Participation In Management Programs Research Articles

Synergy Analysis between Environmental Awareness, Student Participation, and Campus Policies in Waste Reduction and Energy Efficiency at Bina Sarana Informatika University

This research aims to analyze the synergy between three key elements of environmental awareness, student participation, and campus policy in the context of waste reduction and energy efficiency at Bina Sarana Informatika University. The method applied is descriptive observation, where data is collected through field notes in various campus locations as well as in-depth interviews with students. The results indicate that high environmental awareness among students contributes significantly to their active participation in waste management programs and efficient energy use practices. In addition, campus policies that support environmental initiatives were shown to play an important role in increasing student involvement. This synergy between environmental awareness, student participation, and campus policies contributes to the creation of a more sustainable campus environment. The findings also provide strategic recommendations to strengthen environmental education programs and increase student engagement in sustainability-focused campus policies, thereby encouraging more environmentally responsible behavior in the future.

Identifying Predictors of Heart Failure Readmission in Patients From a Statutory Health Insurance Database: Retrospective Machine Learning Study.

Patients with heart failure (HF) are the most commonly readmitted group of adult patients in Germany. Most patients with HF are readmitted for noncardiovascular reasons. Understanding the relevance of HF management outside the hospital setting is critical to understanding HF and factors that lead to readmission. Application of machine learning (ML) on data from statutory health insurance (SHI) allows the evaluation of large longitudinal data sets representative of the general population to support clinical decision-making. This study aims to evaluate the ability of ML methods to predict 1-year all-cause and HF-specific readmission after initial HF-related admission of patients with HF in outpatient SHI data and identify important predictors. We identified individuals with HF using outpatient data from 2012 to 2018 from the AOK Baden-Württemberg SHI in Germany. We then trained and applied regression and ML algorithms to predict the first all-cause and HF-specific readmission in the year after the first admission for HF. We fitted a random forest, an elastic net, a stepwise regression, and a logistic regression to predict readmission by using diagnosis codes, drug exposures, demographics (age, sex, nationality, and type of coverage within SHI), degree of rurality for residence, and participation in disease management programs for common chronic conditions (diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, breast cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and coronary heart disease). We then evaluated the predictors of HF readmission according to their importance and direction to predict readmission. Our final data set consisted of 97,529 individuals with HF, and 78,044 (80%) were readmitted within the observation period. Of the tested modeling approaches, the random forest approach best predicted 1-year all-cause and HF-specific readmission with a C-statistic of 0.68 and 0.69, respectively. Important predictors for 1-year all-cause readmission included prescription of pantoprazole, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis, sex, rurality, and participation in disease management programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Relevant features for HF-specific readmission included a large number of canonical HF comorbidities. While many of the predictors we identified were known to be relevant comorbidities for HF, we also uncovered several novel associations. Disease management programs have widely been shown to be effective at managing chronic disease; however, our results indicate that in the short term they may be useful for targeting patients with HF with comorbidity at increased risk of readmission. Our results also show that living in a more rural location increases the risk of readmission. Overall, factors beyond comorbid disease were relevant for risk of HF readmission. This finding may impact how outpatient physicians identify and monitor patients at risk of HF readmission.

Impact of community-driven biogas initiatives on waste vegetable reduction for energy sustainability in developing countries

This research investigates the management of waste vegetables in Lagos, Nigeria, aiming to enhance sustainability and reduce environmental impact. This study explores existing waste management practices and assesses their effectiveness through a mixed-method approach combining quantitative data collection on waste volumes and qualitative interviews with stakeholders. Significant findings indicate a steady increase in waste vegetable generation in Lagos, from 120,000 tons in 2016 to 140,000 tons in 2020. Current management practices primarily involve landfilling, with minimal recycling. However, pilot projects on composting and biogas production show promising results in reducing landfill use and providing renewable energy. For instance, composting initiatives have successfully decreased landfill usage from 100% in 2019 to 60% in 2024, and community participation in waste management programs has grown from 10% to 85% over the same period. The study concludes that while Lagos faces significant waste management challenges, sustainable practices like composting and biogas production can effectively address these issues. The research underscores the need for policy support and increased community engagement to expand these initiatives, suggesting a potential model for other developing cities with similar challenges.

