Families Of Patients Research Articles

Discrimination 911: A Novel Response Framework to Teach Bystanders to Become Upstanders When Facing Microaggressions.

Microaggressions are pervasive in daily life, including in undergraduate and graduate medical education and across health care settings. The authors created a response framework (i.e., a series of algorithms) to help bystanders (i.e., health care team members) become upstanders when witnessing discrimination by the patient or patient's family toward colleagues at the bedside during patient care, Texas Children's Hospital, August 2020 to December 2021. Similar to a medical "code blue," microaggressions in the context of patient care are foreseeable yet unpredictable, emotionally jarring, and often high-stakes. Modeled after algorithms for medical resuscitations, the authors used existing literature to create a series of algorithms, called Discrimination 911, to teach individuals how to intervene as an upstander when witnessing instances of discrimination. The algorithms "diagnose" the discriminatory act, provide a process to respond with scripted language, and subsequently support a colleague who was targeted. The algorithms are accompanied by training on communication skills and diversity, equity, and inclusion principles via a 3-hour workshop that includes didactics and iterative role play. The algorithms were designed in the summer of 2020 and refined through pilot workshops throughout 2021. As of August 2022, 5 workshops have been conducted with 91 participants who also completed the post-workshop survey. Eighty (88%) participants reported witnessing discrimination from a patient or patient's family toward a health care professional, and 89 (98%) participants stated that they would use this training to make changes in their practice. The next phase of the project will involve continued dissemination of the workshop and algorithms as well as developing a plan to obtain follow-up data in an incremental fashion to assess for behavior change. To reach this goal, the authors have considered changing the format of the training and are planning to train additional facilitators.

Persuasive Communication Of Health Workers In Handling The Corporation Of The Covid-19 On A Covid-19 Referral Hospital


 
 
 
 Persuasive communication of health workers to patient families in handling Covid-19 bodies at the Covid-19 Referral Hospital (Hope and Prayer Hospital, Bengkulu City). In this study, the method used is qualitative. The selection of informants for this study was taken using a purposive sampling technique, namely: Covid-19 task force officers, families of patients or family relatives of patients who died and officials of the Covid-19 Referral Hospital. Qualitative data analysis in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the persuasive communication research by health workers to patient families in handling Covid-19 corpses at the Covid-19 referral hospital at Harapan and Prayer Hospital in Bengkulu City have not been maximized because health workers have not been equipped with expertise and in providing good explanations for patient families and poor communication. still doing normally. Suggestions to the Hope and Prayer Hospital of Bengkulu City should provide training to health workers, especially officers related to the delivery of good communication to the patient's family in handling the recovery of Covid 19 bodies, and should be able to make Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) ) related to the delivery of good communication to the family of patients in the handling of Covid-19 corpses and should be able to create a special room related to the delivery of communication to the patient's family in handling Covid-19 corpses.
 
 
 

Glaucoma: Types, Risk Factors, Detection, and Management

Glaucoma is a complicated set of optic neuropathies that is defined by a gradual loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), as well as visual field abnormalities that correlate to this loss. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Glaucoma is the most common cause of blindness that cannot be reversed around the world. The primary purpose of this investigation was to conduct a review study on glaucoma from a variety of aspects, including its description, forms, and management, as well as the importance of routine eye examinations. Glaucoma refers to a set of eye illnesses that, when taken together, have the potential to cause irreversible damage to a person's vision if the disease is not properly recognized and treated in a timely way. It is possible for a person's eyesight to become impaired due to glaucoma if the disease is not detected and treated in a timely manner. Glaucoma can be subdivided into a number of different major subtypes, the most common of which are primary open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, normal- tension glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma. Glaucoma can be caused by a number of factors in addition to variables such as a rise in intraocular pressure. These variables include the patient's age, the medical history of the patient's family, the patient's ethnicity, and certain medical illnesses.

