Passiflora Cincinnata Research Articles

Enxertia de diferentes combinações de copas e porta-enxertos em maracujazeiros

The use of rootstock in the cultivation of passion fruit aims to solve problems related to diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens. The seedling production by this method may provide greater longevity for plants and smaller losses for the producer of passion fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the grafting of different canopy / rootstock, using Passiflora alata and Passiflora cincinnata as rootstocks for yellow, sweet and purple passion fruit plants. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 3 scheme (two rootstocks and three types of scions), with four replications and ten plants per plot. The Passiflora cincinnata when used as rootstock for yellow, purple, and sweet passion fruit showed lower grafting success rate and seedling development. The formation of seedlings by grafting of yellow and purple passion fruit on Passiflora alata proved to be feasible for the majority of those characteristics.

Reação de genótipos de maracujazeiro a Meloidogyne incognita raça 3 e Meloidogyne javanica

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a reação de genótipos de maracujazeiro a Meloidogyne spp.. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em DBC, com seis repetições, em esquema fatorial 9x2 (Passiflora giberti, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. mucronata, P. cincinnata, P. ligularis, P.alata, híbrido BRS Sol do Cerrado e seleção M19-UFV x Meloidogyne javanica e M. incognita raça 3). Segundo os critérios de Oostenbrink, e Moura e Régis, o BRS Sol do Cerrado, a seleção M-19-UFV e P. alata comportaram-se como imunes a M. incognita. Além destes, P. cincinnata e P. setacea foram imunes a M. javanica. Passiflora cincinnata e P.giberti comportaram-se como resistentes a M. incognita e M. javanica, respectivamente. Segundo Taylor e Sasser, os genótipos classificados como imunes pelos outros critérios foram classificados como resistentes aos nematoides. Todas as variáveis nematológicas avaliadas em P. giberti, P. ligularis, P. mucronata e P. nitida foram superiores em plantas infectadas por M. incognita. Independentemente do nematoide, P. mucronata apresentou maior número de galhas, massas de ovos, ovos, J2 e FR, em relação aos outros genótipos. O peso de matéria fresca de raiz de P. ligularis e P. mucronata foi menor na presença de M. incognita em relação a M. javanica.

Vertical heterogeneity of DNA ploidy level assessed by flow cytometry in calli of Passiflora Cincinnata

During in vitro culture conditions, callus tissue is exposed to different intensities of environmental stress, which may induce somaclonal variation. Among the possible resulting abnormalities, callus cells can exhibit distinct DNA ploidy levels, a type of somaclonal variation associated with euploidy and/or aneuploidy. As somaclonal variation has been regarded as both a positive and negative phenomenon, the development of strategies to carefully assess the stability of DNA ploidy level within callus tissue is highly valuable. To this end, the present work aimed to evaluate the presence of intra- and inter-calli heterogeneity in relation to DNA ploidy level and nuclei density by flow cytometry. Calli were induced from cotyledonary leaves of Passiflora cincinnata, a wild passion fruit species. Embryogenic friable calli cultivated for 2, 6, and 9 mo were classified as young, intermediary, and old, respectively. These calli were horizontally sliced from the bottom-up at approximately the same thickness, and a total of 160 layers were evaluated by flow cytometry. Inter- and intra-calli heterogeneities were detected in relation to nuclei density and DNA ploidy level. Additional analysis was performed to identify the most proliferative layer. We conclude that care must be taken when using callus as source material for flow cytometry, since one portion cannot represent the whole cell mass. Moreover, in order to prevent the emergence of undesired ploidies during clonal propagation, callus culture time should not be prolonged.

