Particle Size Of Granules Research Articles

Effects of sulfamethoxazole on aerobic sludge granulation process.

Our purpose was to clarify the effect of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on the start-up period, particle formation, and treatment efficiency of an aerobic granular sludge system. We compared an R1granular sequencing batch reactor (GSBR) started with 5μgL-1 SMX and an R2 GSBR started without SMX, as a control, to investigate the impact of a trace amount of SMX (5μgL-1 ) on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) characteristics and the removal of conventional contaminants. AGS granulation in the R1system was not inhibited by SMX, but the granule particle size was smaller than that in the R2system. Both systems had good performance removing conventional pollutants. Extracellular polymeric substance secretion in the R1system was lower than that in the R2system. After stabilizing reactor operations, the SMX removal efficiency in the R1system (~73.93%) was higher than that in the R2system (~70.66%). The start-up modes also determined the differences in the microbial community structure of the AGS systems. SMX-activated AGS performed better than AGS without SMX. The study can help engineers determine start-up modes with varieties of antibiotics in AGS processes and provide references for the optimization of water treatment processes.

Essential oils as multifunctional additives in biodegradable linear low density polyethylene/starch blends

PurposeThis study aims to develop a biodegradable linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/starch blends with improved mechanical and flow characteristics and evaluate the probability of using essential oils such as Moringa oleifira and castor oils as green plasticizers and compatibilizers to avoid using harmful chemicals.Design/methodology/approachCorn starch was blended with LLDPE through the melt blending technique. The corn starch content was varied from 5 to 40 phr in LLDPE. To enhance poor mechanical characteristic of the LLDPE/starch, essential oils such as M. oleifira and castor oils were incorporated into the composites with different concentrations starting from 1 to 7 phr. The essential oils’ effect on mechanical, flow character, thermal stability and electrical properties of the LLDPE/starch was also investigated. The morphology of LLDPE/starch containing essential oils was also investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM).FindingsThe results revealed that increasing the corn starch content had an adverse effect on mechanical and flow characteristics of the composites, whereas incorporation of essential oils had increased the flow and mechanical characteristics of the composites. Also, dielectric measurements revealed that permittivity and dielectric loss increased by increasing oil content. Moreover, the values of the blends containing castor oil are higher compared to that containing M. oleifira. The SEM micrographs illustrated that the presence of essential oils in LLDPE/starch enhanced the distribution and the homogeneity of the composites, and the particle size of starch granules became smaller in LLDPE matrix.Originality/valueThis study aims to introduce green plasticizer and compatibilizer to avoid using harmful chemicals in packaging industry.

Aerobic granulation of single culture protist

Thraustochytrium striatum was selected as a model protist to test the possibility of protist granulation for its good potential of organic waste valorization. Initially, only a selective settling velocity of 9 m h−1 was applied in a sequential batch reactor (SBR) with minimal granulation progress after three months. After the famine condition was introduced into the SBR with a feast-to-famine duration ratio of 0.2 by extending the cycle time and lowering the initial substrate concentration while keeping the selective settling velocity unchanged, protist granules with spherical shape and smooth surface formed and were dominated in the reactor after another month. The average particle size of protist granules was 728 μm, 90 times greater than its planktonic counterpart. This study evidenced the culture-independent phenomenon of aerobic granulation. Also, the combination of a low feast-to-famine duration ratio with a selective settling velocity was found to be required for inducing successful protist granulation.

Particle size distribution in a granular bed filter

The effects of the filtering granule particle size and filtration superficial velocity on the dust particle size distribution in different layers of a granular bed system are discussed herein. A multilayer drawer granular bed filtration system was designed for these experiments based on filtering fly ash from a power plant. After a 1-h experiment, 47.8% of dust particles smaller than 2.5μm, 63.7% of dust particles smaller than 10μm, and 39.1% of dust particles larger than 10μm were captured by the granular bed (corresponding to initial volume fractions of 6%, 19.3%, and 80.7%, respectively). Large dust particles were more easily trapped by the granular bed than small dust particles. Increasing the size of the filter granules and increasing the superficial velocity of the inlet flue gas were both effective ways to enhance the dust-holding capacity of the granular media throughout the granular bed.

