Participatory Rapid Appraisal Research Articles

Evaluation of the integration of palliative care in a fragile setting amongst host and refugee communities: Using consecutive rapid participatory appraisals

Background: Palliative care is seldom integrated in healthcare in fragile, conflict affected and vulnerable settings with significant refugee populations. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the integration of palliative care into a fragile, conflict affected and vulnerable community in Northern Uganda. Design: Consecutive Rapid Participatory Appraisals were conducted to evaluate the integration of palliative care in Adjumani District. The first established a baseline and the second, 4 years later, evaluated progress. Data collection included documentary review, key informant interviews and direct observation. Setting/participants: A rural district in Uganda with equal numbers of refugees and host populations living side-by-side. 104 key informants were interviewed, and practice observed in 11 health facilities. Results: At baseline, palliative care was not routinely integrated in the health system. Barriers included health system challenges, cultural beliefs, understanding and trust, mental health issues, gaps in palliative care provision, the role of the community and beliefs about illness impacted care with the village health teams being a trusted part of the health system. Following integration activities including training, mentorship and community sensitisation, the repeat rapid appraisal after 4 years showed a significant increase in palliative care delivery. New themes identified included increased provision of palliative care, the impact of training and community engagement and ownership of palliative care. Conclusion: Community engagement and participation, training interventions and referral pathways enabled the integration of palliative care. Rapid Participatory Appraisal provides a useful framework to evaluate activities aimed at integration of palliative care in a community.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Limbah Ternak Sapi

The training on the production of liquid organic fertilizer from cattle waste in Merembu Village, Labuapi Subdistrict, West Lombok Regency aimed to enhance the participants' knowledge and skills in managing livestock waste into economically valuable and environmentally friendly products. This training utilized Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) and Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) methods, engaging participants actively at every stage of the learning process. Results from pre- and post-training questionnaires showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge and understanding, with an average score improvement of 55%. Observations and document studies indicated that participants successfully applied correct fermentation techniques and improved waste management methods. Additionally, some participants achieved halal certification, positively impacting their product operations and marketing. Case studies and literature demonstrate that processing cattle waste into liquid organic fertilizer can enhance soil fertility and crop yields, while reducing environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The training not only provided economic benefits by opening new business opportunities but also raised environmental awareness among participants, fostering a more caring and proactive community in maintaining environmental cleanliness and health.

Digitally supported health care; evaluation approaches to a complex intervention embedded in a tria

Abstract Many important health care interventions do not fit the classic RCT paradigm. Drug trials have struggled with issues of non-compliance and selective withdrawal. Surgical researchers have done extensive work on incorporating operator skills and experience into trial settings. Working on innovative models of care delivery related issues arise. As part of an EU funded multi-centre stepped-wedge trial, GERONTE, of nurse-led, digitally supported, health care coordination for older people with cancer and other significant co-morbidity, we have developed and tested an outline of a novel method of evaluation, drawing on realist evaluation. There are three pieces, first the central trial outcome, quality of life, for those in the trial, analysed by intention-to-treat. Second an economic evaluation, based on care pathways, and collecting costs during the control and intervention phases in 16 centres, in 3 countries. Third, a realist evaluation of implementation, with 3 phases in each site, the first of which is underway. 1) Readiness to implement GERONTE, and documenting current practice, and identifying barriers and facilitators for change with clinical staff, technical staff and administrators; 2) Experience of implementation as the intervention is brought in over the course of the study; 3) Experience in keeping GERONTE running after the initial implementation phase. Early results show great site to site variability, in practice and in resources, but common barriers are data handling and sharing. In each phase, guided by ideas from participatory rapid appraisal, we stress the rapid feedback to participants, of their response, and the synthesis of responses to support successful implementation. One aim is to prepare an implementation guide to support future deployments of GERONTE and similar projects, drawing on lessons from all 16 sites, and filling a gap in the literature. GERONTE is funded by the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945218. Key messages • Innovative health care delivery, such as integrated care, requires complex assessment approaches, designed for the specific innovation. • Site-to-site variability in the implementation of novel care pathways and approaches is the norm, and needs to be considered at design stage.

