Household Partner Research Articles

Household Characteristics of Home schoolers in Kenya

This study aimed to succinctly identify the unique characteristics of homeschooling households in Kenya. The study used a literature review, a survey, and insights from key informants’ interviews. The study found that households that homeschool their children in Kenya are made up of married couples, have multiple children and are well educated with at least a bachelor's degree. One of the household partners stays or works at home and is likely to be the mother since they provide teaching in these households. Only 32 percent have a separate dedicated classroom while 40 percent do not have a dedicated learning space. Along the same line, only about two-thirds of the respondents preferred a flexible schedule, while 7 percent had no learning schedule. Parents (mothers) are more likely to teach the younger children while households are likely to employ a teacher for the older children above 14 years. Moreover, the characteristics do not deviate significantly from findings in other jurisdictions. Homeschooling households in Kenya are likely to come from medium urban areas and use multiple curriculums. A small portion of homeschooling households do not follow any curriculum. Homeschooling in Kenya is driven by the need to provide personalized learning and not pedagogical or Christian persuasion

Health of single mothers and fathers in Germany. Results of the GEDA studies 2019 - 2023.

The living situation of single parents is often characterised by sole responsibility for family and household, problems in reconciling work and family life, and a high risk of poverty. In a comparative perspective with parents in partner households, the health of single mothers and fathers was analysed, considering differences in their social status. The analyses are based on data from the GEDA studies 2019 - 2023 (7,999 women, 6,402 men). Prevalences for single mothers and fathers and mothers and fathers living in partner households were calculated for self-rated health, chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, smoking and utilisation of professional help for mental health problems. In multivariate models, adjustments were made for income, education, employment status and social support, and interactions with family type were included. Single mothers and fathers show higher prevalences for all health indicators in comparison to parents living in partner households. Also after adjustment, the differences between family types remain significant. The health of single mothers also varies partially with income, employment status and social support. Health promotion measures have to consider that single parents are a heterogeneous group. In addition to strengthening personal skills, policy and setting-based interventions aim to reduce health inequalities.

Achieving relationship satisfaction: household gender equality and mattering

This study delves into the dynamics of relationship satisfaction (RS) among married couples and its crucial significance for mental health and psychological well-being. Survey data encompassing variables such as the general mattering scale, gender inequality in Household Chores scale, kansas marital conflict scale, and relationship assessment scale were gathered from 128 married individuals aged 18 to 65 in urban areas of Malaysia and Indonesia. Participants furnished demographic information including age, gender, and marriage duration. The study variables were assessed through the scales mentioned earlier. The findings, derived from bootstrap analysis involving 5,000 samples at a 95% confidence interval, revealed that the extent of partners' involvement in household chores significantly predicted their perception of gender equality in domestic responsibilities. This perception, in turn, fostered an elevated sense of mattering, thereby contributing to heightened relationship satisfaction. Importantly, the general mattering scale served as a significant mediator in the relationship between partner's household involvement and relationship satisfaction. In summary, couples benefit from partners engaging in domestic chores, resulting in an enhanced sense of mutual significance, greater relationship satisfaction, and improved mental well-being. Marital conflict frequency and intensity did not emerge as significant factors in this relationship.

The Probability of Socioeconomic Status and Demographics Effect on Birth Weight Babies

Low Birth Weight (LBW) can lead to stunting and the impact of stunting in long term. Socioeconomic status and demographic factors can be a cause of baby’s low birth weight. The study aims to analyze the probability of a household giving birth to a baby with low birth weight. The data used in the research uses data from the 2021 National Socio-economic Survey (Susenas). The model used in this study is a logit model with a total of 2,203,472. The result shows poor households, household partners with low education, and household members who smoke have a significantly lower probability of giving birth to normal baby’s weight Meanwhile, households who work in the formal sector and live in urban areas have a significantly higher probability of giving birth to normal-weight babies. Households with a good socioeconomic status will provide optimal nutrition. Households in urban areas still have a better level of health than those in rural areas and households that do not smoke will give birth to healthier babies with normal weight.

Travel behavior changes due to life events: Longitudinal evidence from Dutch couple households

Despite increasing interest in how travel behavior changes over time, few studies have investigated how life events alter travel behavior, especially from a household perspective. This study examined the extent to which life events influenced changes in travel mode frequencies at the household level. We applied structural equation modeling based on the Netherlands Mobility Panel data for 2014 and 2016. For both partners, acquiring a household car significantly increased car use, and disposing of household cars decreased car use frequency. The number of household cars was inversely related to men’s train use. Childbirth in the household decreased both partners’ cycling frequency. Men’s job changes increased train use. These findings emphasize that life events can influence changes in travel behavior within household partners.

