Participation In Organizations Research Articles

Empowerment through engagement: assessing the female university students’ involvement in volunteering activities

PurposeThis study aims to identify how the involvement of female university students in volunteer organisations is contributing to their self-empowerment in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach was conducted. A total of 20 in-depth interviews with female student volunteers, two focus group discussions with student members of the volunteer organisation and ten key informant interviews with academics, gender experts and high-level representatives of civil society organisations were conducted. The data were collected from eight purposively selected universities in Dhaka. The data were collected between 1 January 2023 and 23 March 2023.FindingsThe inter-organisational environment appears to be supportive and welcoming, despite the fact that some male colleagues belittle women with insulting comments. Female students are predominantly involved in public presentation activities and their advice is rarely considered. To reach a top position, they have to show more commitment than their male colleagues. Subjective prejudices discourage women from taking on positions of responsibility. Participation in voluntary organisations strengthens the self-confidence, critical thinking, networking and social capital of female students, making it easier for them to gain employment. These factors contribute to the empowerment of female students.Originality/valueThis study is an excellent empirical document that establishes a link between the empowerment of female students and their participation in voluntary activities. The recommendations of this study pave the way for future research in different countries on how volunteering helps young people, especially female students, to shape their future by taking on social responsibility alongside their academic activities.

Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi Sekolah Terhadap Motivasi Berprestasi untuk Mewujudkan Kinerja Pembelajaran

From this value, it is obtained that the decision Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted, so thatthe School Organizational Climate (X) variable has an effect on Motivation (Y) Achievement and Learning Performance (Z). The significance of the value of the test results above is also supported by the magnitude of the value of determination (R2YZX) of 0.1246 which also shows the magnitude of the contribution of School Organizational Climate to Achievement Motivation to realize Learning Performance, which is 12.46%, while the re-maining is 0.8754 or 87 ,54% influenced by other variables not included in the model. Theresults of testing the sub-hypothesis: School Organizational Climatehas a significant effecton Achievement Motivation, School Organizational Climate has no significant effect onlearning performance, and Achievement Motivation has a significant effect on learning performance. This study found a number of important problem findings: First, on variableX (School Organizational Climate), the findings of the problems that are considered important are the level of teacher participation in school organizations is still low despite theavailability of adequate facilities and infrastructure and located in the boarding school environment. Second, on the Y variable (achievement motivation), the findings of the problem that are considered important are the teacher's motivation in the learning process is stillnot strong. Third, on variable Z (learning performance), the findings of important problems include: Teacher performance in learning is not optimal, also in teaching and learning activities (KBM) the majority of teachers do not complete teacher administration. Theoretically, the research results have implications for the theories that form the basis of the research variables, which basically can function if the school's organizational climate and learning motivation can actually be implemented based on existing theories, but in reality these theories are notcan be fully implemented.

“So, Do Not Fear”: Religion and the prevalence, persistence, and severity of anxiety disorders among Black Americans

BackgroundThere is a dearth of scholarship that explicates the effects of religious participation on anxiety disorders among Black Americans. A better understanding of the links between religious participation, a coping resource, and anxiety disorders among Black Americans remains essential, given Black Americans are less likely than their white counterparts to seek professional treatment for mental health problems, leading to greater unmet mental health needs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether religious participation is associated with the prevalence, persistence, and severity of anxiety disorders among Black adults. MethodsWe used a national sample of Black adults (N = 4999) from the National Survey of American Life, a cross-sectional study conducted from 2001 to 2003. Five anxiety disorders were assessed: posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and agoraphobia. Three dimensions of religious participation were assessed: organizational, non-organizational, and subjective religious participation. Weighted logistic and linear regressions were estimated to examine the associations between religious participation and anxiety disorders. ResultsFindings indicate that organizational religious participation and subjective religiosity were associated with lower odds of anxiety disorders and decreased severity. Findings for non-organizational religious participation in relation to the prevalence, persistence, and severity of anxiety disorders were mixed. LimitationsThe study limitations include the utilization of self-reported measures, cross-sectional study design, and age of the data set. ConclusionsDifferent dimensions of religious participation have differing effects on anxiety disorders. Religious participation may be an important resource for Black Americans in coping and preventing anxiety disorders.