Optimization of Livestock Waste as an Alternative Energy Source and Community Organic Fertilizer in Puuwatu District, Kendari City

Kendari City has a large potential for livestock waste because it has a cattle population of 2,203 heads, placing Puuwatu District as having the largest cattle population, namely 585 heads. This study aims to optimize livestock waste as an alternative energy source and organic fertilizer for the community in Puuwatu District, Kendari City using the Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) approach and the Technology Transfer Approach. The results of the optimization of livestock waste indicate that Puuwatu District has a large enough potential for livestock waste so that further waste treatment is needed

Exploring challenges and factors in students' literacy: basis for intervention program development

This study employed a descriptive-exploratory research design using the Participatory Rapid Rural Appraisal (PRRA) approach, a participatory research method designed to elicit insights from the local community. PRRA facilitated the identification of literacy challenges within selected schools, fostering a collaborative effort with representatives from various sectors in Barangay Tabugon, Sta. Elena Camarines Norte, Philippines. By engaging these stakeholders, the study aimed to comprehensively address critical issues, including limited resources, overcrowded classrooms, and insufficient parental involvement, all of which significantly impact effective learning. The findings suggest evidence-based intervention strategies to improve literacy outcomes and contribute to the community's holistic development. The study recommends the implementation of a literacy enhancement and assistance program for the community.

PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN PESISIR DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN RUANG TERBUKA SEBAGAI TAMAN REKREASI DAN SISTEM PENGELOLAAN JARINGAN PERSAMPAHAN YANG LAYAK PADA RT 8 KELURAHAN MANGGAR BARU

Manggar Baru is one of the sub-districts in East Balikpapan District, Balikpapan City. According to the 2012-2032 RTRW of Balikpapan City, Manggar Baru is planned to become a minapolitan and tourism area based on the geographical conditions which are located along the coast. Optimizing the potential of coastal areas is carried out by developing existing land or open spaces into proper beach tourism and can be enjoyed by residents and visitors. Based on the results of a survey that has been conducted, Kampung Nelayan RT 8 Kelurahan Manggar Baru has unfavorable solid waste conditions. Overcoming this problem regarding waste regulations, several things can be done, namely managing existing waste conditions through the provision of infrastructure such as garbage dumps in front of every house in RT 8 to make it easier to collect and sort waste. Then, conduct outreach to the surrounding community regarding education on waste management based on its type and utilization. One of the uses of waste that can be developed is to use plastic bottles or other plastic waste to make eco bricks. In addition, the results of the ecobrick that has been made can be used as material to build a vertical garden. The garden area can be used to develop toga plants for the local community. Seeing the waste problems that occur in RT 8, it is necessary to empower the community in managing waste. Community empowerment can be carried out using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach which first takes inventory of assets owned by the community to be used as resources in waste management. The community empowerment methods that require participation include Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA), Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA), Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) and Participatory Training. It is hoped that some of the solutions described above can be a way out of existing problems and can have an impact on both the surrounding community and the people who come to use these facilities.

The Midwifery Unit Self-Assessment (MUSA) Toolkit: embedding stakeholder engagement and co-production of improvement plans in European midwifery units

Background:For women with straightforward pregnancies midwifery units (MUs) are associated with improved maternal outcomes and experiences, similar neonatal outcomes, and lower costs than obstetric units. There is growing interest and promotion of MUs and midwifery-led care among European health policymakers and healthcare systems, and units are being developed and opened in countries for the first time or are increasing in number. To support this implementation, it is crucial that practice guidelines and improvement frameworks are in place, in order to ensure that MUs are and remain well-functioning. Aims and objectives:This project focused on the stakeholder engagement and collaboration with MUs to implement the Midwifery Unit Self-Assessment (MUSA) Tool in European MUs. A rapid participatory appraisal was conducted with midwives and stakeholders from European MUs to explore the clarity and usability of the tool, to understand how it helps MUs identifying areas for further improvement, and to identify the degree of support maternity services need in this process. Key conclusions:Engagement and co-production principles used in the case studies were perceived as empowering by all stakeholders. A fresh-eye view from the external facilitators on dynamics within the MU and its relationship with the obstetric unit was highly valued. However, micro-, meso- and macro-levels of organisational change and their associated stakeholders need to be further represented in the MUSA-Tool. The improvement plans generated from it should also reflect these micro-, meso- and macro-level considerations in order to identify the key actors for further implementation and integration of MUs into European health services.

