Peaceful Life Research Articles

Development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing need for patriotic education of young people in modern Chinese society. In this regard, vocal art, as well as the genre of school songs, in particular, have a powerful pedagogical potential. Purpose: identification of the features of the development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China (1920s to the present century). Materials and methods: the theoretical basis of the study was the works of outstanding Chinese composers and teachers of the 20th century on the role of music and song in the patriotic education of young people. The research methods included the retrospective analysis of the issues of patriotic education in China; the theoretical and comparative analysis of the approaches of Chinese scientists to the implementation of the process of patriotic education in music lessons at school. Results: The periodization of the formation of the school song genre, which laid the foundation for the idea of educating patriots through songs during school music lessons in China, is presented. The results of comparative analysis of the works of Chinese researchers have shown that the idea of patriotic education has evolved within this genre throughout the twentieth century, reflecting the main events in the history of Chinese society. The features of the school song of the first half of the twentieth century related to military themes aimed at educating defenders of the Motherland are highlighted. The characteristic of the stages of updating the themes of school songs after the formation of the PRC is given. Since 1949, school songs have been dominated by pictures of peaceful life, praising the beauty of native nature, family values, labor feat, without losing their patriotic character. Conclusion. The idea of patriotic education through school songs in China has evolutionary nature. Despite the difference in themes, all songs of this genre have patriotic orientation and contribute to the education of citizens who are sincerely devoted to their native country.

Մուշեղ Իշխան. «Կյանքի և երազի սահմանագծին»

Mushegh Ishkhan embodies the image of a man whose work is the direct embodiment of his lived life. A characteristic feature of his entire poetic system is that the collections were created and alternated in parallel with the stages of his life, according to the logic of the development of his inner world and worldview. He is a chronicle of his feelings, emotions, experiences, and his poetry collections are their personification and generalization. The collections are poetic manifestations of the experiences and anxieties of his generation, as well as instructions aimed not only at the Armenian wandering around the world, but also at the “strange human being” living under the sun: firstly, create your soul home in Armenian, build it in the vast space (“Song of Houses”, 1936), then kindle a flame covered with ashes, ignite the hearth (“Fire”, 1938), live your life like a dream, and dream like life (“Life and dream” 1949), accept the gifts of life (“Hello Life” 1958), and look back again and resign yourself to the fact that life is an experience, and a “strange human being” suffers (“Suffering” 1968), create, fertilize, and in the golden autumn distribute the harvest to everyone (“Golden Autumn”, 1963), and at the end of your life, realize that death is just a return to the primary, sympathize with the slow decomposition of your relatives (“Sunset”, 1986 .), before sunset, a little more, but brightly illuminate the world, praising the light and peaceful life, the meaning of life (“Evening St. under the bombs” 1991).

Preliminary Preservation of the Bodies of the Deceased in the Funeral Rites of Kazakhs (Based on the Materials of Archaeological, Historical and Folklore-Literary Sources)

Purpose. The authors tried to reveal the reasons, duration and place of temporary preservation of the bodies of the Kazakhs on the basis of archaeological, historical and folklore-literary sources. The authors also tried to trace the historical continuity in the funeral and memorial rites of nomads.Results. The tradition of delayed burials is associated with the natural conditions and economic cycle of nomads. Based on ethnographic data, the authors analyze various options for preserving the body before burial. According to it, the practice of performing deferred burials originates from the period of early nomads of the Eurasian steppes. Archaeological materials contain evidence of the usage of deferred burials of notable individuals among the Turks. The article also discusses the special veneration of ancestors, which can also be traced in the funeral rites of early nomads. The large burial mounds were build in their honor, and they were buried in clothes adorned with gold, with a large quantity of supporting equipment. The funeral and memorial rites of the nomadic Kazakh people also include the veneration of ancestral spirits. They tried to bury their khans, batyrs and biys in the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. And to do this, they had to temporarily bury the body and save it until burial.Conclusion. Islam brought changes in the funeral rites of the steppe population. However, the Kazakh people tried to preserve the traditions that do not contradict the Sharia, in some cases without changes, in others, some customs were transformed in accordance with the norms and teachings of Islam. The Kazakhs managed to unite the two worlds, and for a life of peace and prosperity, with the blessing of aruakh, arranged memorial dinners on the third, seventh, fortieth day, the annual “as”, sacrifices, but in many traditions and customs, the reading of prayers from the Koran was introduced.

