Birth Process Research Articles

Intertextual Aspects of Productions of Ukrainian Folk-Stage Choreography

The purpose of the article is to reveal the specificity of intertextuality in the choreographic text of Ukrainian folk stage dance productions. The research methodology is determined by the complexity and multifacetedness of the production of folk stage choreography as an artistic work and is represented by a combination of various research approaches, namely interdisciplinary, systemic, and cultural. The purpose of the study led to the use of comparative, structural-semiotic, hermeneutic, and intertextual analysis methods widely adapted in modern humanitarian science, the main principle of which is to consider the choreographic text as an open system that enters into various relationships with other systems. Intertextual analysis plays an important role in revealing the concept of a choreographic work, its relevance is based on the idea of dialogic essence and continuity of culture. Scientific novelty. The performance of folk stage choreography is studied through the prism of the concept of intertextuality of Yu. Kristeva and theoretical approaches to the study of the text of R. Barthes; the role of the choreographer-director and the audience in the context of the creation and interpretation of the choreographic text is considered; the concept of “intertextuality” in the context of the choreographic text of the production of folk stage choreography is clarified; it was found that the character of intertextuality directly depends on the specifics of communication, which is determined by the nature of the choreographic text of folk-stage forms. Conclusions. As a result of the extrapolation of Yu. Kristeva's concept of intertextuality and theoretical approaches to the study of R. Barth's text to folk-stage choreography, it was found that: the choreographic text of a folk-stage performance is created by means of synthesising various quotes that refer to a variety of cultural sources; in the multidimensional space of the folk stage production, the process of systematic birth of meaning and its release takes place; the concept of intertextuality in the context of the production of folk stage choreography blurs the contours of the choreographic text, turning it into an infinite artistic dimension of connections and associations. The conducted analysis allows us to define the phenomenon of intertextuality of folk-stage choreography performances as a special choreographic intertextual space, in the middle of which there is accumulation, coexistence and constant interaction of all the diversity of vocabulary of authentic and folk-stage dance. In its middle, any element of a folk dance is immersed in a general cultural context and correlates with an array of other choreographic texts, multiplying its own content, relevance and interpretive possibilities. Intertextual interactions in the choreographic text of a folk-stage dance provide an opportunity for the choreographer-director to enter the continuum of eternal themes of folk culture, enter into an artistic dialogue with the past achievements of dance culture and, thus, reflect their own vision of the scene-content part of the folk-stage dance, which, in turn, expands the figurative system of the new choreographic work, emphasises its multi-layeredness and serves as a basis for various interpretations. The choreographer-producer of the folk stage dance interacts not only with the reality surrounding them, but also with the entire corpus of their previous and contemporary choreographic works, and most importantly with folk dance primary sources, being in a state of permanent dialogue with them. The text of a folk stage choreographic production consists of various elements that come from different cultures, enter into a relationship of dialogue, parody, discussion with each other – all this multiplicity is focused in a certain point, which is the viewer. The viewer’s role in the interpretation of the choreographic text is crucial, as their previous experience, cultural and educational background will undoubtedly influence the amount of meaning they can obtain when viewing the choreographic work. Accordingly, the choreographic text acquires unity not in its origin, but in its purpose. The analysis of the manifestation of intertextuality as one of the fundamental techniques in the productions of folk stage choreography requires considering them as works that consist of texts that are actualised in a specific semiotic context and contribute to the preservation of Ukrainian folk dance culture in particular and the cultural memory of Ukrainians in general.
 Key words: improvisation, dance improvisation, improvisation in choreography, dance.

