Pearson Correlation Coefficient Research Articles

Relationship Between the Application of ICT and Effective Planning in Federal Universities of Northern Nigeria

Relationship Between the Application of ICT and Effective Planning in Federal Universities of Northern Nigeria

Prediction Model of Coal Gas Permeability Based on Improved DBO Optimized BP Neural Network.

Accurate measurement of coal gas permeability helps prevent coal gas safety accidents effectively. To predict permeability more accurately, we propose the IDBO-BPNN coal body gas permeability prediction model. This model combines the Improved Dung Beetle algorithm (IDBO) with the BP neural network (BPNN). First, the Sine chaotic mapping, Osprey optimization algorithm, and adaptive T-distribution dynamic selection strategy are integrated to enhance the DBO algorithm and improve its global search capability. Then, IDBO is utilized to optimize the weights and thresholds in BPNN to enhance its prediction accuracy and mitigate the risk of overfitting to some extent. Secondly, based on the influencing factors of gas permeability, effective stress, gas pressure, temperature, and compressive strength, they are chosen as the coupling indicators. The SPSS 27 software is used to analyze the correlation among the indicators using the Pearson correlation coefficient matrix. Additionally, the Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) is employed to extract the original data. Then, the original data is divided into principal component data for the model input. The prediction results of the IDBO-BPNN model are compared with those of the PSO-BPNN, PSO-LSSVM, PSO-SVM, MPA-BPNN, WOA-SVM, BES-SVM, and DPO-BPNN models. This comparison assesses the capability of KPCA to enhance the accuracy of model predictions and the performance of the IDBO-BPNN model. Finally, the IDBO-BPNN model is tested using data from a coal mine in Shanxi. The results indicate that the predicted outcome closely aligns with the actual value, confirming the reliability and stability of the model. Therefore, the IDBO-BPNN model is better suited for predicting coal gas permeability in academic research writing.

Technological Advances in Early Childhood Bilingual Learning: A Quantitative Analysis

This study explores the multifaceted role of technology in augmenting early childhood bilingual education, emphasizing interactive software, multimedia resources, online communication, and programming for cognitive development. Through a series of quantitative analyses, this research delineates the significant impact of technology-enhanced learning environments on vocabulary acquisition, engagement, personalized learning, multimodal learning efficacy, phonetic recognition, cultural immersion, global classroom participation, conversational fluency, cultural competency, logic and problem-solving skills, coding for language learning, and creative expression. Findings from statistical methods, including Pearson correlation coefficients, repeated measures ANOVAs, and pre-and post-test designs, reveal notable improvements in language proficiency, cognitive abilities, cultural awareness, and expressive skills among young learners exposed to technology-integrated instruction. Specifically, gamification in language apps, adaptive learning technologies, multimedia input, and programming tasks have shown to considerably enhance educational outcomes. This paper advocates for a strategic integration of digital tools in early childhood bilingual curriculums to foster a comprehensive developmental approach, thereby preparing students for the challenges of a globalized and technologically advanced society.

Impact of Social Media Usage & Social Engagement on Physical- Mental Health of Young Employees

Due to the dispensable exercise of social media, young employees have reduced social engagement. The objective of the present study was to find out the impact of the exertion of social media and social engagement on the physical-mental health issues of young professionals working in diverse sectors. Together 431 young respondents age group 22-38 have responded to the questionnaire about the use of social media, social engagement, and their physical mental health issues. Principal Factor analysis revealed unique factors measuring employee social media, social engagement, and physical-mental health issues. Scale reliability was .80, .79, and .60, for social media, physical-mental health issues, and social engagement respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a positive association between excess usage of social media and increased physical-mental health problems. There was a negative relationship found between high social engagements and reduced physical-mental health issues among the employees. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed and validated all three measured scales. The structural equation model revealed a positive effect of social media usage upon increased physical-mental health issues. However, social engagements were found to have a negative relationship with reduced physical-mental health of the young employees. This signifies that the overburdening use of social media increases physical-mental health problems among young professionals. However, social engagement reduces the physical-mental health issues among the employees significantly. The present study recommends that social engagement is required for young professionals to keep them healthy.

CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF NORMAL AND JAUNDICE-RELATED BIRTHS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN GENERAL HOSPITAL AGBOR (SEMI-URBAN) AND FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER ASABA (URBAN), 2013-2022

CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF NORMAL AND JAUNDICE-RELATED BIRTHS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN GENERAL HOSPITAL AGBOR (SEMI-URBAN) AND FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER ASABA (URBAN), 2013-2022

EVALUATION OF SEMANTIC SIMILARITY BETWEEN GENE ONTOLOGY BASED ON PROTEIN FAMILY AND PATHWAY ANALYSIS

An evolving vocabulary that explains the roles of proteins and genes is called gene ontology, or GO. Gene ontology (GO) describes the molecular, cellular, and biological levels of gene functioning. Semantic similarity gained relevance due to the widespread usage of gene annotations. There are a number of semantic similarity metrics that are available in the literature that concentrate on various strategies: distance-based techniques at the word level or gene product level, external documents, topology-based approaches that focus on boundaries, ancestor or child nodes. We presume that combining all of these elements results in a methodical way to gauge the degree of similarity across GO annotation items. We have conducted a detailed analysis of the biological pathways and GO keywords, and we have created a semantic measure of similarity called SimGOT. SimGOT takes into account topology-based similarity measures, membership of words in fuzzy clustering, and semantics hidden in the ontology or information content of a term. UniProt is used to build the datasets that are positive and negative. We compared four existing GO-based semantic similarity metrics based on semantic similarity, Pearsons correlation coefficient, and Protein Family (Pfam) subdomain group similarity. The superiority of SimGOT over alternative semantic similarity metrics is demonstrated by the experimental findings. KEYWORDS—Gene Ontology, Pearsons correlation coefficient, Protein family, SimGOT, UniProt

Comparison of Cognitive Reserve, Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: Few studies have comprehensively examined the cognitive reserve in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive reserve, depression, and anxiety in patients with DM.. Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 80 participants (40 with DM and 40 with healthy controls). Patients with DM diagnosed at a hospital's internal medicine outpatient clinic were included. Patients’ cognitive reserve was evaluated with Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRI). Depression and anxiety of the individuals were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The difference between the groups was analyzed by independent sample t-test. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the parameters. Results: Individuals with DM had significantly lower CRI-total (p=0.009) and CRI-education (p=0.011) scores. In addition, BDI (p=0.001) and BAI (p=0.019) scores were higher in individuals with DM. Correlational analyses showed a statistically significant weak negative correlation between BDI and CRI-total (r=-0.373, p=0.001), CRI-education (r=-0.294, p=0.008) and CRI-work (r=-0.386, p=0.001) scores in individuals with DM. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed a lower cognitive reserve (particularly education-related component) in patients with DM. Besides, depression and anxiety were higher in individuals with DM than in healthy controls. In participants with DM, depression was associated with cognitive reserve (except leisure time).

Moderating Effect of Empowerment on Servant Leadership and Church Spiritual Growth

Purpose: This study entailed assessing moderating effect of empowerment on servant leadership and church spiritual growth. The general objective of the study was to establish how empowerment moderates the relationship between servant leadership and church spiritual growth in Pentecostal Churches in Kenya within the Nairobi metropolitan counties. The study delved on Pentecostal Evangelical Fellowship of Africa (PEFA); Kenya Assemblies of God (KAG), and Full Gospel Churches of Kenya (FGCK), all under the umbrella of National Council of Churches of Kenya (NCCK). The study was guided by servant leadership, empowerment and spiritual leadership theories which all indicate that servant leaders play a crucial role in empowerment of church members and consequently causing effect on church growth. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used for the study and pragmatism was employed as a philosophical framework for the research. The study employed a mixed method approach with both quantitative and qualitative research methods in use and data collection undertaken through, questionnaires and interview guides. The target population constituted 2000 church pastors, elders as well as members from which a sample of 333 was obtained through purposive and stratified random sampling techniques in selected Pentecostal churches within Nairobi, Machakos, Muranga, Kiambu and Kajiado counties. The total response rate was 304 (91%). Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, where Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 was used. On qualitative data, thematic analysis was carried out on two focus discussions groups to determine views of participants. Findings: Church members’ empowerment has no significant moderating effect in the relationship between servant leadership and church spiritual growth of Pentecostal Churches within Nairobi metropolitan counties of Kenya. The linearity test results for the relationship between spiritual growth and empowerment suggest a significant linear association, as indicated by the low p-values (all p-values are less than 0.05). The high F-value (197.904) and low p-value (0.000) suggest a highly significant linear relationship between Spiritual Growth and Empowerment. The Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) of 0.609 signifies a moderately strong positive relationship between spiritual growth and empowerment, indicating that as one variable increases, the other tends to increase as well. There is therefore a significant moderating effect of empowerment on servant leadership and church spiritual growth. On the research question that stated: “To what extent does Church members’ empowerment moderate the relationship between servant leadership and church spiritual growth of Pentecostal Churches within Nairobi metropolitan counties in Kenya?” Majority of participants agreed that church members’ empowerment moderated relationship between servant leadership and church spiritual growth pointing that training, involvement and sharing of responsibilities with church members by their leaders positively affected church growth both spiritually and numerically. Implications to theory, practice and Policy: The study supported servant leadership, empowerment and spiritual leadership theories. In addition, the study bridged a number of research gaps in area of servant leadership, empowerment and church spiritual growth indicated in the statement of the problem. The most noticeable gap is the contextual gap where many studies on church growth only delved on numerical growth and leaving out spiritual growth of which this study addressed. The study recommended that the church should put more emphasis on active participation of church members in decision making processes especially on provision of suggestion boxes within the church premises for this triggers church spiritual growth. The church was recommended to adopt servant leadership style and endeavor to empower the membership so as to realize church spiritual growth.

