Disturbed Sleep Patterns Research Articles

Dreadful Impact of Covid 19 and Disturbed Sleep Pattern of General Population and Health Care Workers Globally – A Review

COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the mental health of people causing psychological distress with problems such as emotional disturbance, stress, mood alterations, anger, depression, irritability, confusion, emotional exhaustion, emotional isolation, insecurity, social stigma, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and especially insomnia reported in almost all sectors and strata of the society globally. Sleep is a recuperative and regulatory physiological need, affecting the systems biology and human immune system. COVID 19 is documented to disrupt sleep in various ways which may affect the immunity and the response of the individuals. The articles were searched on various search engines such as Pub med, Google scholar, science direct and the mesh terms such as Covid19, sleep, their different combinations and permutations was also explored and found that sleep which is known as one among the Trayoupstambha in Ayurveda severely affected during covid pandemic.

Patterns of sleep disturbances across stages of cognitive decline.

The purpose of this study was to investigate insomnia symptoms and excessive sleep/sluggishness across stages of cognitive decline (cognitively normal [CN], Cognitively Impairment, Not Demented [CIND], dementia) in a large, racially/ethnically diverse sample of older adults (70+) in the US. We also examined whether sleep disturbances at baseline predicted conversion to CIND or dementia at follow-up. In this secondary analysis of the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS) supplement of the Health Retirement Study, we analyzed patterns of informant-reported insomnia and excessive sleep symptoms among three groups of older adults (n=846): CN, CIND, and dementia. CIND adults were significantly more likely to have informant-reported insomnia symptoms than those in the CN group (p=0.013). This was driven by a significant race/ethnicity-by-insomnia interaction with diagnostic status (p=0.029), such that CIND Black and Hispanic older adults had increased insomnia symptom rates compared to CN, whereas White adults had similar insomnia symptoms across diagnostic status. Across all racial/ethnic groups, the prevalence of excessive sleep symptoms increased stepwise from CN to CIND to dementia (p<0.001). Overall, insomnia symptoms at baseline predicted conversion from CN to CIND (p<0.001, OR=0.288; 95% CI: 0.143-0.580) at 4-year (approximate) follow-up; there was no relationship between baseline insomnia or excessive sleep/sluggishness symptoms and conversion from CIND to dementia. This study provides evidence for the increased risk of insomnia symptoms among Hispanic and Black older adults with CIND, and indicates that insomnia symptoms may be associated with increased risk for development of cognitive impairment.

Insomnia and sleep quality among older people residing in old age homes at Andhra Pradesh, India

BackgroundSleep problems are very common among elderly population. Moreover, people living in old age homes being deprived of the love of their families do not report impaired sleep patterns due to lack of knowledge or due to under recognition and under diagnosis by health care personnel. Early detection of poor sleep quality and disturbed sleep pattern among elderly can prevent or slow down the progression of morbidity and mortality and help them to have a good quality of life. ObjectiveTo assess the level of insomnia and sleep quality among older people living in select old age homes in the rural part of East Godavari District in Andhra Pradesh, India. MethodsThe study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. The convenience sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Two standardized instruments—the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)—were used to assess sleep difficulty and sleep quality, respectively. ResultsParticipants were 100 older adults (mean age: 70.50 ± 7.61 years; age range: 60–81 years). Sixty-seven participants reported highly impaired sleep patterns, indicated by a mean score of 16.42 (standard deviation [SD] = 03.67) out of 24 on the AIS. Further, 66 participants had very poor sleep quality, indicated by a mean score of 13.21 (SD = 02.16) out of 21 on the PSQI. There was a significant positive correlation between sleep patterns and sleep quality. The more severe the sleep impairment, the poorer the sleep quality (r = 0.8; t = 13.18). ConclusionThe majority of older participants presented with severe sleep pattern impairments and poor sleep quality. Sleeping medication was highly associated with poor sleep patterns. The severity of impaired sleep patterns was associated with poor sleep quality. In the future, studies should investigate appropriate interventions for older adults that involve exercise and yoga, as well as activities to foster their social relationships.

