obtained, it can be concluded that the results of the development of the EKREB questionnaire are declared as valid and reliable instruments to be used as data collection tools for evaluating needs and barriers to service implementation. Braille labels in clinical-community pharmacy practice.

Examining the Impact of Family-based Anti-corruption Character Education on Adolescent Attitudes: A Case Study of SMA Negeri 12 Makassar

Family is a primary factor in shaping children's character, including their stance against corruption. Permissive family attitudes towards corrupt behavior may normalize such behavior in children. This study aims to analyze the effect of anti-corruption character education within the family on the anti-corruption attitudes of adolescents at SMA Negeri 12 Makassar. Using a quantitative survey approach, the study involved 200 students from grades X and XI. Data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test, revealing a correlation coefficient of 0.398 and a t-value of 6.214, both indicating a significant positive relationship. The determination test showed that 14.8% of the variance in adolescent anti-corruption character is explained by family education, while 85.2% is influenced by other factors. These findings underscore the crucial role of family in fostering anti-corruption values and suggest that enhancing family-based educational strategies could further strengthen anti-corruption character in youth.

The Role of Social Assistants with Community Independence

The role of social assistants has a correlation with community independence. The social assistance program aims to empower the community to be socially and economically independent so that they are not fully dependent on government assistance. The role of the companion becomes very important in the effort of community independence. The method used is a survey of social assistants with sample selection techniques using random samples and using a Likert scale. The Pearson Product Moment test result of 0.835 means that the role of social assistants with community independence is highly correlated.

The Impact of Online Learning During The Covid 19 Pandemic on Mental Changes of Adolescents in Junior High School 1 Blitar

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia occurred in March 2020 and is increasing throughout Indonesia. Based on this, the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia held online-based learning in the context of preventing the spread of COVID-19. Online learning from home, causes many students to complain, so it is possible to cause problems with mental changes in adolescents, such as depression, anxiety and stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental changes of adolescents at SMPN 1 Blitar. This type of research is correlational with a cross sectional approach with a sample of 76 respondents at SMPN 1 Blitar using proportional random sampling technique and then analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test. Data collection using the DASS42 questionnaire. The results showed that the impact of online learning during the pandemic was 38.2% depression, 36.8% anxiety and 38.2% stress. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that there is a significant relationship between online learning during the pandemic and the occurrence of depression in students with Pv = 0.001, anxiety with Pv = 0.000 and stress with Pv = 0.006. Therefore, researchers suggest that students should motivate students to generate interest in learning and must foster positive thinking in students so that their physical and mental health can be maintained properly.

Correlation of Verbal Abuse to Children's Self-Confidence

The study aims to analyze the relationship between verbal violence and self-confidence of children 4-5 years old in Wonosari Village, Kebumen District. The method used in this study is a survey method with a correlational approach. The independent variable or independent variable in the study is verbal violence. The variable tied to this study is confidence. The population in this study amounted to 2816 children aged 4-5 years along with their parents in kindergarten family planning located in Kebumen District. The author uses a simple random sampling technique because the population in this study is homogeneous using the slovin formula. Based on the slovin formula, the sample value was obtained at 96.5 or rounded to 96 parents of children. In this research, the data collection instrument is in the form of questionnaires. Test the hypothesis in this study using the Pearson Product Moment test using SPSS v22 software. The results showed a correlation coefficient value of -0.551, which shows that the relationship is negative and strong. Based on the results, the significance value between the variables of verbal violence and self-confidence has a significance value of 0.003 < 0.05, which means there is a significant correlation. So it can be concluded that the higher the level of verbal violence experienced by children, the lower the trust in children aged 4-5 years in Kebumen sub-district.