Women's mode of birth preferences and preparedness of hospitals to support vaginal birth in the public health sector in Argentina

AbstractBackgroundThis paper reports on postpartum women's mode of birth (MOB) preferences across five public maternity hospitals in Argentina, the variables and motives associated with those preferences, and hospital services preparedness.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with postpartum women aged 15 years or older in geographically diverse public hospitals in Argentina between November 2018 to June 2019. Data on obstetric history, companionship, and MOB preference and motives were collected from mothers using a semistructured interviewer‐administered questionnaire. Hospital and participant characteristics, MOB preferences, and perceived advantages and disadvantages were described. Associations between vaginal birth preference, participant characteristics, and hospitals were assessed using odds ratios generated from mixed‐effect logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe sample included 621 postpartum women, 60% of whom had a vaginal birth. In three of the participating hospitals, most women indicated vaginal birth as their preferred MOB (90%); however, the preference for a vaginal birth was lower in the remaining two hospitals (67%). Differences in preferences across hospitals remained after adjusting by women's age or obstetric history. Cited motives for vaginal birth preference included faster recovery, feeling ready for a vaginal birth, and considering it a more natural process. Preference for a caesarean birth was based on perceptions of increased safety and avoiding pain.ConclusionsThe characteristics of obstetric services revealed they are prepared for obstetric emergencies but have limited resources and support to sustain the process of vaginal birth. Despite the limited support, women giving birth in public maternity hospitals preferred vaginal delivery to a caesarean section. This study could not identify hospital variables associated with women's birth preferences across hospitals.

PENGARUH PENDAMPING PERSALINAN TERHADAP KEMAJUAN PERSALINAN PADA IBU BERSALIN DI PRAKTIK MANDIRI BIDAN PMB SE-KOTA TANJUNGPINANG

WHO estimates that 10.7 million women die from childbirth. About 25-50% are related to labor and puerperal problems. One of the factors that influence labor is the mother's psychology, with the active role of the family during labor can reduce the incidence of complications and achieve safe labor, namely by paying attention to aspects of the mother's affection. Study purposes: Knowing the effect of labor companion on the progress of labor in maternal at PPM in Tanjungpinang city. The design in this study is a quasi-experiment with a post-test only control group design. The study was conducted at PPM throughout Tanjungpinang City, from September to November 2021. Respondents in this study were 68 mothers who indicated normal birth at PPM in Tanjungpinang City, 34 deliveries with a labor companion role and 34 deliveries without a labor companion role. The study tool used is an observation sheet. To find out whether there is an effect of the independent variable and the dependent variable, statistical analysis of the Independent Sample T-Test is used. The results showed that there is a companion effect on labor progress. it is recommended to apply the role of labor pendampimg to each birth process

Factors Associated with the Preparedness for Birth of Primigravida Pregnant Women at the Kamonji Health Center, Palu City

Background: For a mother-to-be, the first pregnancy is a new journey marked by significant physical and psychological changes, causing anxiety in itself. This anxiety can arise because of the long period of waiting for birth and images of scary things during the birth process, even though they may not necessarily happen.
 Objective: The objective of this research is to find out factors related to the readiness for delivery of primigravida women at the Kamonji Public Health Centre, Palu City
 Methods: This research used a descriptive-analytical design using a Cross Sectional approach. The population of this research was 142 primigravida women in the working area of the Kamonji Public Health Centre, Palu City, and then used as the research sample a total of 59 respondents who were selected using Non-Probability Sampling by purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires.
 Results: The results of the bivariate analysis show that there is a relationship between the age and the childbirth readiness of primigravida women with a value of p = 0.042. There is a relationship between the education level and the readiness of primigravida women with a value of p = 0.033. There is a relationship between the husband's support and the childbirth readiness of primigravida women with a value of p = 0.036. There is a relationship between emotional maturity and the childbirth readiness of primigravida women with a value of p = 0.036.
 Conclusion: Based on the results above, the research concludes that there is a relationship between age, education level, husband support, emotional maturity factors and the childbirth readiness for primigravida women at the Singgani Public Health Clinic.

Defining "Normal" in Pig Parturition.

