PC Material Research Articles

105 応力拡大係数K_Iの実験的解析(OS1-1 材料の強度と力学特性)(OS1 材料の力学・疲労・破壊現象)

In this paper, the method of deciding stress intensity factor is described by using strain gage. The CT test specimens of the FRP and PC material were used for the experiment, and the tension speed executed at the speed of 0.1 mm/min, and executed the experiment temperature at 30℃. The type of the strain gage used by this experiment is the gage length of 0.2mm. The experiment result and an analytical solution were compared. It was shown that the proposed method of strain gage was able to measure the stress intensity factor of the crack by adequate accuracy.

413 CCDイメージセンサを用いた薄肉材料の大変形引張試験モニタリングの開発(オーガナイズドセッション : 計算力学と構造最適化)

This paper deals with large elongation monitoring using CCD image sensors for tension test. As results of typical tests, are examined true stress-strain diagrams of aluminum sheet material and thin PC material as well as effect of tension speed on thin diagrams. As a result, they show that the present monitoring is useful for various kinds of thin materials.

Highly Photoactive Molecular Semiconductors: Determination of the Essential Parameters That Lead to an Improved Photoactivity for Modified Chloroaluminum Phthalocyanine Thin Films

Thin films of chloroaluminum, chlorogallium, and chloroindium phthalocyanines (ClAlPc, ClGaPc, and ClInPc) have been sublimed on SnO2 substrates maintained during sublimation at temperatures ranging from −130 to 190 °C. Using this procedure, it is possible to obtain molecular semiconductor layers with a structure varying from amorphous to polycrystalline. These layers were immersed in KI3/KI or KCl solutions at pH = 3.0. This treatment was found to improve drastically the photoelectrochemical activity of ClAlPc thin films. Short-circuit photocurrents Jsc = 0.75 ± 0.25 mA/cm2 were obtained, using polychromatic illumination (35 mW/cm2), after immersion of ClAlPc into KCl solutions while lower Jsc values (0.3 ± 0.1 mA/cm2) were obtained for KI3/KI solutions. No change in the photoactivity was observed either for ClGaPc or for ClInPc when they were immersed in the same solutions. Both molecular semiconductors provided lower short-circuit photocurrents (Jsc ≤ 0.15 ± 0.03 mA/cm2 for ClGaPc; Jsc ≤ 0.20 ± 0.02 mA/cm2 for ClInPc). The characterization of the chloro-trivalent metal phthalocyanine films indicates that the hydrolysis of the metal−Cl bond is essential for the occurrence of the physicochemical transformation leading to improved photoactivity. The Al−Cl bond of ClAlPc hydrolyzes, but this reaction does not occur for ClGaPc or for ClInPc. In contact with KI3/KI or KCl solutions at pH = 3.0, bulk hydrolysis occurs for ClAlPc, only if both H3O+ and an anion could diffuse from the solution into the material. The large I3- anion is prevented from doing so for polycrystalline ClAlPc films obtained by sublimation on SnO2 substrates maintained at 180 °C. However, it can diffuse easily in more disorganized films obtained at lower substrate temperatures. Powders of the chloro-trivalent metal phthalocyanines as well as bromoaluminum phthalocyanine (BrAlPc) were used to quantify anion incorporation in these materials. After complete hydrolysis of BrAlPc (powder) and ClAlPc (films) there are ca. 50−85% of the anions, generated in situ by the hydrolysis reaction or diffusing from the solution as a consequence of the hydrolysis reaction, that remain in the Pc material. Thus, ca. 50−85% of the protons released by the hydrolysis either protonate the macrocycles or react with Pc+O2- already present in the film. In both cases, anions are necessary to neutralize the excess of positive charges. H2O is also found in the modified films. The presence of protonated Pcs, of anions, and of H2O into what is now HOAlPc (after ClAlPc hydrolysis) modifies the structure of the material as well as its photoactivity.