Past Achievements Research Articles

Exclusion of Fundamental English Language Course: Learners’ and Teachers’ Perspectives in The Context of Barishal University, Bangladesh

Realizing the value of developing learners’ English language skill in the present global context, this study aims at exploring situational variables responsible for the exclusion of Fundamental English language course from the undergraduate syllabuses of Barishal University, Bangladesh and finding out teachers’ and learners’ perception towards this course. This empirical research gathered both quantitative and qualitative data from two important stakeholders of this institution- students and teachers. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaire studies both from students and teachers and qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with the teachers. Quantitative data revealed that 89.47% students considered it a useful course as 80.26% students and 66% teachers believed it helped them to develop their communicative skill in English. Though 71.43% teachers opined that learners past achievements in English was not sufficient to pursue higher education, 80.52% student respondents held students already having sufficient command was the main reason behind the exclusion. On the other hand, the main reasons behind exclusion identified by the teachers were the traditional course content, students’ low satisfaction level, credit limitation, no qualitative change in students’ communication skill and limited budget of the authority. However, the qualitative data revealed instead of omission, some timely modifications in the course content and teaching strategies would have been more beneficial for the students. Therefore, this study will provide fresh insights for Barishal University authority and teachers, who are involved in curriculum development, in designing an effective curriculum by considering the situational factors which contributed to the exclusion of Fundamental English course and by addressing learners needs and perceptions regarding this course.

The Journal of Medical Biography is 30 years old: Past achievements and future prospects.

The Journal of Medical Biography is 30 years old: Past achievements and future prospects.

High-order harmonic generation in laser-induced low-density plasma: past and recent achievements

High-order harmonic generation in laser-induced low-density plasma: past and recent achievements

A systematic review on high speed selective jet electrodeposition manufacturing

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present current state of understanding on jet electrodeposition manufacturing; to compare various experimental parameters and their implication on as deposited features; and to understand the characteristics of jet electrodeposition deposition defects and its preventive procedures through available research articles.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review has been done based on available research articles focused on jet electrodeposition and its characteristics. The review begins with a brief introduction to micro-electrodeposition and high-speed selective jet electrodeposition (HSSJED). The research and developments on how jet electrochemical manufacturing are clustered with conventional micro-electrodeposition and their developments. Furthermore, this study converges on comparative analysis on HSSJED and recent research trends in high-speed jet electrodeposition of metals, their alloys and composites and presents potential perspectives for the future research direction in the final section.FindingsEdge defect, optimum nozzle height and controlled deposition remain major challenges in electrochemical manufacturing. On-situ deposition can be used as initial structural material for micro and nanoelectronic devices. Integration of ultrasonic, laser and acoustic source to jet electrochemical manufacturing are current trends that are promising enhanced homogeneity, controlled density and porosity with high precision manufacturing.Originality/valueThis paper discusses the key issue associated to high-speed jet electrodeposition process. Emphasis has been given to various electrochemical parameters and their effect on deposition. Pros and cons of variations in electrochemical parameters have been studied by comparing the available reports on experimental investigations. Defects and their preventive measures have also been discussed. This review presented a summary of past achievements and recent advancements in the field of jet electrochemical manufacturing.

India's rainfed sorghum improvement: Three decades of genetic gain assessment for yield, grain quality, grain mold and shoot fly resistance.

