Particle Damping Research Articles

Experiment and optimization of a damping structure system with distributed multiple unidirectional single-particle dampers

Although particle dampers are characterized by a wide damping frequency band, flexible arrangement, and applicability to harsh environments, they have three shortcomings: their performance is difficult to simulate, insufficient research has been conducted on the damping effect they exert on multi-story structures, and there are no methods for evaluating their performance. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop a Multiple Unidirectional Single-Particle Damper (MUSPD). Firstly, the simulation element of the MUSPD was established by analyzing its damping mechanism, following which the values of the parameters in the element were determined. Secondly, a series of shaking table tests were performed to investigate the damping effect of the MUSPD and demonstrate the accuracy of the simulation. Thirdly, the optimal layout of the MUSPD was proposed based on an analysis of the relationship between particle mass, particle movement distance, and damping effect. Fourthly, a dynamic method for evaluating the damping effect of the MUSPD was proposed. Finally, the rationality and feasibility of the optimal layout scheme and the method for evaluating the MUSPD in multi-story structures were verified by a case analysis. The test results demonstrated that the damping rate of MUSPD for displacement peaks in multi-story structures reached 21.40 %, with a root mean square damping rate of 36.50 %. Additionally, for acceleration peaks, MUSPD achieved a damping rate of 25.12 %, with a root mean square damping rate of 38.10 %. MUSPD exhibited a significant damping effect on multi-story structures. The comparison between test results and simulation results showed that the simulation element of the MUSPD exhibited good accuracy; Simulation analysis results revealed that the optimal layout scheme and dynamic evaluation method were reasonable and effective.

Innovative design and experimental validation of dynamic balance in rotary compressors based on particle damping energy dissipation technology

Dynamic imbalance is one of the primary issues in rotary compressor applications, which can generate significant vibration. A dynamic balance design is required to minimize the moment and additional inertia force, which can be eliminated by adding a counterweight. This paper utilized a solid plate that has cavities filled with particle damper as a novel design to satisfy the dynamic balance. Vibrational energy is dissipated in collisions between particles through momentum exchange and is converted into energy for consumption that consists of inelastic collision energy and frictional energy. The discrete element method (DEM) and multi-body dynamics (MBD) were applied for two-way coupling for a dynamic balance simulation. The impact of particle size, friction coefficient, and restitution coefficient on energy dissipation in rotary compressors was evaluated, and the particle radius of 1 mm produced the most satisfactory. The experiment measured the vibrational acceleration in the tangential and radial directions at a particular duration and frequency to reflect the particle damper’s dynamic balance and energy dissipation effect. Both simulation and experimental results confirmed that the novel design features are more acceptable than the original to satisfy the dynamic balance of a rotary compressor.

Research on vibration damping model of flat-head tower crane system based on particle damping vibration absorber

Research on vibration damping model of flat-head tower crane system based on particle damping vibration absorber

Post-earthquake Dynamics of Bridge Structures using New Particle Dampers – A Case Study of the Nujiang River Bridge

In this study, a new mechanical model, named particle damping mechanics model (PU_SPD), is proposed to study the damping problem of bridge structures. The model takes the Nujiang River Bridge as a case study, and explores the mechanism of force action by analyzing the time domain vibration characteristics and frequency domain of the excitation force, vibrating body (bridge structural properties) and particle damping. the PU_SPD model and its calculation method can intuitively and scientifically describe the damping dissipation characteristics of a vibrating beam under the action of particle damping, avoiding the tedious process of parameter iterative solution and improving the computational efficiency. In addition, the damping influence law of particle damping on the beam structure is derived through the analysis of transfer function and damping level. The study also proposes an optimal design method for PU_SPD damping parameters under dynamic loading of the bridge, and its performance parameters are analyzed and verified, and compared and validated with the time-domain analysis method. The results show that the PU_SPD mechanical model based on time-frequency domain analysis can intuitively reflect the damping dissipation mechanics with high accuracy, clear solution process and reasonable and accurate parameter optimization analysis method. PU_SPD has a wide frequency range, good effect and stability, and has a good prospect of application in engineering vibration and noise reduction.