NILAI PRAGMATIS MASYARAKAT PAPUA DALAM TRADISI LISAN INSOS DAN KONAYO

The title of this research is Papuan’s Pragmatic value in folklore Insos and Konayo. It is based on some factors, those are preservation effort to protect Papuan Folklore that becomes marginalized, to protect the identity of the owner, to protect culture treasure of the nation, to preserve it to be a local wisdom media. This research aims to describe Papuan’s ideology that contains pragmatics value in verbal prose Insos and Konayo. This is a content analysis of qualitative research. Verbal folklore and literature pragmatics are theories used in this research. Based on the result of the analysis concluded that the Papuan keep tightly their traditions. Those traditions contain massage and promises from their ancestors. The traditions contain sacral values that ties their society in customary law, natural law, and social law. Verbal tradition preservation reflects love feeling and thanksgiving to their ancestors. The pragmatic value that contains in Insos and Konayo is education value that shows the obedience to the customary law. The function of education value in both of the stories is to become a self-introspection tool. Breaking a customary law can risk themself or can risk the lawbreaker rule. Customary low preservation is the key to create peace and balance life in the world.

Effect of running classes on the stress level of combatants

The full-scale war in Ukraine is having a significant psychological and physical impact on combatants. One of the negative consequences of war is combat stress, accompanied by the action of stress factors that negatively affect psychological and physical health, reducing the process of socialization to peaceful life. At the same time, there are not enough studies covering the solution of these issues with the help of adaptive physical culture (APC), which confirms the relevance of the chosen topic. Purpose: to determine the impact of running classes on combatants who have the consequences of combat stress. Material & Methods: the research was carried out on the basis of the National Council for Sports Rehabilitation of Defenders of Ukraine in Kyiv. It was attended by 40 combatants. The following methods were used in the course of the study: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: at the end of the pedagogical experiment, the participants in the hostilities determined the level of stress according to the "Modified method for determining the level of stress by L. Ryder", before and after running classes. Based on the data after the study, it was found that at the initial stage, 77% of combatants had a high level of stress, and 13% had an average level of stress. At stage 2, after the use of APC (within 1 year), the level of stress among combatants was reduced to 50% – medium, 50% – low, which shows the effectiveness of the use of APC (running classes). Conclusions: a study was conducted with the determination of the level of stress according to the "Modified method of the level of stress according to L. Rieder" and the positive effect of running was shown. Measures are proposed to help reduce the level of stress among combatants. The dynamics of the results indicates the stability of reducing the level of combat stress with the help of running, which confirms the expediency of organizing the training process for combatants.

Pola Sosialisasi Penyuluh Agama Islam dalam Pencegahan Paham Radikalisme

This study tries to explain the socialization pattern of Islamic religious educators in preventing radicalism. The purpose of this study is to educate readers that radicalism is very dangerous to the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and must be prevented as early as possible. The practice of socializing Islamic religious instructors carried out in a persuasive and humanistic manner using religious languages ​​by always prioritizing the values ​​of tolerance. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used are observation and structured interviews. The results of this study are: First, Islamic religious instructors conduct early detection in all remote villages. Second, instilling in the community the principle of religious moderation in order to create a harmonious, harmonious and peaceful religious life. Third, convey to the public that there is no place for radical sects in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.

MİLLİ MÜCADELE VE BÜYÜK TAARRUZ’A ANADOLULU BİR RUM’UN GÖZÜNDEN BAKMAK

The non-Muslims who led a peaceful life in ‘the system of nationality’ applied in the Ottoman Empire without any interference in their language, culture and religion for centuries have become one of the important reasons for the unrest lived because of the separatist movement they made since especially 19th century. This period has reasoned to the Geek’s, who were the most important non-Muslim class in Anatolia, going in action to take advantage of the helplessness of the state after the Ottoman Empire’s reaching its final stage with its defeat in the First World War. Regarding this aim, local Greeks both supported the occupation wholeheartedly and exposed many inhumane treatments to Muslim Türkish Folk by voluntarily joining into the Greek army. Even though the narratives about the atrocities committed are ignored by some in the context of the Turkish-Greek friendship that emerged as a result of a romantic understanding, they maintain their freshness in memories as a case. In our study here, through the memories of Manoli Aksiyotis, an Anatolian Greek who personally took place in the Greek Army during the Greek occupation which started in Anatolia, we will try to present what he did and felt during the Greek Army’s occupations’ period that ended with the Great Offensive with his memories.