Preparation and evaluation of the physicochemical and stability properties of three herbal tea blends derived from four native herbs

Herbal teas consist of mono and sometimes poly-herbal recipes of herbs with acclaimed health benefits which are often brewed as infusion or decoction. Three variants of poly-herbal teas containing Herbiscus sabdariffa, Moringa oleifera, Citrus limon, and Zingiber officinale were prepared and evaluated for their physicochemical and stability properties. Intrinsic physicochemical properties that include organoleptic, ash value, pH of brew solutions, extractive matter as well as non-intrinsic properties such as moisture content, flow and particle size of granules and dust leak from teabags were determined. Also, the effects of stressful storage conditions on some physicochemical properties were evaluated. The different tea blends showed remarkable differences in their physicochemical properties. The products also showed discrepancies in stability parameters such as appearance, pH of the brew and antioxidant properties when stored under different conditions. In all, the herbal tea showed good physicochemical and stability properties that are characteristic of a good finished herbal product.

Solar drying of granulated waste blends for dry biofuel production

In the paper, results of drying biofuels from sewage sludge using solar energy are presented. Drying rates of biofuels made from sewage sludge and coal slime (PBS), sewage sludge and meat and bone meal (PBM), and sewage sludge and sawdust (PBT) with 15-mm and 35-mm granule particle size were studied. Tests were performed in a solar greenhouse dryer equipped with a specially designed mixing system. Experiments were aimed at determining the drying time of biofuels under various weather conditions in the southwestern part of Poland. In summer, in order to determine the best conditions for drying, tests were performed using various parameters, i.e., layers of various thickness, such as 5, 10, and 20 cm, and various mixing intensity (no mixing, mixing 3 and 5 times/day). In spring and the fall, 10-cm thick layers combined with 5 times mixing of fuels per day were used. The performed tests demonstrated that it is beneficial to dry fuels in 10-cm thick layer. In spring and the fall, PBS and PBM biofuels laid out in layers with just such thickness showed moisture content reduced to less than 10% after 8 days, while the PBT biofuel reached the same level after 14 days. In summer, the same result may be obtained for all the biofuels after 4 days on average. The presented original method of solar drying of biofuels obtained from sewage sludge and other waste may be used in wastewater treatment plants which process sewage sludge into fuels without incurring any additional costs for supplying heat.

Influence of three types of freezing methods on physicochemical properties and digestibility of starch in frozen unfermented dough

Three types of freezing methods, namely, spiral tunnel freezing method (SF), cryogenic refrigerator freezing method (RF) and liquid nitrogen spray freezing method (LF), were applied to frozen unfermented dough. The particle size distribution and SEM results showed freezing methods reduced the average particle size of starch granules and destroyed the surface microstructure, especially RF, and the damaged starch content and swelling power of starch after treatment increased. Gelatinization and pasting properties of starches changed to varying degrees, indicating freezing methods caused the internal rearrangement of starch molecules. This view could also be inferred from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) data. The relative crystallinity (35.51%–38.56%) and the R1047/1022 (0.562–0.590) were increased, compared with the control (32.44%, 0.559, respectively). Meanwhile, freezing treatment improved the digestibility of starch by promoting the combination of enzymes and starch, especially RF. Larger ice crystals formed by RF with slower freezing rate produced larger damage to starch structure, more likely to promote the binding with enzymes. LF with faster freezing rate had less effect on the starch composition than RF and SF with slower freezing rate. The data obtained clarified the influence of freezing methods on the structure and properties of starch in a yeast-free dough system, and enriched the knowledge regarding the effect of freezing technology on food components.

Granulation and calcination of alum sludge for the development of a phosphorus adsorbent: From lab scale to pilot scale

Alum sludge, an Al-oxyhydroxide rich waste product from water treatment practices, has the potential to be valorized as a P adsorbent material. However, several challenges currently prevent its application as an adsorbent in industrial setting, i.e. a limited P adsorption capacity due to saturation by organic matter and a fine nature resulting in percolation problems in adsorption bed setups. In this study, granulation and subsequent calcination of alum sludge were proposed to overcome these issues and to improve the P adsorption properties of alum-based adsorbent (ABA) materials. The effect of calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of granular material was examined using X-ray diffraction, mass-spectroscopy coupled thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and specific surface area analysis, combined with density and crushing strength measurements. The ABA material obtained at 550 °C showed superior P adsorption properties and, therefore, this material was selected for further P adsorption testing and characterization (scanning electron microscopy and sieving). Batch P adsorption tests showed that this material had a maximum P adsorption capacity of 7.27 mg-P g−1. Kinetic adsorption tests determined the effect of the solid-to-liquid ratio and the granule particle size on the P removal. Finally, the performance of the ABA-550 material was tested in a pilot-scale adsorption setup, using a surface water stream (0.47 mg-P L−1) at a flow rate of 200 L h−1. During the test, the P removal efficiency always exceeded 86%, while the material maintained its structural stability. The results of this study illustrate the potential of granulated/calcined ABA materials for P adsorption, paving the way for the industrial application of this novel, sustainable P removal technology.