STRENGTHENING HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL RESILIENCE THROUGH FINANCIAL LITERACY IN PRE-PROSPEROUS WOMEN'S GROUPS IN MALATUNRUNG PALOPO CITY

Women's financial skills in a household are critical, considering that some of the roles and responsibilities of household financial management usually rest with a woman. The implementation of this guidance to the community aims to strengthen household financial resilience through increasing financial literacy in the pre-prosperous women's group. This service implementation model uses two approaches to overcome partner problems. The first is by using the Heuristic model as a model for financial literacy education and the Enthrepreneurship Capacity Building (ECB) model for empowering partner household entrepreneurship. As a result of the implementation of this community partnership program, there was a fairly good increase in knowledge and understanding of individual finances and household financial management of pre-prosperous women's groups in Malatunrung village compared to what was previously very lacking. The empowerment and resilience of households economically also increase with the skills possessed in utilizing local resources and processing them into products that have high economic value. There was a 100% increase in the new skills of partners who were pre-prosperous women's groups. This community partnership program provides an opportunity to improve individual skills for women that are not acquired in formal education programs, thereby increasing household financial empowerment and resilience that contribute directly to household welfare.

Feasibility and validity of the EQ-5D-3L in the elderly Europeans: a secondary data analysis using SHARE(d) data

PurposeTo determine feasibility and validity of the EQ-5D-3L in the elderly European population.MethodsSecondary data analysis based on the study of health, ageing, and retirement in Europe (SHARE) to determine the percentage of missing items for EQ-5D dimensions and EQ VAS, and to demonstrate convergent/divergent validity with measures included in the SHARE survey. Known-groups validity was tested using literature-based hypotheses. Correlation coefficients and Cohen’s f are reported.ResultsMissing values were below 3% across all EQ-5D dimensions and gender strata, slightly increasing with age. Individuals’ responses to each EQ-5D dimension were related to their ratings of other measures in expected directions. The EQ VAS and all EQ-5D dimensions (except anxiety/depression) moderately to strongly correlated with physical [e.g. number of limitations in activities of daily living (ADL): r = 0.313–0.658] and generic measures [CASP (control, autonomy, self-realization, pleasure)-19 scale, self-perceived health, number of symptoms: r = 0.318–0.622], while anxiety/depression strongly correlated with the EURO-D scale (r = 0.527). Both EQ-5D dimensions and EQ VAS discriminated well between two [or more] groups known to differ [e.g. anxiety/depression discriminated well between persons classified as depressed/not depressed using the EURO-D scale, f = 0.51; self-care differentiated best between individuals without and with 1 + ADL limitations, f = 0.69]. Sociodemographic variables like gender, education, and partner in household were hardly associated with EQ VAS scores (f < 0.25).ConclusionWith item non-response of less than 3%, good discriminatory, and construct properties, the EQ-5D-3L showed to be a feasible and valid measure in the elderly Europeans.

Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid alterations in cachectic cancer patients.

BackgroundCancer cachexia is characterized by a negative energy balance, muscle and adipose tissue wasting, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation. Because of its strong negative impact on prognosis and its multifactorial nature that is still not fully understood, cachexia remains an important challenge in the field of cancer treatment. Recent animal studies indicate that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis and manifestation of cancer cachexia, but human data are lacking. The present study investigates gut microbiota composition, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), and inflammatory parameters in human cancer cachexia.MethodsFaecal samples were prospectively collected in patients (N = 107) with pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, or ovarian cancer. Household partners (N = 76) of the patients were included as healthy controls with similar diet and environmental conditions. Patients were classified as cachectic if they lost >5% body weight in the last 6 months. Gut microbiota composition was analysed by sequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 gene region. Faecal SCFA levels were quantified by gas chromatography. Faecal calprotectin was assessed with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Serum C‐reactive protein and leucocyte counts were retrieved from medical records.ResultsCachexia prevalence was highest in pancreatic cancer (66.7%), followed by ovarian cancer (25%), lung cancer (20.8%), and breast cancer (17.3%). Microbial α‐diversity was not significantly different between cachectic cancer patients (N = 33), non‐cachectic cancer patients (N = 74), or healthy controls (N = 76) (species richness P = 0.31; Shannon effective index P = 0.46). Community structure (β‐diversity) tended to differ between these groups (P = 0.053), although overall differences were subtle and no clear clustering of samples was observed. Proteobacteria (P < 0.001), an unknown genus from the Enterobacteriaceae family (P < 0.01), and Veillonella (P < 0.001) were more abundant among cachectic cancer patients. Megamonas (P < 0.05) and Peptococcus (P < 0.001) also showed differential abundance. Faecal levels of all SCFA tended to be lower in cachectic cancer patients, but only acetate concentrations were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Faecal calprotectin levels were positively correlated with the abundance of Peptococcus, unknown Enterobacteriaceae, and Veillonella. We also identified several correlations and interactions between clinical and microbial parameters.ConclusionsThis clinical study provided the first insights into the alterations of gut microbiota composition and SCFA levels that occur in cachectic cancer patients and how they are related to inflammatory parameters. These results pave the way for further research examining the role of the gut microbiota in cancer cachexia and its potential use as therapeutic target.

