This is the continuation of an article that presents a generic four-quadrant ground map for working with conflict. Four key tasks of conflict transformation and proactive peacebuilding are explored: Q1. Personal resources Q2. Interpersonal and intercultural issues Q3. Bio-psycho-social determinants Q4. Organizational and systemic dimensions Quadrant 1, which maps personal resources, and Quadrant 2, which deals with the interpersonal and intercultural dimensions of conflict, were covered in the previous issue of this journal. In this issue I present the remaining two quadrants of the ground map: Quadrant 3, which addresses bio-psycho-social determinants of conflict, and Quadrant 4, which covers the systemic and organizational dimensions of conflict. This concludes the first conceptual part of this four-quadrant framework for understanding and working with conflict. In Part Two of this framework this conceptual ground map is applied to generate four practical steps towards transforming conflict on the road to peace: Step 1. Diagnosis: what is going on here – both good and bad? Step 2. Prognosis: what are the options for change? Step 3. 'Treatment': what are the real-time possibilities for change? Step 4. Maintenance: what will be needed to maintain these gains (stability under stress)? Part Three of this four-quadrant framework sets out common topics in a curriculum for peace work that addresses the theory and practice of conflict transformation by peaceful means. This includes: 1. Understanding root causes of conflict and other conflict contributing factors. 2. Theoretical approaches to understanding violence: structural, cultural and direct violence. 3. Mapping conflict positions, interests, needs, attitudes and behaviours of the actors, stakeholders and ‘conflict entrepreneurs’ involved in the conflict. 4. ‘Multi-track diplomacy’, conflict settlement, management, and sustainable reintegration of conflict actors, (re)construction of infrastructure and sustainable development through institution building and wealth creation. I conclude by outlining four essential qualities for peace builders: The capacity to: 1 witness pain, distress and suffering. 2 hear complaints made by either party, connect emotionally with their pain and offer listening and understanding in a compassionate and intelligent way. 3 target those peacebuilding interventions that have the greatest leverage. 4 implement coherent partnership working across all four conflict quadrants. In the Appendix I introduce the recent international initiative for creating ministries or departments for peace in government. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.