Patient Hygiene Performance Index Research Articles

The effect of braille 3g modified audio tactile media on dental health status of visually impaired children

Background: The poor condition of the visually impaired’s mouth is in consequence of unsupervised brushing teeth, technical errors in brushing the teeth, motor skill and guidance that are still neglected. To overcome these things, it requires special media namely braille media and an innovative technique known as audio tactile technique. 
 Methods: This study used quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test one group design which population and sample were visually impaired children in Special Needs School: Rehabilitation Center for the Blind and Visually Impaired (SLB-A PRPCN) Palembang. The total of the sample was 21 children which divided into three treatment groups (Braille 3G Media, Audio Tactile, and Braille 3G Modified Audio Tactile). The status of Dental and Oral Health of children was assessed by using plaque score assessment in the form of Patient Hygiene Performance Index for one month and two month with Anova-test analysis. 
 Results: The result shows that there is a very striking difference in plaque after one month (0.019) and after two months (0.030). Further analysis with the Post Hoc test shows that the groups that differed significantly in the plaque index after one month and two months are braille with modification and audio tactile with modification.
 Conclusion: From the evidence, we can see that the braille 3G modified audio tactile media is more effective in reducing the plaque index because it can improve the dental health status of visually impaired children.

Effects of professional toothbrushing among patients with gingivitis.

This study aimed to evaluate the biological and clinical effect of professional toothbrushing on the periodontal health of patients with gingivitis. We enrolled 21 university students with gingivitis in Jinju City in this study between April 24 and October 28, 2014. A dental hygienist performed a professional toothbrushing routine on the participants twice, once at baseline and after 3 months. Oral examinations were performed at baseline, 3, and 6 months to assess the periodontal health. The patient hygiene performance index, gingival bleeding rate, periodontal pocket depth, amount of gingival sulcus fluid, and number of bacterial colonies in the gingival sulcus (CFU/mL) were evaluated during the oral examination. The patient hygiene performance index, gingival bleeding rate, pocket depth, amount of gingival sulcus fluid, and CFU/mL within the gingival sulcus significantly decreased after professional toothbrushing (p < 0.05), indicating an improvement in the periodontal health. The patient hygiene performance index, gingival bleeding rate, pocket depth, amount of gingival sulcus fluid, and CFU/mL within the gingival sulcus decreased more among those whose pocket depth was 4-5 mm than among those whose PD was ≤3 mm (p < 0.05). Professional toothbrushing improved the periodontal health in patients with gingivitis in respect of both biological and clinical results.

Effectiveness of oral hygiene educational interventional programs on participants with Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled study.

The objective was to evaluate oral health-related knowledge, and to compare the effectiveness of three different oral health education interventions (OHEI) on plaque removal in a cohort with Parkinson disease. The three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial included 63 Parkinson disease stage 1 and 2 patients aged ≥ 40 years and scores ≥ 26 in both Montreal Cognitive Assessment test and Mini-Mental State Exam. These patients were allocated to three OHEI groups: lectures, presentation, and demonstration. The validated questionnaire assessed knowledge level at baseline (0), 1, 2, and 3 months. Oral hygiene at 0 and 3 months was assessed by the Plaque Index and the Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHPI). Unstimulated whole saliva was collected to assess the salivary flow rate. Pairwise comparison using ANOVA showed a significant decrease in mean percentage knowledge 0, 1, 2, and 3 months in all three groups (P < .001). After Tukey post-hoc analysis the presentation group had significantly higher knowledge (P = .030). ANOVA showed that the percentage of knowledge decreased as time passed (P = .001). Comparison of means of Plaque Index and PHPI scores by MANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc analysis showed significant decrease in Plaque Index scores from 0 to 3 months (P = .001). No significant change in the salivary flow rate was noted. Pictorial representation of OHEI is a better mode of intervention compared to lectures and demonstrations in Parkinson disease stage 1 and 2 patients. Despite the decline in knowledge with time, Plaque Index scores reduced significantly, implying that this form OHEI offers positive benefits.