Prediction of Live Weight and Carcass Characteristics from Linear Body Measurements of Yearling Male Local Sheep

Measurements of the body structure in sheep are worthy of judging the quantitative features of meat and useful in developing appropriate selection requirements. The current study was aimed to predict live weight and hot carcass weight from linear body measurements of yearling male local sheep. 84 days feeding period fortnightly taken data on 24 local sheep for body weight, body length, heart girth, wither height, sub-sternal height, tail length, tail width, scrotal circumference, and scrotal length were analyzed to study the relationship between linear body measurements and body weight. At the end of the trial all sheep were slaughtered to measure the relationship between body measurements, and hot carcass weight. Microsoft Excel 2010 was used for data analysis. The relationships between the various body measurements were calculated using pearson's correlation coefficient. The backward stepwise multiple regression procedure was used for the determination of the most suitable model for the prediction of the live weight and hot carcass weight. Hot carcass weight was highly correlated (P<0.01) with body weight and scrotal circumference. Besides, it was significantly (P<0.05) correlated with tail width. Body weight was significantly (P<0.05) correlated with all body measurements except tail length and scrotal length. It is concluded that the body weight of the local sheep can be predicted with heart girth, sub-sternal height and tail width; the equation is LW= -97.2 + 0.36HG + 2.1SBSH + 0.57TW with a better coefficient of determination; R2 = 0.55 and the hot carcass weight can be predicted with sub-sternal height and tail width; the equation is HCW= -75.66 + 1.75SBSH + 0.85TW with a coefficient of determination; R2 = 0.33. But, hot carcass can be predicted with body weight, the equation is HCW= -9.39+0.85BWT when weighing scales are affordable with a better coefficient of determination; R2= 0.557.

Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Left Atrial and Left Ventricular Deformation and Atrioventricular Interactions in Patients With Myocardial Infarction.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with worse prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is unclear how MetS in MI patients is associated with left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) deformation. To determine the effect of MetS on LA and LV deformation and atrioventricular interactions in MI patients. Retrospective. One hundred eighty-one MI patients (73 MetS+ and 108 MetS-), 107 age- and sex-matched controls (49 MetS+ and 58 MetS-). 3.0 T/balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP)/segmented phase-sensitive inversion recovery SSFP sequence. LA strain and strain rates (reservoir, conduit, and active), left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI), and LV geometry and radial, circumferential and longitudinal global peak strains (PS) were compared among groups. Two-way analysis of variance, Spearman and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression analysis. P value <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Compared with controls, the MI patients with or without MetS showed impaired LA function (reservoir, conduit, and active) and LV deformation (radial, circumferential, and longitudinal PS) and higher LACI. The MetS+ group had lower LA reservoir and conduit function and LV deformationthan MetS- group. The MetS-MI interaction was not statistically significant. Furthermore, multivariable linear regression showed that MetS was independently associated with LA and LV deformation (β = -0.181 to -0.209) in MI patients; LA function was independently associated with LV circumferential PS (β = 0.230 to 0.394) and longitudinal PS (β = 0.189 to 0.420), and LA passive strain and strain rate were negatively associated with LV mass (β = -0.178 and -0.298). MetS may be associated with the LA and LV dysfunction in MI patients. Impaired LV deformation and LV hypertrophy are independently associated with LA dysfunction in MI patients, and the MI patients have higher LACI than controls, suggesting atrioventricular interaction alterations. 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: 3.

