Participatory Action Research Methods Research Articles

PELATIHAN PIDATO UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KETERAMPILAN PUBLIC SPEAKING SANTRI DI PANTI ASUHAN AT-TAWWABIN MALANG

Public speaking or the ability to speak in public is a skill that is not easy and requires practice. Public speaking practice can include speeches. This speech training was carried out in an orphanage because there were problems faced by students in orphanages, the majority of whom were children who no longer had parents. The problem is that mentally and the confidence to speak in public is of course still very minimal. The aim of this service is to train students' public speaking skills through speech activities. The method used in this service activity is the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The result of this service is that through speech training students can increase their knowledge of speech skills by practicing making speech texts and practicing giving speeches. Apart from that, this speech training also produces students who have public speaking skills through speech competitions for interested students

Pembuatan Jelly dari Buah Segar (Sari Jeruk Peras) untuk Meningkatkaan Perekonomian Masyarakat Dusun Paya Pinang Stabat Lama Kecamatan Wampu Kabupaten Langkat


 Jelly is a food product that is liked by everyone, from children to adults. Jelly candy has a soft texture which is processed with the addition of hydrocolloid components such as agar, gum, pectin, starch, carrageenan, gelatin, and others which are used to modify the texture to produce a chewy product. The orange flavor that is used as jelly is added with jelly so that this is done so that the resulting jelly is more supple than the others, more healthful because it is rich in vitamin C, the nutritional content is better for the body. So not only jelly candies are consumed because they are attractive, but these candies also have properties that contain vitamin C from the feeling of fresh citrus fruits. Making Jelly from fresh fruit also has many benefits and has a lot of vitamins contained in it because it is originally extracted from fresh fruit. The nutritional facts in making this jelly are that each portion of this delicious candy contains 70 calories, no fat, no cholesterol, 35 mg sodium, Carbohydrates 19 grams, and 18 grams of sugar. It also has 60 mg of vitamin C, 39 mg of calcium, 2 grams of protein and 1 gram of fiber. The method used in this pemeac activity is the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method. PAR is a research activity carried out in a participatory manner among citizens in a community or wider social sphere to encourage transformative actions (changes in living conditions for the better).
 Key word : jelly, orange extract, PAR

Where does the buck stop? UK Home Office and other statutory body responses to allegations of human rights violations in two Serco-run hotels housing people seeking asylum

RAPAR applies our participatory action research methods to amplify the living experience of families seeking asylum in the UK who are in ‘contingency accommodation’, aka ‘hotels’, and claiming human rights abuses on these sites. From all over the world, these people are without status in the UK and are therefore without recourse to the public funds that are, theoretically, available to everyone living in the UK with status. Their complete legal dependence on the Home Office and its subcontractors to ‘look after’ them and deal with any complaints leads to the question: why would anyone choose to challenge any organisation about human rights violations when that same organisation exercises such profound control over their day to day living reality? The data comprises contemporaneously collected evidence from individual correspondence, questionnaires, semi-structured conversations and case studies with hotel residents. Our preliminary analysis demonstrates considerable failures of statutory bodies in implementing their statutory duties. No evidence of meaningful investigation by any implicated statutory authority, or their privatised sub-contractors, into the human rights violation allegations asserted by hotel residents has been produced. The Local Authorities and the NHS insist that the Home Office is responsible for hotel residents within their boundaries. In turn, the Home Office, including Greater Manchester Police and sub-contractors Serco and Migrant Help, have failed to address the allegations in any transparent way. We call for immediate action that enables hotel residents to safely protect themselves and stimulates inclusive solution-making, with them, to end these human rights violations.

Autonomy among Indigenous women in Rural Colombia: “free to be, think, and act in our territory”

There is limited qualitative research to support the use of the most common conceptualizations and operationalizations of women’s autonomy, especially in the Latin American context and even more so for Indigenous populations. This study uses photovoice, a photography-based Participatory Action Research method, to conduct a qualitative assessment of how female Indigenous smallholding farmers from Nariño, Colombia, define women’s autonomy and which factors facilitate and hinder their autonomy. Results show that women felt autonomous when: a) they were free to make decisions important to them and to express themselves; b) they had opportunities to be economically independent doing work they valued; and c) their cultural and collective autonomy was effectively protected. Significant barriers to autonomy included issues related to colonization, the devaluation of women’s work, machismo culture, limited access to education (traditional and formal), and unjust employment opportunities. The use of Photovoice proved to be a valuable qualitative approach for studying this particular group by empowering participating Indigenous women to share their experiences, perspectives, and knowledge. The results from this study can inform local policies and programs, improve the interpretation of quantitative results from similar contexts, and facilitate the development of quantitative tools to measure women’s autonomy more effectively.