Portrait of Deradicalization in Indonesia: Has Pancasila Been Considered Effective?

In discussing this journal, we will discuss Pancasila values ​​related to deradicalization so that the understanding of radicalism in Indonesia can be reduced. Cases of radicalism in Indonesia itself have been increasing lately, this can be proven by the existence of news reports about terrorists carrying out their actions and also the number of suspected terrorists who have been arrested by the police. This happened because radicalism began to spread rapidly and many people did not apply Pancasila values ​​in the life of society, nation and state. The lack of public understanding of Pancasila values ​​and a weak attitude of nationalism has resulted in increased incidents of violence, persecution and radical acts in the name of religion. Therefore, the government must always be active in eradicating radicalism and deradicalization in order to create a harmonious, peaceful, safe and secure life in our beloved homeland.

PENDEKATAN POLITIS DALAM STUDI ISLAM

This article reveals that politics is one of the fields of study that attracts people's attention. Politics has become a serious discussion of ancient Greek philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle. Politics is a human endeavor to create a good social order. Therefore, politics affects people's lives. An orderly, safe, peaceful, prosperous, physical and spiritual society cannot be separated from the applied political system. The political approach means that it is an effort to understand religion by instilling religious values in social institutions so that motivation or desire arises to achieve happiness and prosperity and peace in society. The relationship between politics and religion cannot be separated. Politics is the result of religious thought in order to create a harmonious and peaceful life in the life of the nation and state. 
 Keywords: Approach, politics, in Islam

Populism versus constitutionalism in South Africa: Engaging public theology through dialogue

South African politics has taken a different turn since the dawn of the democratic era in 1994. After 28 years of democracy, there has been some populists’ and constitutionalists’ tension in democratic South Africa. The Mandela and Mbeki presidencies are marked for constitutionalism, while the Zuma tenure of nine years is marked as the era of populism. The constitutional republic already experiences the tension between the politics of the populists and of the constitutionalists. This article aims to identify and analyse the concepts of populism and constitutionalism and invites public theology to dialogue with these political ideologies in order to bring harmonious coexistence in democratic South Africa. Through the literature study and latest press release statements, incidents and concepts were discovered to give definitions and the analyses of populism, constitutionalism, and public theology. Public theology is chosen against political theology, due to the emphasis of dialogue as a manner of making theological statements. It is realised that populists are full of charisma, and they use this to charm the masses, offering them promises of prosperity and peace, while in fact they regard themselves as the masses, as they are the sole representatives of the people. They carry the agenda of entitlement. On the other hand, the research finds that constitutionalists apply rationality to constitutional dictates in order to govern for democratic stability in society. They would like to see the state where the rule of law guarantees citizens’ safety and security and economic prosperity. By reading this article one finds that this research emphasises that public theology through its dialogical nature, prophetic calling, anthropological centricity, engaging methodology, is inherently missional in the politically chaotic world. As a discipline, public theology is intradisciplinary, therefore engages other theological fields, including natural and social disciplines in order to reinforce its missional character. The conclusion is that public theology should be at the forefront, inviting politicians from different spectrums and convictions to the table of dialogue. Dialogue paves the way towards understanding, synergy, and trust. Theo-political interactions are crucial towards justice formation, which builds societal harmony and peaceful coexistence. Political tensions in South Africa offer public theology a golden opportunity to assert itself in civil affairs, and makes its voice audible in the marketplace.Contribution: The interdisciplinary approach in this article contributes towards the importance of a relationship between the political studies and theology. Legal studies, history, and current affairs enrich the theological role in public affairs. Populism and constitutionalism are political ideologies in tension, and public theology through dialogue, contributes towards peaceful life in a democratic state.