Edukasi tentang Teknik Pijat untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Haid

Introduction: The impact of menstrual pain on adolescent girls includes: disturbed comfort, decreased activity, disturbed sleep patterns, disturbed appetite, relationships Interpersonal problems, difficulty concentrating on work and study. Pain too affect the emotional status of feelings, irritability, depression and anxiety. The earliest changes that occur in adolescents are physical or biological development, one of them is a teenager starting to menstruate. Objective: students can use massage techniques to reduce menstrual pain when menstrual pain occurs. Method: The implementation method is by counseling. This community service activity starts with (1) preparation; This stage begins with a preliminary study that aims to explore the problem of menstrual pain in Diploma Midwifery study program students, determine target activities, and plan solutions to problems. Next, they asked permission from the Head of the Diploma Midwifery Study Program to conduct outreach to students, (2) implementation. The activities are adjusted to the student mentoring schedule, (3) reporting, at this stage the team reports the results of the activities that have been carried out to the Head of Diploma Midwifery Study Program. Result: the results of community service found that after attending counseling on massage techniques for reducing menstrual pain, students were able to apply techniques that were late in practice, although some massage techniques had to be assisted by others. After students know about massage techniques to reduce menstrual pain, some students rarely experience menstrual pain during menstruation. Conclusion: from the results of community service about massage techniques to reduce menstrual pain, it can be concluded that there is a decrease in menstrual pain after massage techniques are carried out to reduce menstrual pain.

Lifestyle Factors and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Cross-sectional Study

Background and Objectives: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition characterized by heartburn and acid regurgitation without signs of oesophagal mucosal injury on one hand, and erosive oesophagitis and Barrett's oesophagus consequences like oesophagal cancer on the other. The aim of this study was to explore the involvement of different lifestyle-related factors in the aetiology of symptomatic GERD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 79 patients (28 men and 51 women) aged be-tween 20-68 years old were recruited randomly through a direct interview between January to October 2021, and they were prescribed Proton Pump Inhibitors. Prior to starting this study, the approvals had been granted by the ethics committee and oral consent was gained from the participants. A questionnaire was designed and consisted of demographic and clinical characteristics regarding GERD. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 for describing frequencies and percentages, followed by Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests as inferential statistical analysis for finding associations between variables. Results: Among the total of 79 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, the findings indicated that more than half of the study sample (58.2%) were overweight and obese (26.6% and 31.6% respectively), and the heavy smokers made the highest percentage among smokers (19%). There was a statistically significant association between gender and smoking and BMI among GERD patients (P-value = 0.001 and &lt; 0.001 respectively). There was a very highly significant association between BMI and heartburn and nausea and vomiting (P-value = 0.001 for both), while there was a non-significant association between BMI and chest pain, cough, and sleep pattern disturbance (P-value = 0.324, 0.558, and 0.907 respectively). Conclusion: A higher BMI and smoking are associated with a higher likelihood of GERD symptoms

Expanding the genetics and phenotypic spectrum of Lysine-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C): a report of 13 novel variants.

Lysine-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C) has been identified as an important chromatin remodeling gene, contributing to X-linked neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The KDM5C gene, located in the Xp22 chromosomal region, encodes the H3K4me3-me2 eraser involved in neuronal plasticity and dendritic growth. Here we report 30 individuals carrying 13 novel and one previously identified KDM5C variants. Our cohort includes the first reported case of somatic mosaicism in a male carrying a KDM5C nucleotide substitution, and a dual molecular finding in a female carrying a homozygous truncating FUCA1 alteration together with a de novo KDM5C variant. With the use of next generation sequencing strategies, we detected 1 frameshift, 1 stop codon, 2 splice-site and 10 missense variants, which pathogenic role was carefully investigated by a thorough bioinformatic analysis. The pattern of X-chromosome inactivation was found to have an impact on KDM5C phenotypic expression in females of our cohort. The affected individuals of our case series manifested a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by psychomotor delay, intellectual disability with speech disorders, and behavioral features with particular disturbed sleep pattern; other observed clinical manifestations were short stature, obesity and hypertrichosis. Collectively, these findings expand the current knowledge about the pathogenic mechanisms leading to dysfunction of this important chromatin remodeling gene and contribute to a refinement of the KDM5C phenotypic spectrum.