The state of citizen abilities in university students of Chile, Colombia, and Mexico

The educational field proposes to develop the most qualified professionals in all senses, not only academically. This includes the formation of citizenship skills that students must possess in order to train the professionals of the future. To measure civic engagement in university students, three Latin American higher education institutions joined forces. These were the Universidad de los Andes (Colombia), the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Chile), and the Tecnológico de Monterrey (Mexico); through these joint efforts, a citizenship laboratory was created. This article was descriptive in scope, and the general objective was to describe the state of citizenship skills in university students. The methodology consisted of formulating an instrument, specifically a survey, which integrated 42 items; it was divided into socioemotional, citizenship and global skills. Subsequently, the data were processed using the statistical program R. The most relevant findings are that there is an area of opportunity, especially in terms of their participation in student organizations, in order to exploit their abilities as much as possible.

Peran Keikutsertaan Mahasiswa FISIP Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa dalam Organisasi terhadap Pola Pikir Kritis

This research discusses the influence of the participation of students from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Sumbawa Technology University in organizations on critical thinking patterns. The problem formulation that will be discussed in this research is the role of participation in organizations in changing the critical thinking patterns of students at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences. This research aims to determine the role of participation in organizations on changes in the critical thinking patterns of students at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method, namely describing the data as it is and explaining the data or events with qualitative explanatory statements to obtain in-depth information, as well as data that contains significant meaning and can influence the research object. This research produced several results. Students get the opportunity to develop thinking patterns, analytical thinking skills, as well as communication and negotiation skills. The participation of students from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences in student organizations that encourage debate and discussion activities provides important benefits. These discussions and debates train students in critical thinking, develop communication skills, and convey opinions clearly and persuasively.

Factors affecting smallholder farmers’ local knowledge-based adaption to build resilience in Wolaita zone, Ethiopia

This study aims to identify factors affecting local adaptation strategies smallholder farmers are practising to adapt multiple stresses. Primary data were collected from 400 randomly sampled households from six districts of Wolaita zone by face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Survey data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. A binary logit model was employed to identify factors affecting smallholder farmers’ local adaptation strategies. A total of 15 explanatory variables, identified from relevant empirical literature, was included in the binary logit model to assess their relationship to the dependent variable – households’ decision to employ various local adaptations. The study found that eight of the explanatory variables such as age, farmland size, livestock owned, income, distance to market, extension agent visist, participation in the local organizations, and agro-ecology significantly influenced local adaption strategies. Additionally, qualitative data from focus group discussions and key informant interviews showed that the role and use of local adaptation have been ignored and marginalized. This study suggests the government should recognize the importance of local knowledge, multiple stakeholders should participate to enhance smallholders’ adaptabilities, interdisciplinary research is required, and communities should be supported to share their knowledge to build synergies between different knowledge systems.

Connecting through clicks: A longitudinal examination of internet use and depressive symptoms among middle- and old-aged Chinese.

While prior investigations into the influence of internet engagement on depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older individuals have largely been favorable, concerns persist. Some research posits that internet use may detract from direct interpersonal interactions, elevating depression risks. Here, we scrutinize these contrasting views, endeavoring to delineate the relationship between internet use, social participation, and the ensuing depressive manifestations. We analyzed nationally representative data from three consecutive waves (2013-T1, 2015-T2, 2018-T3) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study survey. Measures of social participation encompassed formal social participation (i.e., attending clubs for mahjong, chess, sports, or other activities; participation in community organizations, volunteering, or enrolling in training courses) and informal social participation (i.e., interactions with friends or extending assistance to relatives, friends, or neighbors). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a focused longitudinal mediation model. Our dataset comprised 13 671 individuals aged 45 years or older. Baseline internet use was associated with a decrease in depressive symptoms by T3 ( = -0.143, SE = 0.055). The longitudinal association between internet use and the alleviation of depressive symptoms was partially mediated by enhanced formal social participation (indirect effect = -0.023, SE = 0.011). For developing nations such as China, grappling with a rapidly aging demographic and scarce mental health infrastructure, pioneering initiatives that merge digital and formal social participation might be a valuable component in a multifaceted approach to alleviate late-life depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 218-224.

