Patterns Of Everyday Life Research Articles

Spatial solidarity among older adults in age-related housing

Ageing-in-place policies encourage older adults to live at home as long as possible; however, this challenges the abilities of both formal care and informal help. Utilizing the results of my research, I introduce the term spatial solidarity to describe the help that older individuals give each other in age-related housing. One starting point for solidarity is the ability to relate to others. In age-related housing people understand the challenges they face because of aging, although giving reciprocal help might not be possible due to a variety of challenges people face including illness. Helping may be exhausting for those who provide the help and furthermore may cause clashes between helpers and authorities. The results show that solidarity is connected to spatiality in many ways. I have introduced three spatial points that have an influence on solidarity and vice versa: relational space, everyday spatialities and affective qualities. In relational space, solidarity can change the spaces we live in but also the spaces can create solidarity. Furthermore, solidarity can change spaces both physically and through social relationships. Through everyday spatialities solidarity creates spatial patterns in everyday life and has an influence on everyday decisions. Solidarity is affective in the sense that it emerges in spaces where discussions are made about values and norms. Furthermore, when people show solidarity towards each other, it may influence others. Spatial solidarity amongst older individuals fills the gap between any inadequacy in the form of the home care and the needs of the residents. However, the spatial solidarity between older adults is precarious and may change due to the physical conditions of the people. Furthermore, the main responsibility for care of older individuals should not lie with other older people.

Analysis Error Student in Solving Problem Logarithm Based on the Kastolan Procedure

Mathematics is very important in teaching students to have and apply mathematical thinking patterns in everyday life and become a reference for studying various other branches of science. One of the mathematics materials is logarithms, where students often make mistakes when solving these problems, so it can indicate how far students have mastered the logarithm material chosen for this research because logarithms have properties that students must understand. So, this research aims to analyze the errors made by students when solving logarithm problems using the Kastolan procedure. Subject in this study, nine students from class X IT SMKS, Darel Hikmah Pekanbaru. The research instrument used a 5-item logarithmic description test instrument. The data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Based on the research data results, it was concluded that students made conceptual errors, namely the inability to apply the concept of the properties used. Procedural errors were when students were unable to solve the problem until they got the final solution, and technical errors occurred because they made mistakes in calculations to produce answers wrong.

Mapping Everyday Public Spaces in Urban Neighbourhoods

Central public spaces in cities have always played an important role in urban experience, and continue to have a city-wide significance, often described as the meeting spaces of cultures, politics, social and individual trajectories. Peripheral and/or neighbourhood public spaces, where the everyday life of citizens unfolds, rarely enjoy any of this significance and may not receive the attention needed from the main stakeholders involved. Many researchers have highlighted the significance of these public spaces in cities, pointing out that the patterns of everyday life in residential neighbourhoods – whether it is the chance encounters in the local market or conversations in the local square– are the essential material of society and may well have integrative social functions, of an individual or collective initiative. This paper aims at an empirical contribution to a better understanding of the synthesizing mechanisms, which shape public spaces in cities’ neighbourhoods, by addressing the variety of factors involved and their relations and by highlighting the need for manifold perspectives on the localized ‘meaning’ of places, constructed, and shaped by local practices and behaviours. Drawing on the theoretical framework of relational theories, the paper sets out to explore the links between the physical sphere and the social sphere of three different residential public spaces in the city of Limassol, critically exploring the ways in which the boundaries of public space are challenged and negotiated. Both spatial analysis and social sciences methods are employed to map and unveil the essential role residential public spaces play, in bringing together what society divides in contemporary, multicultural cities, where multiplicities of identities, languages, religions and cultures may naturally give rise to tensions and even hostilities. The potential for interaction and meetings between different people backgrounds in the public realm is shown to be a crucial prerequisite for shaping encounters during their everyday life, encouraging tolerance and a feeling of belonging.

Pendidikan Jasmani Perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan Islam: Sistematic Literature Review

Islamic education focuses more on the spiritual aspect, whereas the physical aspect is also important. While the body is one of the most important elements that make up humans. The body is a very important and influential aspect of the human being. Therefore, keeping and maintaining the body is important. This study aims to determine the form and concept of physical education in the perspective of Islamic education philosophy. The method in this research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This approach aims to collect, review, and interpret all available evidence and information about physical education in the perspective of Islamic education philosophy. The results showed that physical education is very important and needs to be considered to maintain and care for the body and as a means of preparing a healthier and stronger generation. Through maintaining cleanliness, treating diseases, getting used to exercise and regulating eating and drinking patterns in everyday life. So that with physical education can help and facilitate the body to worship the almighty Allah. This research is certainly expected to be one of the references in people's lives about the importance of physical education.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Kelas 2 SD Muhammadiyah 3 Assalaam