Case Visit Activity Report An. S Patients with Short Stature Pulmonary Tuberculosis Through Family Medicine Approach

Tuberculosis can occur in all age groups adults and children. Tuberculosis (TB) in children occurs in children aged 0-14 years and most common at ages 1-14 years. In the working area of the Cikupa Health Center, there are patients a daughter named An.S who was diagnosed with a new case of pulmonary tuberculosis and has stature short based on results plotting so that need done intervention through family doctor visit. Solving the problem pulmonary tuberculosis infection with short stature in An. S. A female patient, An.S , aged 2 years and 8 months, came with a complaint Cough with fever for 2 weeks. In addition, high growth was also obtained age-appropriate body The patient has received antibiotics and concoction but complaints do not improve. The patient's grandmother also had similar complaints. In this case, an intervention using a family medicine approach with Mandala of Health For get diagnosis holistic And done governance in a manner comprehensive. After the intervention of An.S showed improvement and is currently undergoing treatment. Height has increased from 84 cm to 86 cm also weight from 11.2 kg to 13 kg. The family has understood about TB disease and is willing to do screening and implement PHBS. Known sources of tuberculosis infection in An. S suspected of coming from the patient's grandmother. TB infection experienced by patients has an impact on inhibiting the patient's growth so that the patient's height does not increase. After comprehensive treatment and education, the patient's family understands tuberculosis, disease transmission and prevention so that it is hoped that the treatment will be carried out completely and can catch up with age-appropriate growth.

Effect of I-125 Seed Implantation on Lung Cancer and Its Environmental Impact.

This paper compares the efficacy and adverse effects of iodine-125 ( 125 I) seed implantation and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in the treatment of lung cancer as well as impact of the 125 I radiation on the environment around the patients. A total of 40 patients who were admitted with lung cancer to our hospital from October 2017 to October 2018 were enrolled into this study. The patients were randomly assigned into study groups treated with 125 I seed implantation (20 patients) and a control group treated with EBRT (20 patients). The patients were followed up for 6 mo by CT scanning of the tumor size as well as measuring serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment (CYRA21-1), and neurospecific enolase (NSE) levels. The dose rate of 125 I at various distances and times after implantation was also measured. The local tumor control rate was higher in the study group than in the control group. CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 significantly decreased from the pre-treatment baseline in both groups (p < 0.05). Side effects of pneumothorax, hemoptysis, chest pain, and leukopenia occurred in the patients treated with 125 I seed implantation. Radiation of the 125 I isotope, which was correlated with the number of implanted 125 I seeds, decreased rapidly in a time- and distance-dependent manner. A lead apron could significantly block radiation of 125 I. Compared to EBRT, brachytherapy with 125 I seed implantation in the lung cancer had a better therapeutic outcome with fewer complications. A lead apron could protect members of patient's family as well as public from 125 I radiation.

Asuhan Keperawatan Stroke Non-Hemoragik pada Ny. R dengan Diagnosa Keperawatan Utama Hambatan Mobilitas Fisik di Ruang Edelweis Atas RSUD Kardinah Kota Tegal

Non-hemorrhagic stroke is a clinical sign of dysfunction or damage to brain tissue due to lack of blood flow to the brain so that brain tissue becomes disrupted. The symptoms felt by the patient are the inability to move the left extremity resulting in barriers to physical mobility. Purpose: to describe Nursing Care of Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke in Mrs.R with the Main Nursing Diagnosis of Physical Mobility Barriers in the Edelweiss Room of Kardinah Hospital, Tegal. Data collected on 6 – 8 December 2022. Data collection techniques with anamnesis, physical examination, documentation, observation and interviews. The interventions carried out to overcome barriers to physical mobility is Range Of Motion (ROM) exercises, namely exercises to move body parts to maintain flexibility and joint motion ability carried out for 3x24 hours, there is an increase in muscle strength in the right extremity 2 to 4. The patient's family can do Range Of Motion exercises regularly, so that muscles and joints are not difficult to move. The resultss howed that the provision of Range Of Motion exercise interventions had an effect on increasing the ability to move joints. Conclusion The results of an evaluation carried out for 3 days of impaired physical mobility associated with neuromuscular disorders showed that the problem had been resolved. Suggestions are that patients can do Range Of Motion exercises regularly, so that muscles and joints are not difficult to move.

Predicting three categories of Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System 8-items score-based glycemic targets using the number of animal names recalled.

The Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System 8-items (DASC-8) assesses memory, orientation, instrumental activities of daily living and basic activities of daily living. Category I (DASC-8 score ≤10), category II (11 ≤ DASC-8 score ≤16) and category III (DASC-8 score ≥17) have been defined. Based on these categories, the glycemic targets in diabetes patients aged ≥65 years have been proposed by the Japan Diabetes Society and the Japan Geriatrics Society Joint Committee. DASC-8 is difficult to apply to patients without family members or supportive persons. We propose a verbal fluency test as the screening tool. We enrolled 69 inpatients aged ≥65 years with type 2 diabetes, who were administered the DASC-8 and VF tests, which included recalling animal names and common nouns starting with a specified letter in 1 min. The relationship between DASC-8 and verbal fluency test scores was investigated. Animal fluency correlated with DASC-8 scores after adjustment for patient characteristics. Animal scores correlated with orientation, instrumental activities of daily living and basic activities of daily living scores of DASC-8, and tended to show a relationship with DASC-8 memory scores. An animal score ≥8 predicted category I with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 57%. An animal score ≤6 predicted category III with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 67%. Animal scores would be useful in predicting the categories of DASC-8. Animal fluency could be a screening tool of DASC-8 when a patient's family member or supportive person is absent.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Grading Scale (ICH-GS) Score as a Prognosis Prediction of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage at Rumah Sakit Islam Surabaya Jemursari

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage or hemorrhagic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in Indonesia, but until now there is no specific therapy for this disease. The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score is a widely used predictive tool for the prognosis of death 30 days after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, but the intracerebral hemorrhage-grading scale (ICH-GS) score has a more specific interval to assess the prediction of the prognosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. Rumah Sakit Islam (RSI) Jemursari Surabaya has not carried out data collection related to the ICH-GS score with the outcome (death) of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, especially while still receiving hospital treatment. Objective: To identify the number of ICH-GS scores in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage as a predictor of prognosis at RSI Jemursari Surabaya. Method: The type of this research is retrospective research. The population comprised of all patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage hospitalized at RSI Jemursari Surabaya in 2017-2019, with affordable population of all patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed by a neurologist. Results: The data showed that 5.5% (6 people) had an ICH-GS score of 5; 38.2% (42 people) had an ICG-GS score of 6; 21.8% (24 people) had an ICH-GS score of 7; 20 % (22 people) had an ICH-GS score of 8; 5.5% (6 people) had an ICH-GS score of 9; 4.5% (5 people) had an ICH-GS score of 10; 3.6% (4 people) had an ICH-GS score of 11; and 0.9% (1 patient) had an ICH-GS score of 12. Conclusions: The results of the ICH-GS score can be used to facilitate communication both with fellow health workers and with the patient's family. Trend of the data showed that ICH-GS score is not consistent in showing the prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (the smaller the ICH-GS score should have better prognosis than the higher score), while the information based only on volume and location can predict the prognosis more consistently`.

TYPES OF BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION IN EMERGENCY ROOM BETWEEN NURSE AND PATIENT’S FAMILY IN DOLOKSANGGUL HOSPITAL

The objective of this study was to describe types of barriers to communication in emergency room between nurse and patient’s family in Doloksanggul hospital. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The data of this study were utterances in conversation between nurse and patient’s family in Doloksanggul hospital. Participant observation technique was performed to collect the data. The results showed that (1) The types of communication barriers most frequently encountered in emergency room of the Doloksanggul Hospital 4% related to process barriers, 32 % related to semantic barriers, 1 % related to physical and cultural barriers, 12% related to psychological barriers, and 16 % related to perception. Then, the dominant type is related to psychological barriers. From the analyzed realization types of barriers to communication it was found that Psychological barriers was the largest number, it showed that unstable mental condition or panic because of the patient's family situation who worried about the patient create barrier to communication.

The Effectiveness of Implementing Family-Centered Rounds in the PICU on Parental Satisfaction

Family-Centered Care (FCC) is needed in nursing care for children with critical illnesses in the PICU, but the implementation of FCC has yet to be effective. This is due to family visit restrictions, direct care involvement, and decision-making. Family- Centered Rounds (FCR) are a multidisciplinary professional approach to decision-making by facilitating family involvement in medical decision-making. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing FCR in the PICU on patients' parents' satisfaction. This study used a quantitative experimental design in which Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design with a post-test-only control group was used. Sixty-four parents of patients in the PICU unit at RSCM were recruited by consecutive sampling and randomly assigned to two treatments (room standard intervention for the control group and FCR for the intervention group). Treatment in both groups was carried out for two days then the satisfaction level of parent respondents was measured using the Pediatric Family Satisfaction in intensive care Unit 24 (pFS-ICU 24). Bivariate analysis used an independent t-test to analyze differences in family satisfaction scores in both groups. Statistically, there was a significant difference in the mean score of patient family satisfaction between groups with FCR and no FCR with p=0.001 (p&lt;0.05). It was concluded that FCR was effectively carried out, which impacted increasing the satisfaction of the patient's parents. FCR is very effectively implemented in the PICU unit as a development of the application of the FCC concept, which can benefit the patient's family.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT FIKSASI PEMERIKSAAN RADIOGRAFI ABDOMEN PROYEKSI LEFT LATERAL DECUBITUS

