Pattern Of Destruction Research Articles

A core-halo pattern of entropy creation in gravitational collapse

This paper presents a kinetic theory model of gravitational collapse due to a small perturbation. Solving the relevant equations yields a pattern of entropy destruction in a spherical core around the perturbation, and entropy creation in a surrounding halo. This indicates collisional "de-relaxation" in the core, and collisional relaxation in the halo. Core-halo patterns are ubiquitous in the astrophysics of gravitational collapse, and are found here without any of the prior assumptions of such a pattern usually made in analytical models. Motivated by this analysis, the paper outlines a possible scheme for identifying structure formation in a set of observations or a simulation. This scheme involves a choice of coarse-graining scale appropriate to the structure under consideration, and might aid exploration of hierarchical structure formation, supplementing the usual density-based methods for highlighting astrophysical and cosmological structure at various scales.

Imaging features of Ewing's sarcoma: Special reference to uncommon features and rare sites of presentation.

Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) commonly involves long bones with a permeative pattern of bone destruction and aggressive interrupted periosteal new bone formation. However, radiological features show wide variation and some presentations are uncommon, leading to diagnostic confusion. This study is aimed at studying the imaging features of proven EWS and highlight the uncommon features and rare sites of presentation. The imaging findings of 100 consecutive histopathologically proven EWS were analyzed retrospectively. All uncommon presentations with respect to age and site and morphology of lesion were observed. Most of the patients were below 20 years of age and 8% were younger than 5 years. Other than long bones, ribs, and pelvis, other sites considered to be rare and were noted in 25%. Extraosseous site involvement was 11%. Uncommon features included epiphyseal involvement (4%), sclerosis (4%), expansion of bone (8%), sunray spiculation (10%), calcification in soft tissue (8%), saucerization (4%), pathological fracture (5%), fluid-fluid level (2%), vertebra plana (2%), and lesion crossing the joint (13%). The uncommon observations included incidence in children <5 years (8%) and occurrence in craniofacial bones, spine, scapula, and clavicles and in extraosseous sites such as retroperitoneum, adrenals, or extremity. Uncommon findings included epiphyseal involvement, sclerosis, saucerization, calcification in soft tissue component, and pathological fracture and lesion crossing the joint.

Breakup of Spiral Wave and Order-Disorder Spatial Pattern Transition Induced by Spatially Uniform Cross-Correlated Sine-Wiener Noises in a Regular Network of Hodgkin-Huxley Neurons

Spatially uniform cross-correlated sine-Wiener (CCSW) noises are imposed on each Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neuron in a two-dimensional (2D) regular network. Noise-induced spiral wave destruction and order-disorder spatial pattern transition can be observed by adjusting cross-correlation time or cross-correlation intensity of CCSW noises. The sudden change of the curve of synchronization factor R and the time series of average membrane voltage F can be used to semiquantitatively assess this spatial pattern transition and spiral wave destruction induced by CCSW noises, respectively. In addition, moderate cross-correlation time and strong cross-correlation intensity of CCSW noises are both detrimental to survival of spiral wave. Comparing with non-cross-correlated sine-Wiener noises, CCSW noises can destroy organized spiral wave with lesser noise amplitude.

Analysis of load carrying capacity and destruction mechanism of an intermediate anchorage steel plate for pillar jib crane

Pillar jib cranes are often mounted to existing floors with the use of an intermediate anchorage steel plate instead of using independent foundations. The process of designing such an intermediate plate for a pillar jib crane and a destruction pattern for plates of insufficient thickness are presented in this article. The required steps of the designing process are introduced and also the required level of detail for the numerical analysis. The aim of this paper is to provide a secure and safe approach to the design of such intermediate anchorage plates.