Simple SummaryThe dual considerations of efficient food production and good animal welfare have never been so important nor under such strong public scrutiny as they are in current times. Intensive animal production industries play an important role in feeding an ever-growing, increasingly affluent population that is hungry for animal proteins. The efforts to improve efficiency in these production systems must not come at the cost of animal welfare. One pain point in pig production is that of parturition, where factors such as litter size and sow-housing type have been shown to influence the process and outcome. However, there are still many gaps in knowledge surrounding the normal physiology and endocrinology in a farrowing and this review seeks to summarise what is known and highlight areas where further work is required.Animal production industries rely on efficient and successful reproductive outcomes, with pigs being no exception. The process of parturition in pigs (farrowing) can be especially prolonged, due to the large numbers of piglets being born (on average, approximately 13 piglets per litter in Australian conditions). Difficulties in farrowing (dystocia) lead to poor piglet outcomes and health problems in sows, in turn, causing economic loss for producers and welfare concerns for the animals. Despite the importance of this topic and publications in the area stretching back nearly 50 years, there is still no consensus on the prevalence of dystocia in pigs nor on how to identify a pig experiencing the condition. Understanding the process of parturition and the factors that influence its success is a crucial step towards the early identification of sows undergoing dystocia and development of best practices to assist them. This article describes the key factors that contribute to successful farrowing and identifies areas in which more research is required before the parturition process in the pig can be fully understood.

The partner’s experiences of childbirth in countries with a highly developed clinical setting: a scoping review

BackgroundIn Western countries, it is common practice for a woman to be supported by a trusted person during childbirth, usually the other parent. Numerous studies have shown that this has a positive effect both on the woman’s satisfaction with the birth process and on physical outcomes. However, there is little research on the birth experience of partners and their wellbeing. The aim of this review is to summarise the existing literature on partner experience, consider its quality and identify the underlying themes.MethodsBoth a systematic literature search in three databases and a manual search were conducted, for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies from Western countries examining the experiences of partners present at a birth.ResultsA total of 35 studies were included. Only one study included same-sex partners (the other studies addressed fathers’ experiences only) and only one validated questionnaire examining partners’ birth experiences was identified. Four major themes were found to influence partners’ birth experiences: (1) intense feelings, (2) role of support, (3) staff support, and (4) becoming a father.ConclusionsPartners may feel very vulnerable and stressed in this unfamiliar situation. They need emotional and informal support from staff, want to be actively involved, and play an important role for the birthing woman. To promote good attachment for parents, systematic exploration of the needs of partners is essential for a positive birth experience. Because of the diversity of family constellations, all partners should be included in further studies, especially same-sex partners.

SOGC Guideline Retirement Notice No. 2

SOGC Guideline Retirement Notice No. 2

The principle of linearized stability in age-structured diffusive populations

The principle of linearized stability is established for age-structured diffusive populations incorporating nonlinear death and birth processes. More precisely, asymptotic exponential stability is shown for equilibria for which the semigroup associated with the linearization at the equilibrium has a negative growth bound. The result is derived in an abstract framework and applied in concrete situations.

The Effect on Birth Pain and Process of the Freedom of Movement in the First Stage of Labor: A Randomized Controlled Study

Objective: To determine the effect of freedom of movement implemented in the dilatation stage, which is the first stage of labor, on the labor process in pregnant women who will give their first birth.
 
 Methods: This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. The study consisted of 70 primiparous women, including 35 in the study group (SG) and 35 in the control group (CG). Freedom of movement was provided to the study group in the first stage of labor. Data were collected using a Personal Information Questionnaire, a Labor Assessment Form, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for perceived pain.
 
 Results: The SG was observed to be walking when dilatations were 4-7 cm and mostly squatting when 8-10 cm (94.2%). The level of effacement, frequency of contraction, and descent of the fetal head were faster (p

Inequities in quality perinatal care in the United States during pregnancy and birth after cesarean.