Propagação vegetativa de estacas de Passiflora cincinnata mast. em diferentes recipientes e substratos comerciais¹

Passiflora cincinnata Mast é uma espécie com grande potencial produtivo por estar adaptada a fatores abióticos e bióticos da região Semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil e pelas características nutricionais e medicinais de seus frutos. Com o objetivo de estudar a propagação vegetativa e o desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de Passiflora cincinnata Mast. a partir de estacas herbáceas submetidas a diferentes recipientes e substratos comerciais, foi conduzido um ensaio utilizando o delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial (3 x 2), constituído por três tipos de recipientes e dois substratos, dispostos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados como recipientes de propagação tubetes, com volumes de 50 cm³, 288 cm³ e sacos de polietileno de 573 cm³ associados a dois tipos de substratos comerciais, Bioplant® e Vivatto®. Verificou-se efeito isolado dos recipientes para as variáveis comprimento das brotações, número de folhas por estaca e comprimento do sistema radicular, ocorrendo interação de fatores recipiente e substrato para massa fresca e seca do sistema radicular, percentagem de estacas enraizadas e percentagem de estacas enraizadas com emissão de brotações. Tendência de elevado potencial de crescimento de estacas em Passiflora cincinnata foi observada para recipientes de maiores volumes, com a utilização do substrato Vivatto®. Foi observado que o enraizamento e o enraizamento de estacas com brotações foram menores para tubetes de 50 cm³. O desenvolvimento vegetativo, avaliado por meio do comprimento de brotações e número de folhas por estaca, foi maior em sacos de polietileno de 573 cm³, não sendo verificada diferença entre substratos. Para massa fresca e seca do sistema radicular, maiores valores foram observados para tubetes de 288 cm³. Em tubetes menores com volume de 50 cm³, foi verificado maior crescimento do sistema radicular, quando utilizado o substrato Bioplant®.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for the wild South American Passiflora cincinnata (Passifloraceae)

We developed the first set of microsatellite markers for the passion fruit, Passiflora cincinnata, to provide tools for further study of its genetic diversity and to support current conservation and genetic studies. We used a microsatellite-enriched library approach to isolate and characterize 25 new molecular markers. Seven primer pairs successfully amplified polymorphic microsatellite regions, with an average of five alleles per locus. The mean values of expected and observed levels of heterozygosity were 0.516 and 0.525, respectively. The microsatellite markers identified in this study may be valuable tools for population genetic studies, and this set of markers also may be useful in the design of a genetic conservation strategy, mating system, and hybridization studies.

Composição de carotenoides em passifloras do cerrado

O objetivo foi avaliar, por HPLC, a composição qualitativa e quantitativa de carotenoides em maracujás do cerrado. Frutos procedentes de acessos nativos de quatro espécies (Passiflora cincinnata, P. nitida, P. setacea e P. edulis) foram analisados, utilizando, como referência, o maracujá-amarelo comercial (P. edulis). As polpas de maracujá apresentaram neoxantina, violaxantina, cis-violaxantina, anteraxantina, luteína, zeaxantina, β-criptoxantina, poli-cis-caroteno, prolicopeno, cis-ζ-caroteno, trans-ζ-caroteno, trans-β-caroteno, 13-cis-β-caroteno e fitoflueno. Em geral, os teores de carotenoides entre as espécies e entre os acessos da mesma espécie foram significativamente diferentes. A espécie P. edulis apresentou o maior número de carotenoides, com diferença entre os acessos. Em um acesso de P. edulis comercial, foi encontrado o trans-β-caroteno como o carotenoide principal (7,8±0,8 µg g-1) e no outro o trans-ζ-caroteno (11,4±0,4 µg g-1). Dois acessos de P. edulis nativos do Cerrado apresentaram cis-ζ-caroteno como carotenoide majoritário (6,28±0,15 µg g-1 e 12,1±0,7 µg g-1, casca amarela e roxa, respectivamente). O perfil de carotenoides em frutos de espécies de maracujá apresentou diversidade de composição, com potencial de uso para melhoramento genético para agregar maior valor ao produto e estimular o seu consumo.

