Pavlodar Region Research Articles

ЭЙМЕРИОЗНО-СТРОНГИЛЯТОЗНАЯ ИНВАЗИЯ ЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОГО ТРАКТА КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА В ПАВЛОДАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ


 
 
 In this paper we investigate the epizootic situation of the spread of eimeria-strongilatos invasion among cattle in the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study was done on cattle in all 13 administrative districts of the Pavlodar Region, the obtained results being summarized in 3 tables in the text. Finally we provide a description of species composition of helminthes in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle.
 
 

Regional Segment in the Demographic Processes in Kazakhstan in the Context of Cluster Division into Districts (1999-2009)

The article looks at regional segment in the demographic processes in Kazakhstan during the decade of 1999-2009. The author uses method of cluster analysis to study demographic zones that includes specific weights of: a) Russian and Kazakh population in the total structure of the population, b) urban population in the total structure of population, c) people over 65, d) women of fertile age between 15 and 44, e) cumulative rate of natality, f) general mortality rate, g) rate of natural increase and h) crude marriage and divorce. These criteria enabled to distinguish several clusters using the concept of ‘ethnic and demographic area’ denoting a territory with relatively homogenous demography. Five clusters described comprise 1) Mangystau region, 2) region that includes East and North Kazakhstan with Akmola and Kokshetau, 3) South Kazakhstan with Atyrau and Kyzylorda, 4) Karaganda and Pavlodar regions (oblasts), 5) Aktobe, Almaty, Zhambyl and Western Kazakhstan region. Analysis of these areas made it possible to reveal their specific features. Differences between regions turned out to be substantial. While demographic situation in Mangystau and South Kazakhstan with Akmola and Kokshetau was favorable, demographic trends were negative in Eastern, Northern Kazakhstan and Akmola and Kokshetau regions as well as Karaganda and Pavlodar regions. Demographic trends in Aktobe, Almaty, Zhambyl regions and Western Kazakhstan can be characterized as transitional one from negative to positive extremes revealed between other two groups of clusters. The study of fertility in various regions of Kazakhstan allowed distinguishing two periods the first one being the 1989-1999s, when fertility declined dramatically and the period of its rise during the 1999-2009s. The article also discusses regional particularities of morality and reproduction in Kazakhstan, which are also determined by ethnic composition of these regions.

Comment on Shpansky <i>et al</i>. 2016, ‘The Quaternary Mammals from Kozhamzhar Locality (Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan)

Here, we comment on the reliability of a recently published young radiocarbon date for the Siberian ‘unicorn’ (Elasmotherium sibiricum) from Kozhamzhar (Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan).

The Quaternary Mammals from Kozhamzhar Locality (Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan)

A new locality of fossil mammals near Kozhamzhar in Pavlodar Priirtysh Region has been described. The article provides the description of the quaternary sediments section found in the outcrop near Kozhamzhar. In the Karginian Age (MIS 3) alluvial deposits of the described locality we found the remains of Elasmotherium sibiricum, Mammuthus ex gr. trogontherii-chosaricus, Mammuthus primigenius, Bison sp. AMS Radiocarbon dating of the Elasmotherium skull gave a young age-26038±356 BP (UBA-30522). The skull of Elasmotherium sibiricum exceeds in size the skull of the mammals from Eastern Europe. The lower jaw of the elephant, considering the size and the morphology of the last dentition teeth, is very close to that of Mammuthus trogontherii chosaricus.

THE CONDITION OF THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL RESOURCES OF THE PAVLODAR REGION

The Pavlodar region is located in the northeast of Kazakhstan. The most part of the territory of the Pavlodar region is in limits of the South of the West Siberian Plain on average a watercourse of the river Irtysh, and occupies the space of 127,5 thousand km ². In the north the area borders with the Russian Federation (Omsk region), in the south - with the Karaganda region, in the east - with East Kazakhstan, in the West - with Akmolinskaya and North Kazakhstan regions. Total, there are about 1000 archaeological monuments in the area, most of which, 705 are included in "The arch of monuments of the Pavlodar region", but the potential of their further identification isn't exhausted yet. From 12 districts of the region, the greatest numbers of monuments of archeology are three largest districts, Bayanaul, Mayskiy and Ekibastuz have, and then follow Pavlodar, Lebyazhinskiy, Shcherbaktinskiy and other districts. The article discusses the situation in the region at the moment as the main tourist cluster component.