Mechanical Model and Damping Effect of a Particle-Inertial Damper

Particle dampers (PD) are safe, economical, and effective energy-dissipation devices for structures. However, the additional mass of PD must be sufficiently large to provide a better damping effect, and the initial movement condition of particles has a significant impact on the damping effect of PD. In this study, a particle-inertial damper (PID) is proposed to overcome these problems, and its mechanical model is established with and without considering particle collision. Subsequently, the influence of particle rolling friction and particle collision on the inertial amplification capacity as well as the dynamic response of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure with non-collision and collision PID (SDOF-PID) are systematically analysed. Finally, the control effects of a PID and a tuned mass damper (TMD) are compared based on two typical optimisation methods. The results indicate that particle rolling friction has little influence on the inertia amplification effect of a PID and the displacement response of a SDOF-PID. Under harmonic excitation, particle collision significantly affects the damping mechanism of a PID by its equivalent inertia coefficient, equivalent damping coefficient, and equivalent stiffness coefficient. The fixed-point theory and ‘performance-cost’ theory can be used to optimise the PID to a certain extent. The damping effect of a PID on the SDOF under the most severe seismic excitation is better than that of the PID under white noise excitation. With respect to the decreasing ratio of 40~50%, the additional mass of the PID is only one thousandth that of the TMD under the same damping capacity demand.

Study on the Effect of Anti-galloping Device with Cubic Stiffness and Particle Damping

The galloping of iced conductors is a common disaster of overhead conductors. Most traditional anti-galloping devices lack a nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber; hence, they have a limited anti-galloping effect. In this study, we designed, optimized, and tested an electric power fitting and an anti-galloping device with cubic stiffness and particle damping for ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines. We built a nonlinear dynamic model of the coupling galloping system comprising split conductors and anti-galloping devices. The harmonic balance method obtained the steady-state analytical solutions and corresponding averaged equations. The test spans in the laboratory were used to design the test program and equipment. We verified the accuracy of the nonlinear dynamic model and the harvesting effect of the anti-galloping device with cubic stiffness and particle damping. The theoretical and experimental results were highly consistent, and in the range of (0, 2] Hz, the anti-galloping device reduced the galloping amplitude. Therefore, cubic stiffness and particle damping can effectively improve the anti-galloping ability of UHV transmission lines, prolonging their service period.

Research on vibration suppression of satellite bearing cylinder based on particle damping

During the launch and separation phases, the satellite will be subjected to massive random loads and impact loads, which will quickly cause broad frequency vibrations in the thin-walled skin structure of the satellite bearing cylinder, leading to resonance in severe cases and causing fatigue and damage to the equipment and structure. A vibration suppression method of satellite-bearing cylinder based on PD (particle damping) technology is proposed to overcome the problem of abnormal vibration of satellite-bearing cylinder structure at resonance frequency excitation. Firstly, the DEM-FEM coupling model of the force-bearing cylinder and particle damper is established using the DEM-FEM coupling (discrete element method and finite element method coupling) theory. Secondly, the acceleration value response of the bearing cylinder's upper-end surface is used to evaluate the vibration-dampening effect. The particle dampers' particle diameter, particle material, particle filling ratio, and installation site parameters are then optimized for design. Finally, the ground vibration damping test of the satellite bearing cylinder was designed. According to the experimental results, after installing the best damping scheme, the vibration attenuation of the satellite bearing cylinder may achieve 32%. The peak acceleration at the first and second-order intrinsic frequencies is lowered by 78.46% and 94.3%, respectively. This result also verifies the correctness of the theoretical model and simulation model.

The Vibration Isolation Design of a Re-Entrant Negative Poisson’s Ratio Metamaterial

An improved re-entrant negative Poisson’s ratio metamaterial based on a combination of 3D printing and machining is proposed. The improved metamaterial exhibits a superior load-carrying and vibration isolation capacity compared to its traditional counterpart. The bandgap of the proposed metamaterial can be easily tailored through various assemblies. Additionally, particle damping is introduced to enhance the diversity of bandgap design, improve structural damping performance, and achieve better vibration isolation at low and medium frequencies. An experiment and simulation were conducted to assess the static and vibration performances of the metamaterial, and consistent results were obtained. The results indicate a 300% increase in the bearing capacity of the novel structure compared to traditional structural metamaterials. Furthermore, by increasing the density of metal assemblies, a vibration-suppressing bandgap with a lower frequency and wider bandwidth can be achieved. The introduction of particle damping significantly enhanced the vibration suppression capability of the metamaterial in the middle- and low-frequency range, effectively suppressing resonance peaks. This paper establishes a vibration design method for re-entrant metamaterials, which is experimentally validated and provides a foundation for the vibration suppression design of metamaterials.

