Pathology Results Of Patients Research Articles

The Role of Inflammatory Markers in Distinguishing Endometrial Polyp: Single Center Results

Objective: To investigate the role of inflammatory markers in predicting the presence of endometrial polyps in patients undergoing endometrial sampling due to abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: The pathology results of patients who presented to Akçakoca State Hospital with abnormal uterine bleeding and underwent endometrial sampling between May 2023 and July 2023 were retrospectively examined. The demographic characteristics of the patients, platelet-lymphocyte, neutrophil-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-monocyte ratios and systemic immune inflammation index were calculated. Patients were categorized into endometrial polyps and other benign pathologies according to the pathological diagnosis. Malignant and premalignant lesions were not included in the study. The examination results and inflammatory markers were compared between these two groups. Results: 89 patients were included in the study. While the pathological finding in 38 patients was an endometrial polyp, other benign pathologies were found in 51 patients. No significant difference was found in terms of hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, neutrophils and PDW variables in patients with endometrial polyps (p>0.05). PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) and SII (systemic immune-inflammatory index) were significantly higher in the endometrial polyp group compared to other benign pathologies (p

Assessing the impact of lubricant on liquid-based Pap smear test outcomes: a randomized clinical trial.

Since today cervical cancers are growing, there is an increasing need to use screening and examination methods. Meanwhile, liquid-based Pap smear test is a common screening method for women, which is widely applied today. Studies have found that use of lubricant gel in this test can affect the pathology and cytology results. Accordingly, the authors intended to evaluate the effect of use of lubricant gel on the Pap smear test results. This study was of single-blind clinical trial, the study population consisted of candidate patients for screening in terms of cervical pathology, for whom liquid-based Pap smear was done. In this study, 506 patients participated, divided into two groups of 253. One group used lubricant gel during the Pap smear, while the other group underwent this test without lubricant. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21. The study results indicated that once the two groups were compared in terms of age, interval of menstruation time and intercourse time from the sampling, no significant relationship was found between the two groups (P>0.05). It was also found that use of lubricant did not affect the cytology and pathology results of patients (P>0.05). The use of lubricant gel in patients can reduce pain in patients during examination and testing, but does not affect the cytological and pathological results of patients.

Evaluation of Endometrial Histopathology of Patients Presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Objective: Abnormal uterine bleeding is an important symptom frequently encountered in the gynecology outpatient clinic. In our study, it was aimed to determine the endometrial pathologies that cause abnormal uterine bleeding. Material and methods: The pathology results of patients who applied to our clinic with the complaint of abnormal uterine bleeding and underwent endometrial sampling were retrospectively analyzed. Findings were classified and compared according to whether the patients were in the postmenopausal or premenopausal period. Results: A total of 878 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 47.59±7.91/year. The most common symptom was menometrorrhagia 58.1%. The most common pathological finding was endometrial polyp in both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients (29.69% and 24.31%). The incidence of premalignant and malignant lesions was 2.7% in premenopausal patients and 8.25% in postmenopausal patients. Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding may be associated with malignancies in both postmenopausal and premenopausal patients. Performing endometrial sampling in patients presenting with this symptom is of great importance in providing early diagnosis and treatment of malignant and premalignant lesions.

Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Çölyak Hastalığı: Retrospektif Bir Analiz

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the medical parameters of celiac disease cases in the preschool age group in terms of public health and to make recommendations to health professionals, policy makers and the society. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between February 2017 and December 2018 in Şanlıurfa Education and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic. Clinical and laboratory findings of preschool children diagnosed with celiac disease were retrospectively analyzed. Anamnesis, physical examination findings, laboratory findings, endoscopic biopsies and pathology results of pati-ents were evaluated. Results: The most common presenting complaint was growth retardation (96.3%), followed by chronic diarrhea (32.5%) and constipation (27.5%). Height-for-age and weight-for-age values were found to be lower in patients with chronic diarrhea and duodenitis compared to those without (p<0.05). Patients with strong positive tissue transglutaminase-IgA (tTG IgA) levels had significantly higher Marsh scores (p<0.05). Conclusions: For preschool-age children, initiating the diet via early diagnosis and ensuring adherence to diet are the main objectives. Children adhering to the diet have a higher success in elementary school and a shorter adaptation period.