In order to prepare students to be able to apply mathematics and mathematical thinking patterns in everyday life and in studying various sciences at school, difficulties in understanding material in mathematics subjects experienced by students, especially in elementary schools, need to be addressed immediately. This research aims to analyze the difficulties experienced by grade 2 students at SD Muhammadiyah 3 Assalaam. This research is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach, the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. Data validation techniques use technical triangulation, source triangulation and time triangulation. The research was carried out in class 2 of SD Muhammadiyah 3 Assalaam, Blimbing District, Malang City, East Java. The results of the research show that mathematics is a subject that is considered difficult by the majority of grade 2 students at Muhammadiyah Assalaam Elementary School, especially in the multiplication operation material. This is caused by various factors originating from internal and external factors.

Implications for Health Management Through an Analysis of Changes in Life Patterns of Generation Z College Students Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

This study examines the radical changes in the everyday life patterns of Gen Z college students and their health-related perceptions in the online era. Twelve Korean college students in their 20s attending online classes were included in this study. Online video interviews were conducted between September 2021 and January 2022, and content analysis was performed on the one-on-one interview transcripts. Four main categories and ten subcategories were derived from the data analysis: (1) living in a mobile world, (2) new lifestyle transcending time and space and adaptation to the change, (3) expansion of the meaning of health, and (4) interest in health and health management. Gen Z college students have quickly adapted to the convenience of a non-face-to-face lifestyle, and their perceptions about health and methods of health management have also changed accordingly. Correspondingly, for the new generation of university students, providing customized health care that reflects the lifestyle of using mobile devices and includes self-management areas is necessary.

Penguatan Karakter Peserta Didik Melalui Pembelajaran IPS Terpadu

Character is inherent in every individual which is reflected in behavior patterns in everyday life. A person's character is influenced by environmental factors (nurture) and innate factors (nature). This character education aims to develop a person's ability to make good and bad decisions, maintain what is good, and realize that goodness in everyday life wholeheartedly. Where at this time the condition of the Indonesian nation is experiencing a decline in character. We realize that if this demoralization is not corrected immediately, this nation that we love will be on the brink of collapse. Therefore character education is a habit, so the formation of one's character requires communities of character. The role of schools as communities of character in character education is very important. Schools develop character education processes through learning processes, habituation, extracurricular activities, and working with families and communities in their development.

Smartphone Keyboard Interaction Monitoring as an Unobtrusive Method to Approximate Rest-Activity Patterns: Experience Sampling Study Investigating Interindividual and Metric-Specific Variations

Sleep is an important determinant of individuals' health and behavior during the wake phase. Novel research methods for field assessments are required to enable the monitoring of sleep over a prolonged period and across a large number of people. The ubiquity of smartphones offers new avenues for detecting rest-activity patterns in everyday life in a noninvasive an inexpensive manner and on a large scale. Recent studies provided evidence for the potential of smartphone interaction monitoring as a novel tracking method to approximate rest-activity patterns based on the timing of smartphone activity and inactivity throughout the 24-hour day. These findings require further replication and more detailed insights into interindividual variations in the associations and deviations with commonly used metrics for monitoring rest-activity patterns in everyday life. This study aimed to replicate and expand on earlier findings regarding the associations and deviations between smartphone keyboard-derived and self-reported estimates of the timing of the onset of the rest and active periods and the duration of the rest period. Moreover, we aimed to quantify interindividual variations in the associations and time differences between the 2 assessment modalities and to investigate to what extent general sleep quality, chronotype, and trait self-control moderate these associations and deviations. Students were recruited to participate in a 7-day experience sampling study with parallel smartphone keyboard interaction monitoring. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data. In total, 157 students participated in the study, with an overall response rate of 88.9% for the diaries. The results revealed moderate to strong relationships between the keyboard-derived and self-reported estimates, with stronger associations for the timing-related estimates (β ranging from .61 to .78) than for the duration-related estimates (β=.51 and β=.52). The relational strength between the time-related estimates was lower, but did not substantially differ for the duration-related estimates, among students experiencing more disturbances in their general sleep quality. Time differences between the keyboard-derived and self-reported estimates were, on average, small (<0.5 hours); however, large discrepancies were also registered for quite some nights. The time differences between the 2 assessment modalities were larger for both timing-related and rest duration-related estimates among students who reported more disturbances in their general sleep quality. Chronotype and trait self-control did not significantly moderate the associations and deviations between the 2 assessment modalities. We replicated the positive potential of smartphone keyboard interaction monitoring for estimating rest-activity patterns among populations of regular smartphone users. Chronotype and trait self-control did not significantly influence the metrics' accuracy, whereas general sleep quality did: the behavioral proxies obtained from smartphone interactions appeared to be less powerful among students who experienced lower general sleep quality. The generalization and underlying process of these findings require further investigation.

