Sustainable Development Pattern Research Articles

Spatial-temporal pattern of ecosystem services and sustainable development in representative mountainous cities: A case study of Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are essential measure for preserving the balance between human well-being and natural ecosystems. The benefit of preserving ecosystems health play a crucial role in promoting the SDGs by providing stable ecosystem services (ESs). However, the ecological health of mountainous cities is vulnerable, with relative low ecological resilience. To investigate the conflict between ecosystems and sustainable development, this study takes the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration as the study area. The major tasks and results in this study include: (1) using the entropy weighting method and the InVEST model, we combined remote sensing, geographic, and statistical data to quantify three types of SDGs (economic, social, environmental) and four ESs (water yield, soil conservation, habitat quality, carbon storage), and establish a localized sustainable development assessment framework that is applicable to the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration. The results show that from 2014 to 2020, the three types of SDGs exhibited an overall upward trend, with the lowest values occurring in 2016. The gap between different counties has narrowed, but significant regional differences still remain, indicating an unbalanced development status quo. Among the 142 counties, water yield and soil conservation values show a consistent downward trend but occupies significant interannual variations, while habitat quality and carbon storage values increases consistently each year. (2) using Spearman's nonparametric correlation analysis and multiscale geographically weighted regression model to explore the temporal variation and spatial heterogeneity of correlations between county ESs and SDGs. The results showed significant heterogeneity in the spatial trade-offs and synergies between ESs and SDGs, with two pairs of synergies weakening, seven pairs of trade-offs increasing, and the strongest negative correlation between Economic Sustainable Development Goals and habitat quality. (3) we applied the self-organizing mapping neural networks to analyze the spatial clustering characteristics of ESs-SDGs. Based on the spatial clustering effects, we divides the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration into four zones, and different zones have different levels of ESs and SDGs. The targeted strategies should be adopted according to local conditions. This work is of great practical importance in maintaining the stability and sustainable development of the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration ecosystem and provides a scientific reference for the optimal regulation of mountainous cities.

Historical characteristics and projection of global renewable energy consumption

Although renewable energy consumption (REC) is increasingly crucial for addressing climate change and existing literature focused on REC from various perspectives, the historical characteristics (i.e., convergence, inequality and driver) and prospective trajectory of REC are not well assessed especially at global scale, hindering the policy implications towards sustainable development. Therefore, the study presented an in-depth investigation on the historical characteristics above and projection of REC covering 39 countries over 1990–2020 using log t convergence model, Gini coefficient decomposition model, generalized Divisia index model and machine learning forecasting models, respectively. The results indicated that, first, historical tendency of global REC was recognized with two convergence clubs and divergent countries (the USA and China). Second, Gini coefficient of global REC is increasing where regional rank is the primary driver especially from the intra-inequality of non-OECD countries. Third, GDP seems to be the predominant drivers of the global REC, especially for most non-OECD countries. Forth, countries will make advancements in REC in the coming decades, with enduring trends. Consequently, collaborative efforts and concerted actions among nations in REC development are deemed essential to foster a more sustainable and equitable REC development pattern, contributing to the realization of sustainable development goals.

Evolution and zoning of the "production-living- ecological" spatial pattern in the coastal urban agglomeration of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang

Clarifying the spatial differentiation patterns and evolutionary characteristics of urban territories is the basis and prerequisite for enhancing regional spatial governance capacity and realizing sustainable urban development patterns. In order to make up for the inadequacy of the existing coastal urban agglomerations of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang in the exploration of regional evolutionary characteristics and zoning. Based on the theory of production-life-ecology space, the land use data from 2010 to 2020 are used to analyze the land space pattern and evolution characteristics of urban agglomeration by applying the methods of transfer matrix, kernel density analysis, and comparative advantage index. The results show that: (1) the ecological space continued to decrease and the area of production space and ecological space continued to increase. (2) The high-value areas of production space show multinuclear diffusion, the high-value areas of ecological space are mainly distributed in a faceted manner, and the living space are distributed in a band along the coastline. (3) The entire urban agglomeration was categorized into six types of land function zones based on the comparative advantage indices of the three spaces at the county scale.

