Autogenous Particulate Bone Graft Research Articles

A New Collector Device for the Immediate Use of Particulate Autogenous Bone Grafts

A New Collector Device for the Immediate Use of Particulate Autogenous Bone Grafts

Shell Technique with a Xenogeneic Cortical Bone Lamina and Particulate Bone Graft for Horizontal Ridge Augmentation: A Case Series

The aim of this prospective case series was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a xenogeneic cortical bone lamina utilized as a "shell" on the buccal aspect of narrow alveolar ridges for horizontal bone augmentation. Fifteen patients requiring multiple implant restorations at sites with moderate to severe horizontal bone deficiency were consecutively enrolled. Horizontal bone augmentation was performed using a xenogeneic cortical bone lamina (XCBL), that was fixed on the buccal aspect of the ridge using titanium screws, and a mixture of particulate autogenous bone graft and porcine hydroxyapatite. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken at baseline and 6 months after bone augmentation. The healing was uneventful, with no intra- or post-operative complications. Twenty-seven dental implants were placed in the augmented sites. The calculated average horizontal bone gain from CBCT scans was 4.79 ± 1.64 mm, 5.59 ± 1.51 mm, and 5.79 ± 2.53 mm at 1-, 3- and 5-mm reference points apical to the buccal bone crest, respectively. The present case series demonstrated that the shell technique with the xenogeneic cortical bone lamina and particulate bone graft can be an effective approach for horizontal bone augmentation prior to implant placement.

Particulate autogenous bone graft in treatment of infected non‐union mandible fracture: A case report

Oral SurgeryAccepted Articles LETTER TO THE EDITOR Particulate autogenous bone graft in treatment of infected non-union mandible fracture: A case report Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira, Corresponding Author Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-8633 University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil General Hospital of Nova Iguacu in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Correspondence Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorGustavo Lima Latini, Gustavo Lima Latini General Hospital of Nova Iguacu in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorIzabela Lopes Pessanha, Izabela Lopes Pessanha University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorRodrigo Santos Batista Martins, Rodrigo Santos Batista Martins University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Lowenstein, Adam Lowenstein Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Research, Administration, Department of Periodontology, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this authorCarlos F. Mourão, Carlos F. Mourão Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Research, Administration, Department of Periodontology, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this author Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira, Corresponding Author Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-8633 University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil General Hospital of Nova Iguacu in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Correspondence Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorGustavo Lima Latini, Gustavo Lima Latini General Hospital of Nova Iguacu in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorIzabela Lopes Pessanha, Izabela Lopes Pessanha University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorRodrigo Santos Batista Martins, Rodrigo Santos Batista Martins University of Grande Rio-UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Lowenstein, Adam Lowenstein Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Research, Administration, Department of Periodontology, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this authorCarlos F. Mourão, Carlos F. Mourão Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Research, Administration, Department of Periodontology, Boston, MA, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 27 May 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/ors.12823 This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi:10.1111/ors.12823. AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Accepted ArticlesAccepted, unedited articles published online and citable. The final edited and typeset version of record will appear in the future. RelatedInformation

Towards Optimum Mandibular Reconstruction for Dental Occlusal Rehabilitation: From Preoperative Virtual Surgery to Autogenous Particulate Cancellous Bone and Marrow Graft with Custom-Made Titanium Mesh-A Retrospective Study.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate computer-assisted virtual surgery and the outcomes of mandibular reconstruction using an autogenous particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) graft combined with a custom-made titanium mesh (TiMesh) using a three-dimensional (3D) printing model. Eighteen consecutive patients were included, and preoperative virtual simulation surgery was performed using digital data. Segmental bone defects showed deviation of the mandible due to displacement of the condyle and segments, unnatural length of the mandibular body, or poorer intermaxillary relationship compared to the marginal bone defect caused by previous operations. These mandibular disharmonies could be simulated, and virtual surgery was performed on a computer with adjustment of displaced mandibular segments, length of the mandibular body, and dental arch with digital bone augmentation. TiMesh was manually pre-bent using a 3D printing model, and PCBM from the iliac crest was grafted with TiMesh. The short-term clinical results were good; reconstruction of the alveolar crest was prosthetically desirable; and minor complications were observed. In conclusion, virtual reconstruction is crucial for treating complex deviated mandibles. Accurate condylar and dental arch positions with an optimum mandibular length are important for prosthetically satisfactory mandibular reconstruction.