Background: Radiologic fixation device is a tool made of specially designed iron plate that is used by radiology officers to assist in treating patients. As in the LLD (Left Lateral Decubitus) projection abdominal radiography, non-cooperative patients need an assistive device to facilitate the examination. LLD projection abdominal fixation device This can be used to place cassettes of various sizes, limit patient movement, ensure that the cassette and grid remain attached to the posterior part of the patient without being touched by the patient's family, make the left side of the patient's abdomen not cut, and provide radiation safety to the patient, patient's family, and staff. This study aims to design a fixation tool for projection abdominal radiography examinations LLD and test tools.&#x0D; Methods: This research is an applied type of research by designing a fixation device for LLD. projection abdominal radiography examination as well as testing these tools through questionnaires and documentation studies. The research was conducted at the Radiology Laboratory of Awal Bros University from May to June.&#x0D; Results: The LLD projection abdominal examination fixation device, this tool composed of 5 components: patient seat, metal support, cassette holder, foam pad and strap.&#x0D; Conclusions: From the results of data collection using a questionnaire, it was found that the LLD projection abdominal examination fixation tool has met the performance test in accordance with the specifications of the tool and has good value in terms of the components of the tool, durability, efficiency of the tool and the resulting radiograph.

LEGAL LIABILITY OF ACUPUNCTURE THERAPIST FOR PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENTS IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE SERVICES REVIEWED BY HEALTH WORKERS LAW AND REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF HEALTH ABOUT CONCERNING LICENSING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ACUPUNCTURE THERAPIST PRACTICES

Traditional medicine services are one of the treatments and treatment efforts other than medical science and / or nursing science which is carried out by traditional health workers. Acupuncturists are skilled traditional healers who perform invasive procedures on patients that can cause patient safety incidents or potentially result in injury to the patient. But in fact, if there is a loss due to an error in treatment, the client / patient and / or the client / patient's family do not know the legal consequences for the acupuncturist who provides their therapist services. The purpose of this study is to gain a comprehension of acupuncture therapist authority on the medical service and to acquire a description of acupuncture therapist responsibility on patient safety incident on the medical treatment. This research article was carried out using normative juridical methods with secondary data through literature studies which were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the authority of the acupuncture therapist as a traditional skilled health worker was in accordance with the standard of expertise and skills as evidenced by STPT and SIPT. If a patient safety incident occurs due to an error in medical practice, it means that the acupuncturist has committed an illegal act and is responsible for paying compensation to the patient and / or the patient's family.

Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pasien 45-59 Tahun Di Puskesmas Bintaro Jakarta Selatan Pada Tahun 2022

Hypertension is a degenerative disease with a fairly high mortality. Someone who enters the age of 45 years and over will have a higher risk of the incidence of hypertension. Puskesmas Bintaro is a sub-district health center which based on data from the PTM annual report has increased the incidence of hypertension in patients aged 45-59 years from 2019 to 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in patients aged 45-59 years at the Puskesmas Bintaro, South Jakarta in 2022. The study used a quantitative approach with a Cross Sectional Study design. The independent variables were gender, family history of hypertension, smoking, obesity and sleep quality and the dependent variable was the incidence of hypertension. The data used is primary data in the form of interviews for obesity factors, smoking factors and sleep quality factors. Secondary data is medical record data for hypertension and gender. The sample size in this study was 106 with Quota Sampling collection techniques. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between a family history of hypertension, obesity and sleep quality with the incidence of hypertension at the age of 45-59 years, and shows that there is no relationship between smoking and gender with the incidence of hypertension at the age of 45-59 years. Puskesmas Bintaro also provides counseling about hypertension not only to patients but also to the patient's family. Obesity factor, the Bintaro Health Center can add activities by directly directing patients who are known to be obese to consult the Nutrition Officer at the Puskesmas Bintaro. Sleep Quality Factors Puskesmas Bintaro can add patient sleep quality points to be additional points in patient screening. At this point of sleep quality screening can be done with a short interview.