Assistance in the Preparation of a Teaching Module for the Strengthening Project of the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) for Elementary Madrasa Teachers in Semarang City

This mentorship activity aimed to enhance the knowledge, understanding, and skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers in developing a relevant and applicable teaching module for the strengthening project of the Pancasila student profile (P5) while also improving their self-confidence and collaborative capacity. The Participatory Action Research method was employed, and the mentorship was conducted in three steps: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The service team completed a preliminary analysis to identify the teachers' needs through interviews, observations, and documentation to ensure effective mentoring. The training results demonstrated a significant increase in participants' knowledge after participating in the P5 teaching module development mentorship. It was evidenced by the survey responses, in which 66.7% of the participants had an improved understanding of the Merdeka Curriculum material and the implementation of P5 through the teaching module.

Increasing the Competence of Village Youth Communities through the Introduction of Cultural Experience and Knowledge in Local Wisdom

Increasing the competence of village youth communities through the introduction of cultural experience and knowledge in local wisdom is a response to the problem of youth who are currently more interested in foreign cultures than their own, which is one of the formation of national character and identity. In addition, youth apathy in local culture, which is strengthened by the onslaught of global Islamic movements or transnational Islam develops among millennials so that religious values that exist in various traditions become misunderstood. This community assistance is located in Ketanen Village, Panceng District, Gresik Regency with the participatory action research method. The mentoring steps include preparation, process, analysis to evaluation. The result of the service is the increasing competence of the youth community, which can be seen by the awareness of the youth community to preserve the cultural heritage that has existed through various positive activities. Through this service, a village history team was formed as a center of information on various local wisdom.

Assistance in Planning the Construction of Closed House Chicken Coops in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency

The high demand for poultry production has recently prompted members of the Mbesi Chicken Farmers Group in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency, to focus on increasing productivity by optimizing the construction of their chicken coops. The closed-house system, suitable for the local environment and weather conditions, has been identified as the most appropriate type of poultry coop. However, the construction process is often outsourced, resulting in frequent design changes and price increases passed on to the breeders. To address this issue, the present Community Service (PkM) activity was carried out to assist farmers in creating design drawings for closed-house poultry coop buildings. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, involving direct mentoring, was employed to facilitate farmers in the process. The outcome of this community service was the submission of detailed design drawings for closed-house poultry coop buildings. An evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-testassessments, revealing that 80% of participants could read and comprehend the design drawings for planning a closed-house chicken coop system. Accordingly, the findings indicated an improvement in the partner's competence in interpreting design drawings.

The Quality Improvement Assistantship Program for Madrasa Education in Mindanao, the Philippines

Madrasa education is a compelling issue in a Muslim minority country like the Philippines. Amidst the rapid pace of modernization, secular education enjoys strong government support, while Islamic teaching often remains underemphasized. However, the madrasa education system in the Philippines has begun to make positive strides through mutual learning and exchanging experiences with neighboring countries, such as Indonesia. Likewise, the present intensive and participatory assistantship program aimed to elucidate the efforts to promote religious moderation and enhance the educational quality within selected madrasas in Mindanao, the Philippines. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, combined with direct mentoring, was employed in this endeavor. Furthermore, the program was designed to address three key objectives: (1) strengthening religious moderation within madrasa education, (2) preparing professional teachers for madrasa education, and (3) enhancing the management of madrasa education. In summary, the outcomes of this program have the potential to contribute to the adoption of the Indonesian Islamic education model within the Muslim community in the Philippines.

Instilling a Sense of Tolerance Between Religions in West Pemenang Village, West Lombok Regency

Pemenang Barat Village is one of the villages from the Pemenang sub-district which is classified as advanced and developing, marked by one of its livelihoods being obtained from tourism. The village of Pemenang Barat is also a village that adheres to three religions, namely Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. These three people from the past have never had friction because they have been bound by the word 'Mempolong' which means the bond of brotherhood. The purpose of this service is to continue to maintain inter-religious harmony in the village of Pemenang Barat, Pemenang sub-district, North Lombok district by conducting the Mempolong Pemenang Conference. The research method that the author uses is the PAR (Participatory action research) method, this method model is that we as researchers are actively involved in finding the problem, finding solutions, and actively participating in activities to overcome these problems. The service participants came up with a solution by uniting activists, religious leaders, and cultural figures in the Conference of Mempolong Pemenang.