How social organizations participate in social governance in China: Official media's attention distribution analysis (1949-2021).

The attitude of the Chinese government towards social organizations (SOs) is crucial, as it affects the management rule and development tendency of SOs. To research the rule of SOs' participation in social governance in China, this study used a new historical perspective, the institutional development perspective, to conduct its exploration. This perspective provides an accurate measure of the reality of the SOs' participation, as it involves a mixed research methodology using continuous data from 73 years of reports and content mining, as well as topic clustering analysis to reveal a macroscopic and multi-line picture. Using a co-word analysis of hundreds of reports, from 1949-2021, in the People's Daily, an official newspaper of the Communist Party of China, this study quantified changes in intensity, emotion, and content regarding social organization participation in social governance through topic distribution. Three trends were revealed: (1) "social-oriented character" and "organized-oriented character" were identified during the change in SOs; (2) the extent of being managed gradually strengthened and shifted from the Communist Youth League of China to the Community Party of China; (3) the goals of SOs shifted from general to innovated function in special charitable organizations. The institutional development perspective can complement the focus event perspective, including a new method, co-word analysis, to examine official Chinese media and validate the Administrative Absorption of Society (AAS) theory by identifying two lines of topic clustering trends. The attention distribution analysis in official media from an institutional development perspective can help explore the role of official media reports in analyzing the allocation of national attention and provide new analytical methods for big data mining to establish the social and organizational natures of SOs to optimize their roles. It offers a basis for modern social governance policy innovation in China.

Dimensions of Accessibility and Use of Information Communication Technology Among Cocoa Farmers in Atwima Mponua District, Ghana

This research examined the drivers of accessibility and use of information communication technologies (ICTs) by cocoa farmers. A sample size of four hundred (400) cocoa farmers was selected using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Data were analysed using percentage, means, standard deviation, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance and multiple linear regression model. The study revealed that mobile phones, radio and television are the most available (=4.99, 4.95 and 4.85 respectively), accessible (=4.97, 4.83 and 4.40 respectively) and utilised (=4.97, 4.81 and 4.30 respectively) ICT tools by cocoa farmers. There is a relatively high level of availability of ICT (=3.57), a moderate level of accessibility (=2.90) and low use (=2.19) of ICT tools. Cocoa farmers mainly used ICT tools to acquire information on their cocoa farm activities (=4.82). Gender, age, education and farmer-based organisation participation affected farmers' accessibility of ICT tools. Age, education and farm experience significantly affected farmers’ use of ICT tools. The greatest challenge faced by cocoa farmers in accessing and using ICT tools is a lack of skills in operating the tools ( rank=2.24). Training on ICT use should be intensified by all relevant stakeholders to enable cocoa farmers to increase their use of ICT tools.