Evaluation of Particulate Autogenous Bone Graft Harvested by Auto Chip Maker versus Milling of Block Bone Graft (Experimental Study with Biochemical and Genetic Assessment)

Evaluation of Particulate Autogenous Bone Graft Harvested by Auto Chip Maker versus Milling of Block Bone Graft (Experimental Study with Biochemical and Genetic Assessment)

Effect of ozone therapy on the modulation of inflammation and on new bone formation in critical defects of rat calvaria filled with autogenous graft

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozone therapy on new bone formation and inflammation modulation in defects of rat calvaria filled with autogenous bone. Material and methodsCritical size defects were created in the calvaria of 24 male Wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups according to the treatment: G1: clot; G2: clot and covered with xenogenic membrane; G3: particulate autogenous bone graft; G4: autogenous bone graft and application of 3 mL O2/O3 gas mixture (10 µg/ml). The defects were filled immediately after surgery with a bilateral retroauricular application, in the region immediately above the incision. After 21 days, the animals were euthanized, and the samples were processed for morphometric evaluations designed to measure both the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, and the presence of new bone formation in the defect. ResultsThe results showed a lower inflammation score and higher mean of newly formed bone in the region of the defect for the group associated with ozone therapy (G4). The bone formed in the region of the defect could be observed as being more lamellar and mineralized in the case of associated ozone therapy. ConclusionOzone therapy represents a promising adjuvant therapy to accelerate tissue regeneration.

Severely resorbed mandible treatment: a 12-years follow-up case report

Rehabilitation of severely atrophic jaws has been a major problem for elderly patients and dentists. When conventional rehabilitation treatments are not possible, bone intervention is deemed necessary. Mandibles with less than 12 millimeters (mm) in height imply insufficient retention of the prosthesis, intolerance to mucosal load, pain and, consequently, incapacity of oral functions and decreased facial aesthetics. Endosseous implants are a widely accepted therapy for SRM rehabilitation, but it depends on the amount of bone available for a good prognosis. The Tent Pole technique is based on the addition of bone graft and expansion of the soft tissue matrix, mainly for cases of SRM with 6 mm or less of bone height available for rehabilitative treatments with endosseous dental implants. The objective of this report is to present and update a previously published clinical case of SRM reconstruction and rehabilitation using the tent pole technique, with 12 years of follow-up. The female patient, who underwent treatment at 63 years of age, received treatment using the Tent Pole surgical technique for mandibular reconstruction with cranial autogenous particulate bone graft. The treatment was favorable during the 12 years of control, the CT scan showed that the grafted bone was stable in volume and the mandible was enlarged in three dimensions.

Clinical, volumetric and densitometric evaluation of tissue engineered constructs for secondary alveolar cleft reconstruction: A randomized clinical trial

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of tissue engineered (TE) constructs compared to the standard autogenous anterior iliac crest (AIC) bone graft in secondary maxillary alveolar cleft reconstruction.This clinical trial was registered on (clinical trials.gov); the trial registry number is: NCT03563495. Patients with unilateral alveolar clefts were allocated on the basis of simple randomization. Selected patients were randomly divided into two equal groups: the AIC group (control) received autogenous particulate bone graft from anterior iliac crest, whereas the TE group received tissue engineered construct. Assessment included the newly formed bone volume and density at the grafted cleft sites, which were measured immediately, 6 and 12 months postoperatively on axial computed tomograms.The study population included 10 patients; each group comprised 5 patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the mean volume of the newly formed bone (p = 0.91 at 6 months, p = 0.994 at 1 year) and the mean density of the newly formed bone (p = 0.364 at 6 months, p = 0.073 at 1 year). However, there was a significant increase of TE graft density from 6 months to 1 year (p = 0.048).Within the limitations of the study it seems that the tissue engineered construct (collagen/osteogenically differentiated bone marrow−derived mesenchymal stem cells) might be an alternative to autogenous bone for unilateral secondary alveolar cleftgrafting.

