Practice Of Peace Research Articles

한국사회 전환을 준비하는 불교시민교육

In the ｢Framework Act on Education｣, Korean society sets the direction that even adults, including students, have the right to be educated to have the 'qualities necessary as a democratic citizen’, and through this, should contribute to the public interest of Korean society and mankind as a whole. However, discussions on what specifically, civic education for democratic citizens is, are still underway without agreement. The important point is that the social structure and lifestyle change according to the times, and the qualities and virtues required by citizens also change. Considering this, the philosophical and theoretical level of review and discussion of the goals, directions, and grounds of citizenship education should be conducted together with social analysis and the prediction of social change. From this awareness of the problem, this study summarized recent Korean society perspectives from the viewpoint of 'transition,' Based on this, the goals and directions of citizenship education were summarized. Korean society has long confirmed that social solidarity is collapsing due to conflict, hatred, and exclusion. In addition, inequality has accelerated since neoliberal policy was fully implemented. In addition, it has been confirmed that the discourse of meritocracy that justifies inequality has become the mainstream perception of society. In addition, as a member of the human community, Korea also identified an ecological crisis that could be an exception. Therefore, we have now confirmed that social integration, restoration of publicity, and the emergence of ecological values are new tasks. To solve these challenges, it is necessary to form a social entity to prepare for a transition. In this sense of the problem, this study presents the virtues of Buddhism, especially for citizens, from an acting point of view as three things: (a) reconciliatory thought for social integration, (b) collective karma for social justice, and (c) awareness and practice of life peace.

Relasi Sosial Umat Kong Hu Cu Di Kawasan Simpang Lima Ampenan Kota Mataram

This article aims to looks at the pattern of the relations built by the Confucians community and the practices of peace that are applied. As a minority religious group, The Confucians community in Ampenan cannot be separated from their efforts to survive with the adaptation strategies that are carried out. The intended adaptation strategy is the pattern of relationships that are built. Using a qualitative research method where the data collection process uses the method of observation, interviews and documentation. With the help of AGIL theory, this article also finds that the adaptation made by the Confucians is an merely an adaptation to the economic activity’s as an primary aspect. The practice of peace that is applied is also with the economic aspect. This partially refutes AGIL's theoretical framework by looking at Goal Attainment, the integration and built latency do not reach their ideal point. The main reason why the Confucians chose the economic aspect over the religious aspect was to evade the unsuccesful story between Hindu-Muslims which failed to build the relationship pattern through the pattern of marriage relation.s The effective pattern of relations in maintaining the harmony of the people in the Simpang Lima Ampenan Mataram area is through the economical aspect

Behind screens: challenges and opportunities of participatory online peace education in Finland

ABSTRACT This article discusses the challenges and opportunities of participatory online teaching and learning in higher education. It analyses an online peace education course taught during the Covid-19 pandemic in three Finnish universities between 2020–2021. The course explored fundamental mediation skills and practices of positive peace through participatory methods and applied drama. We show how the online setting affected students and teachers, by focusing on the challenges and opportunities for participatory pedagogy in an online environment. The course feedback from students (N = 23) was studied by content analysis and conjoined with the ethnographic observations of the authors. Our findings suggest that mediation skills and practices of positive peace can be effectively taught and analysed online. However, maintaining active presence and emotional sharing present both challenges and opportunities for participatory online education. The findings will be of interest to researchers in cognate fields of scholarship, as well as activists and teachers engaged in participatory teaching and how it can be effectively deployed online.

Editorial: Where Martiality and Religion Meet: Health, Sport, War

This editorial presents the main questions that drive this themed issue on the links that exist between martial arts practices and religions. How can terminological, categorical and definitional boundaries be delineated to frame the two notions? What are the contemporary dynamics that redefine their relationships, from the processes of formalisation and specialisation, to the phenomena of patrimonialization. crossbreeding, hybridisation and (re)invention? How might martial arts become a practice of peace? The various contributions in this collection provide several elements of an answer to this question, by offering insights into the violent and conflictual propensities of martial practices but also into their ethical, ritual, performative, therapeutic and regulatory dimensions.