The impact of local government bonds on land-leasing behaviours and the economic consequences: evidence from the self-issuance reforms in China

ABSTRACT Under the 1995 Budget Law, land finance, rather than local government bonds (LGBs), played a critical role in bridging fiscal gaps for Chinese local governments. This paper examines the impact of the self-issuance (SI) reform of LGBs from 2011 on land leasing using county-level data from 2000 to 2019 combined with land parcel data and business registration databases of China. Findings reveal that, firstly, SI reforms initially reduce land leasing but increase it by 24.86% three years later, with a preference for commercial and residential land. Reforms also raise commercial and residential land leasing prices by 14.22% and do not compel lower prices for industrial land. Secondly, based on repayment obligations, the self-issuance and central-government-repayment (SICGR) mode alleviates fiscal pressure, favouring commercial and residential land leasing, while the self-issuance and self-repayment (SISR) pattern enhances fiscal sustainability and leads to more industrial land leasing. Thirdly, mechanism analysis suggests that SI reforms increase debt burden and decrease fiscal self-sufficiency, primarily through land tender, auction, and listing mechanisms, resulting in unbalanced regional development. This research highlights the need for sustainable development patterns under the New Budget Law of 2015, balancing fiscal revenues, the land market, and local government debts.

Does urban sprawl lead to carbon emission growth? ——Empirical evidence based on the perspective of local land transfer in China

The rapid expansion of urban areas has caused a series of impacts on the ecological environment. Exploring the effects of urban sprawl on carbon emissions and its mechanisms is crucial for realizing sustainable development patterns and low-carbon city planning. This study integrates used nighttime light data and population grid data to construct an Urban Sprawl Index. It employs a spatial Durbin model to analyze the spatial impact of urban sprawl on carbon emissions, examining the mechanisms from the perspective of local land transfers. The research reveals the following findings: (1) Urban sprawl significantly contributes to a positive spatial spillover effect on carbon emissions, leading to increased emission levels in surrounding cities. (2) The overall local impact of urban sprawl on urban areas is not significant. It suppresses carbon emissions in municipal districts but increases them in counties, with these effects counterbalancing each other. (3) Mechanism analysis indicates that different types of land transfers have varied effects on carbon emissions in districts and counties, and the regulation of the floor area ratio regulation strengthens the impact of land transfers. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the size of urban populations significantly reduces the local effects of sprawl on carbon emissions, while environmental regulations strength attenuate the impact of urban sprawl on carbon emissions in municipal districts. The findings of this study provide practical references and policy implications for formulating reasonable urban development and land use plans, facilitating the achievement of peak carbon and carbon neutrality goals.

Construction and evolutionary pattern of the coupling relationship network of regional sustainable development in China

Climate change poses a serious threat to the survival and development of humankind. Accordingly, sustainable socioeconomic transformation has become a major global concern. This study quantitatively assesses the process and speed of regional-level sustainable development in China, as well as the degree of coupling and the degree of coupling coordination among Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To this end, based on regional development and data monitoring in China, we construct a regional sustainable development assessment system containing 111 indicators, which combines existing sustainable development assessment indicators with the indicators of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. On that basis, using network topology construction and modal transformation, we propose a framework for analyzing the coupling relationships and evolutionary patterns of regional sustainable development. The study found that the score for SDGs at the national level increased from 50.80 in 2010 to 60.86 in 2020, showing a good development trend and the differences between provinces and regions was gradually reduced. The development speed of regional sustainable transformation shows a change from decreasing to increasing. In recent years, there is a significant change in the acceleration of regional sustainable development in China, with the vast majority of provinces having positive acceleration and only three provinces having negative acceleration. China's regional sustainable development shows that mutual coordination and promotion among provinces was higher in the eastern area than in the central region, which was higher than in the western area. The sustainable processes of each region and the coordination of sustainable development steadily increased toward a high level of coupling, all achieving coordinated development. The degree of coupling coordination and the SDG scores in each region were positively correlated with economic development, reflecting the role of economic development in the promotion of sustainability. However, this positive correlation showed a tendency of strengthening and then weakening. The correlation of the evolution patterns in the eastern–central, eastern–western, and central–western regions over time presented a trend of first weakening, then strengthening, and then weakening. Although the process of promoting sustainable development in western and central regions over time is weak synergistic consistency with that in eastern regions, overall, China's regional sustainable development presents a development model of multi-province linkage and multi-goal coordination.