Posterior maxillary ridge augmentation with sinus lift using Mineralized Plasmatic Matrix versus Autogenous Bone Graft

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of posterior maxillary ridge augmentation using mineralized plasmatic matrix versus autogenous bone graft on implant body stability in a randomized clinical trial. Twenty implants were placed in eight sinuses with a defective edentulous posterior maxillary ridge. After diagnosis of each case clinically and radio graphically, patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 3 patients each. After implant placement, the ridges assigned to the study group received MPM – prepared by centrifugation of patient’s blood- mixed with autogenous bone graft; while ridges in the control group received the gold standard of particulate autogenous bone graft. Implant stability was assessed in ISQ unit by Osstell, and Vertical bone height was assessed by CBCT at 4, 9 months. All demographic data and ISQ scores and CBCT measurements were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that, there was a statistically significant increase in implant stability, and vertical bone height after 4 months in both groups (P 0.05). The mean Osstell gain, bone height in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05).

Efficacy of low-dose local clindamycin in different times for microbial decontamination of autogenous particulate bone graft

BackgroundClindamycin in low concentration (20 μg/mL) is safe for vitality and osteogenic potential of bone cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local clindamycin (20 μg/mL) in two different exposure times, for microbial decontamination of particulate bone graft, collected during implant site preparation.This non-randomized parallel-group study was conducted on samples from 17 patients. The particulate bone collected during implant site preparation was divided into three portions by weight: in group S1, the particulate bone was immersed in thioglycolate broth without any antibiotic treatment; in group S2, the collected particulate bone was irrigated with 100 mL clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL); and in group S3, the collected particulate bone was soaked in one ml clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL) for 3 min. Samples in the three groups were cultured in aerobic and anaerobic media and species and CFU count of isolated bacteria were determined.ResultsAnalysis of the data demonstrated a significant difference among the three groups in the mean count of total microorganisms (P = 0.001). The difference in the mean count of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in the three groups was statistically significant as well (P = 0.001). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the only microorganism that was not affected with the mentioned antibiotic.ConclusionsLocal use of low-dose clindamycin (20 μg/mL)—irrigation or 3 min immersing—is effective for the decontamination of particulate bone grafts.

Citric acid, but not tetracycline, improves the microscopic pattern of healing of particulate autogenous bone grafts in critical‐size defects

Bone demineralization has shown to be advantageous in autogenous onlay bone grafts and in pre-osteoblasts cultures, but such procedure has never been evaluated in particulate bone grafts. This study aimed to investigate the role of two demineralizing agents in the repair of the 8-mm critical-size defects in rats' calvaria. Eighty adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups as follows: particulate autogenous bone demineralized with citric acid for 15 seconds (CA15), 30 seconds (CA30), or 60 seconds (CA60); particulate autogenous bone demineralized with tetracycline hydrochloride for 15 seconds (TCN15), 30 seconds (TCN30), or 60 seconds (TCN60); blood clot (NC), and non-demineralized autogenous bone (PC). The calvariae were harvested at 30 and 60 postoperative days (n=5) for blinded histological and histometric analysis of the percentage area of newly formed bone within the defects. In the NC and TCN groups, bone formation was limited to the margins of the defects at 30 postoperative days, whereas complete closure was present in all the specimens from CA15 group. Both at 30 and 60 postoperative days, histomorphometry showed significant higher area of newly formed bone in specimens demineralized with CA than in those demineralized with TCN or non-demineralized (P<0.05). TCN appeared to impair bone neoformation, as its use produced similar or inferior results compared to blood clot. Demineralization of particulate bone grafts with CA during 15s enhanced the regeneration of critical-size defects and may be a promising adjuvant in regenerative procedures. TCN seems to be improper for this purpose.

