Discussion Partners Research Articles

Informal caregivers’ roles and needs regarding shared decision-making in severe aortic stenosis

ObjectiveTo provide insight into experiences, preferences and needs of informal caregivers (ICs) regarding shared decision-making (SDM) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) of patients ≥ 70 years, and the effect of the level of perceived SDM on ICs’ quality of life (QOL) and distress. MethodsMultiple methods study consisting of a questionnaire at baseline and 3-month follow-up and focus groups. ResultsNinety-nine ICs (67.6 ± 11.7 years) completed the baseline questionnaire, eighty-two ICs the follow-up questionnaire, ten ICs (70.6 ± 12.6 years) participated in two focus groups. ICs perceived that identifying them as discussion partners and addressing patients’ daily lives were least discussed with professionals (26.3 %; 59.6 %). Most ICs (63.9 %) preferred a collaborative decision-making (DM) role. The level of perceived SDM was positively associated with baseline QOL social relations (p = .038), and follow-up QOL psychological health (p = .048) and environment (p = .024). ICs experienced three roles in SDM: supporters in DM, stimulators in clarifying patient’s personal context, and DM partners. ConclusionICs play valuable roles in SDM for severe AS, but feel professionals do not consistently identify them as discussion partners. Practice implicationsProfessionals should involve ICs in SDM for discussing older patient’s QOL and personal context, which can inform personalized decisions regarding severe AS treatment.

Development of the Partner Version of the Self-Efficacy to Communicate about Sex and Intimacy (SECSI-PV) Scale in the Context of Cancer Survivorship

Purpose This study aimed to develop the Partner Version of the Self-Efficacy to Communicate about Sex and Intimacy (SECSI-PV) scale. Methods Candidate items derived from the patient version of the instrument were refined with input from an expert panel specializing in sexual health, psychosocial oncology, and instrument development (n = 6). Partners (n = 17) of female cancer survivors participated in cognitive interviews to assess the revised scale’s content validity. Results Transcripts were analyzed qualitatively. Participants endorsed the items as relevant, clear, and appropriate. Conclusions The present work illustrates the iterative development of the SECSI-PV scale. The study highlights the importance of including partners in sexual health discussions and emphasizes the need for psychosocial interventions supporting partners’ confidence communicating about sexuality and intimacy. Additional research is recommended to validate the instrument in larger samples encompassing cancer types that are not sex-based and partners from diverse backgrounds, including sexual and gender minority groups.

The Role of Self-Threat and Self-Affirmation in Initiation of Political Conversations

Both in their quantity and their quality, informal political conversations can provide an important bellwether for democratic health. However, not everyone is willing to participate in political conversations in all settings, and systematic imbalances in who chooses not to share political attitudes can distort perceptions of public opinion. Using data from three original surveys, including both observational and experimental analysis, we examine people’s decisions to initiate political discussions using a psychological framework of self-threat and self-affirmation. We find that political conversations pose a higher level of self-threat when disagreement is probable and the relationship with the potential discussion partner is weaker. High levels of self-threat, measured via self-reported anxiety, are associated with a lower willingness to initiate a political conversation. However, self-threat can be counteracted. While it does not reduce the anxiety associated with a threatening situation, self-affirmation increases people’s willingness to initiate a political conversation in higher threat circumstances. This suggests that efforts to find common ground or boost confidence by reflecting on non-political values could increase the pool of people willing to bring up and share their political views.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE THINK PAIR SHARE LEARNING MODEL IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LESSONS TO INCREASE STUDENT LEARNING ACTIVITIES

