This article develops robust stabilization and anti-disturbance control design for fuzzy chaotic semi-Markov jump systems with randomly occurring uncertainties, nonlinear actuator faults, matched and mismatched disturbances. Primarily, the matched disturbances stimulated from the exogenous systems are dealt with by constructing a disturbance observer. At the same time, mismatched part is handled by the extended passivity performance. Additionally, the actuator fault model which encompasses both linear and nonlinear characteristics is put forward in the controller design. Thus, by taking advantage of the parallel distributed compensation methodology, a composite anti-disturbance control is framed by combining the fuzzy rule-based nonlinear fault-tolerant controller and estimation of the disturbance. Thereafter, by selecting relevant mode-dependent Lyapunov function candidate, adequate criteria are acquired in the context of linear matrix inequalities to ensure robust asymptotic stability along with the endorsed extended passivity performance level for the closed-loop system. In due course, by solving the developed inequalities under the aegis of MATLAB platform, the gain matrices of the devised controller and the framed disturbance observer are obtained. Last of all, to validate the effectiveness and applicability of the theoretical findings, simulation results of standard Chua’s circuit system, Lorenz system and Rössler system are exploited.