PENSION ON THE BASIS OF SOCIAL SECURITY AS A PUBLIC POLICY

Hükümetler; sosyal, toplumsal ve ekonomik hayatın düzen içinde ve istikrarlı olarak sürdürülebilmesi için hem kamu yararını hem de ulusal çıkarları gözeterek çeşitli kararlar alırlar. Bu kararlar kurumsal incelemelerden geçirilerek hukuksal değerlilik kazanmaktadır. İfade edilen bu kararlar kamu politikası olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Kamu politikaları devletlerin yasaların kendisine vermiş olduğu yetkiler çerçevesinde ilgili konularda düzenlemeler yapılmasına dair eylem ve işlemleri ifade etmektedir. Devletler kamu politikalarını teşkilatlanmasını oluşturduğu kamu kurumları ve bu kamu kurumlarında görevlendirdiği kamu görevlileri aracılığıyla uygular. Bu bakımdan derinlemesine incelendiğinde kamu politikası ulusal güvenlik, diplomasi, eğitim, sağlık başta olmak üzere hayatın birçok alanında oluşturulmakta ve uygulanmaktadır. Kamu politikaları kamu olarak ifade edilen halkı ilgilendirmektedir. Halk ise çeşitli katmanlardan oluşmaktadır. Çocuklar, gençler, kadınlar, yaşlılar, işsizler, işverenler, işçi ve memurlar, öğrenciler, engelliler, eski hükümlüler, göçmenler ve sığınmacılar halk denilen topluluğun özünde yer alan tabakaları oluşturmaktadır. Kamu politikaları da tam olarak bu noktada ortaya çıkan ve ifade edilen tabakaların temelinden hareketle tüm toplumsal yapının istikrarlı işleyişine dair uygulama bütününü ifade etmektedir. Sosyal güvenlik; bireylerin sosyal, toplumsal ve ekonomik hayatlarında karşılaştıkları risklerin bireylerde neden olduğu tahribatı maddi ve manevi olarak ortadan kaldırmayı amaçlayan bir sosyal politika uygulamasıdır. Sosyal güvenlik; bir mesleki veya sosyal risk yüzünden geliri ya da kazancı kesintiye uğramış kimselerin başkalarının yardımına ihtiyaç kalmaksızın, geçinme ve yaşama ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan bir sistemdir. Sosyal güvenlik; bireylere hastalık, hamilelik, iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı, işsizlik, malullük, yaşlılık ve ölüm gibi etmenlerle tamamen ya da geçici bir gelir kaybının yaşanması durumunda bireyleri hem ekonomik olarak koruyan hem de bireylerin ifade edilen durumlarda temel tedavi süreçlerine destek sağlayan bir uygulama bütünüdür. Bu bakımdan değerlendirildiğinde sosyal güvenlik uygulaması sosyal politika temelinde gerçekleştirilmekle birlikte aslen devlet ve hükümetlerin sağlık alanında kamusal faydayı sağlamak amacıyla oluşturduğu bir kamu politikası uygulama süreçlerine örnektir. Emeklilik, bir sosyal güvenlik uygulaması olarak belirli bir yaş haddinin doldurulmasıyla birlikte iş hayatından ayrılan bireylere yaşlılık döneminde sunulan yaşlılık aylığı ve temel sağlık yardımlarının yaşandığı dönemdir. Günümüzde üzerinde sıkça tartışılan konulardan biri ise emekliliğe dair temel şartların tartışılması ve emeklilik uygulamalarıdır. Bu bakımdan bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık alanındaki bir kamu politikası olarak sosyal güvenlik çatısı altında yer alan emeklilik uygulamalarında kamusal yararın sağlanması hususunda inceleme gerçekleştirerek emeklilik uygulamalarının ekonomi ve işgücü piyasası açısından en verimli haline dair tartışmalara katkı sunmaktır.