This research is motivated by the fact that religious education learning is still carried out conventionally, causing less than optimal learning pressure and low learning activity in participating in learning. This research aims to describe the influence of the Think Pair Share learning model in increasing the learning activity of class VII students in Islamic religious education subjects at SMP Negeiri 2 Bengkalis and the supporting or inhibiting factors. This type of research is experimental research with a quantitative approach. Observation, documentation, and tests are used to collect data. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of this research are the first, from the results of hypothesis testing using the Paired Simple T-Test test model, we obtained a significance result of 0.000 which is smaller and <0.05, so Ha is accepted in this research, meaning Ha is accepted in this research, meaning Ha accepted into this research. that there is a significant influence of the TPS (Think Pair Share) type learning model in increasing the learning activities of class VIII students in Islamic religious education subjects at SMP Negeri 2 Bengkalis. Then it can be seen from the test results that the experimental class obtained an average score of 80.31, which was greater than the control class which obtained an average score of 74.38. others, namely a non-conducive classroom atmosphere, time, and selection of discussion partners.

Linking perspectives: a field experiment on the role of multi-layer networks in refugee information sharing

The social networks that interconnect groups of people are often “multi-layered”—comprised of a variety of relationships and interaction types. Although researchers increasingly acknowledge the presence of multiple layers and even measure them separately, little is known about whether and how different layers function differently. We conducted a field experiment in twelve villages in rural Uganda that measured real multi-layer social networks and then tracked their use in response to new, discussion-provoking information about refugees. We find that people who received our information treatment discussed refugees with more people, selected discussion partners from neighbors in the multi-layer network, and used most of the layers to do so. Treatment kicked off conversations throughout the villages that also included control respondents; treated and control both selected discussion partners from their networks who shared their attitudes towards refugees and were particularly interested in the subject. Our results point to multi-layer networks of day-to-day interactions as a source of prospective discussion partners when new information arises, especially layers based on shared meals, homestead visits, and money borrowing. When a relationship is based on multiple of these layers, it is even more likely to facilitate discussion. Furthermore, the selection of discussion partners from these networks depends less on any one particular layer and more on characteristics of the tie relative to the topic at hand.

Effects of intellectual humility in the context of affective polarization: Approaching and avoiding others in controversial political discussions.

Affective polarization, the extent to which political actors treat each other as disliked outgroups, is challenging political exchange and deliberation, for example, via mistrust of the "political enemy" and unwillingness to discuss political topics with them. The present experiments address this problem and study what makes people approach, and not avoid, potential discussion partners in the context of polarized political topics in Germany. We hypothesized that intellectual humility, the recognition of one's intellectual limitations, would predict both less affective polarization and higher approach and lower avoidance tendencies toward contrary-minded others. Across four preregistered online-survey experiments (N = 1,668), we manipulated how intellectually humble a target person was perceived and measured participants' self-reported (topic-specific) intellectual humility. Results revealed that participants' intellectual humility was consistently negatively correlated with affective polarization. Additionally, intellectual humility of both the target person and the participants was beneficial, and sometimes even necessary, to make participants approach, and not avoid, the target person. Intellectual humility was more important than moral conviction, opinion, and opinion strength. Furthermore, the effects on approach and avoidance were mediated by more positive expectations regarding the debate, and the effects on future willingness for contact by higher target liking. Our findings suggest that intellectual humility is an important characteristic to enable political exchange as it leads to seeing political outgroups more positively and to a higher willingness to engage in intergroup contact. Implications for intergroup contact of political groups as well as ideas for future research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Explaining contentious political issues promotes open-minded thinking

Cognitive scientists suggest that inviting people to explain contentious political issues might reduce intergroup toxicity because it exposes people to how poorly they understand the issue. However, whether providing explanations can result in more open-minded political thinking remains unclear. On one hand, inviting people to explain a political issue might make them more impartial and open-minded in their thinking. On the other hand, an invitation to explain a contentious political issue might lead to myside bias—rationalization of one's default position. Here, we address these contrasting predictions in five experiments (N = 1884; three pre-registered), conducted across a variety of contexts: with graduate students interacting with an actor in a laboratory setting, with US residents at the peak of the 2012 and 2016 U.S. presidential elections, with UK residents before the highly polarized 2019 Brexit vote, and with gun-control partisans. Across studies, we found that explaining politically contentious topics resulted in more open-minded thinking, an effect that generalized across coded (Studies 1–4) and self-report (Studies 3–4) measures. We also observed that participants who were made to feel like their explanations were welcomed felt closer to their discussion partner (Studies 3–4), an effect that generalized to all outgroup members with whom they disagreed with about the politically contentious issue (Study 4). We discuss the theoretical implications of these findings, and the potential for explanations to foster open-minded political engagement.