Assessment of 3-dimensional bone augmentation of severely atrophied maxillary alveolar ridges using patient-specific poly ether-ether ketone (PEEK) sheets.

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of virtually designed polyether-ether ketone (PEEK) sheets to delineate and maintains the three-dimensional patient's maxillary alveolar ridge. Fourteen patients (34 implants) with severely atrophied anterior maxillary alveolar ridges underwent rehabilitation using custom-made CAD/CAM PEEK sheets acting as a containment system for interpositional mix of particulate autogenous and xenogeneic bone graft, fixed by mono-cortical screws. Radiographic Assessment included measurements of linear changes in the vertical and horizontal dimensions on cross-sectional cuts of computed tomography (CBCT) using special software. Wound healing was uneventful for all the patients except one patient that showed wound break down 2 weeks postoperatively, which did not affect the outcome of the procedure. CBCT scans were interpreted to compare the quantity of both vertical and horizontal bone preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Statistical analyses demonstrated a significant difference between the results of both time intervals, with a mean vertical and horizontal bone gain was 3.47 mm(±1.46) and 3.42 (±1.1) with a P-value of (.0001). The customized sheets were removed 6 months postoperative with the successful placement of dental implants. The virtual planning of three-dimensional maxillary alveolar ridge augmentation utilizing patient-specific PEEK sheets deemed successful to restore the deficient ridge and to accommodate suitable size dental implants.

Alternativas para reabilitação com implantes dentários em mandíbula posterior atrófica

An adequate bone volume is mandatory for a favorable long-term prognosis in patients treated with dental implants. The vertical deficiency of posterior mandible is a common condition in partially edentulous patients, in which vertical bone augmentation procedures or inferior alveolar nerve transposition become necessary for the dental implant rehabilitation. Thus, the aim of this study was to discuss options of vertical bone augmentation techniques in atrophic posterior mandibles and to present, as case reports, alternatives for the rehabilitation of patients with this condition. So, three alternatives of treatment were presented: the use of Cytoplast titanium-reinforced membrane over autogenous and xenogenous particulate bone graft; sandwich osteotomy; and nerve transposition. In the three reported cases, the chosen surgical techniques showed to be appropriated and allowed the placement of longer implants. No significant complications were observed and all the patients were satisfied with the performed treatment. It is possible to conclude that the reconstruction of atrophic posterior mandible remains a challenge to the professionals, who must know the various existing techniques and choose the most suitable one to each patient.

Assessment of three dimensional bone augmentation of severely atrophied maxillary alveolar ridges using prebent titanium mesh vs customized poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) mesh: A randomized clinical trial.

Alveolar bone grafting techniques and dental rehabilitation of patients with maxillary alveolar defects is a very challenging and costly procedure. Various methods have been described to reconstruct these defects in order to facilitate the placement of dental implants. The aim of this study was to assess three dimensional (3D) maxillary ridge augmentation using two innovative, accurate, and time saving protocols. Sixteen patients (32 implants) with vertically and horizontally deficient maxillary alveolar ridges, were equally allocated into 2 groups; a mix of particulate autogenous and xenogenic bone grafts loaded in a prebent titanium mesh (Control group) vs patient specific poly-ether-ether ketone meshes (Study group). Radiographic assessment was performed preoperatively, 1 week and 6 months postoperatively. Assessment included measurements of linear changes in the vertical and horizontal dimensions on cross sectional cuts of cone beam computed tomography using special software. Finally; the percentage of 3D bone gain in each group was compared to that of the other. Wound healing was uneventful for all cases except one patient in each group were the meshes were exposed 2 weeks' postsurgery. There was no statistical significance between both groups (P value = 0.2). Within the limitations of the sample size of this study, both techniques could be used as a successful method of ridge augmentation with no statistical significance between them.