Exergy Analysis of the Optimized MSFD Type of Brackish Water Desalination Process

This paper presents a detailed thermodynamical exergy analysis of an optimized MSF distillation plant based on the latest published thermodynamics properties of water and seawater software of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology by using design and optimized plant operation data. Exergy flow rates are evaluated throughout the plant and the exergy flow diagram is prepared in both cases. The rates of exergy destruction and their percentages are indicated on the diagram so that the locations of each exergy destruction can easily be identified. The study concludes that as a result of an optimization, making the MSFD unit once-through cooling system to recirculating type by using cooling tower system, the unit's exergy destruction pattern changes meaningfully. Besides, in the three exist thermal desalination plants up to 53 percent of feed water, i.e.; 667 m3/h and the same amount of reject water can be conserved. Though, with this modification, the unit steam consumption has been increased up to 13 ton/h, about 50 percent of design. Moreover, the detail of the study showed that the exergy destruction can be reduced more than 39% in the pumps, and 30% in blowdown and around 29% in distillate streams. For brine heater, an enhance as small as 0.37% is also achieved. In the other hand, the rate of destruction of exergy increased around 25% in the cooling process and above 5% in the evaporators.

Microhardness and Surface Texture of Primary Teeth Enamel After Immersion in a Fruit Drink

Purpose:The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the surface microhardness of human enamel of primary teeth immersed in an orange fruit drink at two time intervals. In addition, surface texture was recorded using scanning electron microscope (SEM).Methods:Fifteencaries free primary molars were used to prepare enamel specimens. Specimens were immersed in orange fruit drink for 1 and 2 hours at room temperature. Prior to immersion and following each immersion period, measurement of the surface microhardness at a load of 200 grams for 5 seconds and impression was taken for each specimen using polyvinyl/siloxane to form an epoxy resin replica to be prepared for SEM examination.Results:Mean +standard deviation of the surface microhardness prior to immersion as well as 1 hour and 2 hours after immersion were 343.50 + 6.78, 273.13 + 6.70, and 212.13 + 6.63 respectively. There was significant difference between the three groups (p<0.0001).Percent difference of microhardness before versus after immersion showed that the greatest softening after the second immersion compare to first immersion and before immersion. A distinct difference was observed under SEM in the specimens after 1 and 2 hours immersion in the fruit drink compared to the control.Conclusion:Immersion of the specimens of enamel of primary teeth in the tested orange fruit drink for 1 and 2 hours reduced the surface microhardness significantly compared to the baseline/control. SEM confirmed that the surface texture of the enamel surface of primary teeth was affected. Changes and effects on the surface texture increased over time and result in severe irregular and etching-like pattern of destruction after exposure for 2 hours.

“You'd Oughter Start a Scrap-Book”: Gossip and Aspirational Culture inThe House of MirthandThe Custom of the Country

AbstractIn Edith Wharton's novels The House of Mirth (1905) and The Custom of the Country (1913), both protagonists are subject to a great deal of gossip; only one, however, manages to learn how to manipulate that gossip to her benefit. With the character of Lily Bart, Wharton illustrates the danger of attempting to maintain one's scruples in a world of speculation; with Undine Spragg, she highlights the advantages of amorality in a society fascinated with publicity. If one examines the trajectory of gossip—both whispered and printed—in the two novels, a pattern of destruction and reconstruction emerges. Lily begins as a famous society belle, whose ultimate ejection from the upper echelons of society takes place in front of a society columnist. Wharton later presented a more ambitious and less ethical version of Lily with the character Undine Spragg-Moffatt-Marvell-de Chelles-Moffatt, who measures her own social progress, as well as the relative position of others, by counting citations in Town Talk. If Undine's beauty is not publicly discussed, much less admired, to her it no longer holds its worth. By comparing Lily with Undine, a different Edith Wharton emerges—one less aligned with the values of old New York and one more dedicated to satirizing the aspirational culture that still dominates American society.

Clinical Characteristics of Localized Aggressive Periodontitis in Primary Dentition.

Due to the low prevalence of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), clinical characteristics of LAP in primary dentition are derived from a few case reports/series in the literature. The goal of this study was to determine common clinical characteristics such as bone and root resorption patterns, in a series of cases with LAP in primary dentition. We hypothesize these cases present aggressive periodontal bone destruction starting mostly around first primary molars and atypical root resorption patterns. We have evaluated 33 LAP cases in primary dentition for pattern of bone destruction, root resorption and early exfoliation. Cases evaluated were aged 5-12 (mean=8.7 years). Thirty cases presented more severe bone loss on first than second molars, with relatively fast progression to second molars, altered pattern of root resorption, mostly external (n=16) and early exfoliation of primary teeth due to periodontal bone loss, rather than physiologic root resorption (n=11). This study showed common clinical characteristics found in LAP in primary molars, including possible initiation on first primary molars and abnormal root resorption patterns. These characteristics are important to be early identified and treated in order to prevent possible progression into the permanent dentition.