Machine learning-based screening of fuel properties for SI and CI engines using a hybrid group extraction method

The design of high-performance fuels is crucial for achieving clean and efficient combustion of engines. In the current study, a framework for machine learning (ML) model-based fuel design is presented to identify compounds with desired properties for internal combustion engine (ICE) applications. Descriptors computed from newly proposed structural and positional-based group extraction method in this study are used as input in ML models due to the simplicity and computational-efficiency. The ML models were trained and validated using publically available experimental data for up to 1135 compounds. The results demonstrated a high level of predictive accuracy, with R2 values generally exceeding 0.99 for 11 physicochemical properties including melting point, boiling point, enthalpy of vaporization, surface tension, dynamic viscosity, low heating value, liquid density, yield sooting index, cetane number, research octane number and motor octane number. Furthermore, by employing the developed ML models to predict new data, a Fuel Property Database containing 1135 fuels with 12 fuel properties is established, enhanced by an interface for a user-friendly Fuel Physicochemical Properties Prediction Tool that facilitates swift property predictions and database expansion. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) approach is subsequently employed to assess the correlation between descriptors and predicted or experimental properties. The strong agreement between the correlations affirms the effective predictive performance of the ML models within the calibrated data range. Additionally, a PCC analysis is conducted to reveal the individual effects of influential factors and their interactions, highlighting significant features like molecular weight size, degree of branching, and functional group content that influence physical and chemical properties, thereby providing valuable insights for fuel design and optimization. Finally, a initial comprehensive data-driven screening was carried out to identify potential fuel candidates that meet the key property limits for combustion applications in both spark-ignition (SI) and compression-ignition (CI) engines.

Attachment Styles and Loneliness as Predictors of Phubbing amongst University Students

Due to the increase in the use of technology, more loneliness and phubbing have been observed in individuals. In this concept, the relationship between attachment styles, loneliness, and phubbing was examined in this study. The research data was collected from 288 students, 224 of whom were women (77.8%) and 64 of whom were men (22.2%). The data was collected using the Relationship Scales Questionnaire, the UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form (ULS-8), and the General Phubbing Scale. The data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression methods in accordance with the aim of the research. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there is a relationship a positive and significant relationship between phubbing and loneliness, fearful attachment, dismissive-avoidant attachment, and preoccupied attachment. However, the relationship between phubbing and secure attachment was found to be insignificant. According to the regression analysis, phubbing was predicted by loneliness, fearful attachment, and preoccupied attachment, but not by secure attachment and dismissive- avoidant attachment styles.

Empowering Midwifery Students: Educational Intervention Based on Group Counseling for Clinical Stress Management

Background: Clinical education in medical sciences is highly stressful. Students face stressors not only related to the learning environment but also in the clinical setting. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of group counseling on clinical stress management among midwifery students at a medical university in southeastern Iran. Methods: In this quasi-experimental interventional study, a before-after design was employed using the census method involving 48 midwifery students. A researcher-designed questionnaire was utilized to evaluate factors contributing to stress. The educational interventions were conducted in eight group sessions from November 2021 to February 2022 at Pastor Educational and Medical Hospital in Bam City, Kerman province. Data analysis was conducted using the MIC-MAC model, and statistical analyses included the paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS. Results: Overall, mean scores of stressors decreased significantly after the educational intervention (P = 0.006). Before the intervention, the highest and lowest mean scores were related to "teacher role" (3.15 ± 0.84) and "student's personality" (2.18 ± 0.61), respectively. After the intervention, these subareas continued to have the highest and lowest mean scores of stressors, (2.73 ± 0.94) and (2.19 ± 0.66), respectively. All stressors showed a significant correlation with the total stress score after the intervention. Conclusions: The presence of stress management programs tailored to the specific needs of medical science students, both in academic and clinical settings, is crucial. These programs should prioritize enhancing communication skills between teachers and students, improving interpersonal relationships, and providing incentives to boost student self-confidence.

Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

The goal of the research was to assess the quantitative relationship between median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) specifically among patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) based on published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two bibliographic databases (PubMed and Embase, 1970-2017) were systematically searched for RCTs in RRMM that reported OS and PFS, followed by an updated search of studies published between 2010 and 2022 in 3 databases (Embase, MEDLINE, and EBM Reviews, 2010-2022). The association between median PFS and median OS was assessed using the nonparametric Spearman rank and parametric Pearson correlation coefficients. Subsequently, the quantitative relationship between PFS and OS was assessed using weighted least-squares regression adjusted for covariates including age, sex, and publication year. Study arms were weighted by the number of patients in each arm. A total of 31 RCTs (56 treatment arms, 10,450 patients with RRMM) were included in the analysis. The average median PFS and median OS were 7.1 months (SD 5.5) and 28.1 months (SD 11.8), respectively. The Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients between median PFS and median OS were 0.80 (P < 0.0001) and 0.79 (P < 0.0001), respectively. In individual treatment arms of RRMM trials, each 1-month increase in median PFS was associated with a 1.72-month (95% CI 1.26-2.17) increase in median OS. Analysis of the relationship between PFS and OS incorporating more recent studies in RRMM further substantiates the use of PFS to predict OS in RRMM.

The Effect of Empowering Leadership on Creative Performance: An Analytical Research in Diyala General Company

This research aims to explore the impact of multifaceted empowering leadership (power and responsibility delegation, autonomous decision-making, knowledge sharing, skill development, and innovative performance training) as an independent variable in achieving multi-dimensional creative performance (authenticity, fluency, flexibility, self-efficacy) as a dependent variable. The research also aims to enhance the quality of empowering leadership among a sample of 117 leaders in Diyala Public Company through effective modern leadership styles. The research specifically focuses on the importance of creative performance in this sample. Data was collected using a questionnaire as the main tool and statistical methods such as standard deviation, Sobel test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and software such as SPSS and Excel. The results showed a significant positive and direct relationship between empowering leadership and creative performance in general. The research concluded that empowering managers in Diyala Public Company with the authority to make necessary changes is an important step to improve overall work processes. This empowering helped managers effectively adapt to challenges and increase efficiency in responding to changing market demands. By empowering managers to improve processes, the company succeeded in promoting innovation and increasing productivity, ultimately enhancing its position in the market and achieving sustainable and clear success. Research type: Research paper

Measurement method for live chicken shank length based on improved ResNet and fused multi-source information

Phenotypic parameters are crucial reference indicators in poultry breeding. However, the chickens shank length is still manually measured, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Additionally, the measurement results are difficult to unify due to the subjective factors of different individuals. To address this issue, this paper proposed a method for live chicken shank length measurement (SLM). It enriches chicken shank feature by fusing visible images and infrared images. The fusion images are then input into a deep regression model based on the improved ResNet. The measurement model used ResNet as its backbone and introduces Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and a Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) block, resulting in more precise and stable shank length measurements. The average coefficient of variation, average floating error, average standard deviation and Pearson correlation coefficient for shank length measurements using the fusion images are 0.21 %, 0.49 %, 0.181 mm and 0.996, respectively, compared with using single visible or infrared image, the accuracy and stability are obviously improved. That indicated combining deep learning model and fusion information, the SLM proposed in this paper can achieve a more precise, reliable and standardized measurement of live chicken shank length.

Profitability Efficiency and Dividend Policy of Companies Listed on the MAI Market, Service Industry Group

This research aims to study the efficiency of profits. To study the payment policy of companies listed on the MAI market, service industry group, and to study the profit efficiency affecting the dividend policy of companies listed on the MAI market, service industry group. The population and sample used in the study are companies listed on the MAI market in the service industry group. That shows financial information from 2020 to 2022 only, a total of 3 years, 54 companies, a total of 152 samples. Data was collected from financial statements. Annual report and Form 56-1. The received data is analyzed statistically according to the research objectives with a ready-made program. The statistics used to analyze the data are descriptive statistics, namely percentage, mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation. Quantitative statistics include analysis of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. and Multiple Regression Analysis Major Findings the size of the business (SB) and the dividend policy variable (DP) were found to have a value equal to .220, which is a positive value. The results can be interpreted as The size of the business (SB) has little relationship with the dividend policy (DP) and has a relationship in the same direction (positive) at a statistical significance level of .01, and the gross profit margin (GPM) and the variable according to the dividend policy (DP). It has a value of .252 which is positive. The results can be interpreted as Gross profit margin (GPM) has little relationship with dividend policy (DP) and is related in the same direction (positive) at the statistical significance level .01, and gross profit margin (GPM) and variable based on dividend yield ( DPR) was found to be equal to .152, which is a positive value. The results can be interpreted as Gross profit margin (GPM) has little relationship with dividend yield (DPR) and is in the same direction (positive) at the statistical significance level.