How to Start and Build Microsurgery Practice-Topics on Success and Sustainability: Global/International.

Many young microsurgeons begin their careers at established hospitals where microsurgery resources are limited. This article shares the authors' experiences in overcoming challenges and establishing a microsurgery practice in a new hospital. Due to the lack of equipment, limited support from colleagues, absence of discussion partners, fear of failure, and unpredictable situations, many aspiring microsurgeons lose their motivation. The purpose of this article is to guide future microsurgeons by describing the author's actions and suggesting improvements for their first free flap case. Key factors for building a successful, sustainable, and enjoyable microsurgery practice include remembering your training and mentors, acquiring fundamental knowledge of microsurgery, creating a supportive ecosystem, and having fun.

The Indonesia's Strategies For Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Sovereignty With 1982 UNCLOS Provisions: North Natuna Sea

North Natuna Sea's abundance of natural resources provides a tremendous pull for diverse parties, who, for the sake of profit maximization, are willing to commit any crime. A further report found that the claims of South East Asean countries and China on Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) waters in North Natuna Sea are completely divorced from the attractiveness of the natural resources. Considering the strategies to resolve any differences and the disputes between South East Asean countries and China in a peaceful manner through dialogue, affirming commitment to the goals and principles of UNCLOS, 1982, this paper provides a systematic review of the strategies as a the treaty of amity and cooperation in the South East Asian model for Indonesia’s stability which promotes agency and reflective practice. Comparing the current practice of the current waters’ cases in North Natuna Sea to the international stabilities reported in the literature, this review suggests that North Natuna Sea needs adopt two strategies that are concurrently executed and mutually supportive. The first is a diplomatic strategy consisting of two simultaneous steps, the first of which involves efforts to expedite the implementation of negotiations and the conclusion of a territorial boundary agreement between Indonesia and the Philippines, India, Malaysia, Palau, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam. sea. The second strategy is a defense diplomacy approach to China, by leveraging Indonesia-China bilateral defense cooperation and multilateral defense cooperation venues such as ARF and ADMM Plus where China is a discussion partner. Key words: Indonesia, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), Sovereignty, 1982 UNCLOS Provisions, North Natuna Sea

Harnessing Sociographs to Design Discussion Groups for Mathematics Learning: A Social Network Analysis Approach

As one of the 21st-century competencies, mathematical communication ability must be achieved through interactions created between teachers and students, and among students. Discussion groups are an alternative that generates interaction between students. Currently, not many teachers design discussion groups based on communication networks. This study aims to describe the results of Social Networking Analysis in independent mathematics learning through group discussions using graph representation. This network analysis is a complete communication network analysis with a quantitative descriptive method using UCINET Ver.6. This study uses five aspects to analyze the data, namely: (1) eigenvector centrality, (2) degree centrality, (3) closeness centrality, (4) betweenness centrality, and (5) network density. The subjects of this study were 32 students at a junior high school in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, who were selected based on suggestions from the mathematics teacher.The data in this study were collected using questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Hence, the validity and reliability of each one has been examined. According to the study, 43.8% of students' independent arithmetic learning falls into the medium category. It implies that students frequently decide on study sessions with discussion partners and take the initiative to identify and arrange the answers. Based on the data, four groups were created, each with eight pupils. This study is anticipated to serve as a benchmark for other investigations into the efficacy of discussion groups created in conformity with 21st-century skills.