INCOME DIVIDING AMONG FAMILY: INFORMATION FROM INPUT ON ICONOMIC PLEASURE

This paper adds to the comprehension of sex viewpoints in the intra-household dividing of income. I gauge models of contrasts in monetary fulfilment between household partners utilizing board information from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, which permits one to account for family level fixed impacts. The paper adds to the writing a further convincing rejection of the equivalent dividing speculation. Also and novel, the outcomes suggest that unequal income dividing is topsy-turvy and set off by the relative business situations with the partners in male provider families, the ladies' prosperity is influenced by the dissemination factor; in double full-time couples, it is the man's prosperity.

(Un)Sustainability of the Time Devoted to Selected Housework—Evidence from Slovakia

Domestic appliances play a vital role in modern households. Appliances help simplify domestic work, but individuals become dependent on them. The present paper aims to contribute to the long-standing dilemma among scholars whether domestic appliances help to shorten the time devoted to household chores or not. The paper focuses on the utilization of various domestic appliances in Slovak households and on the influence of their utilization on the time of men and women in partner households and in the single-person households devoted to routine unpaid work activities. The results of the paper are based on the data from original field research conducted in Slovakia in 2015. A total of 1179 partner households, 182 single-man households and 226 single-woman households were included in the analysis. The jamovi version 1.2 statistical program was used to verify the hypothesis by chi-squared goodness of fit test and nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test. In partner households and in single-man households, usage of automatic washing machines significantly influences time devoted to preparation and maintenance of the clothes. In single-woman households, usage of dishwasher significantly influences time devoted to food preparation. In partner households, men devote less time to routine unpaid work activities than women, regardless of usage or non-usage of domestic appliances.

Effects of Household Size and Partner Status on Financial Well-Being and Financial Exploitation

Social isolation and loneliness are significant risk factors for older adults (adults over the age of 50) for a multitude of reasons. This study explored the connections between social isolation, vulnerability to financial exploitation, and financial wellbeing in a sample of older adults. Using the concept of precarity as a guiding framework, this study assessed behaviors that expose individuals to financial exploitation as well as indicators of financial wellbeing in individuals with varying degrees of social isolation. One-hundred-eight community-dwelling older adults completed a pen-and-paper survey containing measures of risk to financial exploitation and financial wellbeing. Participants were predominantly female (75.9%), White (90.7%), and highly educated. Fifty-eight participants were unpartnered (53.7%) and 67 participants (62%) lived with at least one other person. Chi-square analyses resulted in a significant association between partner status and being a victim of financial exploitation (χ2(1) = 10.842, p≤.001). Furthermore, there was an association between social isolation and engaging in certain behaviors that put someone at risk for financial exploitation (such as reading junk mail). As for measures of financial wellbeing, partner status was significantly associated with feelings of financial freedom (χ2(3) =8.608, p =.035). These findings indicate that socially isolated individuals may be at greater risk of financial exploitation and have lower levels of financial wellbeing, such as feeling unprepared for retirement (χ2(2) =7.358, p =.025). The results of this study highlight the risks involved with social isolation and indicate further research is needed into ways to mitigate these negative effects.