Sorghum is a climate-resilient cereal and staple food crop for more than 200 million people in arid and semi-arid countries of Asia and Africa. Despite the economic importance, the productivity of sorghum in India is constrained by biotic and abiotic stresses such as incidences of shoot fly, grain mold and drought. Indian sorghum breeding focused on dual-purpose (grain and fodder), short-duration varieties with multiple resistance/tolerance to pests and diseases and improved nutritional quality (high protein, iron and zinc and low fat). In this context, it is important to ascertain the genetic progress made over 30 years by assessing the efficiency of past achievements in genetic yield potential and to facilitate future genetic improvement. The current study determined the genetic gain in 24 sorghum varieties developed by the national and state level research systems during 1990-2020. The 24 varieties were evaluated for three years (2018-2020) at six locations in Telangana state for yield, nutritional characteristics and tolerance to shoot fly and grain mold. The absolute grain yield genetic gain from the base year 1990 is 44.93 kg/ha/yr over the first released variety CSV 15. The realized mean yield increased from 2658 kg/ha of the variety CSV 15 in 1990s to 4069 kg/ha of SPV 2579 developed in 2020s. The absolute genetic gain for grain mold resistance is -0.11 per year with an overall relative gain of 1.46% over CSV 15. The top varieties for grain yield (SPV 2579, SPV 2678 and SPV 2578), fodder yield (PYPS 2, SPV 2769 and SPV 2679), shoot fly tolerance (PYPS 8, PYPS 2 and SPV 2179), mold tolerance (PYPS 8, PYPS 2 and SPV 2579) and high protein (PYPS 8, PYPS 2 and SPV 2769) were identified for possible scale up and further use in breeding program diversification. The study revealed that sorghum varieties bred with diverse genetic backgrounds such as landraces and with tolerance to pests and diseases had stable yield performance. Application of genomics and other precision tools can double genetic gains for these traits to strengthen sorghum cultivation in rainfed areas serving food and nutrition security.

Special Issue “10th Anniversary of Catalysts: Biocatalysis in Analysis and Synthesis—Past, Present and Future”

The milestone of the 10th anniversary of Catalysts is a great time to reflect on past accomplishments, present progress and challenges, as well as to identify future challenges and opportunities [...]

The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery: conception, gestation, and delivery.

More than two thirds of the global population lack access to safe, affordable surgical and anesthesia care. This inequity disproportionately affects children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In 2016, a group of pediatric surgical care providers founded the Global Initiative for Children's Surgery (GICS). Their goal was to assemble a multidisciplinary team of specialists and advocates to improve surgical care for children, with a particular emphasis on those in low-resource settings. This review details the history of GICS, the process of its inception, the values guiding its work, its past achievements, and its current initiatives. The experience of GICS may serve as an effective model for global collaboration on other areas of public and global health.

Challenges for chemistry in Ukraine after the war: Ukrainian science requires rebuilding and support

The unprovoked Russian invasion has created considerable challenges for Ukrainian science. In this article, we discuss actions needed to support and rebuild Ukrainian science and educational systems. The proposed actions take into account past Ukrainian scientific achievements including developments in organic chemistry.

The Bell inequalities: Commentary on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022

<p indent="0mm">The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 was awarded to three experiment physicists: Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, for their contributions to “experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science”. In this paper, the history, basics, and applications related with the Bell inequalities are reviewed. The discussion of fundamental issues on quantum mechanics dated back to the year 1927 when the fifth Solvay conference was held, highlighting intense arguments between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. At the time, Einstein expressed, publicly for the first time, his critical attitude towards quantum mechanics. While the arguments did not reach a decisive conclusion, Bohr’s probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics, the Copenhagen interpretation, had since been well circulated among the community. Einstein’s arguments with Bohr lasted many years after the conference. The arguably most famous one was the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox, proposed in a 1935 paper written by the three authors. They stated, by flawless reasoning, that quantum mechanics is ‘incomplete’. Bohr replied immediately. So did Erwin Schrödinger, who, in particular, coined the term ‘entangled’ for the first time to describe the bizarre quantum mechanical property. Nevertheless, the EPR paper received few citations at its publication, until 1990’s when quantum information science started blossoming. From today’s perspective, the paper resembles the ‘sleeping beauty’ who slumbered for decades before fully awakening. It has been widely accepted that it was John S. Bell who eventually resolved the EPR paradox. But many important figures before him should not go unnoticed, including John A. Wheeler, Chien-Shiung Wu, David Bohm, to name a few. In 1964, Bell wrote down a mathematical inequality which satisfies local hidden variable theory but which can be violated in quantum mechanics. The significance is that Bell’s inequality brings the rather philosophic debates on the EPR paradox down to be experimentally testable. Hence, an experiment is here appealing, as is the case in all fields of physics. To the end, John F. Clauser, alongside Stuart J. Freedman, conducted an experiment in 1972 to test a Bell inequality, the Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality, proposed by him and his collaborators in 1969. The results, however, leaves loopholes open. One of the loopholes was closed in a later experiment led by Alain Aspect in 1982. The Bell-CHSH inequality was later tested under a much stricter condition by Anton Zeilinger’s team. Two most important loopholes were both closed by three teams in 2015 independently. Zeilinger’s team was among them. Almost all experiments to date have confirmed quantum mechanical predictions. Zeilinger’s team also performed the first teleportation of unknown quantum states, the first entanglement swapping, along with other contributions pioneering the quantum information science. In retrospect, the foundational study of quantum theory has been developed over a century. It once drew much of quantum physics founders’ attention, went virtually unnoticed while other physical fields advanced, had for quite a while been considered to have very weak relationship with major physics, and finally revived in recent decades leading to rapid progress in quantum information science and quantum technology. We believe that the Nobel Prize in Physics this year is not only an award and recognition to past achievements, but also heralds a new era of science in future.