Kinetics of functional beta cell mass decay in a diphtheria toxin receptor mouse model of diabetes

Functional beta cell mass is an essential biomarker for the diagnosis and staging of diabetes. It has however proven technically challenging to study this parameter during diabetes progression. Here we have detailed the kinetics of the rapid decline in functional beta cell mass in the RIP-DTR mouse, a model of hyperglycemia resulting from diphtheria toxin induced beta cell ablation. A novel combination of imaging modalities was employed to study the pattern of beta cell destruction. Optical projection tomography of the pancreas and longitudinal in vivo confocal microscopy of islets transplanted into the anterior chamber of the eye allowed to investigate kinetics and tomographic location of beta cell mass decay in individual islets as well as at the entire islet population level. The correlation between beta cell mass and function was determined by complementary in vivo and ex vivo characterizations, demonstrating that beta cell function and glucose tolerance were impaired within the first two days following treatment when more than 50% of beta cell mass was remaining. Our results illustrate the importance of acquiring quantitative functional and morphological parameters to assess the functional status of the endocrine pancreas.

Proximal nail plate destruction in subungual melanoma could be a possible predictor of invasiveness thicker than 1.25 mm.

Various patterns of nail plate destruction are common features in subungual melanoma (SUM), but there has been no reports regarding their clinical significance according to the pattern of nail plate destruction in terms of tumor thickness. We tried to find a relationship between dermal invasion of SUM and proximal nail plate destruction (PNPD). Clinical information of patients with SUM was reviewed retrospectively from seven dermatology training hospitals in Korea. The PNPD was defined as a visible loss of full thickness of nail plate touching the eponychium at the most proximal part of it. We evaluated whether there are correlations between patients' age, sex, location of SUM, Breslow thickness (BT) and the presence of PNPD. Among 93 patients with SUM, 36 (38.7%) showed PNPD. Sex and BT showed significant correlations with the presence of PNPD in univariate analysis (P < 0.05). BT, age and sex showed significant correlations with the presence of PNPD in multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). Among them, BT showed the strongest correlation with the presence of PNPD (area under the curve, 0.722) and the cut-off value was 1.25 mm. In conclusion, we suggest that PNPD in SUM could be a possible predictor of invasiveness of more than 1.25 mm BT.

FATAL MODERATELY DIFFERENTIATED MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA

This study aims to report a case of a male patient, 61 years old, melanoderma, complaining of a cavity on the palate that prevented him from eating. The intraoral examination found ulcerated lesion, bleeding and friable aspect of approximately 2 cm, with diagnostic hypothesis of squamous cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma by the pattern of tissue destruction of the area and history of chronic smoking. Incisional biopsy was performed and the tissue was submitted to histopathologic exam. With confirmed diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, the patient was referred to the oncology center and died 7 months later because of metastasis in the stomach.

Soul Death and the Legacy of Total War

Abstract Following the lead of Hannah Arendt and others, I want to argue that the imperial mystique seen in the British Empire found its way into Germany’s expansionist ambitions. I am concerned with the emotional costs of oppression, or what I call soul death. I focus on three key writers of the 20th century: Doris Lessing, Nadine Gordimer, and J. M. Coetzee, placing their writings in the context of war trauma and the barbarities associated with 20th century totalitarianism. My argument seeks to elucidate the relationship between postcoloniality and the wars that shaped that century. These narratives of distress will be juxtaposed with novels by Imre Kertész and Arnošt Lustig whose writings of the Holocaust and the war atmosphere on the Eastern Front illuminate scenes of trauma and personal anguish. Here my study draws on the work of recent psychologists whose term soul murder is made much of. These writers’ works can be more fully understood to reveal patterns of personal destruction that are part of living under imperialism. They bring to the forefront behaviours that expose the debasement and hardening witnessed in the early decades of the century.