Comparison of perceived general health status between suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 and identifying the nursing diagnoses: A cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to examine the differences in health status between patients with confirmed COVID-19 and those suspected (other diagnosis) and to identify nursing diagnoses using a structured checklist from a hospital in China. Cross-sectional study design was used. One hundred sixty COVID-19 confirmed, and suspected patients were conveniently selected. A structured survey and checklist were utilized. Independent t test and chi-square test were employed to compare the mean between patients with confirmed coronavirus infection and others. A two-sided p-value of .05 or less is considered statistically significant. The study yielded a response rate of 93.6%. The result indicated that patients with confirmed coronavirus infection have a higher proportion of perceived General Health Status than inpatients with suspected (other) diagnoses. The finding also indicated that ineffective airway clearance, hyperthermia, imbalanced nutrition less than body requirement and sleep pattern disturbance were the main nursing diagnoses identified.

EFFECT OF POLY-HERBAL MEDHYA RASAYANA DRUGS AND KANCHANAR GUGGULU IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM: A CASE STUDY

Hypothyroidism is a common disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. Females have to be more affected than males. The leading cause is physical and mental stress. Physical stress relates to lifestyles such as fast food, disturbed sleep patterns and environmental risk factors. Mental stress arises from work pressure, emotional weakness, and grief from disputes. The symptoms are quite variable depending on the severity of the hormone deficiency. Chronic fatigue, loss of appetite, weight gain, puffiness on the face, weakness and hoarseness of voice symptoms were found in this case study. In Investigation T3, T4 was found normal, and TSH was higher than the normal level. Ayurveda is vital in ruling out the underlying cause and treating it. In Ayurveda, it can be correlated with agnimandhya, kapha - vata vriddhi, pitta kshaya and rasavaha, medovaha and manovaha srotasa dushti. In this case study, the leading cause was stress in patients. Primary aim was to manage hypothyroidism with Ayurvedic medicines. The patient was treated with medhya rasayana drugs and kanchanar guggulu. The present study has focused effectiveness of polyherbal Ayurvedic therapy in hypothyroidism.

Health beliefs and coping strategies regarding premenstrual syndrome among health college students at Qassim University

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is considered as a cyclic late luteal phase disorder of the menstrual period in which affected women daily living activities and their quality of life which recognized as a series psychological and physical indicators such as grief, anxiety, psychological disturbances, decreased daily living activities, fatigue, altered dietary habits, and sleep pattern disturbances. Aim : to identify health beliefs and coping strategies regarding Premenstrual syndrome among health college students at Qassim University .Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive research design was used for carried out this study on Convenience sampling from all available students at the healthy colleges aged 18-25 years old from 2 nd to 4 th levels (239) female students from Medicine , Nursing , Pharmacy Applied medical sciences Medical rehabilitation and Dentistry at Qassim university . The data was collected by using 3 self-administered tools to collect data as follows ; First tool: includes socio-demographic data contained 11 questions ; Second tool: it measures the health beliefs of premenstrual syndrome contained 25 questions ; Third tool is to measures coping strategies for premenstrual syndrome it contained 33 questions.

THE APPLICATION OF SLEEP HYGIENE THERAPY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WITH SLEEP DISORDERS PROBLEMS IN SERENGAN VILLAGE

Sleep is a repetitive neurobehavioral state of relative perceptual detachment and is not responsive to the environment, accompanied by a reclining position, calm behavior and closed eyes, which are important for health (Buysse, 2014). Sleep quantity disturbance is the non- fulfillment of normal sleep duration, which can result from difficulty initiating sleep or inability to maintain sleep. Sleep quality disorders are sleep interruptions due to awakening when sleep is of short duration but with frequent and repeated frequency (Cortese, et al. 2014). Sleep hygiene therapy is the most effective non-pharmacological therapy to overcome sleep pattern disorders (Yaremchuk, 2018). The general purpose of this case is to provide "The Implementation of Sleep Hygien in Elementary School Age Children with Sleep Disorders Problems in Serengan Village". The research method of this case study is descriptive in the form of family nursing care to explore nursing care problems for healthy school-age children. The research subjects used in this study were 1 client of school- age children who were in 1 family. The conclusion of the results of the problem of sleep pattern disorders in elementary school-aged children before the application of sleep hygiene was that they experienced sleep pattern disturbances with a total of 7 hours, after sleep hygiene the amount of sleep was 9 hours. Problems that arise before being given sleep hygiene are disturbances in sleep patternsand knowledge about sleep and rest after sleep hygiene problems are resolved