Комплексный показатель пожарной опасности сельской местности Республики Казахстан

Purpose. The purpose and objective of the research is to adapt the method of fire risk assessment to the municipalities of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the use of integrated (territorial) fire risks. Methods. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of integral fire risks. Up to the present time in the Republic of Kazakhstan the complex index of fire danger countryside has not assessed. Without such research it is impossible to solve the problem of increasing fire safety level of municipalities. There is therefore a need to adapt the known method of fire risk assessment to the municipalities of the Republic of Kazakhstan and this assessment allows to characterize urban and rural fire risk, which determines the relevance of the study. Apply the technique of fire danger level assessment necessary for management decision-making to ensure the fire safety of municipalities based on an integrated indicator. Results. The serial analysis of fire risks carried out at the national and municipal levels. Based on the results of the research there are proved the values of the complex parameter to assess the level of fire danger municipalities. It was found that the average number of fires in the republic more urban than in rural areas, but the complex index of fire danger countryside more than 2 times worse than urban. The worst situation is in the countryside in Mangistau, Pavlodar, Akmola, North Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan and West Kazakhstan regions. Research application fields. The results can be used by local executive authorities and authorized bodies in the field of fire safety in the development of appropriate management decisions to reduce fire risk in rural areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as in the design of fire service. Conclusions. The analysis of fire danger countryside of the Republic of Kazakhstan showed that the complex index of fire danger in the countryside in 2 times worse than in the city. This circumstance is due to the fact that rural areas account for most fatalities and injuries. The main reasons for exceeding the number of injured and killed in the village is the remoteness of rural settlements from the fire and rescue units. The proposed approach to the assessment of fire danger levels countryside should be used in the development of measures to reduce fire risks in their respective territories.

Керамика боборыкинского облика с поселений юго-западных районов Алтайского края

On the territory of the Altai steppe and steppe materials of the Neolithic are presented with the monuments with destructed cultural layer. They are found along with the artifacts referring to a later period which creates problems for the historical interpretation of archaeological material. New data on the Neolithic of the Pavlodar region and the Barabinsk forest-steppe allowed addressing to the materials from the destroyed monuments in the Uglovsky, Loktevsky and Volchikhinsky districts of the Altai Territory. On the settlements in the south-western districts of the Altai Territory discovery was made of pottery decorated with various-type pinholes (drop-shaped, triangular, etc.), incised ornament in the form of zigzag and mesh-work and a roller decorated with circular imprints. These ornamental techniques serve as ethnocultural markers uniting materials from the settlements of south-western districts of the Altai Territory, Pavlodar and Semipalatinsk Irtysh Region with the Boborikino monuments of the Baraba and the Middle Trans-Urals. The research made allows the author to draw the conclusion that historical and cultural processes in the Neolithic period in the territory of the south-western districts of the Altai Territory were complicated and presented with several lines of development.

Четвертичные млекопитающие из местонахождения Кожамжар (Павлодарская область, Казахстан)

Четвертичные млекопитающие из местонахождения Кожамжар (Павлодарская область, Казахстан)

Spatial and Temporal Epidemiological Assessment of Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Kazakhstan, 1999-2013.

Breast cancer incidence and mortality in Kazakhstan are considered to be increasing but exact statistics have hitherto been lacking. The present study was therefore undertaken to retrospectively assess data for the whole country, accessed from the central registration office, for the period 1999-2013. Age standardized data for incidence and mortality were generated and compared across age groups. It was determined that during the studied period 45,891 new cases of breast cancer were registered and 20,122 women died of this pathology. Average breast cancer incidence and mortality were 37.9±1.10/105 and 16.7±0.20/105 respectively, and the overall ratio of mortality/incidence (M/I) was 0.44. Incidence tended to increase (T=+2.3%), and mortality to decrease (T of =-0.3%). Peaks of incidence and mortality were noted in those aged 60-74 years and 75-84, respectively. Particularly high incidences were established in large cities of Kazakhstan, Astana (46.8±1.80/105) and Almaty (49.7±1.30/105), and high mortality was observed in the Pavlodar region (17.9±0.60/105) and Almaty city (20.1±0.40/105). Considerable variation in the mortality/incidence ratio was noted, suggesting the need for more stress on access to screening and clinical care in some regions of the country.

LIPID PROFILE AMONG THE POPULATION EXPOSED TO RADIATION FROM SEMIPALATINSK NUCLEAR TEST SITE, KAZAKHSTAN

Many studies have explored associations between radiation exposure and cancer among atomic bomb survivors in Japan, Chernobyl rescue workers, workers of nuclear industry in Germany and in a historical cohort of people who were exposed to the radiation from the Semipalatinsk nuclear weapons test site in Kazakhstan. Non-cancer consequences of radiation exposure have been less studied. We identified a few publications on associations between radiation and cardiovascular diseases, but most of them were conducted in Japan among Hiroshima and Nagasaki survivors and their offspring. In this population-based cross-sectional study (n = 1 755) we assessed associations between equivalent radiation dose and blood lipids among population of East Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions who permanently live in close proximity to Semipalatinsk nuclear weapons test site. We studied total cholesterol, low- and high density lipoproteins as dependent variables across quartiles of the equivalent radiation dose using multiple linear regression with adjustment for gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and region of residence. We observed significant positive association between equivalent dose and total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins, but not high density lipoproteins. Our results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms between low dose radiation exposure and cardiovascular diseases