Exploration on sustainable new infrastructure green development pattern: coupling coordination measurement and evaluation of China'snNew infrastructure investment intensity and green technology innovation

Exploration on sustainable new infrastructure green development pattern: coupling coordination measurement and evaluation of China'snNew infrastructure investment intensity and green technology innovation

Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Pattern and Convergence Characteristics of High-Quality Sustainable Economic Development of Urban Agglomeration

Based on the sample data of 149 cities in ten major urban agglomerations from 2004 to 2019, the entropy method, Dagum Gini coefficient, and three-dimensional kernel density estimation method are used to calculate and describe the spatial pattern of the high-quality, sustainable economic development of these ten major urban agglomerations. We then use the spatial econometric model to estimate the β convergence trend within the urban agglomerations and among the urban agglomerations at different levels. Our main findings include the following: First, the urban agglomeration tends to develop a high-quality economy, but the gap between the urban agglomerations can be large. Second, although the gap within the overall group of urban agglomerations is expanding, the gap between high-quality individuals and the average is constantly shrinking; the gap between groups is still the leading cause of the spatial gap, with a contribution rate of 70.51%. Third, all urban agglomerations have an absolute and conditional β convergence trend, and the convergence speed presents the characteristics of “high level slow, low level fast”. Government intervention, financial development, urbanization, and human capital contribute to the high-quality, sustainable economic development of each urban agglomeration. There is a heterogeneous influence; there is also absolute and conditional β convergence among urban agglomerations at all levels, and the convergence rate presents a gradient characteristic of “third level > second level > first level”, and by balancing the financial relationships between city groups within each level, development differences can promote the dynamic coordination of high-quality, sustainable economic development rates.

Poverty and Deprivation Problems in Post-Revolutionary Iran

: This article examines both the positive and negative aspects of the performance of various governmental poverty elimination institutions and organizations during forty years of the Islamic Republic (1980–2020). Statistics and data show that after the 1979 Islamic Revolution, primarily due to the subsidy for essential goods and the support system based on cash subsidies, extreme poverty decreased dramatically. However, the persistence of relative poverty in society continues to be noticeable, primarily due, after 2010, to international sanctions–and their economic impact–imposed on Iran over its nuclear program. In general, the negative economic factors have reduced the effect of poverty alleviation plans. In addition, weakness in policy coordination among different institutions and programs of poverty eradication and no political will to eliminate the causes of poverty by turning to a sustainable pattern of development also have contributed increasing poverty.

Sector-Specific Pathways to Sustainability: Unravelling the Most Promising Renewable Energy Options

Energy consumption across industries accounts for more than seventy-five per cent of total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union. Energy is a top priority for achieving climate goals and low greenhouse gas emission levels. The comparison of sustainable development patterns in renewable energy sources is carried out for all the different sectors analysed for the study, such as industry, services, agriculture, transport, and households. Specifically, researchers examined trends in each of these sectors. This study aims to create a model that combines qualitative and quantitative research approaches to obtain the most objective and descriptive data on RES technologies used in different sectors of the economy. According to the results, both solar energy and biomass have strong development potential overall, which is reflected in the higher average values of the overall results. This is also the case when looking at the impacts individually.

Analysis of sustainable transformation development patterns and heterogeneity of Chinese cities based on spatial general equilibrium model

Analysis of sustainable transformation development patterns and heterogeneity of Chinese cities based on spatial general equilibrium model

Can the ocean economy in Brazil become blue?

PurposeThis study aimed to identify the potential for economic activities related to the ocean economy in Brazil to become blue economy (BE) activities, in which the concept of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is central.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the aim, the authors collected information on the SDGs and estimated data from the ocean economy sectors for the 256 Brazilian coastal cities. The authors predicted the indices for potential development of territories and sectors in the BE using two parameters: employed persons (EP) and sectoral added value (AV).FindingsThe results show that the capitals of coastal states present the highest potential indices for the BE, especially Rio de Janeiro, which accounted for 83.3% of sectoral added value in the Brazilian ocean economy with potential for sustainable development and generated 107,800 active formal jobs (26.9% of the country's total). In addition, restaurants, hotels and similar establishments are, on the Brazilian coast, the most frequent on the coastal zone and have the highest potential for BE activities.Originality/valueRegarding its contributions, this research innovates by developing an indicator that can help stakeholders understand the similarities and differences between cities and regions, whether through a social, economic, or environmental lens. Therefore, by following this methodological path for measuring the BE, viewing the distinct patterns of sustainable development by area is possible, thereby supporting action plans for the fulfillment of the 2030 Agenda and the implementation of a marine spatial planning process for the country in the context of the Ocean Decade (2021–2030).Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2023-0112