Role of S-100 Immunostain as An Auxiliary Diagnostic Aid in Leprosy

Histopathologic diagnosis of leprosy is difficult when Bacillary Index (BI) is zero and neural involvement are not easily identifiable on routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. This study was undertaken to study the role of S-100 immunostaining in demonstrating different patterns of nerve involvement in various types of leprosy. Thirty one skin biopsies with clinico-histopathologic diagnoses of leprosy over a period of two years were included in the study. Ten cases of non-lepromatous granulomatous dermatoses (including eight cases of lupus vulgaris and two cases of erythema nodosum) were used as controls. Tissue sections from all cases and controls were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain, Fite stain and S-100 immunostain. The H&E stained slides were used to study the histopathological features, Fite stained slides for Bacillary Index and S-100 for nerve changes. Neural changes could be demonstrated in the entire spectrum of leprosy using S-100 immunostaining. The most common pattern of nerve destruction in the tuberculoid spectrum was fragmented and infiltrated whereas lepromatous spectrum showed mostly fragmented nerve twigs. Intact nerves were not detected in any of the leprosy cases. S-100 immunostain is a useful auxiliary aid to the routine H&E stain in the diagnosis of leprosy especially tuberculoid spectrum and intermediate leprosy.

Radiographic Differentiation of Advanced Fibrocystic Lung Diseases.

The concept of end-stage lung disease suggests a final common pathway for most diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. In accordance with this concept, end-stage disease is characterized radiographically and pathologically by the presence of extensive honeycombing. However, sequential computed tomographic (CT) scans obtained from patients with chronic diffuse lung disease evolve over time to show various advanced lung disease patterns other than honeycombing. In addition, several radiographically distinct honeycomb patterns, including microcystic, macrocystic, mixed, and combined emphysema and honeycombing, differentiate one advanced lung disease from another. For example, usual interstitial pneumonia (IP) usually shows mixed microcystic and macrocystic honeycombing. In contrast, CT images of long-standing fibrotic nonspecific IP typically show only small, scattered foci of honeycombing; instead, most enlarged airspaces observed in the advanced stage of this disease represent dilatation of bronchioles. In desquamative IP and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, focal opacities typically evolve into emphysema-like lesions seen on CT imaging. In combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema and sarcoidosis, the cysts tend to be larger than those observed in usual IP. Sequential CT scans in other chronic, diffuse lung diseases also show various distinctive changes. This article highlights radiographic patterns of lung destruction that belie a single common pathway to end-stage lung disease. Recognition of distinct radiographic patterns of lung destruction can help differentiate diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, even in advanced stages of disease evolution.

Risk factors of recurrence of macular oedema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion after intravitreal bevacizumab injection

Background/aimsTo identify risk factors of recurrence of macular oedema in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) after intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection.MethodsThe records of 63 patients who underwent IVB injection for macular...

Pattern of tissue destruction among patients diagnosed with cancrum oris (Noma) at a Northwestern Nigerian Hospital, Sokoto

Background: Cancrum oris is a debilitating and rapidly progressive gangrenous disease. It is life-threatening and results in severe devastation. Tissue loss constitutes a formidable cause of morbidity in patients and also poses an enormous challenge to a reconstructive surgeon. This study aims to describe the pattern of tissue loss among patients with cancrum oris at our center. Methods: A review of the data of patients treated for cancrum oris at Noma Children Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria, from December 1999 to 2011, was done. Data on the age, gender, and pattern of tissue loss were retrieved. The pattern of tissue loss was assessed anatomically and clinically. Analysis of data was done using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 20 [Armonk, NY: IBM Corp]). Results: A total of 159 cases of cancrum oris were included in this study. The age range was 1–33 years with a mean (± standard deviation) of 3.5 (3.23) years. A male/female ratio of 1:1.2 was observed. A total of 425 sites were affected in 159 patients. In 109 (68.6%) patients, only soft tissue involvement was seen, while a combination of soft and hard tissue destructions was observed in 50 (31.4%) patients. The most frequently affected site was the cheek, 268 (63.1%), followed by the lips, 106 (66.7%). The nose was affected in 40 (25.2%) patients. Osseous involvement was observed in 50 (7.6%) patients. Conclusion: Cancrum oris, though considered to be a rare disease, continues to constitute a grievous cause of orofacial tissue loss and consequent morbidity in our environment.