Identification of Students' Misconceptions Using a Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test on Colligative Properties of Solutions

Misconception is an event of a wrong concept received by students after following a learning process, the concept received is not in accordance with existing scientific studies. This study aims to identify students' misconceptions on the colligative properties of the solution and the factors that cause misconceptions. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The instrument used is a four-tier multiple choice diagnostic test. This study involved 34 students of class XII MIA at MA Khulafaur Rasyidin Sungai Raya. The results showed that the level of misconceptions of students had an average percentage of 34% with a moderate misconception category, where a total of 65% students experienced misconceptions in the sub-topic of vapor pressure depression, 26,30% students experienced misconceptions in the sub-topic of freezing point depression, 33,30% students experienced misconceptions in the sub-topic of boiling point elevation, and 26% students experienced misconceptions in the sub-topic of osmotic pressure. Based on the results of the interview, the factors causing misconceptions in this study consist of internal and external factors. Internal factors come from students, that are students provide concept ideas spontaneously based on their understanding without being investigated first, students provide incorrect reasoning, students are confused in connecting one concept with another, lack of interest and ability of students in learning chemistry. External factors come from the context and teaching methods, where one of the learners' discussion partners has misconceptions, the teacher is more dominant in providing chemical explanations in mathematical form, and limited experiments. Those misconceptions can be reduced by presenting the topic in an interesting way, using an experiment, or using multiple representations approach.

Social Interaction of PUBG Mobile Gamers in the "Eden Esports" Community from A Dramaturgic Perspective

Traditional games are becoming outmoded and rarely used. Technology has transformed conventional games, making online games more engaging. PUBG Mobile is a popular internet game among teens. Social interaction concerns can arise in gaming, especially when one team or opponents is verbally attacked with criticism, insults, and humiliations. Players often criticise, criticise, and degrade teams and opponents in community participation and gaming. Dramaturgical analysis is used to evaluate Pubg Mobile Gamers' social interactions in the "Eden Esports" group. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research strategy. This study included interviews, observation, and documentation with ten informants. This study found that gamers use disparaging language and slurs. This contrasts with their domestic or non-community behaviour, when they speak less and do less. Completed. Goffman believes that direct interpersonal exchanges involve dramatic components. Individuals choose a character and expose it to appropriate situations and discussion partners.

Confidence in Ability to Communicate With Sexual Partners About PrEP Among Black Cisgender Women.

This study explored the factors associated with Black women's confidence in their ability to engage male sexual partners in discussions about PrEP. Communication about PrEP with male partners is an important, yet minimally explored, outcome in PrEP research among Black women in heterosexual partnerships. Among 315 respondents, results show significant differences in anticipated stigma and interest in PrEP between a binary outcome variable being confident and not-confident discussing PrEP with sexual partners. Further, factors such as employment, worrying about HIV infection, interest in taking oral PrEP, subjective norms, injunctive norms, and descriptive norms were associated with Black women's higher odds of confidence in their ability to engage sexual partners about PrEP. Conversely, PrEP disapproval and stigma resulted in lower odds of Black women's confidence in their ability to engage sexual partners about PrEP. Results indicate the need for continued investigation of confidence and, relatedly, communication about PrEP among heterosexual couples and communitylevel interventions normalizing PrEP discussions and uptake.

Someone who knows and someone I trust: Investigating how and with whom U.S. 8- to 14-year-old youth seek to learn about racial inequality.

