Housing Development Patterns Research Articles

Toward a more socially equitable stormwater management fee: The case of Corpus Christi in Texas, USA

This study evaluates a popular approach to assessing stormwater utility fees in the context of social equity. Analyses are based on comparing single-family land parcels in different neighborhoods of Corpus Christi, a U.S. city in the state of Texas that recently introduced a stormwater fee program. The stormwater fees are based on the same stormwater runoff factor for all single-family residential land parcels. We instead derive stormwater runoff estimates from parcel-scale impervious area measurements through the application of a machine-learning model to high-resolution remote sensing data. The difference between the official runoff factor and our estimate tends to be larger among land parcels in census tracts with proportionally more low-income and Hispanic households. This finding at odds with the ability-to-pay principle is attributable to the association of different neighborhoods’ sociodemographic compositions with their housing development patterns. Our work not only contributes to the design of a stormwater fee program that better characterizes the generation of stormwater runoff but it also helps city officials alleviate social inequity for homeowners in economically disadvantaged communities.

Investigating the Mechanism of the Effect of Nature-based Architectural Components on Residential Satisfaction

The development of multi-unit urban housing, especially in the metropolises of Iran, does not take into account the effects of cultural factors on the perceived quality of housing architecture. Since the community is diverse in metropolises, especially on a sub-culture scale, it is impossible to provide housing development strategies and practical actions concerning the factors related to this scale of culture. The compatibility of lifestyle at the national or structural level with housing can be considered a general strategy to solve this problem. Based on the position of nature in the foundations of the Islamic lifestyle, it is possible to accommodate humans’ significant needs through inspiration from nature. This paper intends to investigate the mechanism of the effect of nature-based architectural components (NBAC) on residential satisfaction (RS) from the Islamic lifestyle perspective to apply the findings in architectural planning and programming processes. The results demonstrate that as adherence to the Islamic lifestyle increases, residential preferences related to the formal and semantic dimensions of NBAC also increase. Qualitative deficiencies in these components cause a decrease in perceived quality and, consequently, RS. Therefore, high residential preferences regarding semantic and formal components lead to the intensification of deficiencies in qualitative perception. In such conditions, a large part of the RS is due to residents’ adaptive behaviors. Therefore, measuring RS based on accommodating residential needs cannot be considered an objective criterion to determine housing architecture quality to test the fit of housing development patterns with residential needs. This proves the necessity for the measurement of the perceived quality of housing architecture based on the main influential factors involved, which are NBAC.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Perumahan Di Pinggiran Kota (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Boja, Kabupaten Kendal)

Population growth and the activities it carries out make the need for land increase, especially in the city center. Land in the city center which is increasingly limited and expensive is no longer able to be accessed by the community to support its activities so that these activities develop into suburban areas. Boja District is one of the suburban areas affected by the development of the City of Semarang, which is indicated by the growth of residential areas since 2010-2020. The purpose of this research is to find out what factors influence the development of suburban housing, Boja District, Kendal Regency. The analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive. Respondents are people who live in housing in the District of Boja. There are 9 variables used for factor analysis and 100 respondents to be surveyed. The research variables consist of livelihood, level of expenditure, length of stay, area of origin, number of family members, house prices, ease of buying a house, installment costs, and credit terms . This research is studied based on the pattern of housing development in suburban areas and the characteristics of housing residents. The results of this study are that there are 3 factors that influence housing development in Boja District, Kendal Regency, namely socio-economic factors consisting of level of expenditure, regional origin, length of stay and house prices, community consumption factors consisting of number of family members, installment costs and livelihoods, as well as risk factors consisting of the installment period and the ease of buying a house.

Land-Use Planning Approaches to Near-Campus Neighborhoods and Student Housing Development Patterns in Ontario, Canada

Student housing represents a contentious local policy issue in university cities in North America and beyond, related to both the conversion of existing housing to student rentals and the development of private purpose-built student accommodations. Yet little research has considered the variety of approaches municipalities across an urban system have adopted to address student housing issues through land-use planning and their subsequent influence on development patterns. Through an analysis of planning documents in all 15 Ontario urban areas with a primary campus of the province’s 20 public universities, we identify four broad approaches. These range from minimal intervention to covertly restricting student housing development, directing student housing away from established neighborhoods, and enabling high-density redevelopment of a residential district to accommodate students. Municipalities’ approaches reflect local context, notably their relationship to the province’s regional growth management plans. Case studies demonstrate how each approach has shaped purpose-built student accommodation development locally.