Somatic embryogenesis of a wild passion fruit species Passiflora cincinnata Masters: histocytological and histochemical evidences

The characterization of cellular changes that occur during somatic embryogenesis is essential for understanding the factors involved in the transition of somatic cells into embryogenically competent cells and determination of cells and/or tissues involved. The present study describes the anatomical and ultrastructural events that lead to the formation of somatic embryos in the model system of the wild passion fruit (Passiflora cincinnata). Mature zygotic embryos were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog induction media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6-benzyladenine. Zygotic embryo explants at different development stages were collected and processed by conventional methods for studies using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Histochemical tests were used to examine the mobilization of reserves. The differentiation of the somatic embryos began in the abaxial side of the cotyledon region. Protuberances were formed from the meristematic proliferation of the epidermal and mesophyll cells. These cells had large nuclei, dense cytoplasm with a predominance of mitochondria, and a few reserve compounds. The protuberances extended throughout the abaxial surface of the cotyledons. The ongoing differentiation of peripheral cells of these structures led to the formation of proembryogenic zones, which, in turn, dedifferentiated into somatic embryos of multicellular origin. In the initial stages of embryogenesis, the epidermal and mesophyll cells showed starch grains and less lipids and protein reserves than the starting explant. These results provide detailed information on anatomical and ultrastructural changes involved in the acquisition of embryogenic competence and embryo differentiation that has been lacking so far in Passiflora.

Organogenesis from root explants of commercial populations of Passiflora edulis Sims and a wild passionfruit species, P. cincinnata Masters

Root explants of a wild passionfruit species (Passiflora cincinnata) and three P. edulis commercial populations (‘FB 100’, ‘FB 200’, and ‘FB 300’) were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.44 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) to induce shoot organogenesis. Shoots elongated in liquid medium with 2.89 μM gibberellic acid (GA3) under agitation were rooted in coconut fiber and acclimatized followed by transfer to a greenhouse into pots containing mixture of coconut fiber and Plantmax® (1:1). Explant samples were collected during organogenesis and submitted to light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Root explants of P. cincinnata responded earlier than those of P. edulis. However, on the third assessment, at 90 days, the genotype ‘FB 200’ showed shoot number significantly higher than ‘FB 100’ and ‘FB 300’, not differing from P. cincinnata. Organogenesis in P. cincinnata and P. edulis occurred via direct pathway, which was confirmed by anatomical studies and SEM. Flow cytometric analysis revealed no variation in DNA content of regenerated plantlets among all genotypes. Nuclear DNA (2C) values (pg) in regenerants of P. cincinnata (2.99 pg) and P.edulis (3.26–3.28 pg) were consistent with DNA amounts of seed-derived control plants.

Estudo comparativo do perfil de ácidos graxos em semente de Passifloras nativas do cerrado brasileiro

No mundo, existem mais de 580 espécies de maracujazeiros, grande parte nativa da América Tropical e Subtropical, principalmente no Brasil. Os programas de melhoramento utilizam uma parte pequena dos recursos genéticos disponíveis, já que o potencial deste material geralmente não está suficientemente caracterizado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a caracterização do teor de lipídios e do perfil de ácidos graxos presentes nas sementes de 03 espécies nativas silvestres de maracujás (Passiflora cincinnata, P. setacea e P. nitida), empregando o maracujá comercial (P.edulis) como referência. Os lipídios totais foram extraídos com éter de petróleo em extrator tipo Soxhlet. O perfil dos ésteres metílicos foi caracterizado por cromatografia a gás, usando detector de ionização de chama. A espécie P. setacea apresentou o maior teor de óleo (31,2-33,5%), seguida por P. nitida (29,5-32,3%) e P. cincinnata (16,7-19,2%). O óleo de P. setacea apresentou 64,7% de ácido linoleico, 19,7% de oleico e 10,2% de ácido palmítico; o óleo de P. nitida apresentou os ácidos mirístico (0,6%), palmítico (15,3%), palmitoleico (2,0%), oleico (24,8%), linoleico (51,7%) e um ácido graxo incomum às outras espécies de Passiflora, o láurico (0.4%); já o óleo de P. cincinnata apresentou os ácidos oleico (11,0%), palmítico (10,2%) e linoleico (74,3%). O ácido linoleico foi predominante nas três espécies estudadas. Todas as espécies apresentaram ácido vacênico (0,3-0,6%), descrito pela primeira vez no gênero Passiflora.