Beyond the Pedagogy: Indigenous Approaches for Peace Practices in Africa

Peace is the requisite for the world order, likewise is the conflict for the development of the world’s space. This indicates the positivism of conflict in the development of human and man’s space. However, the negativity of conflicts in human’s space brought about the ‘Peace Pedagogy’ in educational institutions in the world over. Better still and less well, the results compared in the conflict management and peace building strategies in most if not all countries revealed a rethink and review of the pedagogical peace efforts in Africa. The so far achievements in the field of conflicts resolution and peace building were still not commensurate compared to the numerous conflicts violence ravaging the continent of Africa. Nevertheless, the success of peace pedagogies in some countries of the world should be having noticed, ‘the out-put’ changes the narrative of their society. Africa, the continent blessed with natural and human resources, believed to have been the first civilized continent of the world, evolved in peace practiced on conflict resolution and peace-building strategies that are indigenous and well fixed into the various conflicts bedeviled the people of Sahel and sub-Sahara Africa before the emergence of western strategy of peace pedagogies. In this wise, this paper explored beyond the pedagogy the indigenous approaches for peace practices in Africa using a qualitative method of a desk base research report on indigenous approach of peace-practice strategies in order to strengthen the traditional and indigenous strategies’ peace efforts and peace building in Africa.

Jawdat Saʿid and the Islamic Theology and Practice of Peace

Among the leading Islamic thinkers and activists promoting a theology of peace based on the Qur‘anic revelation is Jawdat Saʿid. Framing his role by an analysis following the conceptualization of Shahab Ahmed the Qur‘anic context of the ideas of Saʿid are presented, and these ideas are contextualized within the recent Syrian revolution before it turned into civil war. Fundamental ideas of the theology of Saʿid help to explain the thoughts of a lesser known activist of nonviolent action based on a specific and revolutionary interpretation of the Qur‘an.

Imagining Peace Outside of Liberal Statebuilding: Anarchist Theory as Pathway to Emancipatory Peacefacilitation

Critical scholarship on peace has coined the term liberal peacebuilding and proven that it is unsuccessful, even counterproductive, in achieving that what it sets out to do—foster peace after violent conflict. The dominant part of this endeavor has been statebuilding. This paper adds to a slowly developing literature that starts to ask the question what an alternative to the reliance on statebuilding could look like. By employing anarchist theory, a new theoretical methodology is introduced to International Relations that allows to imagine forms of peace outside the liberal paradigm whilst preventing imperialistic claims. Such an emancipatory peace practice based on anarchism is envisioned as to build on prefigurative politics and direct action, strengthening autonomy, decentralization, and horizontality as well as challenge all structural forms of domination through radical forms of self-determination. Incorporating such an anarchist agenda offers one perspective on what fostering peace outside decontextualized and imposed liberal nation states could be. I argue that challenging statebuilding foreshadows a greater implication an anarchist research agenda promotes, namely, the need to move away from peace building toward emancipatory forms of peace facilitation.

Strengthening everyday peace formation after ethnic cleansing: operationalising a framework in Myanmar’s Rohingya conflict

The concept of everyday peace largely draws on research that, to date, has sought more to explain observed social practices than inform peace interventions. This paper presents a case study of an attempt to operationalise the concept into local non-governmental organisation (NGO) programming, seeking to strengthen the formation of everyday peace between Rohingya and Rakhine communities in Myanmar after recent ethnic cleansing. This is believed to be the first attempt to operationalise everyday peace into NGO practice. The programme incorporates everyday peace components into an existing bottom-up development programme based around Freirian conscientisation, seeking to raise critical awareness of eight social practices seen to constitute everyday peace practice: avoidance, watching/reading, ambiguity, shielding, civility, reciprocity, solidarity and compromise. The paper presents and analyses new field data collected two years into implementation, comprising interviews with 15 local NGO staff/facilitators, and 12 focus groups (gender-segregated) with 84 participants from both Rohingya and Rakhine villages. The paper finds evidence of increased utilisation of these social practices and improved inter-village relations, even in the absence of macro-level peace efforts. While no panacea, and not as yet addressing the deep inequalities, injustices and vulnerabilities between Rohingya and Rakhine communities, this paper finds the approach has contributed to peace formation in this context.