Larger dlPFC and vmPFC grey matter volumes are associated with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet: A cross-sectional study in older adults.

Dietary self-control is associated with inter-individual differences in neuroanatomy. Yet, whether such inter-individual differences are also associated with healthier dietary patterns is yet to be determined. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 100 northern Portuguese older community-dwellers were assessed with regards to i) the adherence to a healthy dietary eating pattern - the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), and ii) grey matter density (GMD) of brain regions associated with valuation and dietary self-regulation, the ventromedial (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), through voxel-based morphometry. Healthy food choices were ascertained through the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) where higher scores indicated greater adherence to the MedDiet. Voxel-based morphometry showed that greater grey matter density in the dlPFC and vmPFC associated with a higher adherence to the MedDiet. These results replicate previous links between dietary decision-making measured under laboratory conditions and the neuroanatomy of the brain's valuation and self-control system. Importantly, they shed new light on the potential relevance of inter-individual differences in the neuroanatomy of these two brain regions for adhering to healthier dietary patterns in everyday life.

Benchmarking online sequence-to-sequence and character-based handwriting recognition from IMU-enhanced pens

Handwriting is one of the most frequently occurring patterns in everyday life and with it comes challenging applications such as handwriting recognition, writer identification and signature verification. In contrast to offline HWR that only uses spatial information (i.e., images), online HWR uses richer spatio-temporal information (i.e., trajectory data or inertial data). While there exist many offline HWR datasets, there are only little data available for the development of OnHWR methods on paper as it requires hardware-integrated pens. This paper presents data and benchmark models for real-time sequence-to-sequence learning and single character-based recognition. Our data are recorded by a sensor-enhanced ballpoint pen, yielding sensor data streams from triaxial accelerometers, a gyroscope, a magnetometer and a force sensor at 100 Hz. We propose a variety of datasets including equations and words for both the writer-dependent and writer-independent tasks. Our datasets allow a comparison between classical OnHWR on tablets and on paper with sensor-enhanced pens. We provide an evaluation benchmark for seq2seq and single character-based HWR using recurrent and temporal convolutional networks and transformers combined with a connectionist temporal classification (CTC) loss and cross-entropy (CE) losses. Our convolutional network combined with BiLSTMs outperforms transformer-based architectures, is on par with InceptionTime for sequence-based classification tasks and yields better results compared to 28 state-of-the-art techniques. Time-series augmentation methods improve the sequence-based task, and we show that CE variants can improve the single classification task. Our implementations together with the large benchmark of state-of-the-art techniques of novel OnHWR datasets serve as a baseline for future research in the area of OnHWR on paper.

Inside out: human mobility big data show how COVID-19 changed the urban network structure in the Seoul Metropolitan Area

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed human mobility patterns in cities. Lockdowns, social distancing and flexible working hours have restructured pre-existing dynamics between two opposing forces in major cities: centripetal and centrifugal. To scrutinise the new dynamics, human mobility in the Seoul Metropolitan Area in early 2020 was investigated using big data collected from cell phone activity. By suggesting a network-based approach to untangle complex human mobility in the urban network, this research contributes to understanding how the COVID-19 shock impacted human mobility patterns in everyday life and how human behaviours adapted to the new normal.

A comprehensive and modular set of appliance operation MILP models for demand response optimization

Demand response programs are essential to enable accommodating larger shares of variable power generation based on renewable sources, the deployment of which is imperative for decarbonizing the economy and mitigating global warming. Consumers/prosumers are increasingly exposed to and may benefit from time-differentiated energy prices aimed to induce changes in regular consumption patterns. These changes are also beneficial for retailers and grid operators in face of the variability of wholesale market prices, renewable energy availability and grid conditions. The optimization models to be implemented in autonomous home energy management systems require a rigorous modeling of appliance operation to generate effective load scheduling solutions, respecting their physical operation principles and use patterns in everyday life. A balance should be sought between the detail level of optimization models and the computational requirements to generate usable solutions having in mind their implementation in low-cost processors. This paper presents a comprehensive and modular set of mixed-integer linear programming models aimed at enabling their seamless incorporation in home energy management systems, allowing for the integrated optimization of all energy resources (exchanges with the grid, load management, electric vehicle and stationary battery, local microgeneration). Detailed energy consumption optimization models for shiftable, interruptible and thermostatic loads are presented, also including the power cost component and ways of dealing with user's discomfort. The modular models are presented in a building block manner enhancing the flexibility of their utilization in overall models with different objective functions encompassing the economic and comfort dimensions. Computational results are presented for a case study using actual data, which considers a time-of-use tariff with six periods. In addition to comparing with a plain tariff scheme, different consumer profiles are simulated to assess the impact of comfort requirements on cost. These results show that whenever consumers have the flexibility to change their consumption patterns, they are able to lower the net electricity bill by having an energy management system endowed with the models herein proposed to make optimized decisions on their behalf.