Assessment of Patient Hygiene Performance Index in concordance with postoperative scaling/root Planing Oral Hygiene Instructions

Aim: To assess the impact of oral hygiene instructions on the periodontal health of the patients by estimating patient hygiene performance index after scaling/ root planing. Materials and Methods: The study included 60 patients and was conducted over a private university setting. They were divided into three equal groups of 20 patients. Group-I included patients to whom oral hygiene instructions were not given, Group-II includes patients to whom instructions given through individual sessions, Group- III include patients to whom oral hygiene instructions given in group sessions. Patients were recalled after 15 days to assess the oral hygiene by calculating patient hygiene performance index. Results: Results of our study suggested that oral hygiene instructions given in individual sessions have shown a significant improvement in comparison to the other two groups. The mean PHP index score for a group with individual oral hygiene instructions baseline score is 3.03. The mean PHP index score for a group with individual oral hygiene instructions after 15 days is 1.21 which implies good oral hygiene status. Conclusion: From the above study, it can be concluded that providing oral hygiene instructions have a significant effect on maintaining periodontal health. The method of communicating oral hygiene instructions to the patient is proportional to good oral hygiene.

Effectiveness of an Oral Health Education Program Using a Smart Toothbrush with Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence Technology in Children

This randomized controlled trial aimed to educate patients and manage oral hygiene remotely via a smart toothbrush (ST) by using mobile applications and to improve oral hygiene and habits by evaluating the plaque state via images from a Q-ray cam, which is a quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) digital imaging device. In total, 68 children (aged 6-12 years) were randomly divided into three groups. Group I was assigned an electro-toothbrush (ET), group II was assigned a smart toothbrush (ST), and group III used a manual toothbrush (MT). Each group used an assigned toothbrush and was checked after 1 and 3 months. Oral hygiene status was evaluated using the patient hygiene performance (PHP) index and fluorescent plaque index (FPI), which are presented in the QLF program. In addition, questionnaires on oral health behaviors and attitudes were also evaluated. There was a 0.24 decrease in the PHP index and a 1.40 decrease in the simple hygiene score three months later compared with the baseline in the ST group, with no significant difference between the three methods (p = 0.518, p = 0.626). Many group II participants said that ST helped with oral hygiene, and they were willing to use it continuously. In addition, all participants' brushing times and attitudes toward oral hygiene improved after oral hygiene education using a Q-ray cam. Therefore, the use of STs provided good dental health education and a plaque-decreasing effect to children aged 6-12 years old. Furthermore, the QLF device can be used as a useful tool for maintaining good oral hygiene in children.

Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing Substance for Plaque Identification

Oral hygiene is an indicator of oral and dental health which can be assessed based on the presence or absence of organic deposits, such as pellicle, materia alba (dental deposit), food residue, calculus, and dental plaque. Plaque is the cause of tooth decay among the world's population. Plaque on the tooth surface can be used as an indicator of oral hygiene. Poor cleaning can lead to stickier plaque and tartar after calcification. The thin plaque is almost the same as the color of the teeth, so that plaque cannot be seen with the naked eye. The presence of plaque that is formed from contact with oral fluids can be detected by using certain dye. This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing substance for Plaque Identification among the children in Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District. This was a quasi-experimental study with a post-test-only design. The samples of this study were 30 children at Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District, with the inclusion criteria of children with permanent teeth and index teeth. The samples were selected through total sampling technique. The results showed that after applying purple sweet potato extract to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the Patient Hygiene Performance index (PHP) in the moderate criteria (50%). Furthermore, after applying disclosing substances to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the PHP index in the poor criteria (56.7%). The t-test independent statistical test results obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt;0.005), indicating a significant difference between sweet potato extract and disclosing substance. Disclosing substance was more effective than purple sweet potato extract in identifying plaque on the tooth surface. Further study is recommended to apply purple sweet potato extract with different concentrations as an alternative ingredient to identify plaque on the tooth surface.