Health Education Triase terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Keluarga Pasien pada Kategori Triase P2 dan P3

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of triage health education on the anxiety level of the families of patients with priority triage P2 and P3 in the hospital's emergency room. The research method used in this study is quantitative with a pre and post-test design. The results of the study found that 95% believed the age of the respondents with an interval between 33.49 to 40.58, the patient's families were female (61.3%) more than male (38.7%), and the highest education was high school (SMA). 67.7%) and a significant difference in anxiety before and after the intervention with a p-value &lt;0.05. In conclusion, there is a substantial difference in pressure between before and after the intervention, so health education triage is effective on anxiety levels.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Patient's Family Anxiety, Health Education, Triage

Patients' experience of undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. An interview study from Ethiopia.

People with kidney failure require renal replacement therapy in the form of dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival. Many facets of their life, both within and outside the dialysis unit, are impacted by the management of this disease. It is important to comprehend the experiences of people undergoing hemodialysis in order to improve the care provided to them. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Ethiopia. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at two healthcare facilities in Ethiopia. Individual interviews with 15 participants (men and women aged 19-63), undergoing hemodialysis in Ethiopia, were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in five themes: Feeling grateful, Facing a restricted life, a Supportive environment, Dreaming of a transplant, and Leading a hassled life. The subthemes include Trust in treatment, Faith in God, Challenging fluid and dietary restrictions, Being too fatigued to socialize, Being stigmatized, Family and social support, Supportive healthcare, Lacking a donor and sponsor, COVID-19 as a barrier, Financial constraints, Inaccessibility to care and transport and Access line implantation. Despite being dependent on a machine and having to deal with food and fluid restrictions as well as financial challenges, participants were hopeful and dreamed of a transplant. From the study's participants, it was discovered that the experiences of people with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis were generally, considerably negative narratives. Based on the results we recommend development of multidisciplinary teams to better meet patients' physical, emotional, and social needs while undergoing hemodialysis. Such a team should also involve the patient's family members when caring for patients on hemodialysis.

Effectiveness of Palliative Care in Heart Failure Patients in Preventing Readmission: A Systematic Review

Palliative care is an essential part of the management of heart failure patients. By integrating palliative care in treating heart failure patients, patients experience calm and feel a safe atmosphere both physically and psychosocially, and with other problems, and make patients have the same understanding from a medical perspective. To summarize the results of studies related to palliative care in heart failure patients and to identify specific and effective practices in preventing readmission. Systematic search of the PubMed, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases searching for articles that included heart failure and palliative care. Palliative care is a critical component of health care for heart failure patients. In this article, the authors summarize the effectiveness of patient-focused palliative care and the palliative team in preventing readmissions and improving patients' quality of life when palliative care is applied in health care. Implementing palliative care in patients with heart failure is highly recommended for enhancing the patient's quality of life (QoL) and preventing or reducing patient readmission rates if appropriately implemented. Focusing on improving the abilities and skills of the palliative team is also something that needs to be considered. Also, knowledge, understanding, and involvement of the patient's family in patient care at home are significant.

Socio-Economic Burden of Hemodialysis on Patients’ Families

Background: Chronic kidney disease has become a global public health issue with extreme incidence in Asian countries, and its burden is growing rapidly throughout the world. Haemodialysis has an adverse effect on the dimensions of many patients. The aim of the study was to determine the overall socio-economic burden of haemodialysis on the patient's families and to identify the main factors that are responsible for the socioeconomic burden of haemodialysis on patient families. Material and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted for three months after approval of ERC, LUMHS at Hyderabad and Jamshoro LUMHS public hemodialysis units. The data were collected by using Questionnaire and a patient's family interview after written consent. The questionnaire consists of demographic variables and variables related to the socio-economic burden on families. Results: Of the 350 subjects, 321 (92%) were males and 29 (8%) were females, with the mean age of 43.47 years with standard deviation 12.924. 51% of the subject had monthly income ranging from 11000 to 20000, while 41% had between 21000 and 50000. Seventy percent of the patients were found to have more than 10 family members. Based on their occupation Shopkeepers 22.3%, Farmers 11.7%, Labors 10.6%, Teachers 9.7%, Drivers 7.1%, students 8.9% and 7.7% were Clerks. Practical Implication: The importance of the research has made it possible to identify how the family caregiver can cope with situations that limit their physical and psychological capacity; it has also been important because the results obtained have served as support for changes in the care provided by nurses working in hemodialysis clinics, integrating the family caregiver as one of their priorities Conclusion: The inevitable stresses and subjective burdens on informal dialysis patients must be recognized and addressed. Care can create huge burdens for caregivers and reduce their physical and psychological health. In order to reduce this burden, various strategies needed to be considered including improving the quality of life of patients, caregiver assessments, coping strategy and addressing interpersonal issues. Keywords: Socioeconomic, hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease, patients’ families, Pakistan, stress.