Empowerment Public Branch Village 2 Amban District In Process Results Agriculture Sweet potato bitch Become processed Which Worth Economical And Highly Nutritious

Generally the farmers in the branch village 2 , Amban District, destination own results enough farming _ many of them is sweet potato creep , dive This This sweet potato only for sale raw and utilized as one _ food addition . Capabilities and skills possessed by farmers in process sweet potato bitch This in a manner general Not yet Not yet Lots so that activity planned training important For done. Activity community service this is For practice farmer sweet potato in process sweet potato become processed worth economical and nutritious. Partner in activitiesa This is inhabitant the people of village 2 in the Amban district . The implementation of community service PKM uses the Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) approach with the stages of activities, namely 1) planning, 2) implementation, and 3) evaluation. kindly general activity devotion done with Good with indicator participation partners during activity reached 100%, an increase understanding and skills reach 90% and response partners to activity training reach 100%. activity dedication This Still need done in a manner sustainable especially in packaging and marketing from the products that are produced

Ecological Evaluation of Natural Resources: A Baseline Study of Sustainable Livelihood Capital in Parts of Ilaje Riparian Community, Ondo State, Nigeria

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the Ilaje coastal biodiversity scenarios and sustainable livelihood opportunities.
 Study Design: A Participatory Rapid Appraisal and purposive random sampling technique were adapted.
 Place and Duration of Study: Field sampling: Parts of Ilaje littoral community in Ondo State, Nigeria, between September 2020 and October 2021.
 Methodology: Data analyses by descriptive analytical tools and Likert-Type scale 7 point and 5 point levels of agreements.
 Result: Result of the natural resources biodiversity has recorded 20 representative flora diversity under 12 families across sampled communities, diverse representative fauna in Odonla (28), Ikorigho (14), Molutehin (10), Odun-Igo (8) and Awoye (3). The biodiversity composition has indicated Fishes as the highest resource among others particularly in Awoye with the highest percentage, while the highest mangrove livelihood of 50% for housing in Molutehin which also recorded with Awoye a highest (44%) alternative income source in trading among other communities.
 Conclusion: this study was significant while providing a better understanding of the biodiversity scenarios and sustainable livelihoods associated with the Ilaje riparian community and their ecosystem interaction.

Disaster experiences, associated problems and lessons in southwestern coastal Bangladesh: exploring through participatory rural appraisal to enhance resilience

ABSTRACT The southwestern coastal part of Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to different kinds of disasters due to the changing climatic conditions. With the lenses of rural communities here an approach to examine how were the different disasters experiences, what lesson they learnt and what are their present disaster associated problems and stakeholder’s networks they rely on to enhance their resilience. Qualitative data were collected through participatory rapid rural appraisal (100–150 persons), field observation, 12 focus group discussions (25–40 people/FGD), and key informant interviews (25 people) in four southwestern coastal districts and nine coastal villages of Bangladesh. Results showed that since long back to date drinking water crisis, poor roads, poverty, poor sanitation, and health problems are the main identified disaster-associated problems. After learning lessons from previous disaster experiences, the community people have improved and changed their practices mainly by storing emergency foods, house construction, and increasing disaster awareness. However, the coastal communities are combating with the problems that have both direct and indirect association with poor infrastructures. Therefore, the coastal communities urge and sketched for a better stakeholders’ supports and networks to minimize their problems and thus to enhance communities’ disaster resilience.