Analysis of future nitrogen and phosphorus loading in watershed and the risk of lake blooms under the influence of complex factors: Implications for management

For the management of eutrophic lakes, watershed nitrogen and phosphorus control is oriented to future water quality. Assessing future nutrient dynamics and the risk of lake eutrophication is necessary. However, current assessments often lack integrated consideration of socioeconomic and climatic factors, which reduces the reference value of the results. In this study, a typical large shallow lake Chaohu, which is highly influenced by human activities, was selected as the study area, and the current and future total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loading in the basin were analysed using the improved MARINA model, and the risk of water bloom were assessed. The results showed that socioeconomic factors alone varied future TN and TP loading by −24% to 32% and −40% to 34%, respectively, under different development patterns. After considering the effect of increased precipitation, the changes of TN and TP loading became −10% to 163% and −29% to 108%, respectively. The effect on loading reduction under the sustainable development pattern was weakened (58% and 28% for TN and TP loading, respectively) and the increase in loading under the brutal development pattern was significantly amplified (409% and 215% for TN and TP loading, respectively). The adoption of active environmental policies remained an effective way of loading control. However, the risk of water bloom in local lake areas might persist due to factors such as urbanization. Timely and comprehensive assessments can provide managers with more information to identify key factors that contribute to the risk of water blooms and to develop diverse water quality improvement measures. The insights from our study are applicable to other watersheds around the world with similar socio-economic background and climatic conditions.

Configuring the Pattern of Sustainable Tourism Development as Affected by the Construction of a High-Speed Railway System

This study highlights the role of a high-speed railway system in driving the tourism industry, as the tourism market prepares to achieve sustainable development after the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the example of southwestern China, this study summarizes the configuration patterns of sustainable tourism development based on the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method, and subsequently uses the gravity model to express its core factor based on the ArcGIS platform. The study found that the tourism development pattern in this area was not homogenous, but rather a combination of six equivalent patterns (namely configured pattern). Tourism Economic Connection was the core variable to promote tourism development. Therefore, based on the configurational theory, each city should determine its own pattern and accordingly develop strengths as well as complement weaknesses. Furthermore, determined by the complexity theory, cities should capitalize on the strength of the high-speed railway system and learn from the accomplishments realized in other cities.

Women As Vanguard Of Environment: A Study Of Jamuna Tudu

Popularised in the early 1970s, discourse on the promotion and the protection of the environment, and the safeguard of mother earth is still a matter of serious concern for humanity. Throughout the world, politics of economic dominance and the struggle for power among nations are entangled with issues of environmental protection. Nations are withdrawing from acting on their commitment to environmental protection due to their self-interest. Hence, the objectives of the international community adopted in various conferences and conventions to restrict global average temperature well below 2ºC (preferably to 1.5ºC) above pre-industrial levels look like a distant dream. In the midst of such a crisis, the role of women in the promotion and protection of environment is worth mentioning. Numbers of conventions including the Beijing Platform for Action noted the role of women in sustainable development patterns and the need for participation in environmental decision makings. Agenda 21 (adopted in UNCED, 1992), emphasized global action for women towards sustainable development. This paper tries to study the involvement of women in the promotion and protection of the environment and thereby safeguarding mother earth. This paper also explores the efforts of Padma Shri Jamina Tudu, popularly known as Lady Tarzan, for the protection of environment in the state of Jharkhand.

Strengthening grassland carbon source and sink management to enhance its contribution to regional carbon neutrality

Grassland ecosystems are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems. It is of great significance to fully tap the potential of grassland carbon sinks to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the region and even worldwide. Previous studies have focused on analyzing the temporal and spatial distributions of grassland carbon sink capacity and lacked a systematic discussion of grassland carbon source/sink management. Taking three grasslands in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China as an example, this study characterized grassland carbon source/sink capacity through net ecosystem productivity (NEP), combined with a soil respiration model, Sen + MK (Mann-Kendall) trend test method and other methods, revealed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of NEP and carbon emissions (CEs) in the study area from 2000 to 2019, and used spatiotemporal and geographical weighted regression (GTWR) model to clarify the potential mechanism of grassland sink increase. Suggestions for grassland carbon source/sink management are also discussed. The study found that the CEs in the study area from 2000 to 2019 could be roughly divided into three stages: slow growth period (2000–2009), rapid growth period (2009–2011) and stable development period (2011–2019). Although grassland carbon sinks could not completely offset regional CEs, grassland ecosystems had a very large carbon sink potential, which could make important contributions to the realization of regional carbon neutrality goals. Grassland carbon sources/sinks were jointly affected by climate change and human activities, and the degree of impact varied from year to year, with the impact of human activities changing more significantly. On this basis, the study puts forward policy recommendations from four aspects: regional priority, dynamic monitoring and management, control of grazing intensity and implementation of ecological compensation, and it proposed a sustainable development pattern of “carbon trading-ecological compensation-grassland sink increase”. The research results have important practical guiding significance for the management of grassland sink increases and regional carbon neutral development strategies in Inner Mongolia under the background of climate change.