Investigating Willingness to Pay to Improve Water Supply Services: Application of Contingent Valuation Method

Safe water supply is one of the important Millennium Goals. For development of market water supply services, the willingness of consumers to pay is essential. The consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for piped water supply using the contingent valuation (CV) method with different starting point bids was investigated for the Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan. The results showed that households with access to groundwater (well or borehole water users) perceived this as of good quality. Consumers without access to groundwater used open-source, standpipe or delivered water for which they had to travel and spend time or to pay. Open source water and standpipe water quality was perceived as bad or satisfactory. More than 90% of the consumers were willing to pay for better water quality and regular water supply. The mean WTP was estimated to be about 1120 in bids and about 1590 KZT per household per month in open-ended question format (150 KZT is ~1 USD as of January 2012). The results can be used to better identify the proper technological choice and the level of service to be provided making rural water projects both sustainable and replicable at a larger scale.

PP.LB03.10

Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is an increasing public health problem in many developing countries with varying ethnic- and gender specific patterns. Sporadic publications in local literature suggest that the prevalence of overweight in Kazakhstan is also increasing, although most of these studies were small and performed only in large cities (Alma-Ata, Astana) while the information from other parts of the country is scarce. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity across genders and main ethnic groups in three administrative districts in East Kazakhstan. Design and method: Altogether, 1755 adults (59.7% women) aged 18–91 years living in in three administrative districts, i.e. the Maiskii and Lebiazhinskii districts of the Pavlodar region and Glubokovskii district of the East Kazakhstan region participated in a cross-sectional study. The study population was selected based on the automated state medical registry, covering the population exposed to nuclear test fallout. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The prevalence of overweight (BMI between 25.0 and <30.0 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI >30.0 kg/m2) was studied across genders and main ethnic groups – Kazakhs, Russians. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity were 42.3% (95%CI: 41.2–43.5) and 17.4% (95%CI: 16.1–18.4) among men and 43,1% (95%CI: 42.4–43.8) and 23.3% (95%CI: 20.3–26.7) among women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Kazakhs (41.9%, 95%CI: 40.2–43.6; 18.7%, 95%CI: 17.3–20.0) and among Russians (44.5%, 95%CI: 43.1–45.9; 24.9%, 95%CI: 23.2–25.5). Conclusions: Our results suggest that more than a half of the population of East Kazakhstan is at least overweight and almost every fourth is obese. We have not observed ethnic or gender differences in the studied outcomes.

Комплексное изучение и картографирование современного природопользования Павлодарской области Республики Казахстан

Abstract: The paper presents the results of studying and smallscale mapping of modern environmental management of Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan Republic. The features of modern sectoral and territorial structure of environmental management, revealed by analyzing a number of industry-developed analytic maps and the complex map of modern environmental management of Pavlodar region, are discussed.

The potential of development of medical and improving tourism in the Pavlodar Region

In article the resource capacity of the Pavlodar region is considered, the factors promoting and limiting development of medical and improving tourism are analyzed. Measures for development of medical and improving tourism in the Pavlodar region are offered. As a prerequisite for the development of tourism using recreational and geographic assessment. The study, conducted by the evaluation method in the same area that is compatible with the use of the territory of the local tourism and recreational tourism and recreational potential for the assessment of Kazakh research methods. State National Park Bayanauyl as an example of the exploitation of natural resources in the development of tourism in the way to the signing of a comprehensive study assessment. As an object of research in the field of tourism and recreation, and the current state of tourism involves an integrated study. As well as the identification and evaluation of natural and socio-economic conditions for the development of a comprehensive study. Prospects for further development in the field of recreation is the timely provision of quality services to tourism and recreation, save the environment at the appropriate level, define a new direction for the recreational use of the environment. Shore Zhasybai Sabyndykol, Toraigyr were taken under protection, as they are considered promising for tourism. It is convenient to conduct tours and travel routes. The evaluation identified the necessary resource base for tourists, and the possibility of their use. Keywords: Resources, tourism, medical and improving tourism, wellness-tourism.