A quest for sustainable peace in South Sudan: the role of everyday religious practices, ceremonies and rituals in robust peacebuilding

Since 1955, South Sudan has had intermittent civil wars, and sustainable peace has been difficult to attain. There have been numerous attempts that include major international and national political and economic initiatives. Among the social initiatives, The New Sudan Council of Churches (NSCC), perceived to represent all religious practices and people, was considered an essential tool in uniting all South Sudanese, ending conflicts and achieving sustainable peace both within the communities and nationally. However, the inclusion of the NSCC, which represents mainly Christianity and includes Muslim religious leaders, has not delivered sustainable peace. This article utilises ethnographic data to present a socioreligious perspective. It seeks to argue that other South Sudanese indigenous or cultural religious everyday peace practices of ceremonies and rituals can present a robust peacebuilding initiative in the region. It concludes that the inter-relationships of socioreligious practices, an aspect the NSCC peacebuilding processes ignored, are essential in delivering sustainable peace.

Signifikasi Latihan Pranayama Terhadap Ketenangan Pikiran

<pre><em>Nowadays most people are not calm minded </em><em>add to that the covid-19 pandemic. The impact of the covid-19 pandemic is such as excessive anxiety, depression, stress that causes the mind to be restless. </em><em>This happens in all circles, whether from adolescents, adults, or even the elderly. Many factors affect this peace of mind. Various ways have been done by everyone, but that does not fully provide effectiveness to overcome this problem of peace of mind. Pranayama is booming nowadays by those who experience stress and disturbances in peace of mind along with the development of yoga asanas. With Pranayama it provides health and increased vitality, dissolves emotional tension and naturally calms the mind. The above statements reinforce that this pranayama can contribute to calm the mind of everyone. The formulation of the problems that form the basis of this research are: (1) Why is pranayama able to calm the mind ? (2) How does pranayama work so as to calm the mind? (3) What are the types of pranayama that can be done as a contribution to peace of mind? This data was obtained by library research techniques. Furthermore, data can be collected and analyzed with qualitative descriptive techniques. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the significance of pranayama's practice of peace of mind is due to the presence of (1) The existence of respiratory and mind control that can strengthen the respiratory system, calm the nervous system that can calm the mind, (2) The way pranayama works starts from feeling relaxed, clothing which is used, as well as thepranayamaitself, (3) as well as the types of pranayama that contribute to calming the mind.</em></pre>

China through the lens of neighboring media: a comparative analysis of Pakistani and Indian newspaper coverage of unrest in Hong Kong

This research offers a comparative content analysis of Pakistani and Indian newspaper coverage of the recent social unrest in Hong Kong over the attempt to introduce an extradition bill covering fugitive suspects. Additionally, the study explores the portrayal of China in the newspapers of its neighboring countries in reporting on the Hong Kong turmoil. The study applies framing theory and empirically tests the model of peace journalism developed by Johan Galtung. The results from analyzing 564 news stories indicate that the Indian press practices more war journalism, while the Pakistani press practices more peace journalism. In all four newspapers, the protestors received a more favorable slant than the government. However, Indian newspapers put China in a negative frame, while Pakistani newspapers presented a largely neutral image of China but offered slightly more negative than positive portrayals. The salient appearance of “discordance-oriented” indicators used for war journalism indicates that the Indian media have discouraged the restoration of peace and promoted contestation between protestors and the Hong Kong government. This study also addressed the impact of foreign policy and news sources on the practices of peace and war journalism and representation of China in Indian and Pakistani newspapers.

The Contribution of The School of Peace as A Religious Moderation Implementation

This article focuses on the contribution of the peace school program as one of the implementations of religious moderation strategies in schools. This qualitative research with a phenomenological approach was applied using structured interviews and documentation studies at SMUN Sugihwaras Bojonegoro as a pilot school for the peace school program. The empirical data illustrates the concept of the peace school program, the implementation of the peace school program, and the contribution of the peace school program as a strategy for implementing religious moderation in schools. This study found that the peace school program is one of the programs that significantly contributes to realizing the implementation of religious moderation in schools. This program implements the concept of religious moderation that focuses on inculcating and internalizing the values ​​of tolerance and peace. This program targets the three main pillars of the education process: policies, practices of tolerance and peace in the school environment, and the management of student organizations.