S.N. Maksudi and Russian Masons at the beginning of the XX century

The article investigates little-known facts in the life of the famous Tatar and Turkish public figure S.N. Maksudi – a turkologist, an educator, a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Empire and the Majlis of the Turkish Republic at different periods of his life. At the beginning of the XX century a graduate of the Sorbonne University, a young lawyer, Sadri Maksudi, found himself at the center of the political life of the Turkic-Muslim world of Russia. He lived in St. Petersburg and was actively engaged in political activities. Just then he met Russian Freemasons and became a participant in the Masonic movement.The attitude towards Masonry in the Russian history is characterized by different assessments, for example, they were credited with participation in conspiracies, possession of secret knowledge, etc. In fact, most Masons were liberals who advocated the introduction of a wide range of democratic freedoms in Russia, including expanding the rights of national minorities. This attracted one of the leaders of Russian Islam, who actively defended the ideas of equality and enlightenment of his people.The article presents the analysis of the history of the opening of Masonic lodges in St. Petersburg after the revolution of 1905-1907 and their activities during the inter-revolutionary period, in which S.N. Maksudi took part.The purpose of the study was to analyze the views of the Tatar politician S.N. Maksudi through the prism of his participation in Masonic organizations of the early XX century. For this purpose the author used biographical, historical-genetic and historical-comparative research methods, as well as general scientific and dialectical methods of analysis. As a result, we came to the conclusion that despite all the objective differences between the social movement of Muslims in Russia and the teachings of the Freemasons, there were common ideological ideas between them, which attracted the Tatar-Muslim leader Sadri Maksudi to the ranks of the masons, which was reflected in his political life.

The Added Value of Black Engineering Students’ Participation in Identity-based Organizations: A Systematic Literature Review

The Added Value of Black Engineering Students’ Participation in Identity-based Organizations: A Systematic Literature Review

‘Athletes’ participation in the National Anti-Doping Organisations of Germany and Poland: democratic governance?’

ABSTRACT Athletes’ participation in sports governance gains momentum at multiple levels and challenges the long-prevailing power relations in organised sport. At the same time, the sport-specific discourse on good governance extends to the field of anti-doping, following low levels of testing effectiveness, untransparent decision-making and ethical misconduct in leading anti-doping authorities. Adopting a case-oriented comparative approach between the National Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs) of Germany (NADA) and Poland (POLADA), two consecutive data collection steps were applied in mixed-methods design to assess and compare the status quo, and to discuss the future development of athletes’ participation in anti-doping through the lens of democratic processes in good governance research. First, document analysis showed important similarities and differences between the organisations’ approaches to athletes’ participation. Overall, NADA implements a more democratic and transparent approach than POLADA. Second, expert interviews revealed three key issues in relation to democratic forms of athletes’ participation in the two NADOs: athletes’ and their representatives’ (limited) personal resources and engagement (individual); an adequate degree of codification and institutionalisation of athletes’ representation on NADOs’ internal bodies (organisational); and NADOs’ operational (in-)dependence (political/systemic). Researchers and practitioners are recommended to further examine how NADOs’ control functions over athletes and athletes’ participation in their decision-making can be adequately balanced as part of aspirations to foster democratic governance in these organisations.

Exploring the Embodied Experience of Disabilities in eSports: A Study on First Person Shooters

The eSports industry has experienced a remarkable surge, transforming competitive video games into professional sports. Despite its rapid expansion and recognition as legitimate sports worldwide, unresolved debates persist, challenging our understanding of eSports as a distinct phenomenon. This article aims to bridge existing gaps in the eSports literature by investigating how disabilities are experienced in the interplay between physical and virtual bodies in specific eSports titles called "First Person Shooters" (FPS). FPS games demand swift reaction times, exceptional hand-eye coordination, and in-depth understanding of in-game maps and equipment, making them an opportune domain to explore player engagement and the interaction between physical and virtual bodies. Recognizing that eSports are constructed around an able and competitive body, this research explores the effects of personalization practices in eSports, which may normalize impairments and lead to new organizational processes and participation for people with disabilities. By analyzing the relationship between physical and virtual bodies, mediated by different peripherals, the paper sheds light on the exclusion experienced by eSports athletes in FPS games. Through this study, we gain better insights into the phenomenon of eSports and its potential similarities to traditional sports in terms of discrimination. The research contributes to understanding the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities in eSports and presents recommendations for practice and future research.