Pain Experience After Caesarean Section: A Qualitative Study

Pain is a sensory experience that is most often felt by a person when experiencing an injury. Pain is classified as a positive sensory disturbance. In essence, pain cannot be interpreted and cannot be measured, but it cannot be denied that pain is an unpleasant feeling. Caesarean section surgery performed on the mother has a side effect of pain that occurs due to network connectivity and surgery. The purpose of this study was to describe the pain experience of patients after their caesarean section. In this study, three themes were obtained, namely: 1) pain experiences; 2) disturbed sleep patterns; and 3) causes of caesarean section. From this study it is hoped that mothers can share their experiences of pain.&#x0D; Keywords: pain, experience, caesarian section

Patterns of sleep disturbances and associations with depressive symptoms in autistic young adults.

Autistic individuals are at an increased risk for both sleep disturbances and depression. While studies in the general population and in autistic adults have drawn general links between sleep disturbances and mental health, few studies have examined the extent to which specific sleep problems may be implicated in the extremely high rates of depression among autistic adults. This study aimed to describe the patterns of sleep disturbances in autistic young adults, and their associations with depressive symptoms while controlling for relevant demographic factors. A sample of 304 legally independent adults (age 18-35 years old) with a childhood diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder self-reported on their average sleep behaviors during the past week and depressive symptoms on the Beck Depressive Inventory-II. A significant proportion (86.01%) of autistic young adults experienced at least one of the primary sleep disturbances of interest, including short total sleep time (39.59%), poor sleep efficiency (60.07%), and delayed sleep phase (36.18%). Additionally, lower sleep efficiency and delayed sleep phase were both associated with higher depressive symptoms. The associations between sleep and depressive symptoms identified in our study suggest that sleep treatments may hold potential for ameliorating depressive symptoms in autistic adults who also experience sleep problems. Further research using daily sleep diaries and objective measures of sleep behaviors, as well as longitudinal studies, are needed to understand how changes in sleep may relate to changes in depressive symptoms in autistic adults.

Sleep Problems in Children With Neurocutaneous Syndromes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: The prevalence and patterns of sleep disturbances in neurocutaneous syndromes are variable and understudied. Methods: Cross-sectional study for 18 months at a tertiary care pediatric hospital, involving 100 children with neurocutaneous syndromes aged between 4 and 10 years using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Abbreviated. Results: In 100 children with neurocutaneous syndromes, 47 (47%) had significant sleep problems. In subgroup analysis, 7 of 17 children with neurofibromatosis 1, 24 of 63 children with tuberous sclerosis complex, 10 of 12 children with Sturge-Weber syndrome, 2 of 3 children with linear nevus sebaceous syndrome, and each of the children with hypomelanosis of Ito, McCune-Albright syndrome, megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome, and unclassified neurocutaneous syndrome had significant sleep problems. Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep problems in our study population was not more than that observed in the general pediatric population. Prospective multicentric studies are needed to comprehend sleep problems in children with neurocutaneous syndromes.

Increase in Fear, Anxiety and Disturbed Sleep Pattern in Media Professionals of Chhattisgarh State in India During Pandemic of Covid-19

With Covid-19 pandemic spreading all over the world governments were forced to take drastic measures to stop the spread. The lockdown enforced was like a natural experiment. It caused severe problems to most of the population which went under the lockdown. Only people who were allowed to report for regular work were medical and media professionals. Huge amount of literature has been churned up highlighting work done, and problem faced by medical professionals. The plight of media professionals was mostly ignored by people undertaking this kind of research. A survey conducted only among the media professionals revealed that 86% of respondents faced increased level of anxiety while 48% suffered negative impact of sleep pattern due to lockdown. The survey also threw some positive aspects of lockdown as many media professionals used their time to learn new things. Overall, the impact of lockdown on media professionals was not positive which is like other group of professionals anywhere in the world.