Pastures as natural climate solutions: A socioecological study of tree carbon and beef production trade-offs

Sustainable management strategies that facilitate the incorporation of trees into cattle pastures are widely recognized as emerging natural climate solutions. However, their potential to dually improve ecological functioning and human livelihoods has yet to be evaluated across regions on local scales, utilizing both ecological and sociological data. Further, the relationship between landowner participation in conservation management programs (CMPS) and their management priorities (i.e. production vs sustainability) also remains unclear. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of past global-scale remote estimations of aboveground biomass and derived tree carbon density (MgC ha−1) within pasturelands at the local scale in both temperate and tropical regions. We also sought to analyze how participation in CMPs related to the perceptions of stakeholders toward the ecological health of their system. We compared findings between farms in temperate (n = 26) and tropical (n = 16) ecosystems. We found that discrepancies exist between previous remote studies and current field estimations of tree carbon in the farms, and these differences were not regionally uniform. In contrast, stakeholders enrolled in CMPs had a higher value of trees in both regions. CMPs participants also had lower annual stocking rates than those that practiced conventional management but no differences in woody species diversity (H’) or tree carbon (MgC ha−1). We demonstrate the urgent need for local-scale studies to accurately estimate tree carbon in mosaic pasture systems and the importance of conservation management in shifting the priorities of landowners, which could eventually lead to more sustainable systems.

Diabetic Self-Management and Correlated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevention of diabetes complications has an important role in decreasing mortality and morbidity in diabetes patients. Self-management in diabetic patients (DSM) is a recommended strategy to increase the quality of life in diabetes patients. Several factors are related to self-management in diabetic patients. This study aims to discover factors related to self-management in diabetic patients. This is a cross-sectional study performed on 42 diabetic patients. Respondents were given a Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) and a self-management behaviour questionnaire in Diabetes Mellitus (SMDM). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. This study had no significant relation between age and self-management (p = 0.987). There was also no statistically significant relationship between gender, education level, and knowledge level with p-value of 0.651, 0.559, and 0.558, respectively. Moreover, there was no correlation between participation in chronic disease management programs and self-management with p = 0.559. This study concluded no correlation between age, gender, education level, knowledge level, and participation in chronic disease management programs with self-management of diabetic patients.

ISOMETRIC EXERCISES AND MASSAGE FOR HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT PROLANIS MEMBERS AT JOHAR BARU HEALTH CENTER, JAKARTA

Hypertension is a global health problem and is recognized as a major contributor to the burden of cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of hypertension continues to increase due to lifestyle changes such as smoking, obesity and psychosocial stress. It is important to educate people with hypertension to self-manage themselves at home. This community service activity aimed to provide health information about hypertension and self-management in the form of exercise and massage. This activity was attended by 30 Prolanis (Chronic Disease Management Program) participants at Johar Baru Health Center in Jakarta. There were 5 sessions in this activity: Session 1&2 for registration and measurement of physiological parameters, followed by cardiovascular exercises. Session 3 for health education about hypertension in general, then followed by next session on isometric exercises with a tennis ball and final session on of self-massage exercise. The evaluation done on this activity showed that the participants demonstrated isometric exercises and back massage techniques that can be carried out independently. Hypertensive patients are expected to be actively involved in Prolanis activities and conduct self-management intervention to maintain their blood pressure and prevent the complications.

Business case or paradoxical decision-making frame? What's influencing Australian managers' participation in energy demand response

Meeting the challenges of rapid progress to net-zero emissions requires action from both electricity generators and consumers. Through their participation in energy management programs, such as demand response, businesses can contribute to the provision of much needed balancing services for electricity markets to ensure reliability and security of supply under an increasing volume of renewable energy. However, how businesses decide to participate in these programs and what factors influence these decisions is not well understood. This study interviews managers in 23 commercial and industrial businesses to investigate the decision-making process used by these managers when deciding to participate in demand response programs. We highlight the integrated nature of the cognitive processes involved, and the factors which influence these decisions (including information sought). Intervention points are identified with application for utilities, regulators, policy makers and demand response program providers seeking to increase commercial and industrial participation in demand response.

Participatory management effects on nurses' organizational support and moral distress.

Providing care for hospitalized children causes moral distress to nurses. Employee participation in discovering and solving the everyday problems of the workplace is one of the ways to hear the voices of nurses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of participatory management programs on perceived organizational support and moral distress in pediatric nurses. A quasi-experimental study. The present study was conducted on 114 pediatric nurses in Iran. Data were collected using the Perceived Organizational Support Scale and the Moral Distress Scale of nurses. The intervention included implementing a participatory management program in three treatment departments that were randomly selected and it lasted 4months. Participatory management was at the level of problem-solving with a focus on investigating, solving, and correcting issues and problems of work shifts and departments concerning the physical environment, equipment of the department, improvement of work processes, and team cooperation. In the control group, ordinary organizational approaches to problem-solving were used. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad School of Nursing and Midwifery. Informed consent was obtained from the study participants. Based on the results, both groups were homogenous before the intervention in terms of moral distress and perceived organizational support. The results showed that the moral distress mean scores in the intervention group decreased from 1.45 (0.52) to 1.03 (0.37) after the intervention. Also, the score of the perceived organizational support was 2.12 (1.2) increased after the intervention to 2.68 (1.10) in the intervention group. It was found that the participation of nurses in the problem-solving process to solve daily workplace issues can be effective in increasing their perceived organizational support and reducing their moral distress.