This study investigated 8- to 14-year-old U.S. children's (N = 202, 47% girls, and 49% White) evaluations of statements reflecting individual and structural attributions for the causes of racial inequality between Black and White people in the United States, the epistemic characteristics they used to seek out more information on this topic, and who they believed reflected these characteristics. With age, participants increasingly endorsed statements reflecting structural attributions for racial inequality (i.e., educational and occupational exclusion), and increasingly reasoned about privilege and racism. In contrast, participants did not endorse statements reflecting individual attributions at any age (i.e., group differences in intelligence and effort), instead reasoning about equality between racial groups. Overall, participants sought expertise (i.e., content knowledge) and interpersonal trust (i.e., closeness and support) in a scenario where they could choose a discussion partner to learn more about racial inequality, and were most likely to seek out their family members, though some also sought out their friends, teachers, and the internet or social media. This study provides insights into who children see as relevant sources for learning about racial inequality and their reasons for trusting them. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Frailty and Diminished Human Relationships Are Associated with Poor Sleep Quality in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sleep quality, frailty, and human relationships in Japanese older adults (aged 65 years and above, excluding those certified as requiring long-term care). This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire survey to gather demographic information, data on frequency of conversation and conversation partners, and employed the following validated instruments: Kihon Checklist (KCL), a Japanese instrument used to determine the care needs and frailty of older adults; the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for Community-Dwelling Elderly (DRACE) scale; Japanese versions of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-J); the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15-J); and the University of California Los Angeles Scale (UCLA-J), an instrument to assess loneliness in older adults. The 500 respondents were divided into two groups based on sleep quality (PSQI-J): low sleep quality group (n = 167, 33.4%) and high sleep quality group (n = 333, 66.6%). Our analyses showed that the low sleep quality group had a KCL score of 5.55 ± 2.47, which indicated frailty. Binomial logistic regression analysis identified age, number of diseases under treatment, DRACE, GDS-15-J, and conversation frequency and discussion partner for important matters as factors (p < 0.05) associated with poor sleep quality. These factors could help enhance the detection of frailty and predictability of caregiving needs.

Evaluation of Students' Difficulties in Learning Mathematics in Complex Variable Material

Prospective mathematics teachers are required to be able to master facts and be able to give examples that exist in everyday life. A prospective mathematics teacher is expected to be skilled and mature in using media when operating, explaining and demonstrating direct objects that exist in any complex variable material. The aim of this study is to analyze the obstacles and difficulties of students in Mathematics. Two indicators for assessing mathematics learning outcomes: 1) Direct objects (Facts, Concepts, Skills, and Principles), and 2) Indirect objects (Internet and friends). Mixed methods research method. The subject of the complex variable mathematics course and the student object. Qualitative data collection techniques by observation, interviews, documentation and quantitative survey method collection techniques by distributing instruments. Analysis with, presentation, reduction, presenting bar charts, data synchronization and drawing conclusions. The findings, students' difficulties lie in the direct object, namely mastery of mathematical facts 95.55% and concept difficulties 91.11%, principle (formula) difficulties 91.11% and algorithms 75.55%. Students who get good grades online are assisted by indirect objects, namely the internet and other student discussion partners. In conclusion, students' obstacles and difficulties lie in the direct objects of fact indicators (definitions) and concepts. Material design, facts and concepts with group discussion models are learning solutions.

Starting a conversation about estimands with public partners involved in clinical trials: a co-developed tool

BackgroundClinical trials aim to draw conclusions about the effects of treatments, but a trial can address many different potential questions. For example, does the treatment work well for patients who take it as prescribed? Or does it work regardless of whether patients take it exactly as prescribed? Since different questions can lead to different conclusions on treatment benefit, it is important to clearly understand what treatment effect a trial aims to investigate—this is called the ‘estimand’. Using estimands helps to ensure trials are designed and analysed to answer the questions of interest to different stakeholders, including patients and public. However, there is uncertainty about whether patients and public would like to be involved in defining estimands and how to do so. Public partners are patients and/or members of the public who are part of, or advise, the research team. We aimed to (i) co-develop a tool with public partners that helps explain what an estimand is and (ii) explore public partner’s perspectives on the importance of discussing estimands during trial design.MethodsAn online consultation meeting was held with 5 public partners of mixed age, gender and ethnicities, from various regions of the UK. Public partner opinions were collected and a practical tool describing estimands, drafted before the meeting by the research team, was developed. Afterwards, the tool was refined, and additional feedback sought via email.ResultsPublic partners want to be involved in estimand discussions. They found an introductory tool, to be presented and described to them by a researcher, helpful for starting a discussion about estimands in a trial design context. They recommended storytelling, analogies and visual aids within the tool. Four topics related to public partners’ involvement in defining estimands were identified: (i) the importance of addressing questions that are relevant to patients and public in trials, (ii) involving public partners early on, (iii) a need for education and communication for all stakeholders and (iv) public partners and researchers working together.ConclusionsWe co-developed a tool for researchers and public partners to use to facilitate the involvement of public partners in estimand discussions.