Innovative Technologies in Physical Education: Adapting to a Postmodern Society

The article highlights innovative technologies in the context of physical education as one of the main factors of postmodern society. The main features of innovative technologies as an effective way to develop personal competencies and the formation of value orientations are defined in the context of the study. Physical education contributes to the development of individual personality traits, as well as forming the health-saving foundations of the development of society in the perspective of evolution. Postmodern trends in the formation of society are defined by new worldview manifestations, when people lose meaning in certain value aspects and realize that past achievements can be neutralized. The physical education of a person forms the idea of the value of health, both in the past and in the future. It is this principle that defined the research problem.&#x0D; It is determined that innovative technology is a sign of a postmodern society, because innovation is one of the characteristic features of the postmodern. Innovative technologies are most effective both in educational activities and in physical education. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of postmodern society and innovative technologies were analyzed in the course of the study. Also identified the main aspects of physical education in the context of the modern dimension. The article explores the peculiarities of the use of innovative technologies in the aspect of physical education. &#x0D; In the course of the study we used methods of analysis and synthesis, descriptive method and method of content analysis. This study provided the basis for determining the conceptual basis for the effectiveness of innovative technologies as postmodern approaches in the process of physical education.

A retrospective analysis of Journal of Forecasting: From 1982 to 2019

AbstractThis research offers a thorough examination of Journal of Forecasting (JoF) from two angles. On the one hand, this research examines a total of 1403 publications indexed by Web of Science (WoS) from 1982 to 2019. Not only some fundamental statistics like the number of publications and citations each year, the most prolific countries/regions/authors, the highly cited countries/regions/authors, and papers are counted, but content analysis is also done to look at things like document co‐citation clusters and hot and emerging subjects. On the other hand, to illustrate the knowledge flow of JoF that underlies citation connections, this research, which is based on the citing papers of JoF publications, exposes the direction of JoF knowledge dissemination from Economics and Management (i.e., the categories where JoF belongs) to other categories. Moreover, a deeper investigation on semantic clustering of five representative categories is conducted to figure out what topics are the citing papers of JoF are most interested in and whether there is any relationship between the knowledge of these categories and the knowledge produced by JoF. The framework for journal evaluation presented in this research is novel and comprehensive. With this comprehensive perspective, we are able to look back on past accomplishments, identify historical patterns of knowledge spread, illustrate the current course of development, and partially predict future dynamics.

고등학생을 위한 선거토론 듣기 교육 내용 연구

Objectives In this study, in preparation for the lowering of the election age, the contents of election debate listening education, one of the important political events, were studied so that adolescents can exercise their current or future responsible voting rights. Methods To this end, in this study, the functional theory of Benoit, a theoretical framework mainly used when analyzing election debates, was analyzed to suit learners, and the 19th presidential candidate debate data was discourse-analysis. Results As a result, election debates could be largely divided into claims in policy and person categories, and policies could be divided into past actions, policy mistakes, and future plans and general goals. And in the debate at the person level, it could be classified into individual qualities, leadership ability, and political ideals. In particular, in the data of this study, colorist attacks frequently appeared in terms of past achievements and actions, and fierce battles were fought over the issues of costs and required budgets in relation to pledges. And much of the time was spent attacking personal qualities. Conclusions Learners should understand that each candidate's utterance in the election debate is a high strategic outcome and analyze the effectiveness and appropriateness of these strategic aspects. This study also provided implications for this.