Association of depressive symptoms with health care utilization in older adults: Longitudinal evidence from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe

Many older adults with depression do not receive adequate treatment. Differences in treatment utilization may reflect the heterogeneous nature of depression, encompassing multiple distinct symptoms. We assessed whether depressive symptoms are differentially associated with subsequent health care utilization with respect to three outcomes as follows: (1) contact with a medical doctor (MD), (2) depression-specific treatment, and (3) inpatient psychiatric admission. Longitudinal analyses were based on data from three follow-up cycles conducted between 2004 and 2013 among 53,139 participants from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe. Depressive symptoms were self-reported at baseline of each follow-up cycle using the 12-item EURO-D scale. Health care utilization was self-reported at the end of each follow-up cycle. After adjustment for sex, age, country of interview, follow-up time, educational attainment, presence of a partner in household, body-mass index, the number of chronic diseases, disability, average/prior frequency of contact with an MD, and all other depressive symptoms, people with more frequent contact with an MD had most often reported sleep problems (IRR = 1.10) and fatigue (IRR = 1.10), followed by sad/depressed mood, tearfulness, concentration problems, guilt, irritability, and changes in appetite. Those treated for depression had most often reported sad/depressed mood (OR = 2.18) and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.72), but also sleep problems, changes in appetite, fatigue, concentration problems, hopelessness, and irritability. Sad/depressed mood (OR = 2.87) was also associated with psychiatric inpatient admission. Similarly to other outcomes, appetite change, fatigue, and sleep problems were associated with inpatient admission. Specific symptoms of depression may determine utilization of different types of health care among elderly.

Political engagement and turnout among same-sex couples in Western Europe

This paper presents and addresses a simple, yet overlooked, research question: is there a sexuality gap in political engagement and participation between sexual minority individuals and the heterosexual majority in Western Europe? To answer this question, we employ a recently applied method of identifying lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) individuals using data on the gender composition of cohabiting partner households from the European Social Survey. Relying on a total sample of more than 110,000 individuals across 12 different countries with an identified sample of 1542 LGB individuals, we test the divergence in political interest and political participation, both electoral and non-electoral, between LGB and non-LGB individuals. The results of our empirical analyses conform with our expectations. Theorising that LGBs, as a marginalised social stratum, are incentivised to participate and ‘vote like their rights depended on it’, we find empirical evidence of a significant and positive ‘sexuality gap’ in levels of political interest, turnout and other forms of political participation in Western Europe over and above what can be determined by socio-economic determinants of political participation.

Follow-Up Household Serosurvey in Northeast Brazil for Zika Virus: Sexual Contacts of Index Patients Have the Highest Risk for Seropositivity

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is also transmitted sexually; however, the epidemiological relevance of ZIKV sexual transmission in endemic regions is unclear. We performed a household-based serosurvey in Northeast Brazil to evaluate the differential exposure to ZIKV and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) among households. Individuals who participated in our previous arboviral disease cohort (indexes) were recontacted and enrolled, and their household members were newly enrolled. The relative risk of sexual partners being ZIKV-seropositive when living with a ZIKV-seropositive index participant was significantly higher, whereas this was not observed among nonsexual partners of the index. For CHIKV, both sexual and nonsexual partner household members living with a CHIKV-seropositive index had a significantly higher risk of being seropositive. In the nonindex-based dyadic and generalized linear mixed model analyses, the odds of sexual dyads having a concordant ZIKV plaque reduction neutralization test result was significantly higher. We have also analyzed retrospective clinical data according to the participants' exposure to ZIKV and CHIKV. Our data suggest that ZIKV sexual transmission may be a key factor for the high ZIKV seroprevalence among households in endemic areas and raises important questions about differential disease from the 2 modes of transmission.

The benefits of joint and separate financial management of couples

Financial management differs across households with consequences for financial outcomes and well-being of partners in households. A large-sample study has been performed, investigating the relationship between financial management of households and the occurrence of financial problems. To our knowledge, this is the first study on this relationship. Data from both partners was collected on having joint and separate bank accounts, on financial decision making, on drivers of financial management, and on financial outcomes. Based on the data, four financial management styles were derived: syncratic/joint, male-dominant, female-dominant, and autonomous financial management. In the syncratic style, partners have a joint bank account and take most financial decisions together. In the male/female-dominant styles, one partner (husband or wife) takes the main financial decisions. In the autonomous style, both partners have their own bank accounts and make their own decisions. As a conclusion, we find that syncratic financial management and having a joint instead of a separate bank account correlates with fewer financial problems, as compared with male-dominant money management and having separate bank accounts. Deciding together as partners is beneficial for the quality of financial management and for avoiding financial problems.