Rice granules with improved solubility prepared via fluidised-bed granulation

Abstract The purpose of this study was to improve the processability of rice powder using fluidised-bed granulation technology. Bukkyungmi-rice granules were prepared by fluidised-bed granulation for 1 and 2 h using water, 5% lactose (w/v) and 5% dextrin (w/v) solutions as dispersants. The particle size of Bukkyungmi-rice granules increased from 574.83 to 728.07 μm. Granules were produced due to pore formation, and the produced particles could be dispersed easily without any entanglement. The water solubility of the produced rice granules is 1.91–6.74%, which reflects the improvement in their quality with increased treatment time. In particular, Bukkyungmi-rice granules processed in 5% dextrin showed excellent settleability. The enthalpy (ΔH) was found to be the highest for Bukkyungmi-rice granules processed in 5% dextrin for 2 h by differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that rice granules obtained by fluidised-bed granulation could be used in various types of rice-based foods.

Application of the discrete element method and CT scanning to investigate the compaction characteristics of the soil–rock mixture in the subgrade

The soil–rock mixture (SRM) usually contains a large amount of gravels exceeding 40 mm in size, so the traditional laboratory method cannot directly test its maximum dry density (MD), making it difficult to evaluate the compaction degree of the SRM subgrade during construction. In this paper, a numerical simulation method of the vibration compaction method for the SRM (NSM-VCM) was developed based on a discrete element method (DEM) and CT scanning. Based on the established NSM-VCM, the MD of SRMs with a maximum particle size greater than 40 mm (SRM-G) was investigated comprehensively. Based on the results of laboratory tests and the NSM-VCM, a predictive model and determination method of the MD of SRM-G were developed. Finally, field measurements were conducted to validate the laboratory investigations. The results showed that the maximum error between the MD of the SRM obtained from the NSM-VCM and the laboratory test was 0.1%, indicating that the established NSM-VCM has high predictive accuracy. The MD of SRM-G increases with an increasing maximum particle size and dosage of giant granules. Only when the soil–rock ratio is appropriate can SRM-G form a better skeleton dense structure, which is important for improving the MD and mechanical strength. The maximum error between the estimated MD and the measured MD from the field site is 1.3%, which indicates that the prediction model and method for SRM-G established in this paper have high precision. These results address the issue that the MD of SRM-G cannot be determined in a laboratory.

Emulsion, gelation, physicochemical properties and microstructure of phosphorylated and succinylated egg yolk

This study aimed to verify influence of sodium tripolyphosphate and succinic anhydride on functional characteristics of egg yolk (EY). Addition of the two salts led to modification of yolk protein, and modification degree improved with increasing reaction time. Two modification methods caused a two-to three-fold enhancement in emulsion stability of EY. The hardness of yolk gels was effectively increased by 29.73% or 56.61%. The improved emulsion stability and gelling properties of the modified EY resulted from changed structures of EY protein. Physicochemical properties, such as increased solubility as well as decreased surface hydrophobicity, particle size of yolk granules, and zeta potential, contributed to the enhanced functional properties. The result of scanning electron microscopy revealed that modification was beneficial in forming fine and compact EY gel network. The gel strength and water-holding capability of the yolk gels were thus considerably increased.

