Patterns Of Adolescent Girls Research Articles

The Relationship of Hemoglobin Levels with Menstrual Patterns in Adolescent Girls at Surakarta

The Relationship of Hemoglobin Levels with Menstrual Patterns in Adolescent Girls at Surakarta

PENGARUH SEROTONIN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN MOOD PADA REMAJA WANITA PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME

A woman's regular monthly menstruation is positive indicator of health. However, majority of women have negative effects from symptoms arising during the second half of the menstrual cycle. This study aims to determine the effect of serotonin on mood changes in adolescent girls suffering from PMS and who don't. This research was conducted in April-July 2023 at Darul Arqam in Makassar. The research used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 48 young women consisting of two groups, 24 groups with PMS and 24 without PMS, selected using purposive sampling. Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis analyses were used to examine the effect of serotonin on changes in mood and menstrual patterns in adolescent girls with and without PMS. The finding showed that there were differences in serotonin levels between groups of women who experienced PMS and those who did not experience PMS, with a value of p=0.012 p<α=0.05. The findings showed an influence of serotonin levels in the group of women who experienced PMS on mood changes (p = 0.001). In the group of women who did not experience PMS, serotonin levels did not influence mood changes (p = 0.875). Serotonin influences mood changes in women who experience PMS. However, serotonin does not have positive or negative effects on women who have not experienced PMS. There are differences in serotonin levels between women who experience PMS and those who don't. This study recommends to explore alternative treatment options for managing PMS symptoms that do not rely solely on serotonin regulation.

Perceived Barriers and Needs of Dietary Macro Nutrient Intake in Adolescent Schoolgirls in Small Island

Adolescence is an important period of rapid change in biological, psychosocial and cognitive growth and development marked by significant increases in nutrition and energy needs. The study aimed to explore perceived barriers and needs regarding dietary macronutrient intake in adolescent girls in Barrang Lompo Island in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The qualitative design drew on constructs from social cognitive theory. The sample consisted of 18 adolescent girls and their mothers from grades 8 to 11 whose dietary macronutrient intake was less than the recommended dietary allowance. A semi-structured interview protocol was used to explore perceived barriers and needs regarding dietary macronutrient intake, and the data were subjected to thematic analysis and analytic generalization. To ensure adequate dietary intake, adolescent girls need support from family and friends and access to preferred foods. Barriers include laziness about eating key foods, feelings of fullness due to snacking, addiction to cellphones, and lack of raw foodstuffs for making their favorite dishes. Social cognitive theory used to identify needs and barriers showed environmental and individual factors from adolescents play important role in appropriate food consumption in teenage girls. The findings may help to improve future interventions to enhance dietary patterns in adolescent girls who live in small island.

English

English

A Cross-Sectional Study on Menstrual Pattern among Adolescent Girls in Aligarh

Background: Adolescents (10-19 years) constitute 21.3% of total population of India. Major biological milestone in this period is the beginning of menstruation The menstrual cycle are characterized by variability in volume, pattern and regularity. There are few research on menstrual pattern of adolescent girls. Hence this study will highlight the menstrual pattern and factors affecting it.
 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in schools under Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh was undertaken. A total of 422 girls were taken by systematic random sampling with probability proportionate to size. Data was analysed statistically by bivariate analysis and multivariate (binary) logistic model by backward LR method using SPSS Version 20.
 Results: 39.1% of girls experienced irregular cycle. Heavy bleeding was reported by 25.6% girls and 18.7% had scanty bleeding. Irregular cycle was 4.25 times in underweight and 2.19 times in overweight/obese compared to normal body mass index. There was 46% reduction in irregular cycle for those who attained menarche for more than 2 years.
 Conclusion: There are many host factors which influence menstrual pattern in girls. These factors increases the girls risk for various reproductive disorders in future.