Ischaemic stroke and oral inflammatory diseases

The aim of this study was to establish clinical significance of oral inflammatory diseases in ischaemic stroke (IS), how aware doctors and nurses are of this problem, and the safety and possibility of performing dental hygiene in patients with acute IS.&#x0D; Materials and methods. We examined 100 patients who had suffered an ischaemic stroke in the internal carotid artery territory within 6 to 48 hours. The efficacy of dental hygiene and the risk of developing chronic oral sepsis were evaluated using the Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHP) and Chronic Oral Sepsis Risk index (COSR). Quality of life was assessed using the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The sociological study included 100 patients with ischaemic stroke, 38 nurses, and 18 neurologists.&#x0D; Results. The severity of IS at study inclusion was 8 (3; 15) points on the NIHSS, while the Barthel Index score was 70 (45; 90) points. The modified Rankin Scale score was 13 points. The PHP index was 2.28 0.05 and the COSR index was 20.13 0.50. The OHIP-14 results (a total score of 28.1 6.8 points) also indicated unsatisfactory quality of dental health. The results of sociological studies revealed low level of awareness regarding dental care during acute IS among doctors. After professional oral care, treatment of oral inflammatory diseases, and removal of significantly damaged teeth, patients with IS had a decrease in the PHP index to 1.17 0.05 and the COSR index to 7.36 0.50, which corresponds to a satisfactory level of dental hygiene by the end of the acute stroke period. The impact of dental health on quality of life parameters as measured by the OHIP-14 scale (22.4 7.2 points) was satisfactory.&#x0D; Conclusion. The most important aspect of early dental care in patients with IS is increasing the quality of oral health.

Застосування лікувально-профілактичного комплексу при карієсі та гінгівіті у дітей шкільного віку

Актуальність. Єдність найбільш значущих патогенетичних механізмів розвитку карієсу та захворювань тканин пародонту обґрунтовує сучасну концепцію профілактики цих захворювань, що включає розробку лікувально-профілактичних програм з урахуванням клінічних особливостей поєднаного перебігу карієсу та захворювань пародонту в дітей та основних патогенетичних механізмів розвитку цих захворювань. Мета дослідження: оцінити вплив розробленого лікувально-профілактичного комплексу в дітей шкільного віку при поєднаному перебігу карієсу та хронічного катарального гінгівіту з урахуванням основних патогенетичних механізмів розвитку цих захворювань. Матеріали та методи. Клінічні дослідження проводили за участю 138 дітей віком від 7 до 10 років, у яких визначали індекс кп + КПУ, приріст інтенсивності карієсу зубів, редукцію та карієспрофілактичний ефект, ТЕР-тест, індекс Greenn — Wermillion, спрощений індекс зубного нальоту О’Leary, індекс ефективності гігієни порожнини рота (РНР), індекс РМА, Basic Periodontal Examination-Simplified (BPES) перед проведенням лікувально-профілактичного комплексу (ЛПК) та через 18 місяців після його триразового застосування. Результати. Результати клінічного дослідження показали, що при позитивній динаміці клінічних показників у дітей всіх досліджуваних груп, у підгрупах, де ми застосовували розроблений і запропонований ЛПК, ми визначили добрий стан гігієни порожнини рота (0,37 ± 0,03; 0,46 ± 0,04) та добру ефективність проведення гігієнічних заходів (0,58 ± 0,05; 0,60 ± 0,03); низький рівень приросту інтенсивності карієсу (0,11–0,18) із редукцією 67,27–80,70 % при карієспрофілактичній ефективності 66,53–76,79 % на відміну від контрольних груп дітей, в яких рівень приросту інтенсивності карієсу становив 0,35–0,57, гігієнічний стан порожнини рота залишився на задовільному рівні. Серед дітей із хронічним катаральним гінгівітом повне усунення основних клінічних ознак запалення з подальшою довготривалою ремісією при застосуванні ЛПК ми спостерігали в більшому відсотку випадків на відміну від дітей, при лікуванні яких використовували стандартні підходи. Висновки. Отримані результати клінічних досліджень, а саме запобігання подальшому розвитку карієсу та усунення основних клінічних проявів запалення ясен із тривалою ремісією, свідчать про позитивний вплив та ефективність розробленого ЛПК.

Effectiveness of instructed tooth brushing on plaque and oral hygiene among the visually impaired children from a residential blind school in Pune – An interventional study

Aim: The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of instructed tooth brushing on plaque and oral hygiene among the visually impaired children from a residential blind school in Pune. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was conducted for 30 days at a residential Blind School for boys. Twenty-four blind children were recruited for the study. Baseline data were recorded using the modified patient hygiene performance (PHP) index and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHIS). Oral prophylaxis was undertaken. Oral health instruction pamphlet in Braille script was given to them. Supervised tooth brushing twice daily as per the musical audio instructions was performed for 30 days. Postintervention, the indices scores were recorded again. Paired t-test was used for comparison of pre and postintervention scores. Results: The modified PHP score pre and postintervention were 4.19 ± 0.54 and 1.81 ± 0.87, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The OHIS scores pre and postintervention were 3.31 ± 0.88 and 1.04 ± 0.54 and were also statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the instructed tooth brushing program, along with oral prophylaxis and oral hygiene instructions in Braille for the visually impaired children for maintaining their oral hygiene is an effective method.