Ploidy stability of somatic embryogenesis-derived Passiflora cincinnata Mast. plants as assessed by flow cytometry

In this study, flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate the genetic stability of Passiflora cincinnata Mast. plants regenerated via primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic calli obtained from culturing zygotic embryos on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 18.1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4.4 μM benzyladenine (BA) were transferred to differentiation medium. Torpedo and cotyledonary embryos were obtained. These primary embryos were maintained on differentiation medium to generate secondary embryos. Conversion of primary and secondary embryos yielded 305 and 138 normal plants, respectively. Almost 90% of plantlets survived following acclimatization. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that seed-derived plants had on average 3.01 pg nuclear DNA (2C), and all plants, except for a single plant regenerated via primary embryogenesis, maintained their ploidy. This single plant contained more than twice the average DNA content: 6.21 pg (4C). Epidermal stomata of leaves of the tetraploid plant were larger but lower in density than those of diploid plants, indicating that stomatal characteristics are useful in distinguishing between diploid and tetraploid plants of passion fruit. In summary, the procedure we employed to regenerated P. cincinnata plants via somatic embryogenesis generated mostly genetically true-to-type plants.

Genetic variability in wild genotypes of Passiflora cincinnata based on RAPD markers

The genetic diversity and characteristics of commercial interest of Passiflora species make it useful to characterize wild germplasm, because of their potential use for fruit, ornamental and medicinal purposes. We evaluated genetic diversity, using RAPD markers, of 32 genotypes of Passiflora cincinnata collected from the wild in the region of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. Thirteen primers generated 95 polymorphic markers and only one monomorphic marker. The mean genetic distance between the genotypes estimated by the complement of the Dice index was 0.51 (ranging from 0.20-0.85), and genotype grouping based on the UPGMA algorithm showed wide variability among the genotypes. This type of information contributes to identification and conservation of the biodiversity of this species and for the identification of pairs of divergent individuals for maximum exploitation of existing variability.

Ethylene and polyamine production patterns during in vitro shoot organogenesis of two passion fruit species as affected by polyamines and their inhibitor

Levels of ethylene and polyamines (PAs) were measured during organogenesis of hypocotyl explants of two species of passion fruit (Passiflora cincinnata Masters and Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener ‘FB-100’) to better understand the relationships of these regulators and their influence on cell differentiation and morphogenesis. Moreover, histological investigation of shoot ontogenesis was conducted to characterize the different events involved in cell redifferentiation and regulation of PA and ethylene levels. A delay was observed in morphogenic responses of P. edulis f. flavicarpa as compared to P. cincinnata, and these changes coincided with production of elevated levels of polyamine and ethylene levels. During differentiation, cells showed high rates of expansion and elongation, and high ethylene levels were associated with high PA levels, suggesting that the two biosynthesis pathways were highly regulated. Moreover, their interaction might be an important factor for determining cell differentiation. The addition of PAs to the culture medium did not promote organogenesis; however, the incorporation of the PA inhibitor methylglyoxal bisguanylhydrazone in the culture medium reduced shoot bud differentiation, suggesting the need to maintaining a minimum level of PAs for morphogenic events to take place.

A novel regeneration system for a wild passion fruit species (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) based on somatic embryogenesis from mature zygotic embryos

The objective of the present work was to induce somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos of Passiflora cincinnata Masters. Zygotic embryos formed calli on media with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4.5 μM benzyladenine (BA) after 30 days of in vitro culture. A concentration of 18.1 μM 2,4-D resulted in the largest number of somatic embryos. Embryogenic calli were yellowish and friable, forming whitish proembryogenic masses. Morphologically, embryogenic cells were small and had large nuclei and dense cytoplasm, whereas non-embryogenic cells were elongated, with small nuclei and less dense cytoplasm. Calli cultured under white light on basal Murashige and Skoog’s medium with activated charcoal produced embryos in all developmental stages. There were differences among the treatments, with some leading to the production of calli with embryos and some only to callus formation. Some abnormalities were associated with somatic embryos, including fused axes, fused cotyledons and polycotyledonary embryos. Production of secondary somatic embryos occurred in the first cycle of primary embryo development. Secondary embryos differentiated from the surface of the protodermal layer of primary embryos with intense cell proliferation, successive mitotic divisions in the initial phase of embryoid development, and a vascular system formed with no connection to the parental tissue. This secondary embryogenic system of P. cincinnata is characterized by intense proliferation and maintenance of embryogenic competence after successive subcultures. This reproducible protocol opens new prospects for massive propagation and is an alternative to the current organogenesis-based transformation protocol.