Penerapan Trauma Healing untuk Mengatasi Kecemasan Pasca Banjir

Community service carried out in Hantakan village, Hantakan sub-district, Hulu Sungai Tengah district, is in the form of assisting students together with the community in formulating innovative and participatory planning formulations and policies for trauma healing applications to overcome post-flood anxiety, in which the main target of this trauma healing activity is children in the local village. The purpose of trauma healing activities carried out by students for children is to reduce the level of anxiety and restore the emotional condition of children after the disaster to help the spirit return to the way it was before the disaster occurred with various kinds of games that were carried out both individually and in groups as well as gifts. Material that aims to improve the characteristics of the child. The stages of trauma healing implementation carried out by these students include: a). Initial Stage, b). Core Stage, c). Monitoring and Evaluation Phase. Implementing trauma healing using the Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) method or participatory village assessments carried out through various activities such as observations, surveys, and interviews.

Sosialisasi Pilah Sampah dari Rumah (PILSADAR) di Rukun Tetangga (RT) 06 Lingkungan Sembalun Perumahan Lingkar Permai Kota Mataram

The purpose of this service is to provide understanding and awareness to the residents of the Neighborhood Rukun Tetangga (RT) 06 in Sembalun Environment, Lingkar Permai Housing, Mataram City about waste management and processing through the Sorting Garbage from Home (PILSADAR) program. Partners in this activity are residents of the Neighborhood Association (RT) 06 Sembalun neighborhood, Lingkar Permai Housing, Mataram City, totaling 20 residents. The implementation of the service uses the Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) approach with the stages of activities, namely: 1) planning; 2) implementation; and 3) evaluation. The results of these activities have had a positive impact on increasing public understanding and awareness of the community participation-based waste management paradigm through the PILSADAR program. Socialization activities need to be continued with training activities on waste management, both organic and inorganic so that people can manage their own waste from home.

Feasibility of buffer zone agroforestry farming practices in the conservation of mangrove ecosystems: A case study assessment from some local communities in Central African coastal zone, South Western Cameroon

Mangroves (stretch of intertidal tropical and subtropical forests between inland coastal forests and the sea) are being exploited at a rate that is unprecedented, there is loss of biodiversity because of conflicting and unsuitable uses. This study was aimed at promoting the protection of mangrove and associated coastal forests within Tiko and Limbe III municipalities in south western Cameroon, Central Africa via the contribution of buffer zone agroforestry. Representative traditionally dominant agricultural land use sites were surveyed for the identification and analysis of farming practices using participatory rapid appraisal (PRA). Data collected (qualitative and quantitative) were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of twelve (12) agroforestry practices currently carried out by farmers under three widely dominant classic agroforestry systems (agri-silvicultural – plantation and non-plantation, silvo-pastoral and agri-silvo-pastoral systems), 5 of them under plantation and non-plantation systems (palms on crops lands, cocoa-based, rubber on crop lands, scattered trees on farmland and home gardens) were considered climate smart agroforestry practices. The maximum diameter, density, height and crown diameter of trees were dominant in the cocoa-based except for the mango-based which had the maximum tree height. The tree size class for poles (≥10cm to <30cm) was dominant in the 5 practices. For a more inclusive green economy and climate smart agriculture, some improvements on tree density, shade management and choice of multi-purpose trees species (Cedrela sepium, Moringa oleifera, Leucaena leucocephala and fruit trees) for vital functions such as firewood, soil improvement, medicine, food and construction are advocated to enhance sustainable exploitation of adjacent coastal forests thus protecting mangrove. Moreover, on account of resultant stable tree species, structural and use diversity of adjacent coastal forests, further make buffer agroforestry to hold promise for the conservation of fragile and vulnerable mangroves. There is therefore also need to expand the present study in other mangrove areas especially the mangroves of Cameroon Estuary which is the major deforestation hotspot in Cameroon.