Association Of Decreased Daily Physical Activities, Disturbed Sleep Pattern with Cervical Pain Among Young Adults

There is broad variety in the manner in which neck pain is defined. While examination when providing details for neck pain there are five key points which apparently represented: 1. the origin of issue and information; 2. the situation or testing outline; 3. the neck pain seriousness, also the outcomes; 4. the neck pain extent; 5. the example after some moments. Other evidence showed there is lacking in amount and quality of sleep results in musculoskeletal displacement by patho-physiologically. The pain occurrence and the progression include many environmental and social causes which is widespread. Objective: The purpose of this study was to find the association of decreased daily physical activities, disturbed sleep pattern with cervical pain among young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 90 persons presenting with cervical pain. Data was collected from students of University of Lahore. Non-probability Convenient Sampling Technique was used. Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire and The Sleep Revolution Sleep Quality Questionnaire by Arianna Huffington were used to collect data. Results: The total population was 90, which includes 33 males and 57 females with percentage 36.7% and 63.3% respectively. On pain scale to assess the cervical pain there were 43 (47.8%) persons with Mild pain, 37 (41.1%) having Moderate pain and 10 (11.1%) with severe pain. There were 58 (64.4%) persons are physically active even after cervical pain and 32(35.6%) physically not active. There were 3(3.3%) who have severed sleep problems, 16(17.8%) were with some sleep problems, 43(47.8%) having good sleep and 28(31.1%) sleep is in great shape. In this Study there was no association occurs between daily activities, sleep disturbance with cervical pain in overall results. Conclusion: In this study overall, there was no association occurred in persons who were having any sort of cervical pain with daily physical activities and sleep patterns disturbance. As some of the individual activities like daily working, house hold activities, driving is affected in some of the cases with cervical pain.

Meta-Analysis: Effects of Night Shift Work on Hypertension and Sleep Patterns in Factory Workers

Background: Night shift work has an impact on the health of factory workers. One of the impacts of night shift work is the risk of hypertension and disturbed sleep patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine how big the effect of night shift work on hypertension and sleep patterns in factory workers.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic study with the population: factory workers. Intervention: night shift work. Comparation: morning and afternoon shift work. Outcome: hypertension and sleep patterns. The article search process was carried out according to the PRISM Flow Diagram and searched through several indexes such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Schoolar, and Springer Link with the search keywords “Night Shift” AND “Hypertension” AND “Sleep” AND “Worker”. The articles used are articles from 2013-2022 and are written in English.Results: A total of 11 articles originating from the Asian continent (China, Indonesia, South Korea, Malaysia, and Japan) were considered suitable for meta-analysis. From the results of data analysis that has been carried out, it is known that factory workers who work night shifts have a risk of experiencing hypertension (aOR= 3.43; 95% CI= 2.48 to 4.72; p&lt;0.001), and disturbed sleep patterns (aOR= 3.63; 95% CI= 2.66 to 4.95; p&lt;0.001) compared with morning and afternoon shift workers and the results were statistically significant.Conclusion: Night shifts can increase the risk of hypertension and sleep disturbances in factory workers. Keywords: Night shift, hypertension, sleep pattern, factory worker Correspondence:Amanda Kesli Ramadhani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No.36, Kentingan, Jebres, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email. amandakesly@yahoo.com. Mobile: 085692832776.

Viscoelastic or Viscoplastic Glucose Theory (VGT #79): A Sensitivity Analysis on Selecting Normalization Baselines for 3 Viscosity Factors, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Sleep Scores, and Sleep Hours to Study a Single Symptom of HbA1C Versus 3 Measured Causes using 3 Domain Analyses of Time, Space, and Frequency Based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 669)

The author applied viscoelastic and viscoplastic theories (VGT) to conduct 78 sets of studies regarding single or multiple symptoms (strains ε) versus multiple causes (stresses σ) in the biomedical field with paper No. 578 beginning on 1/8/2022. In this article, he used 5,864 data of daily HbA1C (A1C), daily fasting plasma glucose (FPG), daily sleep scores, and daily seeping hours collected from a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor device and other health measuring devices, such as a Fitbit watch, Oura ring, and eclaireMD chronic software over ~7.5 years from 1/1/2015 to 5/15/2022. The reason FPG was chosen first as the major cause of A1C is that it reflects the health status of pancreatic beta cells that produce and release insulin to control glucose levels. Although PPG numerically contributes the bulk of daily average glucose, PPG’s biggest contribution is also from the quality and quantity of insulin. His daily sleep score is based on the following 16 different types of input items: • sleeping hours • wakeup times during sleep • annoying issues • degree of freshness &amp; restfulness • degree of wake-up headache • degree of night dreams • comfortable room temperature • degree of physical sickness • sleep pattern disturbance • itchy skin • numbness of hands or feet • hungry feeling during sleep • feeling sleepy at wakeup • leg muscle cramp • cold feeling of legs or feet • snoring during sleep