Analysis of Inequality Levels of Industrial Development in Rural Areas through Inequality Indices and Spatial Autocorrelation

To achieve a balanced and sustainable rural development pattern, this study used the Theil index, Gini coefficient, and Spatial Autocorrelation method to analyze the inequality of industrial economic development between rural areas in South Korea. The results showed that considering the whole of South Korea, the inequality in industrial economic development level among rural areas was reasonably balanced, and the inequality level showed a trend of narrowing. Considering the first-level regions, the levels of inequality varied. The economic development level of the rural areas around the Capital Area and Metropolitan Cities was higher than that of other rural areas, and policies should be established to support the economic development of other rural areas.

The Regional Impact Mechanism of Green Finance on the Level of Sustainable Development--Based on the panel data of Chinese s from 2011 to 2020

With the deterioration of the global ecological environment, sustainability is gradually becoming the main theme of economic development. The promotion of green finance can help alleviate the contradiction between the environment and the economy and therefore enhance sustainable development. This paper selects panel data of each from 2011 to 2020 as the research object and explores the effects of green finance, technology development level, the urbanization process, marketization level, and economic openness on the level of sustainable development and the regional differences by using the combination weight measure, convergence test, K-means clustering, and panel data analysis. The empirical results show that the overall degree of differences in sustainable development levels among s and cities tends to decrease from 2011 to 2020. From the overall results, the positive development of green finance, technology development, urbanization, marketization, and economic openness all contribute to sustainable development; from the regional analysis results, except for the western region, the sustainable development patterns of s and cities are coordinated, and factors such as green finance still play a positive role in sustainable development. Finally, combined with the findings, this paper suggests that the relevant suggestions to achieve high-quality development nationwide.

ONLINE LEARNING MANAGEMENT AT SMA PGII 2 BANDUNG CITY

Through this research, it is possible to explore and analyze ICT managerial in SMA PGII 2 Bandung City, including policy, availability, utilization and development of ICT in the educational process. It is hoped that the excavation results and descriptions will provide benefits, both theoretically and practically. Theoretically the results of this study can become the basis for developing scientific insights related to ICT management in Islamic educational institutions; allows it to be used as one of the conceptual operationalization guidelines; theoretical study material to find patterns of sustainable ICT development. Practical Benefits, findings and studies can make a positive contribution to efforts to improve the quality of ICT management at SMA PGII 2 Bandung City which are still in need of improvement; can also be used as material for consideration in making institutional ICT development and utilization policies; It is hoped that it can also be a reference for other Islamic educational institutions that have similarities or the same Islamic vision and mission in the implementation of ICT management.

Untangling the Integral Impact of Land Use Change, Economic, Ecological and Social Factors on the Development of Burabay District (Kazakhstan) during the Period 1999–2021

Long-term spatiotemporal Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) analysis is an objective tool for assessing patterns of sustainable development (SD). The basic purpose of this research is to define the Driving Mechanisms (DM) and assess the trend of SD in the Burabay district (Kazakhstan), which includes a city, an agro-industrial complex, and a national natural park, based on the integrated use of spatiotemporal data (STD), economic, environmental, and social (EES) indicators. The research was performed on the GEE platform using Landsat and Random Forest. The DM were studied by Multiple Linear Regression and Principal Component Analysis. SD trend was assessed through sequential transformations, aggregations, and integrations of 36 original STD and EES indicators. The overall classification accuracy was 0.85–0.97. Over the past 23 years, pasture area has changed the most (−16.69%), followed by arable land (+14.72%), forest area increased slightly (+1.81%), and built-up land—only +0.16%. The DM of development of the AOI are mainly economic components. There has been a noticeable drop in the development growth of the study area in 2021, which is apparently a consequence of the COVID-19. The upshots of the research can serve as a foundation for evaluating SD and LULC policy.