Abstract P3-04-01: The role of routine post-operative mammogram after breast conserving surgery

Abstract Introduction: The use of routine post-operative mammogram (RPM) in search of residual calcifications after breast conserving surgery (BCS) remains controversial due to a paucity of data and conflicting results. In our institution it is common practice is to send all patients who presented with malignant calcifications and underwent BCS with negative surgical margins for RPM before radiotherapy. Patients are also sent for post-operative mammogram if they had malignant calcifications and positive surgical margins, to look for residual calcifications and use localization to ensure their removal in the re-excision. Methods: We reviewed the records of 182 patients in our institution referred for RPM between January 7, 2018, and July 14, 2021. Continuous variables were described using medians and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables were described as frequencies and percentages. Logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with residual calcifications. Results: Median patient age was 59 (48-67) and 39 (21.4%) patients received neoadjuvant systemic treatment. Eighty-five (46.7%) patients had pure DCIS and 66 (36.3%) had mixed IDC with DCIS. On surgical pathology 14 (7.7%) patients had involved surgical margins and an additional 28 (15.3%) had margins less than 2 mm to pure DCIS. Tumor characteristics and RPM results are presented in table 1. Of the 19 (10.4%) patients with suspicious residual calcifications on RPM, 17 (89%) underwent biopsy of the calcifications and the other 2 (11%) patients were referred directly for re-excision. Seven (36.8%) of the patients with suspicious residual calcifications had DCIS. No patients had residual invasive disease. The pathology results of patients with residual calcifications on RPM are presented table 2. Of the 7 patients with residual DCIS, 4 underwent re-lumpectomy, 2 underwent completion mastectomy and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. Additional DCIS was found in all the re-excisions. Two patients with residual DCIS had surgical margins under 2mm from pure DCIS while 5 patients (2.7% of all patients) had no indication for postoperative imaging or re-excision and the residual disease was identified solely based on the mammographic findings. Close or involved surgical margins were not significantly associated with residual calcifications on post-operative mammogram. Age under 50 was the only factor significantly associated with residual calcifications (OR 3.2 95% CI 1.1-9.7) and residual DCIS (OR=11 95% CI 1.13-109). Conclusion: In our cohort RPM revealed a small percentage of cases of residual DCIS that would have otherwise gone untreated. Larger studies are required to better identify factors associated with residual disease on RPM and to identify its impact on local recurrences. Table 1: Tumor characteristics and RPM results Table 2: Pathological results of patients with residual suspicious calcifications on RPM Citation Format: Opher Globus, Keren Grinin, Orit Keidar-Person, Einav Nili-Gal Yam, Keren Levanon, Naama Herman. The role of routine post-operative mammogram after breast conserving surgery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-01.

Evaluation of colonoscopy and pathology results of patients who underwent colonoscopy due to fecal occult blood test positivity: A single center experience

Objective: The most important part of improving colorectal cancer prognosis is to detect and treat in the early stage. The most effective way to do this is screening programs. Fecal occult blood test is one of the most frequently used methods in the screening program. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the colonoscopy and histopathological findings of patients who underwent colonoscopy due to positive fecal occult blood test.
 Methods: Patients who had a positive fecal occult blood test between January 2016 and December 2018 and underwent colonoscopy to investigate the etiology were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, colonoscopy findings and histopathological results of the patients were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records.
 Results: A total of 325 patients were included in the study. Of the patients, 146 (44.9%) were male, 179 (55.1%) were female, and their mean age was 58.4±9.3 years. Colonoscopic findings of 140 patients (43.1%) were normal. Polyps in 89 (27.4%) patients, perianal disease in 46 (15.1%), diverticulum in 20 (6.2%), inflammatory bowel disease in 8 (2.4%), solitary rectal ulcers in 4 (1.2%) patients and colorectal cancer in 18 (5.5%) of them was detected.
 Conclusion: Fecal occult blood test is a cost-effective and easy-to-apply method used in colorectal cancer screening programs together with colonoscopy, helping to detect both cancer and precancerous lesions and increase the survival rate.

Orta seviye torakal vertebra fraktürlerinde perkütan balon kifoplasti deneyimi

Aim: Balloon kyphoplasty is a popular minimally invasive technique for vertebral fractures. Although vertebral fractures occur mostly in the thoracolumbar region, compression fractures can be seen in the entire vertebral column. The mid-thoracic levels are difficult areas in terms of complications in minimally invasive procedures. Our study aimed to examine the effect of balloon kyphoplasty on vertebral height, kyphosis angle, and cement leaks as a complication in mid-thoracic vertebral fractures.
 Materials and Methods: Radiological images, patient files, and pathology results of patients who underwent kyphoplasty due to a single or multiple mid-thoracic vertebral fractures between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.
 Results: A total of 19 patients (9 males and 10 females) and 28 operated vertebrae were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 58.42±18.79 (23-86) years, and the mean operation time was 40.18±15.01 minutes (17-99). The amount of cement used during the procedures was 3.68±1.13 mL (1.5-7), and postoperative cement leakage was observed in 12 levels (42.9%). Anterior and median vertebral heights and kyphosis angle improved significantly compared to preoperative values (p