Acquiring Financial Support for Children's Sports Participation: Co-Creating a Socially Safe Environment for Parents from Low-Income Families.

Despite the many benefits of club-organized sports participation for children, sports participation is lower among children from low-income families than among those from middle- or high-income families. Social safety experienced by parents from low-income families is an important facilitator for parents to request financial support for their children's sports participation. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to better understand parental social (un)safety in the context of acquiring financial support for children's sports participation and how to create a safe social environment for low-income parents to request and receive this financial support. The second aim was to describe the co-creation process, which was organized to contribute to social safety solutions. To reach these goals, we applied a participatory action research method in the form of four co-creation sessions with professionals and an expert-by-experience, as well as a group interview with parents from low-income families. The data analysis included a thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The results showed that from the perspective of parents, social safety encompassed various aspects such as understandable information, procedures based on trust, and efficient referral processes. Sport clubs were identified as the primary source of information for parents. Regarding the co-creation process, the study found that stakeholders tended to overestimate parental social safety levels. Although the stakeholders enjoyed and learned from the sessions, differences in prior knowledge and a lack of a shared perspective on the purpose of the sessions made it challenging to collaboratively create solutions. The study's recommendations include strategies for increasing parental social safety and facilitating more effective co-creation processes. The findings of this study can be used to inform the development of interventions that contribute to a social environment in which parents from low-income families feel safe to request and receive financial support for their children's sports participation.

Community Assistance in Managing Kitchen Waste to Become Organic Fertilizer

Researchers, together with the manager of the Asri Garbage Bank, formed a collaboration to socialize the habit of selecting waste. This kitchen waste will be made into compost and sold to the surrounding community. This activity aims to familiarize the people in Green Petunia Housing with managing waste to reduce the amount of garbage. The method used in this service is the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method, with stages through training, account creation practices, and mentoring. The training is carried out in three phases: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The results obtained from this activity are that people are increasingly aware of the importance of selecting waste and getting used to processing waste to reduce the amount of plastic waste around them.

Keterampilan Interpersonal Skill dalam Dunia Kerja

In the recent complex world of professional work, interpersonal skill improvement is essential. It is more than technical skills, the interpersonal skill demonstrates an employee's ability to understand and respond empathetically to the needs, feelings, and desires of colleagues and superiors in his or her profession. Interpersonal skills also include the ability to solve problems and cope with stress effectively. Given the importance of interpersonal skills in work life, companies should look at for people with strong communication skill who can reinforce a positive work culture. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method in this activity is used to find out the process or systematic steps used as a means to achieve certain goals effectively. The importance of interpersonal skills in the world of work, that one's success is not only produced because of intelligence and value. There are other things that are no less important needed in our life and socializing in the world of work, namely interpersonal skills possessed by a person.

Mind the Gaps: The Need for Inclusion of Male-Identified Voices in Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health.

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) inequities are well documented for historically excluded youth (i.e., youth of color, LGBTQIA+ youth, youth with disabilities, recently im/migrated youth) living in the U.S. Northeast. However, the lived experience of male-identifying young people from historically excluded backgrounds in ASRH remains largely unexamined. The purpose of this paper is to present findings related to male-identified perspectives on social constructions of sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, and sexuality education. A research team composed of two local youth-serving organizations, eight youth researchers, and university researchers, used Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods to examine how structural violence contributes to inequitable ASRH outcomes for historically excluded youth. Photovoice and community mapping were used as YPAR methods. We also completed individual interviews on the same topic with the youth and with 17 key stakeholders that either provide services to youth or are emerging adult service recipients. Community-driven data reveal two major themes around the silencing of male-identified voices in ASRH: lack of culture-centered and gender-expansive approaches for ASRH, and the subsequent toll of sexism and (cis)gendered social and educational norms on young people. Our findings highlight that sexuality education, cisgender hetero culture, and social norms have put the onus of responsibility on people identifying as women for sexual and reproductive health. An unintended consequence of that is that young people identifying as men may feel powerless and uninformed around their own SRH. Our findings illustrate the importance of using culture-centered and gender-transformative approaches to ASRH to address inequity.