Evaluating the load-carrying ability of compressed reinforced concrete elements with heterogeneous strength properties of concrete

This article presents a methodology of determining the load-carrying ability of compressed reinforced concrete elements with layers of various concrete strength and describes the stress-strain behaviour of these elements. The methodology is based on the use of a deformation model and diagrams of materials deformation [1, 2]. The authors used this methodology to develop an algorithm. The algorithm makes it possible to evaluate stress and strain state of normal sections at all stages of loading up to destruction. The solution of the problem is shown as a data table. Analysis of this data table allows to estimate an expected pattern of the samples destruction. The paper also gives an example of calculation of a compressed reinforced concrete element with heterogeneous strength properties of a compressed area with symmetrical reinforcement (4 bars). The calculation methodology in this article has been successfully used to evaluate the load bearing capacity of the described samples and those of other authors.

Electrical Membrane Breakdown (EMB): Preliminary Findings of a New Method of Non-thermal Tissue Ablation

Electrical membrane breakdown (EMB) is a novel form of non-thermal treatment that has not, to our knowledge, been previously evaluated for its potential utility as an ablation mechanism. The findings with EMB immediately after treatment were compared with other forms of ablation (cryoablation and IRE (irreversible electroporation)) in the porcine liver clinically, ultrasonographically, and by light microscopy and ultrastructural analysis. Clinically, EMB did not induce muscular contractions, in contrast with IRE. By ultrasound, all lesions were hypoechoic when compared to the untreated liver. EMB created a consistent pattern of immediate tissue destruction at the light microscopic and ultrastructural level, characterized by pulse-dose-related coagulative necrosis and nuclear pyknosis, preserved blood vessels and adjacent structures, and sharply demarcated margins. We conclude that the profile of EMB ablation is distinctive and unique, inducing necrosis by immediate electrical rupture of cell membranes non-thermally while preserving proteins and adjacent vessels with potentially superior stimulation of the immune system than other ablation modalities.

TO IDENTIFY THE PATTERNS OF DESTRUCTION AND CRACKING SHORT REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS

Ponte Academic JournalFeb 2017, Volume 73, Issue 2 TO IDENTIFY THE PATTERNS OF DESTRUCTION AND CRACKING SHORT REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMSAuthor(s): Yu. P. Skachkov ,I. G. Ovchinnikov, O.V. SnezhkinaJ. Ponte - Feb 2017 - Volume 73 - Issue 2 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.2.23 Abstract:Experimental studies of short reinforced concrete beams with flight of a cut of a/h0 to 1.5 are given. The program of researches provided: definition of influence of flight of a cut on the character of cracks formation, a type of destruction in beams without cross fittings and in the beams reinforced by evenly distributed fittings; definition of influence of the horizontal and vertical distributed fittings on durability, crack resistance and width of disclosure of cracks. On the results of researches schemes of destruction and a crack formation of beams at change of flight of a cut and schemes of reinforcing are defined. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Numerical investigation the dynamics of vaporization at the flow of liquid methane in channel with variable section

Numerically transient dynamics of vaporization of the liquid bubbling up methane flow in the Laval nozzle are analyzed. The equation conservation of mass, momentum and energy with averaging of Favre are used. For numerical modeling of cavitation the additional equation for transport the volume fraction of vapour with special source terms for evaporation and condensations is used. Non-stationary process of evaporation is analyzed in various checkpoints in diffuser portion of the nozzle are investigated. By the study of the unsteady dynamics of changes the characteristic hydrodynamic quantities of two-phase gas-liquid flow, the main jet stream pattern of destruction of the process of liquid methane at the expiration of the nozzle throat are identified.