Cross talk mechanism of disturbed sleep patterns in neurological and psychological disorders

The incidence and prevalence of sleep disorders continue to increase in the elderly populace, particularly those suffering from neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. This not only affects the quality of life but also accelerates the progression of the disease. There are many reasons behind sleep disturbances in such patients, for instance, medication use, nocturia, obesity, environmental factors, nocturnal motor disturbances and depressive symptoms. This review focuses on the mechanism and effects of sleep dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Wherein we discuss disturbed circadian rhythm, signaling cascade and regulation of genes during sleep deprivation. Moreover, we explain the perturbation in brainwaves during disturbed sleep and the ocular perspective of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric manifestations in sleep disorders. Further, as the pharmacological approach is often futile and carries side effects, therefore, the non-pharmacological approach opens newer possibilities to treat these disorders and widens the landscape of treatment options for patients.

Digital Addiction and Sleep.

In 2020, the World Health Organization formally recognized addiction to digital technology (connected devices) as a worldwide problem, where excessive online activity and internet use lead to inability to manage time, energy, and attention during daytime and produce disturbed sleep patterns or insomnia during nighttime. Recent studies have shown that the problem has increased in magnitude worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which dysfunctional sleep is a consequence of altered motivation, memory function, mood, diet, and other lifestyle variables or results from excess of blue-light exposure when looking at digital device screens for long hours at day and night is one of many still unresolved questions. This article offers a narrative overview of some of the most recent literature on this topic. The analysis provided offers a conceptual basis for understanding digital addiction as one of the major reasons why people, and adolescents in particular, sleep less and less well in the digital age. It discusses definitions as well as mechanistic model accounts in context. Digital addiction is identified as functionally equivalent to all addictions, characterized by the compulsive, habitual, and uncontrolled use of digital devices and an excessively repeated engagement in a particular online behavior. Once the urge to be online has become uncontrollable, it is always accompanied by severe sleep loss, emotional distress, depression, and memory dysfunction. In extreme cases, it may lead to suicide. The syndrome has been linked to the known chronic effects of all drugs, producing disturbances in cellular and molecular mechanisms of the GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems. Dopamine and serotonin synaptic plasticity, essential for impulse control, memory, and sleep function, are measurably altered. The full spectrum of behavioral symptoms in digital addicts include eating disorders and withdrawal from outdoor and social life. Evidence pointing towards dysfunctional melatonin and vitamin D metabolism in digital addicts should be taken into account for carving out perspectives for treatment. The conclusions offer a holistic account for digital addiction, where sleep deficit is one of the key factors.

Sleep Disorders and Dual Disorders

IntroductionWhile it is well known that there is an interaction between sleep disorders and substance abuse, it is certainly more complex than was previously thought. The effects on sleep depend on the substance used, but it has been shown that both during use and in withdrawal periods consumers have various sleep problems, and basically more fragmented sleep. We know that sleep problems must be taken into account to prevent addiction relapses.ObjectivesTo explain the different sleep disorders caused by substances such as alcohol and cannabisMethodsAs an example of this, two cases are introduced: the first one, a 17-year-old boy, who is diagnosed with ADHD with daily cannabis use since the age of 14. As a result of reducing consumption, he presents an episode of sleep paralysis that he had not previously had. The second one is a 50-year-old man diagnosed with a personality disorder and with dependence on cannabis and alcohol for years. He currently has abstinence from alcohol for months and maintains daily cannabis use. However, he has long-standing sleep pattern disturbances and frequent depersonalization phenomena at night.ResultsAlcohol at low doses has no clear effects on sleep architecture. At higher doses it decreases sleep latency, as well as awakenings. In chronic alcoholic patients, a decrease in deep slow sleep, and more fragmented sleep have been found. Cannabis withdrawal reduces sleep quality, increases latency, and produces strange dreams.ConclusionsThere is a positive relationship both between having a substance use disorder and suffering from a sleep disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.