ObjectiveHigh-quality, respectful maternity care has been identified as an important birth process and outcome. However, there are very few studies about experiences of care during a pregnancy and birth after a prior cesarean in the U.S. We describe quantitative findings related to quality of maternity care from a mixed methods study examining the experience of considering or seeking a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) in the U.S.MethodsIndividuals with a history of cesarean and recent (≤ 5 years) subsequent birth were recruited through social media groups to complete an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic information, birth history, and validated measures of respectful maternity care (Mothers on Respect Index; MORi) and autonomy in maternity care (Mother’s Autonomy in Decision Making Scale; MADM).ResultsParticipants (N = 1711) representing all 50 states completed the questionnaire; 87% planned a vaginal birth after cesarean. The most socially-disadvantaged participants (those less educated, living in a low-income household, with Medicaid insurance, and those participants who identified as a racial or ethnic minority) and participants who had an obstetrician as their primary provider, a male provider, and those who did not have a doula were significantly overrepresented in the group who reported lower quality maternity care. In regression analyses, individuals identified as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) were less likely to experience autonomy and respect compared to white participants. Participants with a midwife provider were more than 3.5 times more likely to experience high quality maternity care compared to those with an obstetrician.ConclusionFindings highlight inequities in the quality of maternal and newborn care received by birthing people with marginalized identities in the U.S. They also indicate the importance of increasing access to midwifery care as a strategy for reducing inequalities in care and associated poor outcomes.

Husband’s Support as Delivery Companion During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Pratama Clinic

Background: Giving birth in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic requires extra efforts to ensure the safety of mothers and babies from the threat of the coronavirus. Childbirth assistance is needed to provide physical, emotional, and psychological support so that the birth process has a positive meaning for mothers, husbands, children, and families. A husband's support as a delivery companion during the COVID-19 pandemic needs to be considered in terms of preparation for childbirth at home, experience in assisting at the place of delivery, and expectations regarding assistance for subsequent deliveries. Objective: To analyze the husband's support in terms of preparation for childbirth, experience accompanying childbirth, and husband's expectations regarding subsequent delivery assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This research used a qualitative descriptive method, namely by conducting in-depth interviews with husbands whose wives gave birth at the Pratama Clinic, Surabaya. The dependent variable is the husband's support and the independent variable is the preparation, experience, and expectations of the delivery companion. Sampling used purposive sampling that met the inclusion criteria, namely mothers with normal delivery and exclusion, namely mothers with complications in their pregnancy so that they were referred to the hospital, the sample size was 10 participants from a total population of 18 mothers who gave birth in July 2021. The study was carried out in July-August 2021 with discourse analysis by collecting documents, interviews, and observations. Results: The husband's support in terms of preparation before his wife gives birth during the COVID-19 pandemic was quite good at paying attention to body resistance and maintaining health protocols so that the swab test results were negative and could give birth at the desired clinic. The husband’s experiences when accompanying his wife to give birth during the COVID-19 pandemic were stressful and more complicated because a swab test was required and there were no other family members to accompany her and the husband was worried about a referral to the hospital. The husband hoped that the birth of the next child will not be in a situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The husband understood and realized that his support and attention from preparation before delivery until the baby's born is very important so that the mother can give birth smoothly at the desired place of delivery, with the hope that the mother gives birth comfortably and the baby's mother is safe.

Resistive index (RI) as a prognostic indicator of early morbidities in term neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Background: Hypoxemia and hypoxia sustained by neonates during birth process leads to Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) which can give rise to immediate and/or long term sequelae of neonatal brain injury, increased neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Material and methods: A prospective observational study done in tertiary neonatal intensive care unit of north Karnataka region. The study was conducted between September 2021 to May 2022. Results: A total of 44 neonates with HIE were studied. There were 26 (61%) male and 18 (39%) female babies and the male to female ratio was 1.4:1. There were 28 cases with grade I, 6 cases with grade II and 10 cases with grade III HIE. The Resistive index was normal in 30 (68.1%) cases and was abnormal in 14 (31.8%) cases. Common Doppler ultrasound findings were of increased echo density of cerebral parenchyma and increased periventricular density. There were 95% survivors and 5% deaths due to HIE. The most common complications were of acute kidney injury (34%) and seizures (11.4%).

Kernel-based learning of birth process from evolving spatiotemporal RFS data stream in SMC[sbnd]CPHD filter for multi-target tracking

This paper presents a kernel-based framework to estimate the birth process in the sequential Monte Carlo cardinalized probability hypothesis density (SMCCPHD) filter from the evolving spatiotemporal birth random finite set data stream that can enhance the performance of the SMCCPHD based trackers when tracking targets with no a priori information on where and when targets can appear. The time-varying spatial distribution of birth events is modelled as a map with adaptive grid points and their corresponding density values. While the spatial distribution of birth density is estimated from the elements of the birth random finite sets (RFSs), the time-varying birth cardinality distribution is estimated from the cardinality of the birth RFSs. The corresponding estimations are eventually used by a SMCCPHD based tracker to adjust its filtering strength spatially and temporally for target tracking. Experimental results on both the synthetic and real video surveillance datasets show that the proposed algorithm can improve the tracking accuracy by more precisely eliminating clutters and more effectively capturing newborn targets.