Lateral vibration suppression of highway bridge by using frequency modulated particle damper in earthquake environment

In order to study the seismic control effect and mechanism of particle damper in the transverse structure of highway’s bridge, a 1:20 scale model of a typical highway bridge is designed and manufactured, and a frequency modulated particle damper is designed and manufactured, which can be used in the test model. The seismic simulation vibration array test is carried out on the model bridge before and after the particle damper is set. By changing the filling rate, particle material, particle size and installation position of the particle damper, the power spectral density at the middle or top of the beam steel column is measured, and the total energy response of the steel column structure is calculated. The influence and law of the particle damper on the vibration amplitude of the steel column are explored. The test results show that: the proposed frequency modulated particle damper does not appear particle accumulation phenomenon in the test; it has better damping effect on the transverse seismic response of the main beam of the scale model bridge, and can reduce the peak displacement response of the main beam. The energy response value is 1.016 kg (m/s2)2/Hz.

Evaluation of Multi-Compartment Particle Dampers for the Attenuation of Dynamic Vibrations

An experimental study was performed examining the effectiveness of a multi-compartment damper in attenuating the response of structures under random and earthquake excitations. The damper consisted of four compartments of unequal size; it was mounted on a small one-story steel structure. The same number of steel spherical particles were placed inside each compartment, resulting in filling area ratios (the total area of the squares around the projected particles divided by the area of the compartment) from 40% to 70%. The damper was effective in reducing the response displacement and acceleration of the structure considerably. The use of different filling area ratios enabled the damper to be effective for a wide range of excitation levels.

A study on the energy dissipation mechanism of dynamic mechanical systems with particle dampers by using the novel energy method

A study on the energy dissipation mechanism of dynamic mechanical systems with particle dampers by using the novel energy method

Preliminary Study on the Damping Effect of a Rotational Inertia Particle Damper Considering the Explosion Response of Continuous Concrete Bridges

Preliminary Study on the Damping Effect of a Rotational Inertia Particle Damper Considering the Explosion Response of Continuous Concrete Bridges

Experimental and numerical investigation of aluminum particle combustion driven instability in solid rocket motors

Aluminum particles are extensively employed to enhance the energetic properties of propellants. However, the heat release rate (HRR) fluctuations resulting from aluminum combustion can potentially affect the stability of solid rocket motors (SRMs). Using a self-made high-pressure combustion diagnostics system and laser ignition system, this work investigates the combustion behavior of single aluminum particle under propellant atmosphere and acoustic excitation. An unsteady aluminum combustion model using Ranz-Marshall correlation and involving the heat and mass transfer equation was developed. The D2 law of aluminum particle combustion in a real propellant under 0.5 MPa was fitted as t = D2/0.31. The measured combustion rate of laser-ignited aluminum particles was found to increase from 0.381mm2/s to 0.465 mm2/s when an acoustic excitation of sine wave(200 Hz, 20Pa) was applied to the propellant, which agreed well with the prediction of the proposed unsteady combustion model whose error was 4.7%. Then, the verified correlation was included in the SRM to calculate the HRR fluctuation of the aluminum on acoustic boundary near the propellant burning surface. The effects of particle diameter, gas velocity, oscillation amplitude and frequency on the HRR fluctuation were obtained. It was found that the HRR fluctuation increases with the increasing particle diameter, gas velocity, and oscillation amplitude, and that due to the acoustic boundary effect, the HRR fluctuation is more sensitive under low-frequency oscillation. Based on the HRR fluctuation of aluminum combustion and particle damping, the growth rate of instability resulting from aluminum combustion in an SRM was investigated. The results showed that the growth rate of instability resulting from aluminum combustion were 9.38s-1 and 24.06s-1, while the particle damping (−25.8s-1) caused by combustion residuals, which suggests the aluminum particles play a critical role in SRMs combustion instability.

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis on Vibration Absorber with Particle Damping

To better suppress low-frequency vibrations of flexible manipulators induced by the rotation of motors and eccentricity, a novel type of tuned particle damper (TPD) is designed by combining the advantages of classical dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) and particle dampers (PD). Compared to traditional DVAs, this TPD can reduce additional mass and effectively broaden the frequency band of the DVA. Firstly, an equivalent theoretical model is established to describe the frequency tuning principle of the designed TPD. Based on the theory of a single particle damper, the equivalent damping and stiffness of the particles are calculated through an approximate approach. Then, a three-degree-of-freedom vibration model of the manipulator system with the TPD is built, and the dynamical characteristic of the primary resonance for the coupled system are analyzed by the perturbation method. Finally, the experimental platform is set up to verify the theoretical results. A manipulator is applied to test the low-frequency vibration absorption of the designed TPD, and the vibration suppression effect is discussed both in theoretical analysis and experiments.