ЕКОНОМІЧНА ДИПЛОМАТІЯ ВЕЛИКОЇ БРИТАНІЇ

The conceptual foundations of the United Kingdom’s economic diplomacy after Brexit is investigated in the paper. The role of economic diplomacy in supporting the country’s leadership and protecting national interests is analyzed. The program of economic diplomacy across five key areas: trade policy, shaping international norms and standards, concluding bilateral and multilateral agreements, participation in international organizations, and economic governance is systematized in the study. It is noted that the UK’s economic diplomacy system is based on a «whole-of-government» approach involving the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and the De- partment for Business and Trade. This comprehensive strategy integrates efforts across external relations, domestic policy, commercial activity, and institutional development to consolidate the promotion of the United Kingdom’s national interests. The evolution of UK government agencies responsible for business, industry, and trade, leading to the establishment of the DBT in 2023 is examined in the research. The DBT’s key priorities, including economic growth, business support, promoting companies in global markets, fostering competition, advocating free trade, protecting business interests, supporting innovation, and leveraging post-Brexit opportunities are highlighted in the paper. It is distinguished that after Brexit, Britain seeks to diversify its trade ties by negotiating new bilateral free trade agreements and joining multilateral trade deals. It is noted that membership in the IMF, OECD, and G7 is crucial for the UK’s role in the global economy. Participation in shaping international norms and standards within organizations like the OECD and the World Customs Organization allowing Britain to play an active role in defining the «rules of the game» in global economic affairs and promoting its approaches in regulating trade, investment, and competition. It is concluded that economic diplomacy is a key instrument for advancing the UK’s trade, investment, and economic interests globally in the post-Brexit era.

Alternative Payment Models and Patient-Reported Quality of Preparation for Discharge: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study

Preparing patients for posthospital care may improve readmission risk. Alternative payment models (APMs) incent hospitals to reduce readmissions by tying payment to outcomes. The impact of APMs on preparation for discharge is not well understood. We assessed whether patient-reported preparation for posthospital care was associated with reduced readmissions, and whether APM participation was associated with improved preparation for posthospital care. We used mixed-effects regression on retrospective (2013–2017) observational data for 2685 U.S. hospitals. We measured patient-reported preparation for posthospital care using the 3-Item Care Transition Measure and readmission using 30-day all-cause risk-adjusted readmissions from Hospital Compare. Participation in accountable care organizations (ACOs), Medical Homes, and Medicare's Bundled Payments for Care Improvement program was obtained from Medicare, the American Hospital Association's Annual Survey, and Leavitt Partner's ACO database. We found that APMs are not associated with improved preparation for posthospital care, even though it was associated with reduced readmissions (Marginal Effect: −0.012 percentage points). This may be because hospitals are not investing in patient engagement. This study has limited insight into causality and reduced generalizability among smaller, rural, and non-teaching hospitals.

НИЗКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ МЕЖБЮДЖЕТНЫХ ТРАНСФЕРТОВ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The scientific article is devoted to the problem of low efficiency of interbudgetary transfers in the public finance system of the Russian Federation. The study is conducted to identify the main factors influencing the low efficiency of transfer of funds between different levels of the budget system, and to develop recommendations for improving this situation. The authors draw attention to the imbalance in the distribution of financial resources between different regions, which creates problems in ensuring the socio-economic development of less developed territories. The rest of the article analyzes the reasons underlying the low efficiency of intergovernmental transfers. Factors include insufficient transparency in the distribution of funds, a complex system for distributing mandatory expenses, as well as problems of corruption at the level of regional and local authorities. Particular attention is paid to financial management models that promote more efficient use of budget resources at the local level. In addition, the article emphasizes the importance of the participation of public organizations, experts and representatives of the business community in the process of discussion and decision-making on issues of interbudgetary transfers. Active involvement of civil society can contribute to more transparent and responsible use of budget funds. In conclusion, the article puts forward the idea of the need for an integrated approach to solving the problem, which includes changes in legislation, strengthening the institutional framework, as well as training and support for regional and local authorities in order to increase their efficiency in managing budget resources. Thus, this scientific article offers extensive analysis and constructive proposals for improving the efficiency of intergovernmental transfers in the Russian Federation, taking into account the multidimensional aspects affecting this problem.