Особенности проектирования и составления карт соляных озер на примере Павлодарской области

Бұл жұмыста негізінен зерттелу аумағын жобалау мен карта құрастырудың барлық деңгейлері көрсетілген. Бұл жұмыста картографиялық көздерді талдау әдістері және бастапқы карта құру әдістері қарастырылған. Сонымен қатар, тұзды көлдер туралы мәліметтер, оларды зерттеудің әдістері, өндірістік бағалауы мен барлау жұмыстары келтірілді. Тұзды көлдердің режимі мен булану мөлшеріне тәуелдігіне көп көңіл бөлінді. Тұзды кен орындар провинцияларының генетикалық классификациясы мәліметтері де қозғалды. Және де зерттелу аймақтың өндірістік бағыт мағынасында. Бұл тақырыпты геоақпараттық аспектідеар одан әрі зерттеу және дамыту өте маңызды болып табылады және барлық алынған карта өнімдерін тұз кен орындарын одан әрі зерттеу, және барлау үшін пайдалануға болады.

Skeleton of the giant deer Megaloceros giganteus giganteus (Blumenbach, 1803) (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Irtysh Region near Pavlodar

An almost complete skeleton of the giant deer Megaloceros giganteus giganteus (Blumenbach, 1803) from the Dzhambul locality on the Irtysh River (Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan) is described. About 80% of bones are intact, including the skull with well-preserved antlers. At present, the skeleton is mounted in the Pavlodar Local History Regional Museum. Comparative analysis of giant deer skulls varying in age from the southeastern West Siberian Plain has revealed stable characters distinguishing Middle and Late Neopleistocene specimens. These characteristics are considered to be of subspecies rank, allowing the identification of Megaloceros giganteus ruffi Nehring and Megaloceros giganteus giganteus (Blumenbach.) Changes in absolute and relative dimensions of the dentition and facial skull length are most indicative with reference to evolution.

Mathematical modelling of thermal process to aquatic environment with different hydrometeorological conditions.

This paper presents the mathematical model of the thermal process from thermal power plant to aquatic environment of the reservoir-cooler, which is located in the Pavlodar region, 17 Km to the north-east of Ekibastuz town. The thermal process in reservoir-cooler with different hydrometeorological conditions is considered, which is solved by three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and temperature equation for an incompressible flow in a stratified medium. A numerical method based on the projection method, divides the problem into three stages. At the first stage, it is assumed that the transfer of momentum occurs only by convection and diffusion. Intermediate velocity field is solved by fractional steps method. At the second stage, three-dimensional Poisson equation is solved by the Fourier method in combination with tridiagonal matrix method (Thomas algorithm). Finally, at the third stage, it is expected that the transfer is only due to the pressure gradient. Numerical method determines the basic laws of the hydrothermal processes that qualitatively and quantitatively are approximated depending on different hydrometeorological conditions.

INFORMATION SYSTEM IN BLOOD CENTER: FIRST STEP FOR THE VIRAL SAFETY

In the last decade a special focus has been based on blood donation system. This is due to two key factors: decline in the number of donors and rising amount of infectious diseases incidence, which increase cost of donated blood procurement. According to WHO recommendations, one of the factors that will improve viral safety of donated blood is information space which includes medical facilities and blood centers. We have analyzed information flows in Pavlodar Region Blood Center in order to formalize them for creation of an information system model.

Analyses of Taxonomy and Distribution of Fungi Species in Woody-Bush Plantations of the Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan

Analyses of Taxonomy and Distribution of Fungi Species in Woody-Bush Plantations of the Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan

Thyroid abnormality trend over time in northeastern regions of Kazakstan, adjacent to the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site: a case review of pathological findings for 7271 patients.

From 1949 through 1989 nuclear weapons testing carried out by the former Soviet Union at the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS) resulted in local fallout affecting the residents of Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk and Pavlodar regions of Kazakstan. To investigate the possible relationship between radiation exposure and thyroid gland abnormalities, we conducted a case review of pathological findings of 7271 urban and rural patients who underwent surgery from 1966-96. Of the 7271 patients, 761 (10.5%) were men, and 6510 (89.5%) were women. The age of the patients varied from 15 to 90 years. Overall, a diagnosis of adenomatous goiter (most frequently multinodular) was found in 1683 patients (63.4%) of Semipalatinsk region, in 2032 patients (68.6%) of Ust-Kamenogorsk region and in 1142 patients (69.0%) of Pavlodar region. In the period 1982-96, as compared before, there was a noticeable increase in the number of cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyroid cancer. Among histological forms of thyroid cancer, papillary (48.1%) and follicular (33.1%) predominated in the Semipalatinsk region. In later periods (1987-96), an increased frequency of abnormal cases occurred among patients less than 40 years of age, with the highest proportion among patients below 20 in Semipalatinsk and Ust-Kamenogorsk regions of Kazakstan. Given the positive findings of a significant cancer-period interaction, and a significant trend for the proportion of cancer to increase over time, we recommend more detailed and etiologic studies of thyroid disease among populations exposed to radiation fallout from the SNTS in comparison to non-exposed population.