Analysis of Helicobacter pylori positiveness and upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy results of Yozgat region in Turkey

Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the endoscopy and pathology results of patients who underwent endoscopy in Yozgat region, to determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positivity and to compare the results with the data in the literature.
 Material and Method: Among the patients who applied to our clinic for any reason between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2019, 772 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy were included in the study and analyzed retrospectively.
 Results: The mean age of the patients was 50±16.78 (16–89). 61.3% (n=473) of the patients were female; 38.7% (n=299) were male. When gastroscopic diagnoses were evaluated, the rate of patients reported as "normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy" was found to be 5.2% (n= 40). The most frequently reported diagnosis was “nonerosive gastritis” with a rate of 59.2% (n=457). Biopsy was obtained in 646 of 772 patients. The most common diagnosis was reported as “chronic active gastritis” with 90.6% (n=585). 626 of the patients had H. pylori pathological evaluation results. While 18.7% (n=117) of the patients were found to be H. pylori negative, 81.3% (n=509) were found to be H. pylori positive. Stomach cancer was found to be 1.3% (n=9) and esophageal cancer was found to be 0.1% (n=1).
 Conclusion: In the Yozgat region, the frequency of H. pylori positivity was found to be 81.3%, and it is often mildly (+) positive. In addition, the frequency of H. pylori positivity was similar between men and women, consistent with the literature. The most common diagnosis was reported as "chronic active gastritis". While stomach cancer was detected at a rate of 1.3%, esophageal cancer was found at a rate of 0.1%.

A Retrospective Analysis of Nasopharyngeal Biopsy Results in Adult Patients.

IntroductionThe widespread use of endoscopic evaluation in otolaryngology practice enables early diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the complaints, endoscopic examination findings, preferred radiological imaging methods, and pathology results of patients who underwent endoscopic nasopharyngeal biopsy.MethodsMedical records of 956 patients (543 males and 413 females) who underwent nasopharyngeal biopsy between 2013 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Age, gender, application complaint, endoscopic imaging findings, preferred radiological imaging methods, and biopsy results of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped as benign and malignant according to their pathological diagnosis. Statistical evaluation was made between the benign and malignant groups in terms of parameters.ResultsThe age range of the patients was 16-88 years. Pathology results of 102 patients were reported as malignancy. The most common malignancy was undifferentiated non-keratinized carcinoma (2.5%). The most frequently reported benign pathology was chronic nonspecific inflammation. The most common complaint was nasal congestion, which was observed at a rate of 63.1%. The most frequently requested radiological imaging was MRI with 43.1%.ConclusionThe image of the masses found during endoscopic examination is very important to make a decision of malignancy. Even if the repeated biopsy is performed in patients with biopsy due to suspicious mass or with additional symptoms for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, radiological imaging is important for the exclusion of malignancy.

Lung Pathology in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with the Novel SARS-Cov-2 Virus

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a well-recognized clinical problem first described in the late sixties. However, its relevance seems to have increased since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) outbreak, as 14% (CI 95% 2% to 59%) of patients admitted to the hospital present with this syndrome. Conceptually, a syndrome is a group of symptoms and signs that correspond to several diseases. Although defining disease is much harder than may appear at first glance, we can view it as the association between a syndrome and a pathology pattern. Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is the morphological hallmark of ARDS, although studies performed in autopsies and patients have demonstrated that it is present in only half of ARDS patients. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and the high incidence of ARDS associated with this infection have triggered a natural question: is the lung pathology similar in patients with ARDS associated with traditional risk factors than to SARS-CoV-2 infection? This review aims to analyze the lung pathology results of patients infected with the novel SARS Cov-2. As this article targets non-intensive care physicians, we will first describe the main characteristics of the novel SARS-Cov-2 and the ARDS definition, and then the lung pathology results from the UCI in this group of patients.

Nuances in transcanal endoscopic surgical technique for glomus tympanicum tumors.