Intertextual Aspects of Productions of Ukrainian Folk-Stage Choreography

The purpose of the article is to reveal the specificity of intertextuality in the choreographic text of Ukrainian folk stage dance productions. The research methodology is determined by the complexity and multifacetedness of the production of folk stage choreography as an artistic work and is represented by a combination of various research approaches, namely interdisciplinary, systemic, and cultural. The purpose of the study led to the use of comparative, structural-semiotic, hermeneutic, and intertextual analysis methods widely adapted in modern humanitarian science, the main principle of which is to consider the choreographic text as an open system that enters into various relationships with other systems. Intertextual analysis plays an important role in revealing the concept of a choreographic work, its relevance is based on the idea of dialogic essence and continuity of culture. Scientific novelty. The performance of folk stage choreography is studied through the prism of the concept of intertextuality of Yu. Kristeva and theoretical approaches to the study of the text of R. Barthes; the role of the choreographer-director and the audience in the context of the creation and interpretation of the choreographic text is considered; the concept of “intertextuality” in the context of the choreographic text of the production of folk stage choreography is clarified; it was found that the character of intertextuality directly depends on the specifics of communication, which is determined by the nature of the choreographic text of folk-stage forms. Conclusions. As a result of the extrapolation of Yu. Kristeva's concept of intertextuality and theoretical approaches to the study of R. Barth's text to folk-stage choreography, it was found that: the choreographic text of a folk-stage performance is created by means of synthesising various quotes that refer to a variety of cultural sources; in the multidimensional space of the folk stage production, the process of systematic birth of meaning and its release takes place; the concept of intertextuality in the context of the production of folk stage choreography blurs the contours of the choreographic text, turning it into an infinite artistic dimension of connections and associations. The conducted analysis allows us to define the phenomenon of intertextuality of folk-stage choreography performances as a special choreographic intertextual space, in the middle of which there is accumulation, coexistence and constant interaction of all the diversity of vocabulary of authentic and folk-stage dance. In its middle, any element of a folk dance is immersed in a general cultural context and correlates with an array of other choreographic texts, multiplying its own content, relevance and interpretive possibilities. Intertextual interactions in the choreographic text of a folk-stage dance provide an opportunity for the choreographer-director to enter the continuum of eternal themes of folk culture, enter into an artistic dialogue with the past achievements of dance culture and, thus, reflect their own vision of the scene-content part of the folk-stage dance, which, in turn, expands the figurative system of the new choreographic work, emphasises its multi-layeredness and serves as a basis for various interpretations. The choreographer-producer of the folk stage dance interacts not only with the reality surrounding them, but also with the entire corpus of their previous and contemporary choreographic works, and most importantly with folk dance primary sources, being in a state of permanent dialogue with them. The text of a folk stage choreographic production consists of various elements that come from different cultures, enter into a relationship of dialogue, parody, discussion with each other – all this multiplicity is focused in a certain point, which is the viewer. The viewer’s role in the interpretation of the choreographic text is crucial, as their previous experience, cultural and educational background will undoubtedly influence the amount of meaning they can obtain when viewing the choreographic work. Accordingly, the choreographic text acquires unity not in its origin, but in its purpose. The analysis of the manifestation of intertextuality as one of the fundamental techniques in the productions of folk stage choreography requires considering them as works that consist of texts that are actualised in a specific semiotic context and contribute to the preservation of Ukrainian folk dance culture in particular and the cultural memory of Ukrainians in general.&#x0D; Key words: improvisation, dance improvisation, improvisation in choreography, dance.

Administrative law tools regulating high-rise construction in historic city districts: Ukraine and Germany

Historical quarters in cities are a living embodiment of people’s culture and their collective memory, which preserve their heritage and past achievements. Urban identity depends on meeting the current needs while preserving the past. At the same time, urbanization exercise pressure on most countries, therefore they require updating administrative law regulation tools capable of protecting the identity of the rich national heritage. The aim of the article was a comparative legal analysis of the realities and prospects of preservation of historical districts of cities in the context of the practice of administrative law regulation of Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany. The methods of comparative legal analysis and observation were the leading methodological tools. The research revealed specific physical, socio-economic, and socio-cultural factors of urbanization, which caused noticeable and significant changes in the features of the administrative law tools that regulate urban planning. It was established that the widespread German concept providing that every planning act of a lower-level body must take into account certain mandatory provisions established by the acts of higher-level bodies is gradually being tested in Ukraine. It is substantiated that the armed aggression of the Russian Federation forces Ukraine to take further actions to build new safe real estate objects and preserving historically significant buildings that were damaged by war. In this context, the national administrative law tools that regulate urban planning in Ukraine will also be transformed. The vector of further scientific research will be a comparison of the practice of implementing administrative law tools that regulate urban planning in terms of post-war reconstruction in the selected states.