Fragments of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Srebrenica Refugees and Its' Returnees

During ethnographic research into newly established suburbs around Sarajevo, which are mainly inhabited by Srebrenica’s population who survived the persecution and genocide of 1995, I had the task of recording certain lifestyle changes of these refugees. This paper analyses the oral literary lyrical heritage of the Srebrenica region, ie. oral songs which were remembered mostly by women. Since I was myself one of those populations I relied on my personal experience that expanded my insight into more detailed knowledge, as well as the various circumstances that shaped the way of life of my respondents. On the other hand, the research aimed, among other things, to examine the role of Srebrenica women in the memory of the intangible cultural heritage of their region in recent times. First, I considered women’s self-organizing as a response to the genocide and the consequent absence of male family members and community leaders. Then I draw upon my research to consider the impact of these activities on collective attitudes toward the memory of the Srebrenicas' former spiritual life examining the presence of traditional and oral patterns in everyday life. The paper relies on interpretative and analytical methods of the science of literature.

Does Sharing with Neighbours Work? Accounts of Success and Failure from Two German Housing Experimentations

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the normalization of everyday sharing practices in two exemplary German neighbourhoods, which both provide numerous opportunities for sharing spaces, stuff, food and mobility carriers, but differ regarding their “philosophy”. The first case belongs to the increasingly popular “collaborative housing” model, the second one is a developer-driven, service-based project. Inspired by core ideas from Social Practice Theory, the guiding questions of this research are then 1) to which extent have sharing practices become a normal part of residents’ lives in these neighbourhoods and 2) what may explain observed differences? Evidence shows that residents in the collaborative housing case share more frequently, more regularly and over longer timespans than their counterparts in the developer-driven neighbourhood. I argue that this is due to a higher share of fitting practice configurations and a better integration of sharing practices into tenants’ typical patterns of everyday life.

A Relative Study of Contemporary Residential Landscape Architecture: From the Local to the Global Aspect

The location of residential quarters has a deep connection with the pattern of everyday life. It is not always significant for social activities; however, it is the main component in city planning. Along with the improvement of the society and economy, the landscape of residences is likewise changing. This paper aims to discuss the planning strategies of residential landscape from a socio-technical perceptive. A diverse approach was implemented for collecting data due to the uncertain situation around the world because of COVID19 including personal archival data, LDA authority, building regulations, research articles and interviews. The variables adapted for the current research are: drift from outdoor spaces to indoor spaces, orientation of design and spatial layout and practices diffusion. The study suggests that the dynamics of space and practices can normalize the unsustainable arrangements rooted in social organizations. The increased consumption of electrical appliances and specification of spaces has changed the culture into an unsuitable indoor layout planning and has neglected the use of outdoor areas in contemporary societies. This study can help to bring the implementation of house planning into a broader perspective globally as there is a comparison drawn between the local and international landscaped signing by a renowned landscape architect "Geoffrey Bawa".&#x0D; Keywords: architecture, contemporary and landscape, open spaces, orientation, residential planning

Cycling in an ‘ordinary city’: A practice theory approach to supporting a modal shift

There has long been evidence of the benefit of a modal shift toward cycling can bring to meeting several pressing urban challenges including ill-health, climate change, and poor air quality. In the wake of COVID-19, policy-makers have identified a modal shift toward cycling as part of the solution to mobility challenges introduced by social distancing measures. However, beyond exemplar areas, cycling has been largely characterized by a stubbornly-low modal share. In this paper, we use the ‘ordinary city’ – in cycling terms – of Liverpool as a case study to understand this. We apply practice theory in doing so, finding the provision of materials for cycling is the key factor in supporting a modal shift. Not only do they provide the means to support the practice of cycling in the city, but they also have a key role in shaping individuals perceptions of, and the skills required to cycle. We then reflect upon the utility of practice theory in understanding the patterns of everyday life, finding it was particularly well suited in understanding the interactions between different factors which influence modal choice. We go on to identify practical challenges in its application within our analysis raising questions around an inconsistent analysis of influential factors including ‘driver behavior’ and ‘political commitment’. We suggest how this might be overcome, through the isolation of such factors within a category of ‘action of others’, this we argue means the findings in this paper have broad relevance to researchers and policy-makers alike.