CALLS FOR UKRAINIAN MILITARY SERVANTS: REASONS FOR NOMINATION

Resume. The article is devoted to the study of call names of Ukrainian servicemen, participants of the Russian-Ukrainian war, in particular the question of the motives for the nomination of these onyms. This issue is important and relevant, because its coverage allows not only to explain the mechanism of production of a new type of informal anthroponyms, which is very important, but also to clarify how the motives for the nomination call represent self-expression and identification of their bearers (soldiers, military medics, chaplains, volunteers), as well as other persons involved in the formation of call names. Studying the motives for the nomination of call signs, we considered the real motivation, which in the nonverbal aspect means the situation that precedes the appearance of the call sign, in the verbal - the text that served as the motive for creating informal naming. The purpose of our work is to study the motives for the nomination of Ukrainian conscripts. The object of analysis is the call names of Ukrainian servicemen involved in the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. Subject - motives for the nomination of call names. We set ourselves the following tasks: to determine, where possible, the motives for the nomination of call signs; classify them by nature of origin; to find out how the motives for the nomination of call names represent the self-expression and identification of their bearers, as well as those persons involved in the creation of these onyms. The results of the study will find practical application in the study of onomasiology, word formation, onomastics, etc. in universities, in the development of special courses and writing manuals on the problems of the above disciplines. Based on the study of 720 male conscripts, the real motives for the creation of 242 onyms were clarified. 11 groups of motives used in the process of nomination of call-up soldiers-defenders have been identified and characterized: official anthroponyms; profession, occupation, position and title; denotation capture; features of character, attitude of the person to others and features of behavior; external characteristics of the person; life situation related to the person; ethnicity of the carrier; place of birth or residence of the person; nicknames of servicemen in peaceful life, etc. Conclusions. The study of the motives for the nomination of call signs gives us a certain idea of ​​the bearer, his worldview, shows the linguistic picture of the world in the social group of servicemen. Often the call signs contain an indication of additional information about the bearers of the name - place of residence, occupation, ethnicity, etc., emphasize the physical, psychological, intellectual qualities of man, preferences and habits.

Moderation of Religious Madrasah Teachers

Religious moderation is a national program to create a peaceful life. The attitude of religious moderation is developed in madrasas as the main values ​​of life. The movement to realize religious moderation in madrasas needs to be started by teachers with an attitude of religious moderation. This study aims to describe the attitude of religious moderation of madrasa teachers and strategies for developing religious moderation in madrasas. The research begins with a literature review to examine the concept of religious moderation, attitudes of religious moderation and educational strategies for religious moderation. The research respondents were 111 madrasa teachers who participated in the training organized by the Surabaya Religious Education and Training Center. Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire. The research instrument is in the form of a standardized religious moderation attitude scale, a questionnaire sent via google form upload to respondents. Data processing was carried out by descriptive statistics. The results showed that the religious moderation attitude of madrasa teachers was in the medium and high categories. Teachers' religious moderation attitudes vary in terms of education level, teacher job background, teaching specialization, employment status and gender. The attitude of religious moderation is important in realizing a peaceful life, therefore it is recommended to increase the attitude of religious moderation in teachers.

Development of the Al-Assad National Library’s Collections under the Circumstances of the Military Conflict in Syria

During the military conflict on going on the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic (Syria), there was destroyed not only the economic, but also the educational and cultural infrastructure of the country. Thousands of libraries located in northern Syria have completely lost their collections. The number of Arab cultural centres (public libraries) decreased by 60% from 2011 to 2018. They were located in the conflict zones and were destroyed during military operations. Huge damage was caused to the market of publishing industry and the book culture of Syria as a whole.During the tough movement process from war to peace, the preservation of monuments, including writing, remains an important issue for the country and its future. The leading library in Syria is the Al-Assad National Library (NL), which receives legal deposit copy of domestic publications; it is engaged in international book exchange; makes procurements; receives books and manuscripts as donation. Preserving the documentary cultural heritage of the country, the library performs the memorial function, which is much more complicated in the conditions of military conflict and economic crisis.The purpose of the research is to study the impact of the war in Syria on the activities of the Al-Assad National Library, the dynamics of the development of its collections, as well as the formation of strategy for the reconstruction of the countryʼs library system. The author used the methods of comparative analysis in the work and conducted the review of the literature on this topic.In 1988, the Al-Assad National Library’s collections contained 131,931 items. In the 2000s, there was an increase in the number of publications received by the library via legal deposit copy system. Since 2011, the beginning of the terrorist war, which was accompanied by the economic blockade by Western countries, the replenishment of the stock has significantly decreased. From 2012 to 2015, the International Book Fair in Damascus was suspended. At the end of 2020, the total stock of the library amounted to 567,117 information resources in Arabic and foreign languages.Russiaʼs support in restoring peaceful life in Syria is highly appreciated by the Syrian people. The relevance of the study is related to the lack of information in Russian about the development of the national library collections during the war in Syria. Russian universities train Syrian specialists in both library and other branches of science. The Russian language has been introduced into educational programs in Syria, which will further lead to its adoption as a foreign language to replace English language in the Republic.At present, it is necessary to restore all areas of life in Syria, including cultural. The Al-Assad National Library plays a key role in the reform of the library system in the country, the formation of cultural policy through the creation of a stable system of book communication and the embedding of national book culture in the world information space. The Syrian society is forced to take into account political, economic, socio-cultural challenges. It is necessary to expand international cooperation, especially with countries that have maintained friendly relations with Syria.