The Correlation Between Learning Environment in the Nursing Laboratory and Student Learning Satisfaction with the GPA of Third Semester Nursing Students

Background: In the learning process, its environment can affect students' concentration and information absorption, as well as their achievement of competencies. Student satisfaction with learning enhances their motivation to explore the material, thus improving their learning outcomes in terms of GPA.The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the learning environment in the nursing laboratory, student learning satisfaction, and the GPA of third-semester nursing students at the university. Method: This research is quantitative with an analytic correlation design and uses a cross-sectional approach. The sample was selected using purposive sampling with a total of 144 respondents. Univariate analysis is presented in frequency and percentage tables. Bivariate analysis employs the Pearson Product Moment test. Results: The results of the research using the Pearson Product Moment analysis show that the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.682 indicates a significant relationship between the learning environment in the laboratory and student satisfaction with learning in nursing. The correlation between the learning environment in the laboratory and students' GPA is 0.635, while the correlation between learning satisfaction and students' GPA is 0.434, indicating a fairly strong correlation between these two variables. Conclusion: The significant correlation (p) of 0.0001 indicates a strong positive correlation between the learning environment in the laboratory and learning satisfaction. The correlation between learning environment and students' GPA is strong, indicating that a better learning environment leads to higher GPAs. Additionally, the correlation between learning satisfaction and students' GPA is moderately strong.

The Quality of Parent-Child Interaction and Its Impact on Juvenile Delinquency at Kartika X-2 Vocational School in South Jakarta, Indonesia

Background: Recent data in the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) reported an increase in juvenile delinquency cases in Indonesia over recent years. Interviews conducted in Jakarta revealed that a significant portion of students admitted to behaviors such as being absent from class, sleeping during class time, and participating in school fights. Additionally, many students indicated that they do not seek advice or discuss issues that occur both in and out of school, with their parents when facing problems, while a smaller portion reported the opposite. Objective: The present study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of parent-child interactions in the family and the tendency for juvenile delinquency among students at Kartika X-2 Vocational School in South Jakarta. Methods: This study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional research design. The sample in this study consisted of 92 respondents from classes I and II at Kartika X-2 Vocational School in South Jakarta. The study participants were selected using a non-probability sampling technique with the quota sampling method. Results: The statistical tests using the Pearson's Product Moment test obtained a correlation value of 0.543 with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05. This shows that there is a significant relationship between the correlation results of parent-child interactions in the family and the tendency for juvenile delinquency. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the quality of parents and children in the family and the tendency for juvenile delinquency among students. Nurses should develop more strategies for providing parental education, as parental control and supervision are crucial factors in raising children effectively.

Hubungan Beban Kerja Mental dan Kelelahan Kerja dengan Unsafe Action pada Pengemudi Batik Solo Trans (BST) Koridor 1

Batik Solo Trans bus corridor 1 is a corridor that serves the longest route with a distance of ±54 km and 121 stops. Secondary data shows an increase in the incidence of BST accidents by 8 cases (18%) in 2022 with 43 cases. The type of accident was dominated by unsafe action as many as 26 cases (60%) and 8 cases (30%) of which occurred in corridor 1. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between mental workload and work fatigue with unsafe action in BST corridor 1 drivers. Respondents were taken from BST corridor 1 drivers with a population and sample of 64 people. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The study used questionnaires to measure mental workload, fatigue, and unsafe action. Data analysis techniques in this study are pearson product-moment test for bivariate analysis and the multiple linear regression test for multivariate analysis. The correlation test results obtained p = 0.000 and r = 0.661, meaning that there is a meaningful and significant relationship between mental workload and unsafe action. The correlation test of the work fatigue variable with unsafe action also showed an important relationship between the two with p = 0.000 and r = 0.640 values. Based on multiple linear regression tests, a significance value of 0.000 was obtained, which means that mental workload and work fatigue together affect unsafe action with a contribution of 53% and fatigue is the most influential variable on unsafe action in BST corridor 1 drivers.

Description of Cholinesterase Levels and Hemoglobin Levels in Male Farmers Using Organophosphate Pesticide

Abstract
 Background: Pesticides can enter the body through inhalation, so it is necessary to check Cholinesterase levels to find out poisoning or exposure to pesticides in the body. Conditions of oxidative stress due to pesticides can trigger the process of lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane of erythrocytes. This process causes a loss of membrane fluidity and increased fragility or fragility of the erythrocyte membrane. Erythrocytes will easily break or lyse which will eventually cause a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the blood.
 Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine Cholinesterase levels and Hemoglobin levels in male farmers using Organophosphate pesticides
 Research Metodes: This research method is descriptive with a cross-sectional study design..
 Results: The results showed that 18 respondents (90%) had Hemoglobin levels within normal limits, the highest Hemoglobin result was 18.1 g/dL and the lowest Hemoglobin result was 11.6 g/dL. 20 respondents with a percentage of 100% had cholinesterase levels within normal limits, the highest cholinesterase result was 12485 u/L and the lowest cholinesterase result was 6985 u/L. Pearson Product Moment test results obtained a p value of 0.470
 (> 0.05).
 Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant relationship between Cholinesterase levels and hemoglobin levels.