Rice starch accumulation at different endosperm regions and physical properties under nitrogen treatment at panicle initiation stage

The quality of rice grain is characterized by the component, structure and physicochemical properties of starch accumulated in endosperm cell. Nitrogen uptake strongly affects rice growth and starch development. In this study, Nangeng 9108 was used to investigated the accumulation of starch in different positions of the endosperm and physical properties of starch under nitrogen treatment of panicle initiation (PI) stage. Compared with the control group (CG), nitrogen treatment group (NTG) featured a higher number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight. Nitrogen treatment significantly increased starch accumulation among different regions during endosperm development, which was expressed as central endosperm cells > sub-aleurone cells of abdominal endosperm > sub-aleurone cells of dorsal endosperm. The amyloplast increased by constricting and budding-type division, generated a bead-like structure and derived some vesicles. The particle size of the starch granules obtained from the NTG was smaller and the apparent amylose content was lower than those of the CG, resulting in higher relative crystallinity. Nitrogen treatment promoted double helical components and provided a higher degree of order at short-rang scale for the starch granules. This study indicated that nitrogen significantly affected the accumulation and physicochemical properties of starch in the endosperm.

Preparation of iron powders using rotary cup atomizer with water curtain

A novel atomization process based on a rotary cup atomizer (RCA) was proposed to manufacture iron powders using semisteel as the raw material. To achieve rapid cooling of iron droplets and efficient separation of iron powders from cooling water, a circle of water curtain was set around the RCA in the experimental setup. The effects of rotating speed, cup diameter, slope angle, and cup depth on the particle size of iron granules were investigated to meet the size requirement of iron powders applied as reductive agent during the sulfate process. Results indicated that the optimal conditions for the atomization of semisteel were a rotating speed of 1800 rpm, a cup diameter of 150 mm. Under such conditions, the accumulative fraction of the obtained iron granules that measured less than 0.45 mm reached a maximum of 93.12 wt% when the slope angle and cup depth were 45° and 50 mm. Thus, this novel preparation process for iron powders with semisteel using RCA basically achieved the required particle size. The median diameter of the obtained iron granules decreased with an increase in rotating speed, cup diameter, slope angle, and cup depth. The disintegration mechanism of semisteel was determined, and the result indicated that the atomization process probably followed the ligament formation mode. A modified correlation that considered the influences of slope angle and cup depth was proposed to predict median granule size. An analysis on atomizer design was conducted based on these findings to provide a good insight for industrialization. As with RCA design for the treatment of molten semisteel rating up to 3.5 t/h, the minimum diameter of the rotary cup decreased from 1.36 m to 1.10 m as the rotary speed increased from 1200 rpm to 1800 rpm.

Modification of resistant starch nanoparticles using high-pressure homogenization treatment

High amylose (HA) maize starch, rich in amylose (more than 55%), belongs to the category of resistant starch type 2 (RS2), and therefore has a specific structure resistant to digestion. The purpose of this study was to modify HA maize starch, reducing its particle size. A mechanical treatment was used, applying high-pressure homogenization (HPH) at different pressure conditions 140, 200 and 250 MPa and treatment cycles, ranging from 1 to 4. The impact of HPH on starch structure, including size, morphology and crystallinity as well as on the amylose content was investigated. The granule particle size was measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), their morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the degree of crystallinity by X-ray diffraction (XRD). According to the results the smallest particle size, 540 nm, was achieved after 4 cycles of homogenization at 250 MPa. It was found that the pressure applied was more significant to reduce granules’ size than the time of treatment. Αt intense pressure the granules structure has changed as pores, deep slots and aggregates were observed. The amylopectin structure was destroyed resulting in an increase in amylose:amylopectin ratio. However, size reduction was not accompanied by any structure conversion and HA maize starch remained a B-type starch. According to the information found a further understanding of the effect of HPH on modifying HA starch was achieved. Physically modified RS could result to different food applications.

Ispitivanje uticaja kritičnih parametara procesa prilikom kompakcije rolera na fizičke karateristike granula i tableta primenom ekpserimentalnog dizajna

Different granulation methods are used in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly divided as wet or dry granulation. Although roller compaction is a widely used dry granulation process, the evaluation of critical process parameters has proven challenging because of the complex interactions among each parameter. Ribbons with different properties based on the variation of the input parameters are the result of roller compaction process. The properties of the final product are directly related to process parameters used during dry granulation. Understanding the interaction between the roller compaction parameters will allow accurate control of the process. The study aims to present the applicability of design of experiments (DoE) approach in the development of the roller compaction process. For this purpose, the two-level full factorial design was used to evaluate the influence of process parameters as roll pressure and speed, vertical feed screw speed and mill speed on the intermediate and final product physical properties. The results revealed that roll speed is the variable having the most impact on the density of the granules. The granules particle size is mostly dependent on variation in roll pressure, roll speed, and mill speed. Increasing the milling speed will create more uniform particles in the aspect of span distribution. After the process of compression of granules into tablets and assessing the data, roll speed was identified as the most influencing factor regarding tablet hardness.