Correlation between Oral Hygiene and IL-6 in Children.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between marginal gingivitis, oral hygiene parameters, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of 40 children. The marginal periodontal pathology was evaluated by gingival index (GI). The status of oral hygiene was estimated by using patient hygiene performance (PHP), brushing frequency (BF), and plaque index (PI). IL-6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were measured to evaluate the inflammation in marginal gingiva. PHP score showed a significant correlation with GI, BF, and PI. The groups based on PHP ranges were significantly related to IL-6 concentration in crevicular fluid.

Improved Oral Hygine as A Result of Successful Toothbrushing Intervention in a Restricted Community Islamic Boarding School

Introduction: Brushing teeth is an important thing to do since it is one of the factors that affect oral hygiene, especially to remove plaque on the teeth.1 The ability to brush teeth properly and correctly is a fairly important factor in maintaining dental and oral health, especially in adolescence.5 The purpose of study to explain the differences in plaque scores before and after toothbrushing training using Bass technique in adolescents Method: The sample were 100 students aged 12-15 years old in grades 7, 8 and 9. This study design was experimental quasi and using a pre-test and post-test after 7 days to determine the difference in plaque scores before and after the training. The plaque index method that used to examine oral hygine was Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP). Comparison between plaque scores before and after training evaluated using Wilcoxon test. Result: Examination of PHP index before training shows 81 samples (81%) in poor criteria, then most subjects undergoes improvement after training. There were 94 samples (94%) experienced decrease or improvement in plaque score whilst 6 samples (6%) did not show improvement after training. Median of plaque score before training was 4.3 (0.2-5 (SD=0.502)) afterwards improved to 2.2 (0-4.8 (SD=0.496)). Wilcoxon test obtained a value of p&lt;0.05 which was 0.000. Conclusion: There were significant differences in plaque scores before and after toothbrushing training using Bass technique.

Reduction of the Patient Hygiene Performance Index Based on an Oral Hygiene Program Using Oral Camera

Reduction of the Patient Hygiene Performance Index Based on an Oral Hygiene Program Using Oral Camera

PENGARUH BERKUMUR LARUTAN TEH HITAM (BLESS TEA) DALAM MENURUNKAN AKUMULASI PLAK PADA GIGI ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR

Permasalahan gigi dan mulut yang dialami masyarakat Indonesia masih tinggi, terutama penyakit karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Berkumur Larutan Teh Hitam (bless tea) Dalam Menurunkan Akumulasi Plak Pada Gigi Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimental semu dengan desain pre test dan post test group. Responden dipilih berdasarkan metode total sampling pada siswa SD Negeri Negeri 51 Poasia Kota Kendari yang berusia 7-8 tahun dan didapatkan responden sebanyak 40 orang. Variabel penelitian ialah larutan teh hitam (bless tea) dan plak gigi. Rerata sebelum berkumur dengan larutan teh hitam (bless tea) 3,10±1,3 dan rerata sesudah berkumur dengan larutan teh hitam (bless tea) 1,81±0,7; terjadi penurunan dengan selisih sebelum dan sesudah 1,09±0,6. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara data akumulasi plak sebelum dengan data akumulasi plak sesudah berkumur larutan teh hitam (bless tea) (p=0,000). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara data penurunan akumulasi plak kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol (p=0,03). Penurunan akumulasi plak kelompok perlakuan berkumur dengan larutan teh hitam (bless tea) lebih kecil daripada kelompok kontrol berkumur dengan chlorhexidine 0,2%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada pengaruh Berkumur Larutan Teh Hitam (bless tea) Dalam Menurunkan Akumulasi Plak Pada Gigi Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar usia 7-8 tahun

Kiddie Doctors Education Strategy in Improving the Knowledge, Attitude, and Oral Hygiene Status of Elementary School Children.