A support vector machine based drought index for regional drought analysis

The increased global warming has increased the likelihood of recurrent drought hazards. Potential links between the frequency of extreme weather events and global warming have been suggested by earlier research. The spatial variability of meteorological factors over short distances can cause distortions in conclusions or limit the scope of drought analysis in a particular region when extreme values predominate. Therefore, it is challenging to make trustworthy judgments regarding the spatiotemporal characteristics of regional drought. This study aims to improve the quality and accuracy of regional drought characterization and the process of continuous monitoring. The new drought indicator presented in this study is called the Support Vector Machine based drought index (SVM-DI). It is created by adding different weights to an SVM-based X-bar chart that is displayed with regional precipitation aggregate data. The SVM-DI application site is located in Pakistan's northern area. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient for pairwise comparison, the study compares the SVM-DI and the Regional Standard Precipitation Index (RSPI). Interestingly, compared to RSPI, SVM-DI shows more pronounced regional characteristics in its correlations with other meteorological stations, with a significantly lower Coefficient of Variation. These results confirm that SVM-DI is a useful tool for regional drought analysis. The SVM-DI methodology offers a unique way to reduce the impact of extreme values and outliers when aggregating regional precipitation data.

Exploring the linkages between social media use, self-esteem, and academic performance among nursing students in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive correlational study.

The prevalence of social media influence in education makes it necessary to investigate how it might affect nursing students' academic achievement and sense of self. To our knowledge, the associations between academic performance, self-esteem, and social media usage among nursing students from Saudi Arabia remain understudied. This study aimed to examine the relationships between academic performance, self-esteem, and the utilization of social media platforms by Saudi Arabian nursing students. This descriptive correlational study employed a convenience sample of 220 nursing students (response rate 95.2%). An online survey with questions about demographics, students' academic performance, social media usage, and self-esteem was used for data collection from 1 March to May 2023. Pearson correlation coefficients, independent t-tests, Analysis of Variance, and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis. Social media use had an average score of 3.60 ± 0.66, self-esteem was 2.13 ± 0.27, and academic performance was 3.95 ± 0.58. The students' academic performance related positively to the utilization of social media platforms (r = 0.210, p <0.01). There were statistically positive correlations between academic purpose and social motives domains of utilizing social media and academic performance (r = 0.304, p <0.01; r = 0.208, p <0.01) respectively. The amount of time students spent on social media was not related to their self-esteem (r = 0.047, p >0.05). The students' self-esteem was unrelated to their academic achievement (r = 0.059, p >0.05). Utilizing social media channels can assist nursing students in improving their academic achievement. Therefore, nursing educators and decision-makers in nursing education have the opportunity to establish collaborative learning environments by integrating social media. This approach aims to improve communication, enhance the learning experience, and ultimately improve the academic achievements of nursing students.

Geomagnetic field variations due to solar tides at the Indian Observatories

This study investigates the response of solar (S) tidal signatures on the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field at two observatories in India during 1980–2002 over solar cycles (SC) 21–23: Hyderabad (HYB), located in the low-latitude region, and Ettaiyapuram (ETT), situated at the magnetic equator. HYB represents the characteristics of solar quiet (Sq), while ETT is under the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) effect. Our results show the additional information about ter (S3), and quarta-diurnal (S4) tidal signatures of Sq and EEJ, along with diurnal (S1) and semi-diurnal (S2) at both observatories. In Sq solar tide, the average amplitude of S1 tide is consistently higher than that of EEJ tide by ~ 10%. During the same period, the S2, S3, and S4 tidal signatures of Sq are weaker than EEJ by ~ 2%, 5%, and 2.5%, respectively. During solar cycle maxima, the amplitude of the Sq tide is higher in SC-21 than in SC-22 and SC-23 by ~ 13% and 16%, while SC-22 has higher EEJ tidal amplitudes than other SCs by ~ 9%. We observe that the tidal signatures of Sq and EEJ closely follow the trend of solar radio flux (F10.7\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\sqrt{F10.7}$$\\end{document}), except for S4 of Sq. The Pearson correlation coefficients (P) between F10.7\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\sqrt{F10.7}$$\\end{document} and Sq/EEJ tidal amplitudes exhibit negative to positive correlation coefficients during different phases of SCs. The solar tidal amplitudes of Sq/EEJ (S1-S4) with F10.7\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\sqrt{F10.7}$$\\end{document} during D, E, and J seasons have varying correlation coefficients, indicating that each tide has a distinct response on the geomagnetic field.Graphical