Building underwater: Effects of community-scale flood management on housing development

The Community Rating System (CRS) program was implemented by the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in 1990 as an optional program to encourage communities to voluntarily engage in flood mitigation initiatives. This paper uses national census tract-level data from 1990 to 2010 to estimate whether CRS participation affects housing development patterns. Our results show that participating in the CRS is associated with reduced rates of new housing construction and mobile homes in flood-prone areas. When we separate flood mitigation activities under the CRS program into information-based and regulation-based activities, we find that regulatory approaches are more effective than informational approaches. These results show a general pattern, nationwide and across decades, of community-scale flood management efforts deterring housing development in flood-prone areas.

Evaluating urban housing development patterns in developing countries: Case study of Worn-out Urban Fabrics in Iran

The restoration of Worn-out Urban Fabrics (WoUFs), i.e., the disfiguration of fabric components of the city from their main shape, and the implementation of the urban housing development plan have always been pivotal activities for designing livable cities – especially in developing countries. Prior research, however, did not identify an appropriate model of sustainable housing development for the recovery of WoUFs. To fill this gap, housing development patterns – i.e., supportive housing, Mehr housing, rental, and social housing – aimed at restoring the WoUF of the Hemmatabad district in Isfahan city (Iran) were studied. Expert opinions, on the criteria affecting the selection of housing development patterns, from 40 professionals in urban management and urban development models were collected and then analyzed by the Analytic Hierarchical Process and VIKOR method. It resulted that, in order to revive the WoUF of Hemmatabad, social housing is the more desirable pattern of housing development (Qi = 1) compared to supportive housing (Qi = 0.911), Mehr housing (Qi = 0.117) and rental housing (Qi = 0.004). Results help governments of developing countries in directing their effort in the decision of which housing development pattern for WoUFs to implement.

Allocation of Residential Areas in Smart Insular Communities

Smart cities and communities constitute urban environments where cities' potential, ICTs, and human capital are intelligently interconnected under the framework of sustainability. Citizens form a city's identity while ICTs support the smart management of citizens' needs. ‘Smart people' is among the main dimensions of a smart city, something that entails the active role of citizens during the development of infrastructures and decision-making processes. This paper focuses on the smart exploration of possible residential areas in the island of Mykonos (Greece). Emphasis is placed on the effective management of land, the protection of natural resources, and the establishment of a sustainable pattern of housing development. The problem is analysed with the support of a methodological approach that incorporates crowdsourcing, living labs, and participatory evaluation as the main components of its backbone. Geographical Information Systems and multi-criteria decision analysis are also utilized as an integrated Spatial Decision Support System.

Mexico’s housing crisis: vacancy, limited access & Deaf policy responses

ABSTRACT During the 2000s, millions of Mexicans acquired mortgages to buy homes in the fringes of cities throughout the country. Many such households have faced limited access to services, infrastructure and employment, and have seen their monthly mortgage payments increase while their debt remains virtually unchanged. In parallel, while about a third of Mexicans still live in poor housing conditions, numerous newly built developments have exhibited alarmingly high housing vacancy rates. Such coexistence of housing vacancy and shortages exposes considerable tensions in Mexican housing policy between the social and the economic values of housing. While previous analyses have centred on the financialization of housing policy in Mexico, this paper examines some of the local, political and socioeconomic implications of recent federal housing finance policy and urban development patterns, particularly as they relate to housing access and vacancy. Furthermore, this paper discusses the more recent evolution of Mexico’s housing and urban development policy, as well as the juxtaposition of the institutional and civic responses that have emerged to make front to previous financialization and housing development patterns and their implications.

Bilevel dynamic continuum model for housing allocation and transportation emission problems in an urban city

In this study, we examine housing allocation and transportation emission problems in an urban city. Housing development patterns have a significant influence on travel behavior and related transportation emissions. We consider a hypothetical city with one central business district in which the road network is assumed to be sufficiently dense to be viewed as a continuum. We establish a bilevel dynamic continuum model to describe the relationships among housing provision, the transportation system, and traffic-related emissions. In the lower-level subprogram, housing allocation is considered in a simultaneous departure time and route-choice dynamic traffic user equilibrium model, in which travelers choose routes and departure times that satisfy dynamic user-optimal principles. In the upper-level subprogram, the total emissions are minimized by optimizing the housing allocation. The finite-volume method, the projection method, the method of successive averages, and the Frank–Wolfe method are applied to solve the presented model based on unstructured meshes. A numerical experiment for an urban area with one central business district is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and the numerical algorithm.

The Impact of Peri-Urbanisation on Housing Development: Environmental Quality and Residents' Productivity in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos

This paper assesses the impact of peri-urbanisation on housing, environmental quality and residents’ socio-demography in Ibeju-Lekki peri-urban in Lagos, Nigeria. Primary data was collected through administration of 370 questionnaires to household heads in purposively selected sixteen settlements in the study area while secondary data was sourced from spatial images, land use maps and satellite images of the study area. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics while qualitative data was analysed using time series and satellite image analysis. The result shows a spatial expansion due mainly to increased housing development, a multi-dimensional environmental and socio-cultural challenges that impact negatively on the quality of living and a literate, high-income group dominance in the selected peri-urban settlements in Ibeju-Lekki. The study recommends the creation of a database to capture the pattern of housing development, residents’ socio-economic demography and infrastructure needs for intervention in policy design for sustainable development.