Developmental patterns of sexual identity, romantic attraction, and sexual behavior among adolescents over three years

IntroductionAdolescents are heterogeneous in how they define and experience their sexual orientation, which can include specific identity labels, romantic attractions, and other- and/or same-sex sexual behavior. These three components of sexual orientation are not always concordant, and studies suggest adolescents—particularly girls—are fluid in these dimensions of orientation over time. The current study examined: 1) fluidity in adolescent girls' and boys' self-labeled identities and romantic attractions over time, and 2) patterns of adolescent girls' and boys’ self-labeled identities and romantic attractions as they coincide with sexual behavior. MethodsSurveys were administered to adolescents in three low-income high schools in the rural Southeastern U.S. at three yearly intervals (n = 744; Mage = 15.0; 54.3% girls; 48% White, 24% Hispanic/Latinx, 21% Black/African American). Participants reported their self-labeled sexual identity and romantic attraction at each time point and their lifetime sexual behavior with girls and boys at year 3. ResultsResults revealed 26% of girls and 11% of boys reported fluidity in identity and 31% of girls and 10% of boys reported fluidity in attractions. At each time point, up to 20% of girls and 6% of boys reported a sexual minority identity label with concurrent same-sex attraction; the majority of these participants also reported same-sex behavior. Among heterosexual-identified participants reporting some degree of same-sex attraction at year 3, approximately 66% of girls and 10% of boys reported same-sex behavior. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that many adolescents are nuanced and dynamic in how they identify and experience their developing sexualities.

Anemia is associated with cognitive impairment in adolescent girls: A cross-sectional survey

Anemia is associated with impairment in oxygen transport, affecting an individual’s physical and mental wellbeing, and work performance. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of anemia and its possible association with serum antibody titers to Hsp27 (as an indicator of cellular stress), cognitive function, measures of emotion, and sleep patterns in adolescent girls. A total of 940 adolescent girls were assessed to evaluate neuropsychological function with validated questionnaires. A complete blood count was determined as part of the assessment of hematological parameters. Serum anti-Hsp27 was measured for each subject. Among the total of 940 participants, 99 girls (10.5%) were anemic [hemoglobin <12(g/dL)]. Serum anti-HSP27 was significantly higher in anemic compared to healthy girls (p < 0.05). There was no significant differences in depression, aggression, insomnia, daytime sleepiness and sleep apnea score between two groups. However, the total cognitive abilities score was significantly lower in the anemic girls (76.8 ± 2.1 vs. 85.7 ± 2.5, p = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that anemic girls were 1.73 times more likely than nonanemic girls to have cognitive impairment (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07–2.78; P = 0.025). Anemia was associated with elevated levels of anti-HSP27 and supports the hypothesis that cellular stress may be associated with anemia. Anemia was adversely associated with an assessment of cognitive abilities and was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in this group.

Neuropsychological function in relation to dysmenorrhea in adolescents

ObjectiveHormonal variations during the menstrual cycle may affect emotional regulation. We aimed to investigate the association between dysmenorrhea (the severe abdominal pain and cramps associated with menstruation) and cognitive abilities, emotional function and sleep patterns in adolescent girls. Moreover, we evaluated the frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in our population and then divided them into 4 groups: subjects with only PMS; subjects with only dysmenorrhea; individuals with both PMS and dysmenorrhea and normal subjects. Study designIn this cross sectional study, 897 adolescent girls who had entered menarche were recruited. Of these, 35.9% had only dysmenorrhea, 14.9% had only PMS, 32.7% had both PMS and dysmenorrhea while 16.5% had no PMS and/or dysmenorrhea (Normal). We assessed the tests for cognitive, emotional function and sleep patterns were compared for these groups. ResultsIndividuals in the dysmenorrhea group had significantly higher depression, aggression, insomnia, daytime sleepiness and sleep apnea scores compared to normal controls and the PMS group, but did not have significantly different cognitive ability (P value <0.05). These differences were strongly correlated to pain intensity (P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences between those with only PMS and control subjects with regard to cognitive ability, emotional function and sleep pattern tests. ConclusionsDysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among adolescents and appears to be associated with depressive mood, a tendency to aggressive behavior and sleep disorders among adolescent girls.