How task-unrelated and freely moving thought relate to affect: Evidence for dissociable patterns in everyday life.

Much of our knowledge about the correlates of mind-wandering comes from assessing task-unrelated thought. Less is known about the correlates of freely moving thought, a dimension that assesses the degree to which thoughts arise and unfold with low levels of guidance or constraints. Task-unrelated thought is consistently associated with more negative affective valence compared with being on task; however, it is unclear whether freely moving thought shares the same relationship with affect. We conducted two ecological momentary assessment studies in the context of everyday life and found that the two dimensions have different affective correlates. In Study 1, task-unrelated thought was associated with less positive concurrent valence than being on-task. However, freely moving thought was associated with more positive concurrent valence and was predictive of more positive valence at a subsequent timepoint. Freely moving thought, but not task-unrelated thought, also positively predicted concurrent arousal. Computational sentiment analyses of participants' thought descriptions offered convergent evidence of differential relationships between the two thought dimensions and affect. Study 2 used different measurement scales to assess whether (a) the pattern of findings replicated and (b) if the effects were robust to changes in measurement. The main findings were replicated: task-unrelated thought was negatively associated with concurrent valence, whereas freely moving thought was positively associated with concurrent valence. However, freely moving thought did not predict subsequent valence and was not related to concurrent arousal. The most robust findings related to concurrent valence. Although mind-wandering has acquired a relatively negative reputation to date, our findings suggest that there might be positive aspects that remain unexplored. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

From the barbecue to the sauna: A comparative account of the folding of media reception into the everyday life

How and why do people still get print newspapers in an era dominated by mobile and social media communication? In this article, we answer this question about the permanence of traditional media in a digital media ecosystem by analyzing 488 semi-structured interviews conducted in Argentina, Finland, Israel, Japan, and the United States. We focus on three mechanisms of media reception: access, sociality, and ritualization. Our findings show that these mechanisms are decisively shaped by patterns of everyday life that are not captured by the scholarly foci on either content- or technology-influences on media use. Thus, we argue that a non-media centric approach improves descriptive fit and adds heuristic power by bringing a wider lens into crucial mechanisms of media reception in ways that expand the conceptual toolkit that scholars can utilize to analyze the role of media in everyday life.

Supplemental Material for How Task-Unrelated and Freely Moving Thought Relate to Affect: Evidence for Dissociable Patterns in Everyday Life

Supplemental Material for How Task-Unrelated and Freely Moving Thought Relate to Affect: Evidence for Dissociable Patterns in Everyday Life

Body, Atmosphere, and Climatic Typology: toward an Architecture for Everyday Life

During the last two decades, in the context of a growing awareness of the environment and climate change, architecture has explored the design opportunities opened up by the fields of thermodynamics and ecology. Focusing on the quantitative and performance-oriented approaches that have prevailed in recent years, architecture has explored new design potentials. However, this new sensibility has been approached primarily from a technical point of view and has focused on quantifying the thermodynamic performance of buildings, overlooking the equally important cultural aspects of this endeavor. Apart from this quantitative and technical approach, architecture needs to have a qualitative outlook if it is to address the connections that exist between the local climate of a given place, the effect of the spatial and material particularities of architecture on interior atmospheres, and the everyday lifestyles of its users. Contrary to the parametric approaches that have dominated thermodynamic architecture during the last decade, climatic typologies are a powerful tool in bridging the gulf that exists between a given local climate and specific everyday life patterns. Climatic typologies —both historical and contemporary— very explicitly show how architecture can determine the interaction between outdoor climate and the way people live and socialize, offering the opportunity to connect the spatial and material lineaments of architecture to the specific physiological and psychological behaviors of its users, bridging the gulf between the thermodynamic processes induced by architecture and the everyday behavior of its inhabitants. This essay presents the architectural ideas that ideologically ground the approach. Starting from human psychosomatic behavior and everyday behavioral situations, the essay will explore how climatic typologies, both historical and contemporary, offer disciplinary knowledge essentially to an understanding of the connections between architecture, climate, and living patterns. Mediating between the technical and the cultural, this essay seeks to redefine the idea of typology, conflating the formal and material structure of the architectural type, with the microclimates it elicits and the behavior of its users. Superseding performative determinism, it proposes an open interaction between architecture, atmosphere, and human body.