A Continuum Model for Housing Allocation and Transportation Emission Problems in a Polycentric City

ABSTRACT The effect of vehicle emissions on the global climate has prompted increasing concern in the past few decades. Housing development patterns determine people's travel behavior and related vehicle emissions. In this study, we consider a hypothetical city with several central business districts (CBDs) serving several classes of road users, which are continuously distributed over the city. The road network is relatively dense and can be approximated as a continuum. We establish a bi-level model to describe the relationships among housing allocation, traffic volume, and CO2 emissions with a continuum modeling approach. At the lower level, the model achieves the user equilibrium condition of a transport system. At the upper level, it optimizes housing allocation to achieve minimum CO2 emissions. The finite element method, Newton-Raphson algorithm, and convex combination approach are applied to solve the constrained optimization problem established in the bi-level model. A numerical example is then given to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed bi-level approach and solution algorithm in modeling transport demand, traffic intensity, and CO2 emissions with an optimized housing development pattern.

Impact of past and future residential housing development patterns on energy demand and related emissions

The continued outward growth from a central business district has been the dominant characteristic of most cities in Australia. However, this feature is seen as unsustainable and alternative scenarios to contain the outward growth are being proposed. Melbourne is currently grappling with this issue while simultaneously trying to reduce per capita greenhouse gas emissions. Housing size, style and its location are the three principal factors which determine the emissions from the residential sector. This paper describes a methodology to assess the combined impact of these factors on past and possible future forms of residential development in Melbourne. The analysis found that the location of the housing and its size are the dominant factors determining energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.

Pola Pengembangan Rumah di Kampung Kota dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya

The housing development is done by city kampong society self-supportingly at its growth become very difficult to be controlled. To make sustainable environment in city kampong hence require to be done a research concerning Pattern of Housing Development in City Kampong and the Factors Its Influence. This research used Descriptive-Analytical research method and take case study in Bidara Cina Kampong, Bidara Cina sub-district, Jatinegara district, East Jakarta. Result of this research indicates that the increasing of prosperity of society in city kampong which generally is middle income society to low income tend to be accompanied by degradation of environmental quality of its settlement. This condition happened because ably limited economics and very the limited wide of land of private. The kampong society tending to develop bedroom and living room as multi function room, and at the process development of house heedless of neighbors environment. Dominant factors influence pattern of housing development in city kampong alternately is social-culture factors, condition of physical land and house factors, economics factors, requirement of human being factors, and non-physical factors (legality of land and house).

Real Estate Taxes and Fees: Impacts on Urban Land and Housing Development in China

Real estate taxes and fees affect land markets and housing development patterns in significant ways affecting the timing of real estate development, spatial patterns of land development, and the capital intensity of development. This paper examines the economic impacts of real estate taxes and fees in a dynamic framework, with special application to proposed reforms in China. Impacts identified are also relevant for real estate tax and fee reforms more generally in developing countries whose institutional real estate regimes are in transition.

Rural housing market response to nonfarm employment growth: an analysis of housing development patterns

This paper describes uses of economic impact models to examine labor force and housing relationships associated with regional employment changes, including area-wide labor demands, expected housing needs in response to changes in the labor force size, and the predicted quantity of new housing units that will be developed. The perspectives analyzed represent important elements in economic development planning, especially in light of the tremendous competition for firms and workers among cities and states in the U.S. today. Rural development officials report difficulty attracting residential labor force members and reason that the absence of housing starts in rural places is inhibiting future growth prospects. The paper demonstrates how input-output, econometric, and spatial analysis methods can be combined to assist decision makers in determining the overall value of regional economic growth and the labor and housing impacts of that growth. Special attention is given to delineating the spatial dimensions of labor and housing markets in rural, urban, and metropolitan settings.

The impact of North Sea oil development on the Aberdeen housing market

Summary The focus of this paper is the influence of North Sea oil development on the owner occupied housing market of Aberdeen sub‐region in the 1970s and the consequent response by private housebuilders. It can also be regarded as the major modern British example of how an ‘exogenous’ economic shock to a region can revolutionize the pattern of housing development. As a prelude to the housing market examination the paper begins with a general discussion of the potential impacts on the housing system followed by a description of the data sources used. Then the nature and scale of economic change in the region, and especially the pattern of oil‐related activity in North East Scotland, and its implications for the labour market and population levels are examined. Much of the evidence presented regarding employment change is derived from material prepared for the North Sea Oil Panel by MacKay and Moir (1980).