‘This Is Our Testimony to the Whole World’: Quaker Peace Work and Religious Experience

Quakers express their faith by refraining from war, often actively opposing it. In modern Quakerism, this is known as the ‘Peace Testimony’. This commonly has a negative and positive construal: it is seen as a testimony against war, and as a testimony to the possibility and goodness of peaceful lives. This paper offers an account of how these aspects of the Peace Testimony are unified in and grounded on a corporate experience of being led by God into a way of life that renders war unthinkable. My goal is to make sense of Friends’ activism in light of their religious experience and to introduce some ideas from Quaker practical theology to philosophers and theologians more generally. I begin by considering the role of what Rachel Muers calls ‘negative testimony’ in Quaker peace work, arguing that we risk misunderstanding this work if we do not see the unity of the Peace Testimony’s negativity and Friends’ positive peace-making endeavors. I then turn to the Testimony’s ground, which I claim can be nothing other than an experience of direct revelation. I conclude by arguing that prominent objections to pacifism, such as Elizabeth Anscombe’s, hold little weight against the Peace Testimony.

A REVIEW OF CONVENTIONS, PROTOCOLS, AND AGREEMENTS: IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE MINING IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

A set of global objectives for equitable and sustainable health at every scale, from the global biosphere to the local community, are known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The goal is to eradicate poverty, save the environment, and guarantee that everyone lives in peace and prosperity both now and in the future. Minerals are necessary for human health and are used in almost every economic sector. Minerals are essential for the general running of the world; one cannot imagine the world without minerals and mining is solely liable for 4 to 7 per cent of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Mining activities can also contribute to longterm development, especially in economics. It can help a country generate cash, fuel economic growth, create jobs, and contribute to infrastructure development. As a result, Mining has positive and negative implications for the SDGs, with 11 of the 17 SDGs having exceptionally high impacts. This paper reviews the Conventions, Protocols, and Agreements and importance of Sustainable Mining in achieving SDGs.

Examination of Life Satisfaction in Youth and Sports Volunteers

Background:Today, in industrial society, people may need beneficial activities to increase their physiological-psychological and emotional performances and contribute to their peaceful life. In this study, it is based on the research of life satisfaction of sports volunteers who take part in sports organizations voluntarily. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the life satisfaction of sports volunteers in terms of various variables. It is very important to determine the variables that affect people's life satisfaction. Methods: Descriptive statistics method was used in this study, which aimed to examine the life satisfaction of youth and sports volunteers who took part in sports organizations in terms of various variables. The sample of the study consists of 390 sports volunteers selected by convenience sampling method. Life Satisfaction Scale adapted to Turkish by Akın & Yalnız (2015) was used. The life satisfaction of the sports volunteers who took part in the sports organization was examined in terms of various variables. The age range of the participants in the sample is 18-40. The sample of the study consists of 390 sports volunteers with 95% confidence and 5% error. The hypotheses of the obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS program. The statistical information of the participants was evaluated by using the descriptive survey method. First of all, the validity and reliability analysis of the scale was performed. The mean score of the scale was analyzed statistically. Research hypotheses were tested with Mann Whitney-U and Kruskall Wallis tests. Results: According to Mann Whitney-U Tests: While there was no difference in the life satisfaction of the participants according to the gender variables, according to the relationship status variable, the life satisfaction of the married participants was higher than the singles. Also, according to Kruskall Wallis Test: It was observed that as the education level of the participants increased, their life satisfaction increased. In addition, there was no difference according to their age classes. Conclusion: This sample group has undertaken these duties in order to produce a certain production in the society and to be useful individuals rather than life satisfaction, and they can get spiritual pleasures rather than material expectations related to age. Therefore, this group is likely to have higher levels of life satisfaction. Keywords: Life Satisfaction, Sport Volunteerism, Youth and Sport Volunteers