GA4+7+ N-(Fenilmetil)-aminopurina na germinação de sementes e emergência de plântulas de Passiflora cincinnata Mast.

A espécie Passiflora cincinnata Mast. é silvestre, não-comercial, conhecida popularmente como maracujá-do-mato. Pode ser aproveitada como planta ornamental ou medicinal, além de ser comestível e ser considerada potencialmente importante para uso como porta-enxerto. O trabalho foi realizado no Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências da Unesp, Câmpus de Botucatu-SP, e objetivou avaliar o efeito dos reguladores vegetais GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina na germinação de sementes, emergência e desenvolvimento de plântulas de P. cincinnata Mast.. As sementes foram obtidas junto à Embrapa Semi-Árido a partir de plantas cultivadas no Campo Experimental da Caatinga, Petrolina-PE. Foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro em laboratório, para estudo da germinação, e o segundo em casa de vegetação, para estudo da emergência e desenvolvimento das plântulas. Em ambos os experimentos, foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, cada um com 11 tratamentos de diferentes concentrações de GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina (zero; 100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700; 800; 900 e 1.000 mg L-1) e cinco repetições cada. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizadas análise de variância e análise de regressão. Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que os reguladores vegetais, G A4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina, incrementaram o processo germinativo, bem como a emergência e o desenvolvimento de plântulas de P. cincinnata Mast..

Fotoperíodo, temperatura e reguladores vegetais na germinação de sementes de Passiflora cincinnata Mast.

A espécie Passiflora cincinnata Mast., pertencente à família Passifloraceae, é silvestre e popularmente conhecida como maracujá-do-mato, sendo considerada importante na produção de porta-enxertos, uma vez que é tolerante à seca, a doenças causadas por bactérias e a nematóides, além de poder ser utilizada em programas de melhoramento genético. O trabalho teve como objetivos estudar o efeito da luz e da temperatura e a interação entre temperatura e reguladores vegetais na germinação de sementes de Passiflora cincinnata Mast. Foi constituído de três experimentos: no primeiro, estudou-se o efeito da luz e da temperatura na germinação de sementes; no segundo, o efeito de diferentes concentrações dos reguladores vegetais GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina na germinação das sementes e, no terceiro, a interação entre temperatura e reguladores vegetais na germinação das sementes. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado para todos os experimentos e os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparação das médias pelo teste Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. É possível observar que a luz exerce efeito inibitório sobre a germinação das sementes, e que os reguladores vegetais, GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)-aminopurina, são eficientes na superação da dormência, além de ampliarem os limites de temperatura da germinação. A temperatura alternada 20-30ºC mostra-se a mais adequada para a germinação de sementes dessa espécie.

Divergência genética entre acessos de Passiflora cincinnata mast com base em descritores morfoagronômicos

Este trabalho teve como finalidade estimar a divergência genética entre acessos de maracujazeiro (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) conservados na coleção de trabalho da Embrapa Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A avaliação foi realizada em 32 acessos, com base em 23 caracteres: dois relativos à planta, três às folhas, seis às flores, quatro aos frutos, quatro às sementes, dois às características químicas dos frutos e dois à produção. O comportamento dos acessos foi pesquisado pelas análises univariada e multivariada, com estimativas das dissimilaridades obtidas pela distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D²) e formação do agrupamento pelo método de Tocher. Os acessos apresentaram variabilidade genética para todos os descritores utilizados na avaliação. As distâncias genéticas entre pares de acessos variaram de 17 a 598, com média 152. O acesso 18-D0542 foi indicado como o mais divergente e o mais produtivo, devendo compor programas de intercruzamentos e ser recomendado para cultivos experimentais por produtores. As características de maior importância para a divergência genética foram: a massa total dos frutos (42,29%), a viabilidade de pólen (8,62%) e a área foliar (7,16%). O agrupamento dos acessos não se correlaciona às Unidades Geoambientais originais de coleta.