Combining the Theory and Practice of Peace and Conflict Studies through an Experiential Conflict Analysis Activity

ABSTRACTHow can political science classes best prepare undergraduate students for the field of peace and conflict studies (PACS)? We argue that well-designed experiential learning activities provide opportunities for students to embrace complexity and practice adaptability, fusing the theoretical and practical in ways that prepare them to engage in PACS. This article presents one such experiential learning approach: a conflict analysis activity. Through engaging in a messy learning process, students (1) gain an increased theoretical understanding of the complexity of conflict, (2) practice adaptability, and (3) increase their self-efficacy. We provide a step-by-step description of the Conflict Analysis Tool exercise and reflect on how well the activity enables the use of knowledge and skills relevant for PACS. Our goal is that the insights gained through our approach will be helpful to other educators—from PACS to international relations to American politics and beyond.

Care and silence in women’s everyday peacebuilding in Myanmar

ABSTRACT This article draws on feminist perspectives on the everyday to explore women’s everyday experiences of peace in Kayah state in Myanmar. We locate the daily practices women engage in to maintain life and minimise violence, making visible women’s contributions to everyday peace. In addition, we examine the ways in which women are disproportionally affected by war and prevented from benefitting from post-war changes. Our findings demonstrate that practices of care and silence are key avenues for women’s everyday peacebuilding, through which women sustain peace, ensure survival, and minimise violence in their families and wider communities. At the same time, however, these practices are conditioned by and may contribute to gendered insecurity and marginalisation for women. Through this focus, our analysis shows how women’s positioning in gendered relations of power may both enable their agency in peacebuilding and reinforce their gendered inequality and marginalisation in the post-war period. We conclude that while everyday peace practices may hold the potential for positive change, these can also contribute to the reproduction of inequality, oppression and structural violence.

Paz es entender lo que somos: prácticas socioculturales de paz en Quibdó

El artículo presenta los resultados de investigación del proyecto «Prácticas socioculturales de paz en Quibdó», que busca contribuir a la comprensión de la construcción de paz desde la cotidianidad de las comunidades de la capital del Chocó. Se plantea un análisis contextualizado de Quibdó frente a la construcción de paz desde las prácticas culturales. El enfoque es cualitativo, desde una metodología hermenéutico-fenomenológica. El análisis de la información se realizó a partir de la triangulación de información con fuentes primarias y secundarias a través de diez entrevistas semiestructuradas a profundidad. La codificación axial y categorial se realizó mediante el software ATLAS.ti, versión 7.5. Se encontró que el reconocimiento de la paz desde un enfoque territorial a partir de prácticas culturales cotidianas permite la resignificación de la memoria y la apropiación del entorno social, la memoria histórica y la no violencia. Se concluye que las prácticas socioculturales de paz permiten evidenciar la reivindicación de lo «afro» y lo «chocoano», reconociendo la necesidad de integrar aspectos como el género, lo étnico y el compromiso social en coexistencia con los otros.

THE INTENSIFYING INTERSECTION OF ETHICS, RELIGION, THEOLOGY, AND PEACE STUDIES

AbstractThe intersection of ethics, religion, theology, and peace studies is intensifying through increasingly multi‐disciplinary, contextual, explicitly normative scholarship. This book discussion demonstrates this claim through its profiles of an introduction to Christian ethics by Ellen Ott Marshall, a case study of the School of the Americas Watch by Kyle B. T. Lambelet, a case study of the American Jewish Palestine solidarity movement by Atalia Omer, and a global, historical study of Christian ethics by Cecilia Lynch. Though their methods and subjects vary, these authors are collectively renewing a history of mutual enrichment between religious ethics and peace studies, employing theories of lived, ambivalent religion. To begin, this essay provides introductory remarks about the field of peace studies, highlighting the evolving involvement of religious actors. To conclude, it makes a plea for greater use of conflict theory and peace practice in religious ethics.