Distinct healing pattern of maxillary sinus augmentation using the vitroceramic Biosilicate®: Study in rabbits

ObjectivesTo follow healing process of augmented maxillary sinus in rabbits analyzing the histological pattern of bone tissue formation, along with the osteogenic activity and vascularization using a bioactive vitroceramic in comparison to deproteinized bovine bone associated or not with autogenous bone graft. DesignForty five male adult New Zealand rabbits, 5 months of age, mean weight of 4 Kg, underwent bilateral sinus augmentation surgeries to be divided in five groups: G – (Control) particulate autogenous bone graft (AG), BO - deproteinized bovine bone, BO+G - deproteinized bovine bone + AG, BSi –vitroceramic, and BSi + G – vitroceramic +AG. After 15, 45 and 90 days, all animals were euthanized for specimen's removal to be analyzed under light microscopy, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry for Runx2 and VEGF labeling. ResultsG, BO and BO+G groups healed uneventfully, allowing the formation of mature remodeling bone at day 90, regarding the association of AG with the biomaterial. On the other hand, BSi and BSi + G groups showed an important cellular reaction and granulation/fibrous tissue formation from the first to the last period of observation. Runx-2 and VEGF immunolabeling were coherent with this result. However, histomorphometry did not reveal significant differences considering new bone formation. ConclusionsReconstructed maxillary sinuses using Biosilicate® permitted satisfactory new bone formation in comparison to the deproteinized bovine bone and AG. However, the presence of granulation/fibrous tissue and inflammatory cells associated to the degrading biomaterial indicate that further studies should be careful performed considering the immunological aspect of this new biomaterial.

Bioactive glass-ceramic bone repair associated or not with autogenous bone: a study of organic bone matrix organization in a rabbit critical-sized calvarial model.

The aim of the study was to analyze bone matrix (BMX) organization after bone grafting and repair using a new bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate®) associated or not with particulate autogenous bone graft. Thirty rabbits underwent surgical bilateral parietal defects and divided into groups according to the materials used: (C) control-blood clot, (BG) particulate autogenous bone, (BS) bioactive glass-ceramic, and BG + BS. After 7, 14, and 30days post-surgery, a fragment of each specimen was fixed in - 80°C liquid nitrogen for zymographic evaluation, while the remaining was fixed in 10% formalin for histological birefringence analysis. The results of this study demonstrated that matrix organization in experimental groups was significantly improved compared to C considering collagenous organization. Zymographic analysis revealed pro-MMP-2, pro-MMP-9, and active (a)-MMP-2 in all groups, showing gradual decrease of total gelatinolytic activity during the periods. At day 7, BG presented more prominent gelatinolytic activity for pro-MMP-2 and 9 and a-MMP-2, when compared to the other groups. In addition, at day 7, a 53% activation ratio (active form/[active form + latent form]) was evident in C group, 33% in BS group, and 31% in BG group. In general, BS allowed the production of a BMX similar to BG, with organized collagen deposition and MMP-2 and MMP-9 disponibility, permitting satisfactory bone remodeling at the late period. The evaluation of new bone substitute, with favorable biological properties, opens the possibility for its use as a viable and efficient alternative to autologous bone graft.

Linear and Volumetric Radiographic Assessment of Particulate Iliac bone grafts following Secondary Grafting of Unilateral Alveolar Clefts