AGROBACTERIUM RHIZOGENES-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF PASSIONFRUIT SPECIES: PASSIFLORA CINCINNATA AND P. EDULIS F. FLAVICARPA

In vitro-grown passionfruit (Passiflora cincinnata and P. edulis f. flavicarpa) seedlings were decapitated and inoculated with an overnight grown Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1601 suspension culture. The first responses were observed 20-30 d after inoculation. Hairy roots differentiated at the inoculation sites were used to establish individual root clones and used to initiate long term cultures on semi-solid medium. A series of control, non-infected shoots were also set up in order to ensure that any induced responses were not a result of normal rooting or healing responses. Hairy roots showing root tips of 1.5-2.0 cm in length were carefully detached from the shoots and transferred individually for further growth and proliferation to Petri dishes containing semi-solid MS medium supplemented with Timentin (350 mg L -1 ) and kanamycin (150-200 mg L -1 ). Elongating hairy roots were subcultured onto fresh medium every 15 days. During this time the clones retained their high growth rates and antibiotic resistance phenotypes. The regenerated roots displayed typical features of hairy roots such as hairiness, plagiotropism, branching and growth habit. The nptll and nos genes were detected by PCR in genomic DNA from root clones of both species, at the 6 th passage, whereas nos gene was detected in regenerants derived from somatic embryos of P. cincinnata. Physiological confirmation of the transformed nature was provided by the auxin autotrophic response and resistance to kanamycin. Spontaneous plant regeneration from roots growing on selective semi-solid MS medium devoid of growth regulators was occasionally observed via organogenesis for P. edulis f. flavicarpa. P. cincinnata displayed higher rates of regeneration, and surprisingly regenerants were recovered via both organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Histological analysis revealed the direct pathway of shoot regeneration through organogenesis. P. cincinnata regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized under ex vitro conditions.

In vitro shoot regeneration from roots and leaf discs of Passiflora cincinnata mast.

Different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) were used in vitro to induce buds in three types of explants: leaf discs, root segments and the seedling itself obtained from in vitro seed germination of Passiflora cincinnata Mast. The 0.5 mg.L -1 6-BA concentration was most suitable for all the three explants, however, bud formation time and means (direct/indirect) were different for each type of explant. In seedlings used as explants, it had shoot regeneration from the primary root. Histological events leading to bud formation via meristemoids were described. The origin was indirect in leaf discs, with callus formation in subepidermal cells of the chlorophyll parenchyma layers. In root segments and in seedling roots, the buds were formed directly in the pericycle (in roots with some secondary structure) and in the vascular cambium (at the initial phase of secondary structure). Also, indirect buds originated from meristemoids which were formed around the callus.

Radical scavenging, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of Brazilian Caatinga plants

Extracts of 32 plants from the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid region called Caatinga were evaluated through DPPH radical scavenging assay, β-carotene bleaching, and brine shrimp lethality tests (BST). Among the extracts studied Byrsonima cf. gardneriana, Mascagnia coriacea, Cordia globosa, Diodia apiculata and Hypenia salzmannii showed the highest activities in DPPH radical scavenging test. In the β-carotene bleaching test the highest activities were observed for Passiflora cincinnata, Chamaecrista repens, B. cf. gardneriana, Rollinia leptopetala, Serjania glabrata, Diospyros gaultheriifolia, C. globosa, Mimosa ophtalmocentra, M. coriacea and Lippia cf. microphylla. In contrast, R. leptopetala, Zornia cf. brasiliensis and Leonotis nepetifolia were the most active species in the BST.