Correlation of Chemotherapy Frequency with Nutritional Status and Leukocyte Levels in Breast Cancer Patients at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Regional General Hospital

This study aims to determine the relationship between chemotherapy frequency and nutritional status and leukocyte levels in breast cancer patients. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted in September 2023. The sample consisted of 33 people and was taken using accidental sampling technique. There are 2 types of research data, namely primary data (frequency of chemotherapy and nutritional status) and secondary data (leukocyte levels). Data analysis used the Pearson chi-square test (α<0.050) with the Pearson product moment test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of chemotherapy and the nutritional status of breast cancer patients (p=0.043) with a low correlation (r=-0.235) and there was a relationship between the frequency of chemotherapy and the leukocyte levels of breast cancer patients (p=0.009) with a medium correlation. or quite strong (r=-0.530).

Hubungan Pola Interaksi Keluarga dan Perkembangan Kemampuan Pragmatik Anak Prasekolah di TKIT Insan Kamil Karanganyar

ABSTRACT Background: Family interaction patterns are reciprocal relationships within a family that are deliberately built to influence, change, or improve behavior with social contact and communication between family members. Whether or not family interaction patterns are harmonious affects the development of language (including pragmatic language) and the child's social. Pragmatics is the ability to use language according to the context in social communication. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between family interaction patterns and the development of pragmatic abilities of preschoolers in TKIT Insan Kamil Karanganyar Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling, with a total sample of 58 respondents. The collected data was tested using Pearson Product Moment. Research Results: Pearson Product Moment test results obtained a p value of 0.000, that is, if the p value < 0.05, then the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. The strength of the relationship can be seen from the result r = 0.880, the result shows a "very strong" correlation strength. Conclusion: There is a relationship between family interaction patterns and the development of pragmatic abilities of preschoolers in TKIT Insan Kamil Karanganyar Keywords: Family Interaction Patterns, Development of Pragmatic Abilities, Preschoolers

The Relationship Between Anxiety Level and Mathematics Learning Achievement on the Area of Rectangles and Squares in Class IV Students

This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and mathematics learning achievement regarding the area of rectangles and squares in class IV students at SDN 21 Pekanbaru. This type of research is quantitative with a correlation model. Data collection techniques used anxiety scales and written tests. The population in this study were all students at SDN 21 Pekanbaru and the sample used was class IV C students at SDN 21 Pekanbaru. Prerequisite tests use normality, linearity and heteroscedasticity tests. The data analysis technique used is Pearson product moment with the help of SPSS 25. The normality test results for the anxiety scale and learning achievement are 0.749 and 0.074, the value is greater than 0.05, so the data is normal, the linearity result is 0.511, which is greater than 0.05, so the data stated to be linear, and the heteroscedasticity test of 0.205 is greater than 0.05, it is concluded that there is no heteroscedasticity in the data. The Pearson product moment test result is 0.007 where the value is 0.05. There is a significant relationship between the anxiety variable and mathematics learning achievement, with the direction of the relationship being negative because the correlation coefficient results have a negative sign (-) which means, the higher the students' anxiety regarding mathematics learning, the lower the students' learning achievement results will be.

Hubungan parental stress terhadap self-esteem orang tua yang memiliki anak dengan autism spectrum disorder

Parents of children with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) face challenges that put them at high levels of stress. Self- esteem can reduce the negative impact of parental stress. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between parental stress and self-esteem in parents who have children with ASD. The method used in this research uses quantitative methods with a correlational design. The sample for this study was 114 parents with ASD. Parental stress was measured using the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) and self-esteem was measured using the self-esteem scale. Pearson product moment correlation was used to analyze the data. The results of the Pearson product moment test obtained r = -.46 and p = 0.00. The results of this study found that parents had moderate levels of parental stress (69.3%) and had moderate self-esteem (60.5%). These results prove that there is a significant relationship between parental stress and self-esteem in ASD parentsKeywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, parental stress, self-esteem