Variance of Zein Protein and Starch Granule Morphology between Corn and Steam Flaked Products Determined Starch Ruminal Degradability Through Altering Starch Hydrolyzing Bacteria Attachment.

Simple SummaryPreviously, we found that starch ruminal degradation kinetics between raw and steam flaked corn were significantly different, but the mechanism is still ambiguous. Currently, we have demonstrated that γ-zein protein, encapsulating the starch granules into the hydrophobic starch–protein matrix, and starch granule characteristics were dramatically different between raw and steam flaked corns. Along with the totally different abundance and procedures of starch hydrolyzing bacteria attached to the two grain types, we concluded that γ-zein protein content and starch granule morphology of corn grain determined starch ruminal degradation kinetics through altering the abundance and procedure of starch hydrolyzing bacteria attached to corn grain in rumen. The current study investigated differences of γ-zein protein contents and starch granule characteristics between raw and steam flaked corns and their influences on ruminal starch hydrolyzing bacteria (SHB) attached to corn grain. Two types of raw (Corn1 and Corn2) and their steam-flaked products (SFCorn1 and SFCorn2) were applied to explore physiochemical structures and SHB attachment. SDS-PAGE was conducted to detect γ-zein protein patterns, scanning electron microscope, and small angle X-ray scattering were performed to obtain starch granule morphology, while crystallinity, DQ starch, and DAPI staining were applied to quantify SHB. The steam flaking process destroyed γ-zein proteins and gelatinized starch granules. The median particle size of Corn1 and Corn2 starch granules increased from 17.8 and 18.0 μm to 30.8 and 26.0 μm, but crystallinity decreased from 22.0 and 25.0% to 9.9 and 16.9%, respectively. The percentage of SHB attached to Corn1 residues decreased (p = 0.01) after 4 h incubation, but SHB attached to SFCorn1 residues increased (p = 0.03) after 12 h incubation. Thus, the differences of γ-zein proteins and starch granule physiochemical structures between raw and steam flaked corn played an important role in improving the rate and extent of starch ruminal degradation through altering the process of SHB attached to corn.

Isolation and physicochemical characterization of starches from three varieties of Ethiopian sweet potato [<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) Lam.

Starch is a polysaccharide that finds versatile applications in pharmaceutical, food and other industries. Despite the presence of different varieties of sweet potatoes in Ethiopia, the physicochemical properties of their starches have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was therefore to isolate and characterize starches from three varieties of Ethiopian sweet potatoes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] - Awassa83, Kulfo and Tulla. The starches were isolated using 0.075% (w/v) sodium metabisulphite solution. The proximate composition of the sweet potato starches, namely, amylose, protein, lipid, and fiber content were in the range of 11.13 - 18.15, 0.05 - 0.22%, 0.16 - 0.41% and 0.37 - 0.43%, respectively. The moisture content of the starches varied from 12.41 to 13.72%. Scanning electron microscopy of the starch granules showed polygonal, round and cupoliform/bell shaped granules. The average particle size of Awassa83 starch granules was 20.9 µm while Kulfo and Tulla exhibited similar average particle size of 12.1 µm. The swelling power and solubility of the starches ranged from 14.5 g/g to 21.7 g/g and 3.05% to 9.8%, respectively. X-ray diffraction pattern of the starches exhibited C-type with maximum characteristic peaks at 15o, 17o, and 23o2θ. DSC studies provided gelatinization temperatures, i.e., onset temperature (To:61.82 - 65.27 oC), peak temperature (Tp:65.60 - 69.09 oC), and end set temperature (Te: 72.13 - 73.69 oC); The enthalpy of gelatinization ranged from 5.45 mJ/mg to 6.85 mJ/mg). Variations in pasting characteristics were observed among the starches comprising peak viscosity (787 mPa.s to 873 mPa.s), hot paste viscosity (652 mPa.s to 723 mPa.s), breakdown viscosity (135 mPa.s to 158 mPa.s), cold paste viscosity (898 mPa.s to 997 mPa.s), and setback viscosity (111 mPa.s to 127 mPa.s). The peak time ranged from 4 min to 4.53 min and pasting temp. from 71.85 oC to 74.3 oC. Awassa83 starch exhibited relatively high peak and breakdown viscosities and low setback viscosity, and it may be suitable as a thickening and gelling agent.Keywords: Ipomoea batatas, Sweet potato starch, Awassa83, Kulfo, Tulla