The Study of Seaweed Cultivation Development in Bone District

Some cultivators depend on the owners of capital, such as traders and entrepreneurs, so there is dependence on the owners of the capital. This study aims to determine the main factors that influence the development of seaweed cultivation; measure the contribution of these main factors to the development of seaweed cultivation, and determine the strategy for developing seaweed cultivation in Tanete Riattang District. East. Data were collected using observation, interview, and participatory rapid appraisal methods. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the main factors that influence the development of seaweed cultivation are the availability of 85.9% land with decent conditions, labor, business feasibility of 1.34 based on OI/Ratio analysis, access to capital, marketing results, post-harvest handling, and local government policies. Together and integrated, the main factors contribute to supporting and hindering the development of seaweed aquaculture. Possible development strategies These are land management and construction design of cultivation methods, application of long line and floating raft methods in offshore waters, activating extension of the "behavior" system (training and visits), setting planting schedules, technical guidance on cultivation and business management, forming Joint Business Groups (KUB), planning cultivation locations by involving stakeholders, zoning coastal and marine areas, forming partnerships between cultivators and entrepreneurs, and providing capital assistance with a revolving system and credit with interest subsidies.

Problems and prospects of fish farming in the Chattogram Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: Community-based aquaculture might be a right choice

The study was carried out in Matiranga Upazila, Bandarban district, which is considered one of Bangladesh's major hill tract regions. The study aimed to identify present farming conditions, prospects, and problems and suitable solutions to the problems of fish farming. Different participatory rapid appraisal tools such as focus group discussion, field visits, and farmers' interviews were used to collect relevant fish farming information in the study area. The polyculture method was the most practised aquaculture method. Among the selected farms, eleven fish species were identified as culture species. The transportation cost for seeds purchased from remote areas was high (11% of total seed cost). The average transportation-related mortality of fish fry and fingerlings was 7.2% and 2.8%. Feed cost was found as the major cost (58.4%) in aquaculture. Costs and revenue for fish production per decimal varied from BDT 311 to 3528 and BDT 23 to 1268. Utilization of vacant lake, youth and women engagement, integrated aquaculture, the desire of people to engage in aquaculture, and available human resources were found as significant prospects. The major problems identified were lack of hatchery, high feed cost, lack of stakeholder linkage, lack of capital for fish farming, and lack of proper knowledge, guidelines, and consultancy for fish culture. A community-based aquaculture model was proposed to overcome the present challenges and problems in the study area. The model may help to expand aquaculture and thus improve the livelihood and socio-economic status of the people of the hilly areas of Bangladesh.

THE STRENGTHENING MSMEs WITH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND PROCESSED PRODUCT THROUGH THE EMPOWERMENT OF HOUSEWIFE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Community Service Program (PkM) in Petiken Village Driyorejo District, Gresik Regency East Java province, aims to grow and improve the ability of homemakers to process agricultural products to earn income to enhance welfare through active involvement, both initiative and participatory. This activity will be carried out using the PRRA (Participatory Rapid Rural Appraisal) and RRA (Rapid and Rural Appraisal) methods among homemakers and the Faculty of Agriculture Assistant - UWKS and students. With this PkM proposal, FP - UWKS, as one of the universities in Indonesia, especially East Java, which carries out activities, can contribute to efforts to improve community welfare by empowering homemakers. This PkM is important to be proposed and carried out to support accelerating the achievement targets of the UWKS College Strategic Plan, where the UWKS Main Research and Service Umbrella is following the Rector's Decree in 2012. The umbrella for superior research and service for the LPPM-UWKS institution is " Scientific and Environmental Insight ", where this institution's flagship umbrella is a basic reference for lecturers to develop self-reliance and creativity in arranging service activities at UWKS

THE EMPOWERMENT OF KARANGPANDAN COMMUNITY THROUGH ECOLOGY-BASED LIVING BARN PLANT ARRANGEMENT SKILLS TRAINING FOR STRENGTHENING THE TOURISM


 
 