ABSTRACTObjectives:This study aimed to assess the improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene scores of elementary school children after being provided education by kiddie doctors.Materials and Methods:A quasi-experiment design with pretest–posttest control group model was conducted on 143 students belonging ages 8–12 years old in two selected elementary schools. Kiddie doctors educated their peers three times at four-week intervals. Baseline data were collected a week before the education, and the final data were collected a month after the third education session. Data regarding knowledge and attitude were collected using questionnaires filled in by the respondents. The oral hygiene index simplified (OHIS) and patient hygiene performance (PHP) index data were obtained through intra-oral examinations. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent t tests and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:After receiving education, there was a change in the knowledge, attitude, OHIS, and PHP scores (P = 0.005). Kiddie doctors were estimated to decrease the OHIS and PHP scores by 0.312 and 0.579 points, respectively.Conclusions:The education provided by kiddie doctors improved the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene status of children. Kiddie doctors could help health workers who are still constrained in routine promotional activities.

Comparison of resin infiltration and microabrasion in the treatment of enamel caries

The study compared the efficacy and stability of resin infiltration and microabrasion therapeutic effect in patients with enamel caries. Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients with caries in white or pigmented spot stage on the vestibular surface of the anterior teeth. 40 patients underwent microabrasion, 40 — resin infiltration. Patients were evaluated initially, after oral hygiene, after the procedure, and 1 year later, the intensity of dental caries according to the patient hygiene performance index (PHP), gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI), community periodontal index (CPI) and hyperesthesia level. Results. In both groups the effect was evaluated in 2 subgroups: 1) with high caries resistance and non-increased tooth sensitivity; 2) with high and medium caries resistance and increased tooth sensitivity. After microabrasion, the greatest changes were observed for hyperesthesia in patients with increased tooth sensitivity (p<0.0001 compared with the baseline and the infiltration group). PHP and CPI measures improved significantly in both microabrasion and infiltration groups. After the procedure microabrasion effectiveness was 75%, caries infiltration — 50%. After a year, relapse was recorded in 5 (12.5%) patients in the microabrasion group and in 28 (70%) people in the infiltration group (p<0.0001). Conclusions. Enamel resistance and tooth sensitivity should be considered while choosing treatment method for enamel caries. For patients with high enamel resistance and lack of dentin hyperesthesia, microabrasion is appropriate followed by remineralizing therapy. For teeth with moderate enamel resistance and dentin hyperesthesia, the combined method is recommended: resin infiltration with remineralizing therapy, followed by enamel microabrasion.

Inter-rater agreement among multiple examiners for the assessment of plaque scores between quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital and two-tone disclosing solution-stained digital images.

To utilize plaque scoring indices as objective measures, a certain standard of intra-rater and inter-rater agreement must be met. Achievement of high consistency among several examiners in the assessment of images from Q-ray cam (for quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital imaging) and digital single-lens reflex camera of stained tooth surfaces might enable more efficient undertaking of large epidemiological studies and oral tests. Second-year dental hygiene students and registered dental hygienists 40 examiners were randomly selected, all of whom provided informed consent. Multiple examiners assessed plaque scoring indices from the two types of images of the same 30 patients. The images were observed on a computer monitor, and the area with dental plaque was assessed using the Patient Hygiene Performance Index. The intra-class correlation coefficient was determined to evaluate the agreement among examiners and test methods for dental plaque Q-ray cam and digital single-lens reflex camera measurements were compared using a Bland-Altman plot. The intra-class correlation coefficient was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and the exploratory graph was analyzed with MedCalc. Agreement among 40 examiners was excellent with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.990 when the Q-ray cam was used. The intra-class correlation coefficient for the registered dental hygienists group was 0.987 and that for the dental hygiene students group was 0.980. The study was high agreement in the assessment of Q-ray cam images and digital single-lens reflex camera images of stained dental plaque by multiple examiners, confirming that the two methods are validated both independently and with high mutual agreement.

Changes in Patient Hygiene Performance Index after Brushing 3 Electric Tooth Brushes

Changes in Patient Hygiene Performance Index after Brushing 3 Electric Tooth Brushes

COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ORAL HYGIENE STATUS IN 40-50 YEAR-OLD WOMEN RANGES USING DRUG PRODUCT TO INCREASE RESISTANCE OF DENTAL HARD TISSUES.