Experimental Studies on Particle Dampers with Energy Harvesting Characteristics

Experimental Studies on Particle Dampers with Energy Harvesting Characteristics

Studies on dissipative characteristics and equivalent model of particle damper in railway application

Particle damping technology brings the advantages of good durability, high reliability, insensitivity to temperature change and easy to be used in harsh environment. Hence, it has considerable potential for suppressing structural vibrations. In this study, a series of experiments under vertical harmonic excitations with different frequencies and acceleration amplitude were systematically conducted. The mechanical behavior and dissipative characteristics of the damper in railway application were analyzed by observing the particle motion state and calculating two energy dissipation evaluation indexes. The results show that the damping effect is strongly related to frequency and acceleration amplitude of the harmonic excitation. Subsequently, a discrete element model of the particle damper was established to simulate the test conditions, and the consistency between the simulation and test results verified the rationality of the simulation. The energy dissipation mechanism and characteristics of the particle damper were further explored based on the time-history responses of the contact force and energy dissipation. In order to simplify the analysis of nonlinear multi-particle damper, a simplified theoretical model consisting of mass, stiffness and damping elements was proposed based on the analysis of dynamic motion and dissipation mechanism. Based on the principle of energy equivalence and mechanical behavior equivalence between the theoretical model and simulation results, the equivalent equations were derived and the key parameters of the equivalent model were determined. These equivalent parameters are amplitude-frequency dependent. This model can be used to predict the damping properties of the damper at any input frequency or excitation amplitude, and to estimate the vibration attenuation performance of the damper for specific railway applications.

An open-access database for the assessment of particle damper simulation tools

A particle damper (PD) is an enclosure partially filled with small particles that can help to dampen the vibration of a structure. Despite its simplicity, the reliable prediction of the behavior of such a device in arbitrary operative conditions appears to be very difficult due to the complex non-linear interactions between the particles and the system. An experimental methodology is defined with the aim of minimizing the bias due to the PD non-linear response. The effect of the mutual orientation of motion, gravity, and enclosure and of different disturbance inputs on the performance of a PD is investigated in order to make available a set of reference experimental results for correlation purposes with prediction tools. An open-access database, gathering all the test results, is made available.Graphical abstract

Nonlinear analysis of the semi-active particle damping vibration isolation system based on fractional-order theory

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide some references about applying the semi-active particle damper to enhance the stability of the pipe structure.Design/methodology/approachThis paper establishes the dynamical models of semi-active particle damper based on traditional dynamical theory and fractional-order theory, respectively. The semi-active particle damping vibration isolation system applied in a pipe structure is proposed, and its analytical solution compared with G-L numerical solution is solved by the averaging method. The quantitative relationships of fractional-order parameters (a and kp) are confirmed and their influences on the amplitude-frequency response of the vibration isolation system are analyzed. A fixed point can be obtained from the amplitude-frequency response curve, and the optimal parameter used for improving the vibration reduction effect of semi-active particle damper can be calculated based on this point. The nonlinear phenomenon caused by nonlinear oscillators is also investigated.FindingsThe results show that the nonlinear stiffness parameter p will cause the jump phenomenon while p is close to 87; with the variation of nonlinear damping parameter μ, the pitchfork bifurcation phenomenon will occur with an unstable branch after the transient response; with the change of fractional-order coefficient kp, a segmented bifurcation phenomenon will happen, where an interval that kp between 18.5 and 21.5 has no bifurcation phenomenon.Originality/valueThis study establishes a mathematical model of the typical semi-active particle damping vibration isolation system according to fractional-order theory and researches its nonlinear characteristics.

Effect of Cavity Size on Performance of Particle Damper

Abstract: Particle damping is a damping technique that has found wide applications in engineering systems. It is a form of damping where the energy dissipation is achieved through the motion of small particles within a cavity. This technique has several unique features that make it an attractive option for many engineering applications. Cantilever beam with FFT analyzer is used to find the response parameters. The readings are taken with varying cavity dimensions, size of ball, packing ratio and ball material. The readings in the form of acceleration are noted by varying one experimental parameter. From the experimentation it is found that 24 mm diameter and height 37 mm cavity with 50% Packing ratio is effective for the applied experimental set-up.

Effect of Ball Size on Performance of Particle Damper

Abstract: The study of particle damping involves the understanding of the various forces and mechanisms that cause energy to be lost from vibrating systems, leading to the reduction of their amplitudes over time. The cantilever beam is used for experimentation. FFT analyzer is used to find the response parameters. The readings are taken with varying cavity dimensions, size of ball, packing ratio and ball material. The response parameters in the form of acceleration are noted by varying one experimental parameter. From the experimentation it is found that 5 mm ball with sand material is effective for the applied experimental set-up.