Strengthening Resilience to Fire Disasters through Community Participation in Gikomba Market, Nairobi City County, Kenya

Fire disasters accounts for 20% of the total disaster in Kenya, with direct property loss estimated at USD 595,715 From 2014 to 2022, a total of 248 fire incidences were reported in Nairobi, about 30 of which occurred in the Gikomba market. Contribution of community in disaster risk mangenet can never be overlooked in disaster resilience building. Even though the concept of multi-stakeholder has been adopted in Kenya, the community's involvement in disaster risk management has always been passive. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine how the level of fire risk awareness by the Gikomba community affects their participation in disasters risk management. This study was guided by the model of Sense of Community Responsibility (SOCR), Rocha’s community empowerment model, and the theory of margin. A mixed research design was adopted in the study. A stratified random sample was obtained by dividing the Gikomba market population into several homogenous and non-overlapping strata based on the nature of the business. Open-ended questionnaires were administered to collect quantitative data from 384 respondents. On the other hand, the no-probability sampling technique was used through purposive snowball sampling to collect qualitative data through interviews. Key informants were mainly disaster experts drawn from, national, county, and private stakeholders. Quantitative data was analyzed through SPSS (version 26) software, while qualitative data was organized into meaningful and reasonable units that were coded using words or short phrases. The study established that level of community understanding of their involvement in disaster risk management was low since 52% of the respondents believed that disaster risk reduction was the sole duty of the national government or county governments. Therefore, this study recommends that, both national and county governments enact and implement laws that will enhance community participation in disaster risk management programs as part of the stakeholder group in line with the existing multiagency concept of operation. Further disaster risk awareness should be integrated into school curricula to improve disaster awareness at the local level.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Arthritis Among Caregivers - 17 States, 2017 and 2019.

Caregiving provides numerous benefits to both caregivers and care recipients; however, it can also negatively affect caregivers' mental and physical health (1-4), and caregiving tasks often require physical exertion (1). Approximately 44% of adults with arthritis report limitations attributable to arthritis, including trouble doing daily activities (5). These limitations might affect caregivers' ability to provide care, but little is known about arthritis among caregivers. To assess arthritis among caregivers of a family member or friend, CDC examined data from 17 states that administered both the arthritis and caregiving modules as part of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in either 2017 or 2019. Approximately one in five adults (20.6%) was a caregiver. Prevalence of arthritis was higher among caregivers (35.1%) than noncaregivers (24.5%). Compared with caregivers without arthritis, those with arthritis provided similar types of care and were more likely to have provided care for ≥5 years and for ≥40 hours per week. In addition, higher proportions of caregivers with arthritis reported disabilities compared with those without arthritis, including mobility issues (38.0% versus 7.3%). Arthritis among caregivers might affect their own health as well as the care they can provide. Caregivers can discuss their arthritis and related limitations with a health care professional to identify ways to increase their physical activity and participation in lifestyle management programs.* Such interventions might ease arthritis pain and related limitations and might support them in their ongoing caregiving role. Public health professionals can implement strategies to support caregivers throughout the caregiving process.†.

Adherence to the Data Submission Protocol in a Diabetes Telehealth Service Pre and Post Deployment of an Adherence Optimization Module.

Telehealth services for chronic diseases are becoming more and more popular since they are expected to improve health outcomes and reduce costs. Especially for diabetes patients, life-long disease management is required. However, there are situations in a patient's life, when motivation to continue the participation in disease management programs is low and the dropout-risk is high. We analysed if an adherence management module provided to healthcare professionals within a pre-existing diabetes telehealth service can improve the long-term adherence. The adherence to the agreed data submission protocol was determined prior and post implementation of the adherence management module. Adherence to the agreed data submission protocol was higher after implementation of the adherence management module as compared to previous years. Adherence to the agreed data submission protocol can be improved by helping healthcare professionals to identify patients at risk of dropout. Further analyses are indicated to proof these results in a prospective study.

Changes in Child Weight, Behaviors, and Family Dynamics during Parental Participation in a Medical Weight Management Program: A Longitudinal Uncontrolled Pilot Study.