Kajian Akhlak Bertetangga Sesuai Kitab Taysirul Kholaq Pada Jam’iyyah Ibu-Ibu Dusun Kenteng Barat Desa Besowo Kecamatan Kepung Kabupaten Kediri

Morals as a science is the main and substantial subject in Islam, whose study is not limited to human behavior from the physical aspect, but is also tied to the inner aspect and happiness. A study that concerns an important dimension that includes the issue of the goodness and badness of human life in the world, even with regard to life in the future. In the history of mankind, among others, it is stated in the Qur'an that a strong nation is a nation with good morals, on the other hand, a nation collapses when its morals are damaged. in his own research the author chose to use the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method. the results of this study, perform the following steps; The first step we took was that flexible methods and approaches were needed according to the circumstances. because, there is often a gap between planning and practice in the field. the third step is to evaluate the material studies that have been carried out from the beginning to the end to the jam'iyah mothers. This is an effort to find out the extent of the material that has been captured by the mothers after the study of neighboring morals was conducted.

Pendampingan Bimbingan Sholat Kepada Anak-Anak Tpq Di Dusun Tambaksari Desa Kebonrejo Kecamatan Kepung Kabupaten Kediri

Tpq is a place for religious education in which it provides learning about religious knowledge, especially the knowledge of reading the Qur'an. From this context, the authors not only provide learning to read the Qur'an, but also provide assistance in learning the basics of prayer. In Islam, prayer is a non-negotiable act of worship. Unlike the case with zakat, fasting and pilgrimage. Zakat, people who are obliged to pay zakat are people who can afford it. Fasting, people who travel long distances or travelers and sick people who have met the requirements, are allowed not to fast. Hajj, a person who is obliged to perform Hajj only people who can afford both in the form of wealth and energy. But unlike the case with prayer, the rich, poor, healthy, sick, male, female, muqim, traveler, all of them are still obliged to pray. Therefore, the author provides assistance in learning prayer for the children of Tpq Dsn. Tambaksari Ds. Kebonrejo district. The siege that the author tucked into learning the Qur'an once a week after sunset. In this study, the author uses the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method by providing an explanation of the basics of prayer and practicing it. In prayer training mentoring, good communication emerged between the author and the children in the tpq so that it could lead to collaboration that could make the prayer training mentoring program a success. The real evidence produced from this prayer guidance mentoring activity is (1) Journals that have ISSN. (2) The services resulting from this prayer guidance assistance activity can provide additional knowledge to children of Tpq Dsn. Tambaksari in order to be able to carry out prayers properly and correctly, both in terms of reading and prayer movements

Supporting First Nations Family Caregivers and Providers: Family Caregivers', Health and Community Providers', and Leaders' Recommendations.

Family caregivers and care providers are increasingly becoming more distressed and reaching a breaking point within current systems of care. First Nations family caregivers and the health and community providers employed in First Nations communities have to cope with colonial, discriminatory practices that have caused intergenerational trauma and a myriad of siloed, disconnected, and difficult-to-navigate federal-, provincial/territorial-, and community-level policies and programs. Indigenous participants in Alberta's Health Advisory Councils described Indigenous family caregivers as having more difficulty accessing support than other Alberta caregivers. In this article, we report on family caregivers', providers', and leaders' recommendations to support First Nations family caregivers and the health and community providers employed in First Nations. We used participatory action research methods in which we drew on Etuaptmumk (the understanding that being in the world is the gift of multiple perspectives) and that Indigenous and non-Indigenous views are complementary. Participants were from two First Nation communities in Alberta and included family caregivers (n = 6), health and community providers (n = 14), and healthcare and community leaders (n = 6). Participants advised that family caregivers needed four types of support: (1) recognize the family caregivers' role and work; (2) enhance navigation and timely access to services, (3) improve home care support and respite, and (4) provide culturally safe care. Participants had four recommendations to support providers: (1) support community providers' health and wellbeing; (2) recruit and retain health and community providers; (3) improve orientation for new providers; and (4) offer providers a comprehensive grounding in cultural awareness. While creating a program or department for family caregivers may be tempting to address caregivers' immediate needs, improving the health of First Nations family caregivers requires a population-based public health approach that focuses on meaningful holistic system change to support family caregivers.