Prediction Model and Data Simulation of Sports Performance Based on the Artificial Intelligence Algorithm.

There is still a certain deviation between the current artificial intelligence technology and the traditional learning mode, which makes it unable to be effectively applied in teaching and learning. Therefore, an effective method needs to be proposed to use functions to predict data. Function calculation can not only solve the complex problems of data calculation process but also make the data evenly distributed to take full advantage of the capabilities of each system. In this experiment, we mainly use the control function. After substituting the data into the control function, the function will automatically classify the data. In this paper, according to the actual situation of physical education in colleges and universities, from the two aspects of artificial intelligence and comprehensive learning algorithm, to build a system which can collect and analyze the past achievements of college students' physical education performance simulation can effectively help the design of physical education curriculum. According to the distribution of experimental data, a specific conclusion can be drawn; that is, the test model we choose can calculate and measure the physical fitness level of students, but there are big differences. In contrast, our experimental method using the ensemble computing model can not only predict and analyze the physical fitness level of college students but also reduce errors and shorten the time required for the experiment.

Information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism: the view of the younger generation

The emphasis on youth in the information and propaganda space allows the use of new improved methods of influencing consciousness (including through ICT), to form stable patterns, socio-political attitudes that have a prolonged effect. The article analyzes certain aspects of the information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism in Russia, describes the theoretical and methodological foundations of its study. The empirical part was the analysis of the results of the author's sociological research of the opinions of the youth of the Kursk region. The ideological motive for the spread of terrorism is the most multifaceted and difficult to eradicate. Information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism, according to the authors, is a complex of interrelated information and propaganda measures aimed at the objects of influence in order to change and block antisocial behaviors based on the ideology of terrorism, and the formation, preservation and reproduction of significant patterns of behavior for the sustainable development of society. Indicators of measuring the level of information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism in Russia are the basis of an empirical study. There is a widespread opinion among the youth of the Kursk region that ideology is closely linked to terrorism, and that Russian society needs an anti-terrorist ideology. The presence in Russian society of common goals, national ideas and awareness of past achievements can form its basis. According to young respondents, the information impact should be of a complex nature, ranging from the presence of important competencies of representatives of authorities and law enforcement agencies to the creation of an effective system of limiting information through various communication channels. Young respondents are more convinced that there should be a state body in Russia that counteracts extremism and terrorism in the information space. Young people pay special attention to professional training in countering terrorism. The work on carrying out propaganda anti-extremist actions in the Internet space with the involvement of bloggers, among others, will contribute to such counteraction. The younger generation is confident that social networks and virtual space contribute to the spread of terrorism to varying degrees. In general, sociological measurements have shown the presence of a number of risks and factors that worsen the work of the system of information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism. The first aspect is associated with the low efficiency of the communication channels used. According to the Kursk youth, such work should not be limited to actions in one area of communications. The system of information and propaganda counteraction to terrorism should combine a whole range of multidirectional measures using traditional channels and methods of communication in combination with ICT. Working with bloggers can become an effective method and channel of informational influence on young people. The second problem is based on the low level of Internet literacy of some Kursk youth. Some young people do not see the threat of terrorism in the Internet space. This category can become potentially vulnerable and influenced by the ideology of terrorism. The third aspect is related to the formation of a culture of countering terrorism in Russia, which should be based on rejection of the ideology of terrorism, increasing legal responsibility, the general level of education and a healthy lifestyle.