Resistance of tooth enamel to aggressive effect of metabolic by-products of oral cavity microorganisms is provided by fluoroapatites of enamel surface layers. The patients were divided into two groups: control group (30 females) and experimental (observa-tion) group (30 females). In control group, the traditional method of caries prevention was used, which included professional teeth cleaning, mouthwash with physiological solution (0.9%) of sodium chloride after meals, hygienic teeth brushing by a standard method twice a day. Females of experimental group underwent professional teeth cleaning, treatment of teeth with the drug product containing sodium fluoride to in-crease the resistance of hard tissues of teeth, silver nitrate and decamethoxin, rinsing with standardized decamethoxin solution. Various indices are used in modern den-tistry to evaluate oral hygiene status. Index estimation provides quantitative charac-teristics of static status of oral hygiene. Their values enable to suggest the course of inflammatory-destructive or dystrophic process and its severity, to evaluate treatment efficacy and quality of regular check-up of a particular patient or dispensary cases. The study demonstrated significant positive clinical efficacy of the drug product used to increase resistance of dental hard tissues. In particular, patients using the pharma-ceutical preparation to improve the resistance of dental hard tissues, had significantly lower values of Fedorov-Volodkina’s Index, Greene-Vermillion Index (Oral Hygiene Index- Simplified), Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Index as compared to the control group.

Dental and Oral Health Education for Elemetary School Students through Patient Hygiene Performance Index Indicator

Caries is a problem that often occurs in school-age children. Special Region of Yogyakarta is a province that has a high DMF-T index by 5.9 and exceeds the national DMF-T index. One of the efforts to improve dental and oral health of school-age children is the health education method using simulation methods, as well as simple techniques that may attract children's attention and be understood. The aim of the current study is to knowing the influence of oral and dental hygiene education intervention on dental and oral hygiene level at SD Negeri 3 Sleman students. This research used a kind of quasi experimental research with one group pretest posttest design. The research was done in SD Negeri 3 Sleman, the sample used was the 3rd graders from 57 students in 2017. The intervention was done by dental and oral hygiene education. Respondents were examined related to their dental and oral hygiene levels. It was measured by the PHP Index (Patient Hygiene Perfomance) before and after the intervention. According to results, The average score of respondents’dental and oral hygine pre test was 0.0823 and the average post test score of respondents’dental and oral hygiene was 1.4830. There is the difference of 1.4007. This shows an increament in oral hygiene of the respondent before and after the education. The results of statistical analysis show that there is an influence of oral and dental hygiene which pvalue 0,000 &amp;lt;0.05. Thus, there is a need for dental and mouth hygiene education to be conducted regularly and delivered with an interesting method.

Validity assessment of quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital (QLF-D) for the dental plaque scoring system: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the dental plaque indices measured using quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital (QLF-D) and conventional clinical indices that assess gingival status.MethodsFrom among the patients who visited Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, 33 adults in their 20s who had relatively even teeth were selected for full-mouth QLF-D imaging. The images were used to analyze the QLF-D score and the QLF-D ΔR score. As clinical indices, the gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and patient hygiene performance (PHP) index were measured. The correlations between the QLF-D score and QLF-D ΔR score and each clinical index were analyzed. Analyses were performed comparing the indices of maxillary and mandibular teeth, the teeth on right and left sides of the mouth, anterior and posterior teeth, and buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth. Pearson’s correlation analysis was conducted (p < 0.05).ResultsThe mean full-mouth QLF-D score was highly correlated with the GI, BOP, PPD, PHP index (p < 0.01). The mean full-mouth QLF-D score showed the highest correlation with GI (r = 0.749) and the lowest correlation with PPD (r = 0.683). The correlations between the QLF-D score were higher in the mandible than in the maxilla and in the anterior teeth than in the posterior teeth, while no significant differences were seen between the buccal and lingual surfaces of tooth.ConclusionsThis study concluded that the correlations between the plaque indices measured for each tooth surface area using QLF-D and the clinical indices assessed were significantly high, and it allowed objective determination of the gingival status. Therefore, the plaque index measured using QLF-D may be used as an alternative to supplement the shortcomings of conventional clinical indices for educating patients about plaque control and continued patient oral care.