MENGENAL KONFLIK AKAR PENOLAKAN DAN DAMPAKNYA DALAM MEMBANGUN RUMAH TANGGA KRISTEN

In building a household, conflicts often occur, one of the biggest conflicts heard by marriage counselors in the household is a statement like the following: "My wife really doesn't understand me", or my husband never listens to me. So that makes most of the wavering marriage currently foundered experiencing divorce. Because many couples fail and do not have the ability to understand the roots of rejection experienced by their partners, or do not really know the dark past the partner can also be due to the lack of openness from the couple related to the past in the family of each partner. Negative effects will be seen after a few months or a few years in marriage then comes the original negative nature that causes anger and hatred towards the couple. The problem is not only that the impact of refusal can lead to sexual immorality or live in uncleanness in the household and even many infidelities occur because of dissatisfaction from each partner. The point in building a partner's household is not to be blind to see and pay attention to their partner enough just to fall in love to see the appearance and sympathetic nature and attention shown by their partner, but more importantly we can see the background of the past and are ready to accept all the weaknesses that are owned by his partner and completes and helps both partners to build a harmonious and happy home.

Family Context and Adolescent Risky Sexual Behavior: an Examination of the Influence of Family Structure, Family Transitions and Parenting.

Considerable research has been devoted to understanding the influence of the family on adolescents' risky sexual behavior, with primary focus being given to family structure, family transitions, or parenting. Using longitudinal data from the Family and Community Health Study (n = 550, 54% female, age 10.5 years at Wave 1), an African American sample, the current study goes beyond past research to examine the combined influence of all of these factors while also assessing a wider and more culturally sensitive array of family structures, family transitions, and mediators. Results demonstrated that while continuously married mother-father households were most efficacious in reducing risky sexual behavior for both males and females, mother-relative households, a common household configuration among African American families, were also beneficial for females compared to single-mother, mother-stepfather, and mother-cohabiting partner households. With regard to family transitions, mothers' number of divorces as well as her number of cohabiting breakups were associated with an increase in adolescents' risky sex. Family structure and family transition effects were partially mediated by hostile parenting, as well as adolescents' sexual attitudes and affiliation with sexually active peers. Even after accounting for the impact of these mediators, however, family structure and transitions at age 13 continued to have an effect on participation in risky sex when adolescents were 18 years of age. These results indicate that an array of family factors combine to influence the probability of adolescent participation in risky sex over time.

Predicting the Crimes Based On the Weather Using Pyspark

Crime investigation is one in all the principal vital exercises of the greater part of the astute and authorization associations wherever the planet. Commonly they gather household partner degree remote crime associated data (insight) to stop future assaults and use a confined assortment of implementation assets in an ideal way. A genuine test Janus-looked by the greater part of the authorization and insight associations is with productivity and precisely investigating the developing volumes of crimes associated data. The Brobdingnagian geological decent variety and furthermore the nature of crime designs have made the breaking down and recording of crime data harder. Information preparing could be an incredible asset that might be utilized viably for examining gigantic databases and record vital expository outcomes. This paper presents partner degree astute wrong doing examination framework that is intended to beat the over referenced issues. The arranged framework is here is to propose area examination together with the crime occurred and that proposed Pyspark which is an open source clustering framework here to store incredible measure of information's for crime investigation. And the crime analysis is based on the arrest which is a classified graphically viewed using a chart based on yearly, monthly, weekly, daily crime to analyze the criminals data. The arranged framework comprises of an upscale and rearranged setting that might be utilized successfully for procedures of crime investigation

Couples bickering: Disaffiliation and discord in Chinese conversation

This is an investigation into conflict and discord in conversations between couples (heterosexual partners) in ordinary households in mainland China. Based on a corpus of face-to-face and telephone...

Gendered perceptions of fairness in housework and shared expenses: Implications for relationship satisfaction and sex frequency.

There is a demonstrated relationship between couples’ division of household chores—and, to a lesser extent, the division of shared expenses—and their relationship quality. Less is known, however, about whether and how individuals’ perceived fairness of these arrangements is associated with couples’ relationships in different ways. Using a gendered equity framework, and drawing on 10,236 responses collected via an online national news website, this study examines how equity evaluations of housework and shared expenses are related to relationship satisfaction and sex frequency among different-gender household partners. Consistent with previous findings, the results indicate that evaluations of unfairness to oneself are a stronger predictor of relationship quality than perceived unfairness to one’s partner. Additionally, fairness evaluations over shared expenses are a stronger predictor of relationship quality than perceived equity in housework. Incorporating notions about traditional gender norms and expectations into the justice framework, the results point to some variation in relationship outcomes based on men’s and women’s differential equity evaluations.