Early-Career Complementologists (ECCO) – Past achievements and future directions

The Early-Career Complementologists (ECCO) is a task force that was established, in close collaboration with the European Complement Network (ECN) and the International Complement Society (ICS), with the specific mission to support and connect early-career researchers (ECRs) in the complement field. ECRs are junior scientists at the early stages of their training which include undergraduate as well as graduate students, Ph.D. graduates, and post-doctoral fellows. This unique population within the scientific community represents the next generation of scientific leaders. However, ECRs are faced with key challenges and the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted them. In this paper, we provide further insight into specific needs and challenges of ECRs in the complement field. We surveyed 52 ECRs in the complement field and assessed their perceptions of 1) mentor and peer support, 2) working conditions as well as 3) career interests and prospects. Furthermore, we review the various activities carried out by ECCO over the past years such as our social media presence, social events, and newly-created awards. We also discuss the future activities and events to be carried out by ECCO. Through these initiatives and activities, ECCO strives to boost collaborations between ECRs, provide recognition, and improve the visibility of their work. In addition, continuous joint efforts must also be made by the scientific community, research institutes, and funding organizations to nurture and invest in ECRs.

Mental Wellbeing and Social Resilience of Eritrean Refugees Living in Germany.

Mental health and social resilience play a significant role in refugees’ adaptation during the resettlement process in the host country. Maintaining good mental wellbeing helps the refugees to respond to stressful experiences with healthy life choices. This study aimed to explore the mental wellbeing and social resilience of Eritrean refugees living in Germany and to identify social conditions and enablers to foster adaptation. This study employs a qualitative approach with a semi-structured, in-depth interview data collection method. Informants were identified among mostly young adult refugees living in Heidelberg, Germany, with a migration history of 3–6 years. In total, 15 informants were recruited through snowball sampling. Data were sorted and analyzed using the five pillars of the Adaptation and Development after Persecution and Trauma (ADAPT) model. The findings suggest that Eritrean refugees experienced psychological distress after resettlement in Germany; however, with time, their mental health improved. The study revealed conditions that were experienced as hindrances, as well as ones that were considered to be resources of positive mental wellbeing and social resilience for resettled refugees. Resettlement challenges described by the participants were the language barrier, discrimination, unemployment, insecure residence status, loss of family and friends, conflict within the diaspora community, and isolation. The main sources of mental wellbeing and social resilience include the feeling of being welcomed by local communities, access to social services, adopting new relationships, and educational opportunities. These experiences encouraged refugees to have a favorable view of their lives and futures and were also found to facilitate better integration and adaptation. Understanding refugee mental wellbeing and social resilience requires a multidimensional perspective. Eritrean refugees living in Germany have experienced and are still experiencing resettlement challenges, such as, for example, loss of family and friends, negative perception of the German system, loss of past achievements, or unemployment. However, they have developed adaptive and resilience mechanisms, as well, such as seeing an opportunity for a better life, adopting new roles, and accepting Germany as a “second home”. In addressing those issues reported by the refugees as hindrances, these could be turned into sources of mental wellbeing and resilience.

Remembering Steven Weinberg

In 2017 I had the honor of meeting Steven Weinberg—whose obituary appears in the October 2021 issue of Physics Today (page 72)—at the University of Texas at Austin. In the past I had used some of his writings from Scientific American and his books for my students at Wagner College, where I taught the honors lecture in astronomy. I had often corresponded with Steven from 1994 to 2018 about his concepts in astrophysics, and he answered many of the questions that my students submitted to me.In my correspondence with Steven, I had mentioned that I was an active member of my community board on Staten Island, New York, where I reside. Because Steven knew that I worked with local politicians, he asked for my political support to help him get funding for the Superconducting Super Collider project. Although Congress terminated the project in 1993, Steven wrote me a wonderful email thanking me and invited me down to Austin for lunch. Several years later, I visited Steven at his office at the university. He showed me some interesting photos of his past achievements, and then we got into his car, and he drove me to a restaurant. I enjoyed having lunch with him and discussing the concepts of a multiverse, dark matter, and SETI.Steven was a gentleman and a scholar. I will never forget my interactions with such a wonderful human being. Section:ChooseTop of page <<© 2022 American Institute of Physics.

The Coordination Chemistry of f-Block Elements in Molten Salts.

The coordination chemistry of f-block elements (lanthanide and actinide) in molten salts has become a resounding topic in view of its great importance to the research and development (R&D) of molten salt reactors and pyroprocessing. In this Review article, a general overview of the coordination chemistry of f-block elements in molten salts is provided including past achievements and recent advances. Particular emphases are placed on the oxidation state, speciation, and solution structure of f-block metal ions in molten salts, as well as their relationships with the salt composition. Furthermore, this review briefly discusses the spectroscopic and theoretical methods that complement each other in revealing the coordination properties.