Real-time monitoring of particle size distribution in a continuous granulation and drying process by near infrared spectroscopy

In continuous granulation, it can be important to control granules particle size distribution (PSD), as it may affect final product quality. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is already a routine analytical procedure within pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing for the in-line analysis of chemical material-characteristics. Consequently, the extraction of additional information related to granules’ physical properties like particle size distribution is tempting, as it would enhance process knowledge without the need for new capital investments.Three in-line NIRS methods were developed via partial least squares regression, to predict dried granules PSD-fractions X10, X50, and X90 within a GMP-qualified continuous twin-screw wet granulation and fluid-bed drying process. Methods were developed for the size range of 20–234 µm (X10), 98–1017 µm (X50), and 748–2297 µm (X90) and assessed with one internal and three external validation datasets in agreement with current guidelines on NIRS. Internal validation indicated root mean square error of predictions (RMSEPs) of 17 µm, 97 µm, and 174 µm, for PSD X10, X50, and X90 respectively, with acceptable linearity, slope, and bias. Furthermore, the ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD), the ratio of prediction error to laboratory error (PRL), and the range error ratio (RER) were evaluated, with all values within the acceptance range for adequate to good NIR methods (1.75 > RPD < 3, PRL ≤ 2, RER ≥ 10). Methods applicability to in-line processes and their robustness towards water content and active pharmaceutical ingredient content was further demonstrated with three independent in-line datasets in real-time, showing good agreement between predicted and reference values. In summary, methods demonstrated to be sufficient for their intended purpose to monitor trends and sudden changes in dried granules PSD during continuous granulation and drying. Because of their fast response time, they are unique tools to characterize the dynamic behavior and navigate the agglomeration state of the material in static and transient process conditions during continuous granulation and drying.

Classification algorithms for quality control of industrially manufactured mineral fertilizers

A comparison of different classification algorithms for dynamic description of the quality of industrially produced mineral fertilizers is presented. Five brands of fertilizers (NPK 16-16-8, NP(S) 12-40 (10), NPK(S) 4-30-15 (16), NPK(S) 0-20-20 (5), MAP (NP) 12-52) were analyzed using optical and X-ray fluorescence methods of control. A method of identifying the characteristic features of industrially produced mineral fertilizers using constructed “objects-characteristics” data array is described. Estimates of the quality of determination of physicochemical parameters of fertilizers (the content of N, P, К and total content of S, types of the particle size of the press-fitted granules and the pre-drying conditions) are given. The procedure of choosing optimal parameters for each considered classification algorithm is shown. The algorithms were estimated using the F-measure (harmonic mean of “precision” and “recall” of classifier). The training of the classification algorithms and assessment of the quality of their “work” were carried out according to the cross-validation strategy on 10 data sets (folds) with a delayed test (30% of the total data volume). The total value of the quality metric was calculated as the average for all classes. The use of the principal component analysis for informative representation of the studied objects on the plane is described. Finally, a combined method of analysis for automated and informative study of industrial products was proposed.

Rheological, structural and functional properties of high-pressure treated quinoa starch in dispersions

The impact of high-pressure treatment on the gelatinization of quinoa starch (QS) dispersions was investigated as a function of pressure (300, 450 and 600 MPa for 15 min) and starch to water (S/W) ratio (1:3 and 1:4 w/w). The structural changes of QS were characterized by rheological, DSC, SEM, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy. The water holding capacity and granules particle size increased significantly with the intensity of pressure. The G′ of the QS gradually improved as a function of pressure and S/W ratio. A complete gelatinization of QS occurred at 600 MPa by breaking down of amylopectin crystallites and transformation to the amorphous state, which was confirmed by rheometry, XRD, and DSC. Additional heat-treatment to pressure-treated samples greatly improved the gel rigidity except for the sample treated at 600 MPa. It can be inferred that the functional properties of QS could be significantly modified/improved with the application a pressure-treatment of 600 MPa.