To describe the utility and nuances of transcanal endoscopic surgery (TCES) on glomus tympanicum tumors from a single surgeon's experience. Twelve patients, eight female and four males, diagnosed pre-operatively with glomus tympanicum tumors. They all underwent endoscopic resection by a single surgeon. Feasibility of endoscopic resection of glomus tympanicum tumors without conversion to a microscopic approach. Secondary outcomes include tumor stage, pre and post-operative audiometry, vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and integrity of the facial nerve, ossicles, chorda tympani and tympanic membrane. Twelve patients underwent TCES, eight patient's pathology results were glomus tympanicum, ranging from Glasscock-Jackson grade I-III. Due to loss in follow up, 6/8 patients had complete audiometric data, which were analyzed. Average pre-operative air-bone-gap (ABG) was 5.41 compared to post-operative ABG of 5.08 (p>0.89). No patients resulted in any, post-operative vertigo, tinnitus, SNHL, facial nerve injury or chorda tympani nerve injury. Two patients had intentional tympanic membrane perforations secondary to tumor adherence to the membrane. They were repaired with tragal perichondrium graft. No patients have had any recurrences. Endoscopic resection of glomus tympanicum tumors is a feasible and effective, alternative visualization modality for the neurotologist. Surgical pearls are described herein.

Is diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) a requirement for suspected cholesteatoma in patients to undergo primary surgery?

Aim: In this study, the aim was to investigate the correlation of preoperative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) with postoperative pathology findings in patients undergoing tympanomastoidectomy with suspicion of primary cholesteatoma. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of the retrospective evaluation of preoperative MRIs, surgical findings and pathology results of patients who underwent tympanomastoidectomy and had preoperative DW-MRI at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology between the years 2017 and 2019. Results: The study was conducted with 199 patients who underwent tympanomastoidectomy surgery. A retrospective examination of patient files revealed that 80 (40.2%) of the patients underwent echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) because of suspected cholesteatoma in the preoperative period. Of these 80 patients, cholesteatoma was detected in 22 (27.5%) as a result of pathological analysis and/or surgery, but no diffusion restriction was found in MRI interpretation; in 44 (55%) of them, both cholesteatoma in pathological analysis and/or surgery and diffusion restriction in MRI interpretation were detected. In 10 (12.5%) of these 80 patients, cholesteatoma was not detected either in the MRI interpretation or in the pathological analysis and/or surgery. In the remaining 4 (5%) patients, there was a cholesteatoma suspicion in MRI, but it was not detected as a result of pathological analysis or surgery. In this study, the sensitivity of MRI for the diagnosis of cholesteatoma was 66.6%, and its specificity was 71.4%. Conclusion: MRI provides moderately (66.6%) reliable information in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma patients. However, it is more reliable (71.4%) when it comes to exclusion of the disease. Therefore, it should not be used as the sole determining factor in patients who will undergo primary surgery with suspected cholesteatoma. As much as our study results provide guidance for a more accurate use of imaging methods, series with higher numbers of patients are needed.

The role of abdominal radiography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: Is it important?

Aim: Most of the patients presenting to the emergency department with an preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) are undergoing standing plain abdominal radiography (SPAR), but SPAR's contribution to the diagnosis of AA is being questioned today. The aim of our study is to evaluate the importance of SPAR in the diagnosis of AA to elucidate this controversial issue. Material and Methods: We evaluated preoperative SPAR findings and pathology results of patients who were operated with the diagnosis of AA between 2014 and 2017 at General Surgery Department of Ordu University Training and Research Hospital. The relationship between the presence/absence of the SPAR findings and the diagnosis of AA were analyzed. Results: 140 (77.8%) of 180 patients who were operated for suspicion of AA underwent SPAR. Of the 105 patients with SPAR findings, 90 (85.7%) had AA and 15 (14.3%) were no. No findings were found in the 35 of patients who underwent SPAR, 25 (71.4%) had AA and 10 (28.6%) did not. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnosis of AA in patients with and without SPAR findings (p = 0.098). Of the 140 patients undergoing SPAR, 115 (82.1%) had AA, and 25 (17.9%) were no. Of the 40 patients without SPAR, 27 (67.5%) had AA and 13 (32.5%) did not. Whether or not SPAR was performed did not affect the diagnosis of AA (p = 0.07). Conclusion: SPAR rarely helps in diagnosis of AA. SPAR should not be routinely taken to every patient considered AA. If there is another cause of acute abdomen other than AA as a pre-diagnosis in the physician's mind, SPAR may be taken because it is cheap, accessible and easily interpretable.