Background: Particulate autogenous bone grafts remain to be the gold standard for reconstruction of alveolar. The success of alveolar bone grafting is assessed clinically and radiographically. Among the radiographic measures of success is the bone bridging across the cleft, maintenance of the bucco-palatal / vertical linear dimensions of the graft and the stability of the total volume of regenerated bridge of bone. Computed tomography (CT) scans provide a better tool for three-dimensional evaluation of the residual bone following the reconstruction procedure.Aim of the study: This study aimed at assessing the linear (horizontal, vertical) and volumetric changes that occur in particulate iliac bone grafts 6 months after secondary grafting of unilateral alveolar clefts.Patients and Methods: Six patients with unilateral alveolar clefts who received particulate autogenous iliac crest grafts were included in this study. On a surgical planning software, their immediate and six-months postoperative CT scans were superimposed onto each other using the cranial base as a reference. On the axial cuts, the linear bucco-palatal dimensions of the reconstructed alveolar cleft were recorded, whereas on the coronal cuts the vertical height of the reconstructed alveolar cleft was measured for both scans. The software was also used to calculate the volume of the bone graft on the immediate postoperative CT and that of the remaining bone graft 6 months after. The data was statistically analyzed in the form of means ± standard deviation and paired T-test used to compare the measurements immediately and six-months postoperatively. The percentage change in the alveolar ridge dimensions over the six months follow up period was then calculated.Results: The horizontal dimension of the grafted alveolar cleft decreased by an average of 24.4% over the six months period. The difference between the means showed a highly statistically significant difference with a P value < 0.01. While for the vertical dimension, the mean decreased by 21.6% over the six months period and the difference between the means was statistically significant with a P value Conclusions: Radiographic assessment of alveolar cleft reconstruction using CT scans are useful tools, not just for making accurate measurements and better evaluation of the formed bone within the reconstructed alveolar cleft, but also it provides a useful tool for analyzing the outcomes of the secondary alveolar grafting procedure for future correlation and optimization of the whole grafting procedure and expected outcomes.

Immediate mandibular reconstruction via patient-specific titanium mesh tray using electron beam melting/CAD/rapid prototyping techniques: One-year follow-up.

Immediate mandibular reconstruction was performed using a patient-specific titanium mesh tray fabricated by electron beam melting (EBM) /rapid prototyping techniques. Patient-specific titanium trays were virtually designed and fabricated using EBM technology/rapid prototyping for patients requiring mandibular resection and immediate reconstruction using an iliac crest bone graft. Dental implants were placed in the grafted sites and the patients received prosthetic rehabilitation with a follow-up of one year. Clinical data, postoperative bone formation and complications were evaluated. A symmetric appearance of facial contours was achieved. The titanium tray incorporated the particulate iliac crest bone graft that provided significant bone formation (mean 18.97 ± 1.45mm) and predictable results. Stability of the dental implants was achieved. The patient-specific titanium meshes and immediate particulate autogenous bone graft showed satisfactory clinical and surgical results in improving patients' quality of life and decreasing the overall treatment time with adequate functional rehabilitation.

Mandibular bone regeneration after bone slat technique.

The reconstruction of alveolar ridges for implant placement is still a challenging surgical procedure, especially in the case of extensive vertical and horizontal bone atrophy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the quantity and quality of newly regenerated bone; clinically by means of direct clinical measuring, ridges augmented by autogenous cortical bone associated with autogenous particulate bone graft in the posterior lower jaw defect. For the preliminary study, a bone defects in partially edentulous in patient aged 52 years were selected to receive horizontal ridge augumentation prior autolougous bone block and particulate graft. The donor site was the ramus of the same side. Prior the clinical evaluation, periapical X-ray and the cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) was observed the quality, quantity and the stability the soft and hard tissue healing process, final result and the outcome. The bone augmentation achieved with this technique created the ideal bone volume of hard and soft tissue, in quantity and quality, for placement of implants. The surgical technique was found to be easy in terms of technique and surgical trauma.

Bone Formation in Maxillary Sinus Lift Using Autogenous Bone Graft at 2 and 6 Months.

The aim of this study is to compare the bone formation in maxillary sinus lift with an autogenous bone graft in histological evaluation at 2 or 6 months. A comparative study was designed where 10 patients with missing teeth bilaterally in the posterior zone of the maxilla were selected. Patients received a particulate autogenous bone graft under the same surgical conditions, selecting a site to collect a biopsy and histological study at two months and another at six months postoperatively. Histomorphometry was performed and were used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, student's t-test and Spearman's correlation coefficient, considering a value of p<0.05. Differences were observed in inflammatory infiltrate and vascularization characteristics; however, the group analyzed at two months presented 38.12% ± 6.64 % of mineralized tissue, whereas the group studied at 6 months presented an average of 38.45 ± 9.27 %. There were no statistical differences between the groups. It is concluded that the bone formation may be similar in intrasinus particulate autogenous bone grafts in evaluations at two or six months; under these conditions, early installation of implants is viable.