Time to rectify past mistakes and take a woman-centred approach to labour progress

In this article, the authors discuss a woman-centred approach to labour progress using an awareness of the physiological variations which exist in labour and they highlight the current WHO recommendations for labour progress. There is a call to action to protect the emotional and psychological well-being of women. This can be done through informed consent and valuing HOW we communicate with women as being equally important as WHAT happens during the birth process. Therefore, midwives and obstetricians should encompass an awareness of respectful communication in intrapartum care and be mindful of the language used. Supporting choice and control and empowering autonomy in women needs to be prioritized. Thus, maternity needs to take ownership and responsibility for the effects of past mistakes and move towards woman-centred care.

Autonomy In the Choice of Childbirth in The Primiparous

Every pregnant woman has the right to care during childbirth and postpartum, and that this is performed in a humane and safe way. To ensure autonomy, it is necessary to put the woman in control of labor and birth, providing the necessary knowledge that allows her to make decisions about her own body. The study aimed to know the autonomy and knowledge of primiparous women in choosing the type of delivery. This is a qualitative field research. The participants were primiparous women, who agreed to participate in the research by signing the Informed Consent Form. The interviews were conducted after approval by the Research Ethics Committee under protocol n. CPEA 31364620.8.0000.5428, opinion n. 4,300,350. In view of the results, the following themes emerged: Reception and neglected bond between health units and pregnant women, revealed by reports of negative and frustrated experiences in the parturition process. Factors that prevent the autonomy of the choice of delivery in pregnant women and negative experiences and frustrated expectations regarding the moment of delivery, in which the reports indicated a lack of explanation of the procedures, lack of communication and prejudiced decision of the physician in relation to the delivery. It was concluded that the study showed the need for actions aimed at women’s health in the pregnancy-puerperal period, which enable conditions for female empowerment in decision-making about the body itself.

Magnitude of birth trauma and its associated factors in South Wollo public hospitals, northeast Ethiopia, August 2021: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

ObjectiveThe institutional-based cross-sectional study was designed to assess the magnitude of birth trauma and its associated factors in South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia.SettingThis study was conducted in the public hospitals of...

O20 - Midwives' experiences administering sterile water injections for back pain during labour: a qualitative study

There is growing interest in the use of sterile water injections (SWI’s) for pain relief, however many midwives do not offer this option as part of their practice (Lee et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2019). Non-pharmacological approaches such as SWI’s are beneficial because not only do they relieve back pain, they do not pose additional risk to women and their babies (Lee et al., 2013a; Bonapeace et al., 2018). Only one study (Lee, Kildea & Stapleton, 2017) in Australia has investigated the qualitative aspects of using this form of pain relief during labour. Two of the authors of this presentation recently published an integrative review about exploring women’s and midwives’ experiences and perceptions about administering SWI’s as a form of pain relief for back pain during labour. The aim of this research was to explore midwives’ perceptions about the experiences of using SWI’s as a method of pain relief for back pain during labour. This was a qualitative exploratory study that captured midwives’ experiences using in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data which involved listening to the recorded data, reading transcripts of data multiple times, identifying and labeling codes in the data, and developing themes and subthemes (Clarke & Braun, 2017). Positive effects of SWI’s for women included rapid pain relief, improved ability to relax and speeding up the birth process. Midwives believed that two injections were just as good as four and that the bigger the bleb the more effective the analgesia. Our study found that midwives were more likely to administer SWI’s for back pain for women if hospital guidelines and policies were in place in birth units and midwives needing to feel confident in the technique. This non-pharmacological option for pain relief was especially beneficial for occipito-posterior positions.