Where does hybridity originate? Interfacing between local and international actors in Sri Lankan postconflict peacebuilding

ABSTRACT The peace and conflict literature has paid much attention to the hybridity produced by international peacebuilders and local actors. Although the modalities of hybridity have been discussed, few studies related to hybridity have observed the presence of locally led hybrid peacebuilding. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper addresses an emerging form of hybridization that is distinct from the internationally led type by examining the case of Sri Lanka. The paper takes a new direction by investigating the peace practices of local agents, referred to as grama niladharis (GNs), which has caused changes in the behavior of international actors in liberal peacebuilding in Sri Lanka. An anthropological method is applied with in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The paper identifies a critical direction for the discourse by documenting a form of locally led hybridization in which the GN system, with ownership by the local government, incorporates certain liberal peacebuilding concepts. Through this hybridization, local systems appear to reinterpret the liberal peace practices introduced by international peacebuilders in a modified form of peacebuilding and maintain autonomous local operations.

De-internationalizing Hybrid Peace: State-Traditional Authority Collaboration and Conflict Resolution in Northern Ghana

ABSTRACT Debates on hybrid peace largely concentrate on ‘local-international’ interactions compared to domestic hybrid orders. Besides, the literature on Ghana dichotomises state and non-state peacemaking, obscuring knowledge on important ‘home-grown’ hybrid peace. Drawing on the work of the ‘Committee of Eminent Chiefs’, a body set up to resolve the Dagbon conflict in the Northern region of Ghana, we illustrate how state-traditional authority interactions shape the efficacy of traditional African peace practice(s), and argue that intractable communal conflicts are likely to resolve if states create enabling environments for indigenous peacemaking. Consequently, we suggest further empirical investigations on localised hybridities in peace governance.

HARMONI HINDU-MUSLIM DI BALI MELALUI KEARIFAN LOKAL: STUDI DI KABUPATEN JEMBRANA

This paper discusses the process of creating harmony (ethical dialogue) between Hindus and Muslims through sarana ‘Urf (tradition) or local wisdom that is believed to have religious, philosophical, and sociological values as well as multicultural nuances for the Jembrana community of Bali Province. In his analysis, this paper uses the Integrative Communication Theory proposed by Kim Young Yun, focusing on the ‘Urf (tradition) which is used as a means to communicate and interact between the two religious communities, thus leading to the peaceful practice of Hindu society. and Muslims in Jembrana-Bali. Data sources were obtained through unstructured observations and interviews from March to July 2019 and using the case study method. The results of this study show that in order to create harmony in communication and interaction between Hindus and Muslims in Jembrana is through the traditions of Male, Ngejot, Rebana, and Mekepung. Harmonization built from the four traditions is the result of a deep sense of understanding about each other’s traditions and culture or intercultural transformation so as to grow a sense of brotherhood, understanding diversity, fostering community interest between the two religious communities, and can shape the character of Hindu and Muslim communities in Jembrana to be humanist, tolerant and inclusive, so that it leads to a process of association, integration, complementation and sublimation

A Systemic Understanding of Hybrid Peace: An Examination of Hybrid Political Orders in African Peace Governance

The idea of hybrid peace has gained prominence in both academic and policy literature, yet ongoing debates fail to explicitly address a key lacuna concerning the relationship between hybrid political orders and the enhancement of traditional peacemaking in the Global South. Using an integrative governance framework, this article examines the notion of hybridity from grassroots to regional peace practices in Africa. It argues that the efficacy and sustenance of traditional African peacemaking could be enhanced if a customary peace practice is systemically integrated with liberal procedures and that discussions on hybridity will gain more value and meaning if the debates (re)center on unpacking hybridity at key governance arenas/stages—and the implications for a national and international order. The article thus attempts to provoke a new conversation that disaggregates the possibilities, dilemmas, and implications of hybrid orders from grassroots through regional to a global level and what it contributes to future peacebuilding.