Research status and prospects of acupuncture for autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder and has a predilection for children. Its symptoms, such as lifelong social communication deficits and repetitive sensory-motor behaviors, put a huge burden on the patient's family and society. Currently, there is no cure for ASD, and some medications that can improve its symptoms are often accompanied by adverse effects. Among many complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, acupuncture has shown promising application potential, but after years of practice, it has not been recognized as the preferred CAM therapy for ASD. Therefore, we analyzed and discussed the clinical study reports of acupuncture in the treatment of ASD in the past 15 years from the aspects of study subjects, group setting, intervention modalities, acupoint selection, outcome evaluation, and safety. The data accumulated at present are not sufficient to support the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture in ASD and to justify its use in clinical practice. They provide, however, initial evidence of possible effectiveness and encourage further investigation in order to reach firm conclusions. Based on a comprehensive analysis, we believed that following the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), screening the optimal combination of acupoints applying a rigorous scientific study design, and performing the related functional experiments may be the effective way to convincingly test the hypothesis that acupuncture may be beneficial in ASD patients. The significance of this review is to provide a reference for researchers to carry out high-quality clinical trials of acupuncture in the treatment of ASD from the perspective of the combination of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGENALI KEJADIAN HAPPY HYPOKSIA

Happy hypoxia is an asymptomatic condition where oxygen saturation decreases&lt;90% in Covid-19 patients. However, many people do not know the signs andsymptoms of happy hypoxia. Preventive measures are needed to prevent theworst possible occurrence of happy hypoxia, one of which is health education.The purpose of this community service activity is to make the community awareof the occurrence of happy hypoxia. The activity was carried out for one day for18 families of patients in the emergency room at Panti Waluya Sawahan Hospital,Malang. The patient's family is given a pre-test to measure the understanding ofhappy hypoxia, then given health education, then given a post-test sheet. Theresults obtained in the form of increasing knowledge from the less to goodcategory. This health education activity is included in preventive efforts so thatthe public can recognize the occurrence of happy hypoxia to minimize themortality rate of Covid-19 patients.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Hemodialisa di Rumah Sakit H. Adam Malik Medan

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hemodialysis is a treatment that is carried out for patients with chronic kidney failure in order to survive, however, this action has side effects on the patient's physical and psychological condition, hemodialysis is a replacement treatment for patients with terminal stage chronic kidney failure, so that kidney function is replaced with a tool called dyalizer, in this dyalizer the process of transferring dissolved substances in the blood into the dialysis fluid and vice versa&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; The research method is an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The sample used is total sampling where the entire population is the research sample, namely all patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The statistical test used is the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; T&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;he results showed that the factors related to adherence to treatment for hemodialysis patients were knowledge (p= 0.000 &amp;lt; 0.005), access to health facilities (p = 0.031 &amp;lt; 0.05), family support (p = 0.001 &amp;lt;0.05), and support from health workers (p = 0.011). &amp;lt;0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors that influenced adherence to treatment were knowledge (p = 0.002 &amp;lt; 0.05) and family support (p = 0.005 &amp;lt; 0.05). And the most dominant factor influencing is the influence of family support factors (p = 0.016 &amp;lt; 0.005) with an Exp (B) value of 13,761.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; Bad public health behavior can occur due to a lack of public knowledge and understanding of the disease and its risks so that the community does not know how to act so that the disease is not more at risk. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;To improve adherence to treatment for hemodialysis patients, it is necessary to increase knowledge and good support from the family, by intervening through education related to hemodialysis and approaches with the patient's family&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;