The Penerapan Persyaratan Umum Instalasi Listrik 2011 Pada Instalasi Listrik Bangunan Gedung

The installation of lighting does not only cover the problem of lighting but includes the installation of equipment (fans, electric motors, water pumps, air conditioners, etc.) PT. Sumatera Riang Lestari is a company engaged in the industrial sector that does not know and understand how to properly install and operate electrical equipment. Based on the results of identifying problems with partners, identifying problems with partners PT. Sumatra Riang Lestari which is being faced by activity partners. In the operation of electrical installation equipment, it often experiences damage, for example there is a voltage drop, damage to equipment occurs and power outages occur. The results of the discussion partners know and master Basic Knowledge of Electrical Installation after socialization 92%, General Requirements for Electrical Installation (PUIL) 2011 by 88%, Electricity Standardization (SNI) by 96%, Use and Operation of Electrical Equipment according to Electricity Standards (SNI) according to Electricity Standards (SNI) of 88%, Electrical Installation Materials and Components of 96%

KONSELING KELOMPOK MODEL KIPAS (KONSELING INTENSIF, PROGRESIF, ADAPTIF, TERSTRUKTUR) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA SMK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Interest in entrepreneurship is an important thing that students must have in developing new entrepreneurs during this Pandemic. It is known that this pandemic period has had a significant impact on economic activity so that several sectors must be affected and reduce the opportunity to open job vacancies. Vocational students who usually rely on job vacancies should be encouraged to be interested in entrepreneurship. To increase interest in entrepreneurship, group counseling activities are needed that can help students identify, initiate, and be sure of the decisions that have been taken to become entrepreneurship. The KIPAS (Intensive, Progressive, Adaptive, Structured Counseling) counseling model is an alternative group counseling model that can provide discussion partners, innovations, and support for students who want to start a new business. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the KIPAS model group counseling in increasing the interest in entrepreneurship in vocational students. The study was designed with a single subject design involving ten students as group members. The instrument used is a student's entrepreneurship interest scale which consists of 24 items with six leading indicators that have been empirically validated. Furthermore, the study results were tested using the Wilcoxon test with the help of SPSS 22. The results of this study indicate that the KIPAS model group counseling effectively increases the entrepreneurial interest of SMK students. The problem of limiting activities experienced by the COVID-19 Pandemic can later be overcome with group counseling that is designed in a blended manner.

THE INFLUENCE OF PARENT-ADOLESCENT AND PEER INTERACTION ON PREMARITAL SEXUAL PERCEPTION OF BROKEN HOME ADOLESCENT

Divorce in Indonesia continues to increase, resulting in an imbalance of family roles and functions. This imbalance has an impact on adolescents such as adolescent premarital sexual behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship and influence of parent-adolescent interaction and peer interaction on the perception of premarital sexuality in adolescents from broken home families. The method used in this study was purposive sampling method with online survey completion. The number of research samples was 190 adolescents from broken home families in the Jabodetabek area (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi). The relationship test shows that parent-adolescent interaction has a significant negative relationship with the premarital sexual perceptions of adolescents from broken home families. The results of the effect test show that parent-adolescent interaction has a significant negative effect on the premarital sexual perceptions of adolescents from broken home families, but peer interaction has a positive and insignificant effect on the sexual perceptions of adolescents from broken home families. It is expected that parents can be a discussion partner for adolescents in solving problems. Teenagers are expected to be able to choose a good friendship environment.