Factors influencing global citizenship competencies: A structural equation model of adult learners in Taiwan

Compared to formal education, adult education is one of the most crucial systems for social education and lifelong learning. This paper examines learners' global citizenship competencies and analyzes the influence of demographic variables. Moreover, this article employs structural equation modeling by developing a survey instrument to measure global citizenship competence. The researchers sampled learners from community colleges in Taiwan, distributing 1,400 paper questionnaires, and receiving 1,280 responses. Research findings are: (1) Adult learners' performance in global citizenship competencies is uneven. Participation in multiculturalism, economic phenomena, and political organizations needs to be more advanced. (2) Adult learners' global citizenship competencies were significantly affected by demographic variables such as educational attainment, occupation, monthly personal income, and in an urban or rural area. (3) Results showed that the structural equation modeling is appropriate and has good explanatory power. Implications and suggestions are given at the end.

Intellectual Property Regimes in Central Asia: Assessing Innovation Performance, International Agreements, And WTO Participation

This article presents a comprehensive examination of the intricate relationship between intellectual property (IP) and trade in the context of Central Asia, a region characterized by burgeoning economic development and the pursuit of international trade integration. The study has two overarching sections: the first examines the intellectual property landscape, while the second elaborates the region's participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO). IP segment commences with an evaluation of Central Asian countries' innovation performance, drawing insights from the Global Innovation Index 2023. It proceeds to dissect the patterns of ratification of international IP agreements in the region. Subsequently, it delves into the implications of intellectual property activities, offering a comparative analysis of the experiences of Kazakhstan. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in 2021. Shifting focus to the WTO section, the study examines the role of the WTO in Central Asia's trade and IP landscape. It provides an overview and analysis of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and its influence on IP protection. Finally, it explores the challenges and advancements in IP protection, laying bare the contrast between Kazakhstan. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. This article yields a multifaceted understanding of the intricate interplay between IP and trade within the Central Asian region. It unravels critical insights, emphasizing the evolving significance of IP in the landscape of international trade and offering a robust foundation for further exploration and policy deliberations in this dynamic domain.

Status and Conservation Effort of Distance Waters Fisheries in Indonesia

Distant waters fisheries in Indonesia are an important fisheries sector which accounts for foreign exchange from the export of tuna and the tuna like commodities. Lack of private investment and government support led to the development of these fisheries is not as fast as coastal fisheries. In recent years, the government has provided significant support for the development of offshore fisheries, such as implementation of a policy of aid 1000 units of larger fishing vessels 30 GT to fishermen to operate in Indonesia EEZ waters, and provided some policies that support the fisheries including Indonesia’s participation in regional fisheries management organizations (RFMO). This will support better conditions for business activities of the fisheries. By becoming a member of RFMO, Indonesia plays an active role in achieving global sustainable fisheries management. Nevertheless, some important issues and problems in particular tuna fisheries is a challenge that must be solved. This paper reviews the status of distant waters fisheries in Indonesia and conservation efforts as well as the management of fish resources

ВОПРОСЫ НАДЕЛЕНИЯ САМОРЕГУЛИРУЕМЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ ПУБЛИЧНО-ВЛАСТНЫМИ ФУНКЦИЯМИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ

The article discusses the problematic issues of endowing self-regulatory organizations with public authority functions and powers aimed at exercising delegated functions. The author studies the essence of the representative, regulatory, organizational, accounting, control and jurisdictional functions of self-regulating organizations. The positive impact of the model of legal relations with the participation of self-regulating organizations, state executive authorities and participants of such organizations on the entire system of legal relations in the field of self-regulation is noted. Special attention is paid to the problems and contradictions that occur in the sphere of direct implementation of representative, regulatory functions by self-regulating organizations, as well as unnecessarily cumbersome control over their activities by the state. The ways of improving legislation in the field of performance of delegated public authority functions by self-regulating organizations are proposed. The conclusion is substantiated that the existence of such legislative problems as: the declarative nature of the representative function, excessive state interference in the regulatory function, cumbersome legislation in the field of control and supervision of SRO activities significantly reduces the functional potential of SRO and does not allow achieving the goals set in their activities.