Anthropometric evaluation of growth variation in urban dwelling female adolescent school children

Introduction: Growth studies among children are important in health planning and policy making, as it has been observed that the interaction between environmental and genetic constitution is manifested in physical growth. The aim of this work was to investigate the variation in growth patterns of adolescent girls from different socioeconomic status attending schools (a private and public schools) in urban Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was undertaken on 320 adolescent female schoolchildren in Lagos, Nigeria. Six anthropometric measurements, such as weight, stature, sitting height, waist circumference, biacromial breadth, and biceps skinfold were taken into consideration observing ISAK protocol for measurement. Results: The results revealed that the private school girls had consistently higher values than the public school girls. Conclusion: This indicates that a consistent variation pattern in growth exists among the girls studied. Therefore there is need for adequate health monitoring during adolescence.

Study of menstrual patterns in adolescent girls with disabilities in a residential institution.

The gynecological health needs of girls with disabilities is an issue related to their rights as individuals. The objective of this study is to describe the menstrual pattern of girls with disabilities. A descriptive study was undertaken on thirty girls with different types of disabilities in a residential institution. The diagnosis, type of disability, secondary sexual characters, age at menarche, menstrual pattern and practice of menstrual hygiene was noted. The girls with intellectual disabilities had later age of menarche, irregular cycles and more behaviour problems. The girls with hearing impairment and locomotor disabilities had normal menstrual pattern. The girl with low vision had earlier menarche and regularized cycles. Girls with normal intelligence and mild intellectual disabilities were independent in maintaining menstrual hygiene. The menstrual disorders are managed conservatively in accordance with latest guidelines. Onset of menarche is towards the extremes of normal age range in girls with intellectual disabilities or visual impairment but not in girls with hearing impairments or locomotor disabilities. Girls with disabilities have potential for independent menstrual care. Menstrual disorders were managed conservatively.

Father–Daughter Attachment and Communication in Depressed and Nondepressed Adolescent Girls

This study was designed to examine the nature of attachment and communication patterns in adolescent girls and their fathers, comparing girls with and without depression. Paternal and maternal psychopathology was also examined. Adolescent girls diagnosed with a depressive disorder (n = 51) and never-depressed adolescent girls (n = 65) and their fathers, completed semi-structured diagnostic interviews and measures of parent–adolescent attachment and communication. Mothers of all participating girls completed a diagnostic interview for mood disorders. Girls diagnosed with depression were more likely than their nondepressed counterparts to have fathers with diagnosable psychopathology or mothers with mood disorders. In addition, girls diagnosed with depression reported less perceived paternal warmth and more perceived overall rejection, less perceived paternal emotional availability, more negative affect about their fathers, lower attachment, and more problematic communication. Fathers of girls diagnosed with depression reported worse communication with their daughters than did fathers of nondepressed girls. Future research should explore the interplay of family psychopathology and relationship variables in the selection and implementation of individual and family interventions for depression.

A cross-sectional study on predictors and significance of eating behavior of adolescent girls

Adolescent growth and development depend on multifactorial correlates such as socioeconomic status, dietary intake, nutritional knowledge, and quality of the food with special reference to eating behavior. Undernutrition status of adolescent girls is associated with inferior health and risk of obstetric complications in future.A cross-sectional study was carried out on 576 girls to assess the nutritional status and nutritional knowledge of adolescent girls (10–19 years) residing in rural, urban, and slum localities of Lucknow, India. Nutrient intake and eating behavior were assessed by 24-hour dietary recall method and eating behavior schedule, respectively.The results revealed that the eating pattern of adolescent girls was significantly different in three locality living population. Significant difference in nutritional knowledge score was also observed in girls of three localities. Association of eating with family and eating pattern was found to be significant in all three groups. Stunting was found significantly associated with eating behavior of the girls. Nutritional knowledge and eating behavior were significantly affected by each other; therefore, it can be concluded that eating behavior is associated with nutritional status and nutritional knowledge.