The need and development for a value-added toolkit—A case study with Montana specialty fruit growers

IntroductionCold-hardy small fruits and berries have the potential for specialty fruit growers in the Intermountain West, where the climate is not suited for conventional fruit crops. In the last seven years, approximately 50 varieties of cold-hardy, bush fruit types have been researched in western Montana.MethodHence with the increased small fruit and berry production, and interest of specialty fruit growers in value-added product development, this paper utilized participatory action research (PAR) to develop a value-added product development toolkit with specialty fruit growers and used an integrated logic model to discuss creating and implementing the toolkit. Firstly, we used an online survey to identify the needs and challenges of specialty fruit growers. Next, a value-added toolkit is drafted using the principles of design thinking and involving a student-grower partnership. Thirdly, the specialty fruit grower's interest in and feedback on the drafted toolkit is evaluated using focus group discussions and individuals interviews, and the results are used to revise the toolkit. Lastly, the short, medium and long-term outcomes for this toolkit are discussed using the logic model.ResultsFrom the survey, 61% of specialty fruit growers indicated an interest in value-added opportunities. Yet, focus group discussions and individual interviews found the biggest barriers to value-added product development are cost, resources, and environment. This indicated a co-created toolkit will be a beneficial solution. During focus group and individual interviews, the growers suggested including the toolkit as part of coursework in semester-long classes. This will address issues of continuity and funding.DiscussionOverall, this study deployed PAR methods to propose with Montana specialty fruit growers a solution to their increasing needs in value-added pursuits, implying short-term economic benefits but also long-term socio-ecological benefits. The participatory model of creating value-added resources presented by this paper can benefit other small-scale specialty crop growers in underserved regions.

Community Empowerment Through Processing Cow Manure Into Compost Fertilizer

Indonesia is an agricultural country because most of the population works in the agricultural sector. The main need for farmers is fertilizer, to support plant growth properly. The relatively expensive price of fertilizer is an obstacle for farmers in Tawangrejo Village. The majority of the Tawangrejo Village community are farmers and have a large number of cattle, of course this can be used to produce compost. Therefore we are moved to empower the people of Tawangrejo Village regarding the production of compost from cow dung. The hope is that it can help the community in meeting their fertilizer needs, besides that compost production also has the potential to increase income for the community. This community service uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) research method. The data contained in this paper were obtained from implementing a series of PAR methods supported by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are the emergence of public awareness to utilize cow dung as compost and the creation of a community group of compost producers in Tawangrejo Village.

PENDAMPINGAN PERAYAAN MAULID NABI MUHAMMAD SAW. SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT

The social interactions that have occurred recently have begun to be eroded by individualist and materialist life patterns. Likewise, communication patterns that are increasingly sophisticated with advances in information technology add to the length of the problem of social interaction in society. This community service was carried out to assist in celebrating the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. to realize an increase in social interaction during the Grand Sangatta housing community, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. It was hoped that the birthday Prophet Muhammad SAW implementation could increase togetherness, mutual help, unity and integrity among residents of the Grand Sangatta housing. The method used in this service was the participatory action research method. The service results showed that the social interaction in the middle of the Grand housing community Sangatta was getting more intense. It could be seen from the increasing enthusiasm of the community in participating in activities carried out together as if Khotmil Qur'an at the end of the month, Yasinan and Tahlilan on Friday nights, reading the Al-Waqiah letters every Saturday night, and working together to clean up residential areas. Thus, community service in the form of accompanying the celebration of the Prophet Muhammad's Birthday could positively impact related to social interaction in the Grand Sangatta Housing community.

EDUKASI PENCATATAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN SEDERHANA BAGI PELAKU USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM)

MSMEs, resilient and resistant to the economic crisis, can absorb labour, thereby reducing unemployment. Therefore, activities for MSMEs are needed to develop their business in a better direction. Tlogo Hamlet business actors still need to pay more attention to recording reports; there is no separation between personal money and business money, and lack of knowledge about the benefits of recording simple financial statements. The purpose of implementing community service activities in Education Report Recording for MSMEs in Tlogo Hamlet, Sutopati Kajoran Village, is to provide education and assistance to MSMEs related to recording financial statements, how to record and their benefits for businesses. Assisting MSMEs in implementing bookkeeping in their daily activities. The PAR (Participatory Action Research) method is the method of implementing this community service. To solve existing problems, the activities carried out consist of investigations, actions, and reflections. Inquiry is the stage where the team searches for problems and needs, which can obtain the main problems and programs needed. Action is the stage carried out to carry out the program, which consists of two activities: forming partnerships and implementing activities needed by partners. Partners in implementing this service consist of MSMEs actors, women farmer groups, and PKK groups. The reflection stage is the stage that shows the results of activities and reviews activities that have been carried out. The results of the community's implementation and research are aware of the benefits, understanding and increased knowledge about the importance of recording simple financial statements for business actors. This service activity implies that MSMEs actors, especially in Tlogo Hamlet, Sutopati Kajoran Village, can understand good ways of entrepreneurship through financial records to make it easier for them to develop achievements and know progress through cash inflow and outflow transaction activities.