 
 Sawahan Karangpandan Village is one of the villages in Karangpandan, Karanganyar Regency, and it is a strategic village being a tourism village.Society has not entirely aware of the potential. Mostly, they earned their living by culinary business, planting living barn plants, decorative plants, and farming. It is strategic to be developed as a business during the Covid-19 pandemic. The PPM, the ISI Surakarta team, considers the importance of providing skilful education for the Sawahan Karangpandan community through the thematic Community Service Program in ISI Yogyakarta. The method employed is using Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) methodand Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method. The result of Community Service shows that Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) method and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method can provide valuable skills to the community.Because the people in Sawahan village support training activities such as IT-based MSME's promotion strategy, decorative plants and living barn plants-based competition, and education for the strategy to exist during the pandemic. The research result of training skills in arranging and promotion can be seen on Instagram with the following address https://instagram.com/kkn21_karangpandan?utm_medium=copy_link 
 Keywords: Empowerment, Promotion, IT, Arrangement, Education.
 
 
 
 

SIOG2021-0179 - A Participatory Rapid Appraisal for the co-design of a technology-supported improved care pathway for older cancer patients, with multimorbidity. GerOnTe Project: Streamlined Geriatric & Oncological evaluation of Technology for patient-centred care

SIOG2021-0179 - A Participatory Rapid Appraisal for the co-design of a technology-supported improved care pathway for older cancer patients, with multimorbidity. GerOnTe Project: Streamlined Geriatric & Oncological evaluation of Technology for patient-centred care

SERVICE FACILITY ANALYSIS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT TO PASSENGER SATISFACTION LEVEL AT SULTAN HASANUDDIN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT MAKASSAR

<p>Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport as one of the supporting sub-sectors of air transportation should be able to prepare and take strategic steps to proactively provide services and support customer needs for both airlines and passengers. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The method of collecting data and information is Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA). Data analysis with statistical methods. The results showed that the physical facilities, the level of reliability of the officers, the responsiveness of the officers, the security guarantees, the attitude of the officers' empathy, the work environment at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport, showed a fairly small number of significance and had no effect on the level of passenger satisfaction. This can be interpreted that passenger satisfaction is quite good, but in this case to achieve a better value of passenger satisfaction, it is necessary to follow up so that the six variables get better attention so that the coefficient number is close to zero. It is recommended to improve both aspects of physical facilities and performance. The role of officers in serving passengers at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport Makassar.</p>

2030 agenda and its considerations in the framework of artisanal fishing cooperatives in Mexico

Objective: To analyze the objectives proposed by the UN, linking them in a theoretical and practical way with the real condition of artisanal fishing cooperatives in Mexico, contrasting the theoretical scope of the 2030 Agenda vs. the real praxis of the communities of artisanal fishermen. Design / Methodology / Approach: Through the application of a Participatory Rapid Appraisal Workshop (PRAW) points of the Agenda 2030 were discussed with three artisanal fishing communities in Mexico. The participants learned in a theoretical way the objectives presented by the UN; selected those that in their opinion are important and punctual parts of their fishing activity; and then analyzed these objectives comparing them with their practical daily reality. Results: Conclusions and clarifications were obtained from the social subjects in which it was recognized as a general argument that for the Mexican artisanal fishing cooperatives framework the objectives of the 2030 Agenda are possible as long as the action strategy promotes a cooperative culture with community values and social bonds; respect for their environment and way of life; as well as the sustainability of the ocean as their means of work. Limitations / Implications of the study: the main implication noticed was the enormous importance that exists towards delivering theoretical considerations from international organizations and decision makers, to the social base who operates these proposals. These spaces create discussions that allow the theoretical analysis of practical needs which is mandatory in the social sciences. Findings / Conclusions: The neoliberal globalized economic system is the main disagreement for the 2030 Agenda. The 2030 Agenda encourages developed countries to support under-developed countries with knowledge, technology and investments to achieve sustainability. However, the Agenda does not recognize local knowledge, use forms and customs in those developing countries, as effective operational alternatives.