Likang Telu: Cultural Basis for Muslim-Catholic Relations in Manggarai

This article explores the power of culture as an effort to promote a harmonious, tolerant and peaceful life between Muslims and Catholics. Likang telu is a cultural concept of the people of West Flores which is the basis for Muslims and Catholics to live in harmony, tolerance and peace. This study was conducted in Manggarai, West Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The work aims to explore four elements including, 1) the differences in Muslim-Catholic relations after and before the reform era; 2) the extent to which the likang telu concept affects Muslim-Catholic relations in Manggarai; 3) the reasons for the likang telu concept being ignored by the Manggarai people and 4) the implications of the fading likang telu concept in Muslim-Catholic relations in Manggarai. The sugests that before the reform era, the Muslim and Catholic communities could live side by side in harmony and peace, while after the reform, the situation changed and conflicts were inevitable. It is apparently due to fading local wisdom, namely the likang telu concept of the Manggarai people which has 3 pillars: ase-kae (brother and sister), hae beo (fellow residents), and anak wina-anak rona (husband-giver and wife-giver). The trigger factors are the emergence of religious organizations both in the Catholic Church and in Islam; preferences of people’s knowledge sources that rely on the social media; and the unresolved trauma of the Muslim-Catholic relations in the past. The disregard for local wisdom has negative implications for Muslim-Catholic relations in Manggarai. This study recommends that all elements of the Manggarai community should revive and socialize likang telu as a local cultural treasure that had been proven in the past to be able to build a bridge of interfaith relations among different Manggarai communities.

RESILIENSI BUDAYA TOLERANSI BERAGAMA MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL DI KABUPATEN BURU

The objectives of this study are 1) to describe the pattern of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency; 2) identify the factors that influence the cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The theory used to see patterns of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural society in Buru Regency, namely the theory of Wagnil and Young, while to identify the factors for the emergence of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural society in Buru Regency, Reivich and Shatte theory are used. Data obtained from primary data and secondary data. The location of this research is in Namlea Village, Namlea District, Buru Regency. The method of data collection in this study is the observation method with the techniques used, namely field surveys (field studies), interviews (interviews), documentation studies, and literature studies.The results showed that the cultural resilience pattern of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency, especially in the Namlea community, focused on five aspects of resilience, namely Meaningful Life (purpose); Perseverance; Equanimity; Sell-reliance; Coming home to your self. These five aspects gave birth to patterns of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in the multicultural community in Buru Regency, especially for the Namlea community, such as fostering an attitude of tolerance, mutual respect, mutual respect, helping each other, building intimacy, and helping each other for the sake of a safe, comfortable, peaceful life. , and prosper. While the factors that influence the emergence of cultural resilience of religious tolerance in multicultural communities in Buru Regency, namely the protective factor in which the Namlea community, Buru Regency has a positive self-concept of attitudes, behavior, perceptions to be applied in the community environment. This support is obtained from the family environment, school environment, community environment.

HUMANIS? IDEOLOGY OR THE VALUE OF RELIGIOUS HUMANISM: RESEARCH ON FIGURES DAMIEN DEMATRA

Human values ??have an important role in realizing a safe, peaceful, and serene life in society. This can be achieved when everyone implements a humanist ideology or a view of human values ??in everyday life. The focus of this research is to describe Damien Dematra's social ideology, to describe his social background, and to describe Dematra's social position in society. This research uses qualitative research, data collection techniques use interviews, data analysis techniques use interactive techniques, and the validity of the data used is theory and source triangulation. The results showed that Dematra's social ideology was a humanist person. This is evidenced by his attitude, thoughts, and activities which are dedicated to humanity and world peace. Dematra's social background is a multitalent person or Dematra usually finds himself as an artist. This can be seen from the various fields that he has done, such as photographers, businessmen, painters, novelists, screenwriters for films and TV series, directors, actors and producers. Most of the professional fields that Dematra does have received recognition or awards from both international and domestic. Not only that, Dematra's work, which has contributed greatly to humanity and world peace, has received recognition and respect from the Keraton Surakarta and Keraton Cirebon. Dematra received a knighthood from the Keraton Sultanate of Surakarta and Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon. Every work produced by Dematra always gives a message of the value of humanity and peace. This is the basis for Dematra's work to be recognized, accepted, and even given respect or appreciation for its great contribution to humanity and peace. Dematra's social position in society also plays an important role in realizing human values ??and peace in Indonesia and the world. Dematra plays an active role as the coordinator and founder of the Pluralism Concern Movement. Pluralism Concern Movement is a non-governmental organization concerned with issues of pluralism, diversity and tolerance in society. There is a relationship between social position, social background, and Dematra's social ideology, this connection refers to one thing, namely the humanist ideology. Keywords: humanist, ideology, humanity