Dietary patterns of adolescent girls attending schools in low-income communities highlight inadequate consumption of core food groups

Dietary patterns of adolescent girls attending schools in low-income communities highlight inadequate consumption of core food groups

Migraine in Women

This article discusses hormonal milestones and the influence that hormonal fluctuations make in the frequency and severity of migraine in women and includes information on acute, short-term, and preventive strategies for hormonally influenced migraine and the situations in which hormonal therapies may be offered. Genomic patterns in adolescent girls differentiate between menstrually related migraine and non-menstrually related migraine. The age at initiation of estrogen replacement therapy appears to be significant with respect to stroke. No increase in stroke occurred in women on low-dose (50 µg or less) transdermal estrogen replacement compared to women not using estrogen replacement. Childhood maltreatment is more common in women with migraine and depression than in women with migraine alone. Management of hormonally influenced migraine involves a clear identification of the relationship between migraine and hormone change. A thorough history and detailed diary are critical in identifying this relationship and in predicting response or following response to hormonal therapies. The evolution of migraine in an individual may be strongly driven by hormonal shifts. Although limited, clinical evidence suggests that oral contraceptive use in young women with episodic migraine may transform their pattern into chronic migraine. Thus, particular attention to changes in migraine patterns following either endogenous or exogenous hormonal changes is crucial. Providing reassurance and education that migraine is a biological disorder and providing an understanding of the role of estrogen in the frequency and severity of migraine can guide treatment choices. Pharmacologic treatments include acute therapy, with short-term and standard prevention offered where appropriate. Hormonal therapies are not first-line therapies but may be important choices for a woman with migraine whose estrogen fluctuation is continually exacerbating migraine attacks. Given the many hormonal stages during the life of a woman with migraine, therapies may vary according to hormonal stage and status. Overall wellness should also be emphasized; regular exercise, balanced diet, smoking cessation, weight control, and sleep hygiene are important in the management of migraine.

Patterning of Affective Responses During a Graded Exercise Test in Children and Adolescents

Past studies have shown the patterning of affective responses during a graded exercise test (GXT) in adult and male adolescent populations, but none have explored the patterns in adolescent girls or younger children. This study explored the patterning of affective responses during a GXT in adolescents and younger children. Forty-nine children (21 male and 28 female) aged between 8-14 years (10.8 ± 1.8 years) completed a GXT. Ventilatory threshold (VT) was identified. At the end of each incremental step, participants reported affective valence. Results revealed that affective valence assessed by the Feeling Scale (FS) significantly declined from the onset of exercise until the point of VT in the younger children, but remained relatively stable in the adolescents. Exercise above the VT brought about significant declines in affective valence regardless of age or sex, but the decrease was significantly greater in adolescents. Results suggest it may be preferable to prescribe lower exercise intensities (below VT) for children, compared with adolescents, to ensure a positive affective response.

Assessment of nutrition status and pulse consumption patterns in adolescent girls from Huletegna Choroko Keble, Halaba Special Woreda ‐ Southern Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, adolescents have the lowest mortality, and, therefore, are of low priority for nutrition interventions. However, the prevalence of malnutrition and anemia remains high in adolescent girls. Pulse crops are important in Ethiopiaˈs small landholders’ agriculture practices offering enhanced food security. Using a cross‐sectional design, our IDRC‐CIDA community based study assessed the nutrition status, pulse consumption patterns, indigenous knowledge, and food security among adolescent girls (n=188, 15–19 y). The prevalence of stunting and underweight were 31% and 30%, respectively. The intakes of energy, calcium, vitamin C and zinc were 70%, 13%, 5% and 65% of requirements, respectively. From pulse foods, lentils (85%) haricot bean (59%), peas (51%), faba bean (36%) and chick pea (29%) were consumed once or more than once per day. The nutrient contribution of pulses for iron, protein, zinc and fiber was 10%, 20%, 80% and 18% respectively. For household food security, 13% were secure, 17% were mildly insecure, 54% were moderately insecure and the remaining 16% severely insecure. Girls were shorter than the 2007 WHO standards and the diets were grossly deficient in energy and other nutrients; yet, pulse foods offered a significant contribution to nutrient intake. The dietary practices, particularly the girls’ avoidance of milk and yogurt, contribute to the nutrient deficiencies. Programs to support adequate nutrition for adolescents would provide for a healthy transition to adulthood and be a step towards breaking the cycle of intergenerational malnutrition.