Stillbirths among Pregnant Women Admitted to Department of Obstetrics in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Stillbirth is often defined as the death of a foetus in the uterus prior to its birth or during the process of birth. Most of the stillbirths are preventable global health problem. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of stillbirths among pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care centre. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre among pregnant women admitted between 14 April 2021 to 13 April 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 43). Convenience sampling method was used. The data was collected from the medical record section using a proforma. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Among 5118 pregnant women, stillbirths were found in 126 (2.46%) (2.04-2.88, 95% Confidence Interval). The prevalence of stillbirth among pregnant women was higher than in the other studies done in similar settings.

Contrasting archaeal and bacterial community assembly processes and the importance of rare taxa along a depth gradient in shallow coastal sediments

Marine microbial communities assemble along a sediment depth gradient and are responsible for processing organic matter. Composition of the microbial community along the depth is affected by various biotic and abiotic factors, e.g., the change of redox gradient, the availability of organic matter, and the interactions of different taxa. The community structure is also subjected to some random changes caused by stochastic processes of birth, death, immigration and emigration. However, the high-resolution shifts of microbial community and mechanisms of the vertical assembly processes in marine sediments remain poorly described. Archaeal and bacterial communities were analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomes in the Bohai Sea sediment samples. The archaeal community was dominated by Thaumarchaeota with increased alpha diversity along depth. Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial group with decreased alpha diversity as depth increased. Sampling sites and depths collectively affected the beta-diversity for both archaeal and bacterial communities. The dominant mechanism determining archaeal community assembly was determinism, which was mostly contributed by homogeneous selection, i.e., consistent selection pressures in different locations or depths. In contrast, bacterial community assembly was dominated by stochasticity. Co-occurrence networks among different taxa and key functional genes revealed a tight community with low modularity in the bottom sediment, and disproportionately more interactions among low abundant ASVs. This suggests a significant contribution to community stabilization by rare taxa, and suggests that the bottom layer, rather than surface sediments may represent a hotspot for benthic microbial interactions.

AUGMENTING CERVIMETRY, FETAL SURVIVABILITY, CALVING EASE, AND UTERINE HEALTH DURING BUFFALO UTERINE TORSION TREATMENT

A total of 52 buffalo cows suffering from uterine torsion were divided into seven groups.Each animal in the groupwas subjected to diagnosis depending upon clinical signs, rectal, vaginal, and ultrasonographic examination then subjected to one of the formulatedtherapeutic regimes.Cervimetry, state of fetal livability, parturition easiness, placental dropping time, and uterine health witheach specific treatment were recorded. Results: groups injected with denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine showed rapid cervical dilation rate (3.1±0.26cm and 3.2±0.19cm, respectively).Moreover, had an extending effect, where an efficient cervimetry rate (17±0.52 cm and16±0.46cm, respectively)was achieved after 24h from starting the treatment.Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine and cloprostenol sodium plus methylergometrineshowed the unique parturition process that took place with no maneuverers (2.1±0.26, 1.8±0.22 and 2.1±0.55) with preserved fetal viability (100, 88.8 and 85.7 %) and uterine health (85.7, 88.8 and 85.7%). While,methylergometrine alone was an inefficient therapeutic protocol that didntassisted the process of normal delivery (3.2±0.17) and increases the rate of fetal deaths (50%).Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine andcloprostenol plus methylergometrinetreated groups showed significantly the shortest placental dropping time (9.4±1.2, 10±1.1and10±0.67hrs, respectively), while methylergometrine and misoprostol recorded the longest placental dropping time (13±0.49 and 13±0.37hrs, respectively).In conclusion,this study was considered the first attempt that follows the degree of cervimetryafter uterine torsion correction. Denaverine hydrochloride plus methergin is an efficient treatment regime that improved the reproductive health of buffalocow after uterine torsion correction.The cervical dilation rate starting from 13.00 -14.00 cmwas an articulated size at which the process of eutocia can start in buffalocows. The maximum achieved mean of the internal cervical luminal diameter for buffalo-cow after detorsion was 17±0.52cm, this diameter assisted the delivery process with little maneuverers.