Comparison of Preoperative Ultrasonography and Pathology Results of Patients Undergoing Appendectomy

Comparison of Preoperative Ultrasonography and Pathology Results of Patients Undergoing Appendectomy

The importance of age and menopausal status in endometrial complex hyperplasia with atypia

The effects of menopausal status and age on the intra-operative and post-operative pathology results of patients operated on with a pre-operative diagnosis of complex hyperplasia with atypia (CHA) were assessed. A hundred and eleven patients diagnosed in our centre between January 1993 and March 2013 were included. Cancer was detected in the paraffin blocks (PBs) of 52 (46.8%) patients. Among these, 50 patients had stage-IA disease. In 31.1% of the pre-menopausal patients and 66% of the post-menopausal patients, PB revealed cancer (p < 0.0001). The results of frozen section (FS) and PB were concordant in 51% and 70% in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal patients, respectively (p = 0.041). In the patients operated on with a pre-operative diagnosis of CHA, the probability of detecting cancer in PB increases with increasing age and menopause. The reliability of FS is limited in younger and pre-menopausal patients.

G593 Team pod: a quality improvement sprint to improve pathology services

Whilst working as trainees in a Paediatric department, it became apparent that there were significant delays in patient pathology results. This impacted on patient care, delaying management decisions and discharges, as well as wasting clinicians’ time and hospital resources. We brought this specific issue to a Quality Improvement Sprint; a 2 day hackathon, which served as a catalyst for change. Our team of doctors, managers, design students and an engineer (who subsequently became known as Team Pod) performed an onsite analysis of the process from patient bedside to pathology laboratory. The wide range of skill sets and experiences within the team were invaluable for this process. We spent time on the wards, shadowing porters, interviewed staff and using the systems in place, gaining valuable insights into the multifaceted problem. Many hindrances were highlighted. Equipment on the ward was poorly organised and sample volumes required for various investigations were unclear. Although the hospital had a pneumatic rapid delivery system (Pod System), which took minutes to deliver samples to the laboratory, it was rarely used by ward staff. Most samples were being transferred via a porter, which could take hours. A small portering team covers a vast number of clinical areas. Most pod stations had insufficient or no pods available, and there was a general notion amongst staff that the pod system was ‘unreliable.’ Fascinatingly, we discovered that the porters were among the highest users of the pod system. They were gathering samples, then sending them to the laboratories using the pod station in their porters’ lodge. Often the porters were even unable to access the laboratories after hours so could not hand-deliver. Furthermore, many of the pods were unlabeled, so laboratory staff did not know which wards to return them to, and therefore sent them to the highest users (A&E or the Porters) perpetuating the cycle. We calculated that the overall inefficiencies in the blood sampling and transfer process was costing the trust an estimated £1.7 million per year (time spent finding equipment, waiting for porters, calling up laboratories, repeating tests, and delayed discharges). Having better identified the nature of the inefficiencies, we formulated a problem statement, and proposed distinct initiatives. This included a re-organisation of equipment on the wards, which we instigated via the ward managers. A paediatric specific reference chart with accurate blood volumes and bottles for tests has been developed. We also approached security services and ensured that all porters had appropriate access to the laboratories during and out of hours. Most significantly, we presented our findings and a business case to the trust pathology lead, and a new pod system with trackable ‘chipped’ pods was approved and implemented. The chipped pods are programmed to always return to their designated station. We then launched a ‘pod campaign’ to raise awareness of the new system within the trust. The aim was to change the culture and engage staff to realise the benefits and time saved by using the new pod system. This improvement project demonstrates how basic practices within a hospital can be improved if staff take ownership of the systems they use and engage in efforts to understand and improve processes, and change culture. It was hugely beneficial to have a team with varied experiences and perspectives, and to have dedicated time to focus on a particular issue. Following the two-day hackathon, continued significant efforts were required to see the changes delivered, but the team were motivated and enthused to make a difference. By running these events regularly within NHS trusts, it is possible to mobilise staff to initiate improvements for the care of their patients.

Better understanding in the differentiation of thyroid follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Background. To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (US), US-guided fine-needle aspiration (USFNA) and intraoperative frozen section (FS) in follicular neoplasm. Methods. US features, USFNA cytology, and FS results were compared based on the pathology results of patients with follicular adenoma (FA), follicular carcinoma (FC), and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC). Results. FC and FVPTC showed significantly higher rates of suspicious US features (P < 0.05) and positive findings on either US or cytology, 80.0% and 90.7%, compared to FA, 64.5% (P = 0.001). Intraoperative FS showed higher malignant rates in FVPTC and FC (81.8% and 75.0%, resp.), compared to FA (3.8%, P < 0.001). Conclusion. Suspicious US features were more significantly seen in FC and FVPTC compared to FA. Intraoperative FS is useful in the differential diagnosis of these lesions and supplements cytology results of USFNA.