Physical workload and risk of low back pain in adolescence

ObjectivesTo evaluate the role of physical workload in low back pain (LBP) among adolescents.MethodsWorking history and physical workload factors at 18 years were assessed for 1984 members of the Northern...

The impact of vegetable intake on food diversity and dietary adequacy of obese adolescent girls

Adolescence is the critical period of hormonal changes and rapid growth which demands balanced intake of nutrients. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between obesity and dietary patterns in adolescent girls, mainly focusing on the impact of vegetable intake level on improving the quality of their diet. The subjects were 306 female high school students (normal 180, obese 126) from low income families. Dietary intakes were measured by 24‐hour recall method. We classified the subjects into high and low vegetable intake group from their vegetable intake data. The extent of dietary adequacy was evaluated by the estimated average requirement (EAR) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR). Food diversity was compared by dietary variety score (DVS). Average intake of Ca, Folate, vitamin C and riboflavin were below the level of EAR in all subjects. Higher risk of nutritional inadequacy was observed among obese girls compared to normal girls. Significantly higher intake of meat and fish group and higher DVS were observed for subjects with high vegetable intake. It appeared that adolescent female students with high vegetable intake had better dietary quality and nutritional status. These results suggest that acquiring sufficient intake of vegetables would be the most essential step in improving the nutritional adequacy of obese adolescent girls. Supported by KRF # ‐2007‐531‐C00065.

Time Use Pattern of Adolescent Girls in Gujjar Community

Time use pattern of 30 adolescent girls in the age group of 12-15 years in Gujjar community was studied with the help of interview schedule and observation. The result revealed that adolescent Gujjar girls start doing work both indoor and outdoor after the age of 5 years. About 5 hours and 55 minutes were consumed in indoor household activities which includes cooking serving cleaning washing of clothes and utensils and about 6 hours and 16 minutes were consumed in outdoor household activities which were milking grazing fodder cutting collection and making of cow dung cakes and washing of animals whereas they were able to spend only 1 hour and 40 minutes for rest and they have to manage their time for sibling care and self care from this rest period only. (authors)

Eating patterns of adolescent girls with Subclintcal eating disorders.

Problem dietary patterns in adolescent girls could lead to poor nutrient intake and subsequent adverse health effects. Little is known about actual food intake patterns of those with subclinical eating disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine relationships between food intake patterns of adolescent girls and indicators of problem eating behaviors. Nine hundred eighty adolescent girls (X age= 14.1 ± 3.8yrs) completed a short version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26, Garner and Garfinkel, 1980). Scores were classified as High EAT (n=261), indicating problem eating behavior if ⩾ 65 percentile, or Low EAT (n=283) if ⩽ 35 percentile. Self recorded food intake for one day was coded based on frequency of intake of foods. A principal components analysis using a varimax rotation was performed to identify food patterns. Six components were retained, accounting for 29.4% of the variance of the original correlation matrix. They were described as Factor 1 - Meat/ potato (Traditional dinner); Factor 2 -Chicken/fish vegetable meal (Healthy dinner); Factor 3- Sandwich/soft drink/dessert (Lunch); Factor 4 - Diet soda/ snacks; Factor 5 - Pnut butter/jelly/ice cream; Factor 6 Breakfast Foods. Food intake patterns between High EAT (H) and Low EAT (L) were compared using t-tests. After Bonferoni adjustment, groups differed significantly on Factor 2 (X±SD, L vs. H − 3.1±2.4 vs. 1.9±1.9, p< 001); Factor 3 (x±SD. L vs. H −1.6± 1.7 vs.1.1± 1.6, p<001), Factor 4 (x±SD. L vs. H − 1.4± 1.6 vs. 1.8 ± 2.1, p<005). High EAT reported eating dinners and lunches less frequently, and included fewer food items than Low EAT.CONCLUSION: Those with problem eating behaviors tend to have a pattern of snacking vs. eating a more typical sandwich lunch and “healthy” dinner as seen in those without problem eating. They include fewer items at meals and snacks, and eat less frequently.