Background: There is limited evidence of the effects of parental participation in outpatient medical weight management (MWM) programs on children. The aims of the project were to (1) identify time effects from parental participation in the MWM program on changes in child weight trajectories, healthy and unhealthy weight control practices, physical and sedentary activity, parental restrictive feeding and pressure to eat, and family functioning and communication and (2) determine differences based on child factors. Methods: A longitudinal uncontrolled pilot study was conducted, in which parent-child (ages 7-19) dyads completed assessments at parents' MWM program initiation, 3 months (mid-program), 6 months (end of program), and 12 months to determine sustained effects. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was completed using a mixed multilevel modeling approach using Restricted Maximum Likelihood estimation method; each outcome was additionally analyzed with child baseline weight status, age group, and sex as between-subjects factors. Results: Fifty three dyads met inclusion criteria, 23 completed the initial assessment (enrollment: 43.3%), and 13 completed the 12-month assessment (retention: 56.5%). Significant effects over time were observed for decreased parental restrictive feeding (p < 0.038) over 12 months, and group by time effects were observed for increased restrictive feeding for female compared to male children (p = 0.025) over 12 months. Marginally significant group by time effects were found for increased impaired family functioning (p = 0.054) and communication (p = 0.054) for children with overweight/obesity compared to healthy weight children over 12 months. Conclusions: Female children and children with overweight/obesity may experience increased negative family dynamics (restriction of food, family functioning, and communication) through parental MWM programs.

National Veterans Health Administration MOVE! Weight Management Program Participation During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

IntroductionIn response to COVID-19, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) converted appropriate outpatient visits to virtual care, including MOVE! Weight Management Program for Veterans (MOVE!) visits. Before the pandemic, most veterans participated in MOVE! in person, with several telehealth modalities available. We sought to describe national trends in MOVE! participation during the pandemic (March 2020–January 2021) overall and by modality and to compare participation to prepandemic levels.MethodsWe conducted a national retrospective cohort study of veterans who participated in MOVE! from January 2018 through January 2021. We examined MOVE! participation across VHA aggregated at the national level by month, including the number of visits, participants, and new participants in person and via telehealth, including telephone, clinic-to-clinic synchronous video, anywhere-to-anywhere (eg, provider home to patient home) synchronous video, and remote education and monitoring. We also determined the percentage of all MOVE! visits attributable to each modality and the monthly percentage change in participation during the pandemic compared with monthly averages in prior years.ResultsBefore March 2020, 20% to 30% of MOVE! was delivered via telehealth, which increased to 90% by April 2020. Early in the pandemic, telephone-delivered MOVE! was the most common modality, but anywhere-to-anywhere synchronous video participation increased over time. Compared with the same months in prior years, total monthly MOVE! participation remained 20% to 40% lower at the end of 2020 and into January 2021.ConclusionThe VHA MOVE! program rapidly shifted to telehealth delivery of weight management services in response to the pandemic. However, a gap remained in the number of veterans receiving these services compared with prior years, suggesting potential unmet needs for weight management.

Time poverty and food production of women farmers: Case of Imbulpe DS division in Sri Lanka

Gender equity has been emphasized as a considerable aspect regarding sustainable development in any nation of the world. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the level of time poverty of women farmers and its impact for food production in the Imbulpe Divisional Secretariat (DS) division in Rathnapura district in Sri Lanka. The objectives were to identify the time allocation of women farmers and to assess the time poverty and the effect of time poverty on food production in the study area. A sample of 300 women farmers was randomly selected through the simple random sampling method from five selected Grama Niladhari (GN) divisions of the Imbulpe DS division. A self-administered questionnaire survey was used with the help of a pre-tested questionnaire, in data collection from April to July 2019. The model of Harvey and Mukhopadhyay (2007) was used as the measurement of time poverty with necessary modifications based on the situation of the study area. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used in data analysis. The findings revealed that the respondents have obtained a considerably high headcount index of time poverty (0.79) in their efforts in food production. Therefore, it can be concluded that women farmers who live in the Imbulpe area consist of a low level of time for their farming and leisure activities. Therefore, conducting extension programs related to the application of modern farming technologies and enhance market information accessibility to reduce the time consume when marketing their agricultural products and enhance the participation in stress management programs are timely important activities to help these women farmers.

The effectiveness of a parent participation in postoperative pain management programs for children in a urology ward: A randomized controlled trial.

Postoperative pain has adverse effects on children after urology treatment, including sleep disturbance, incision dehiscence, bleeding, and delayed recovery. Parents, as the most direct caregivers of children, can make accurate assessments of children´s personal behaviors and responses, which is very important for the management of postoperative pain in children. The purpose of the current study was to develop a Parent Participation in Postoperative Pain Management Program for children in a urology ward and to evaluate its effects on children's postoperative pain scores and other outcome indicators. This research comprised two phases. The first phase was the development of a Parent Participation in Postoperative Pain Management Program. The second phase was a randomized controlled trial between two groups, and was carried out in a 45-bed inpatient urology ward of a tertiary children's hospital in China. In the trial, 211 children and their parents were randomly selected as a control group between July 1 and August 15, 2019, and 202 children and their parents were randomly selected as an intervention group between August 16 and September 15, 2019. Following the framework and methods of the Evidence-based Continuous Quality Improvement Model developed at Fudan University Evidence-Based Nursing Center, we systematically gathered evidence regarding parental involvement in postoperative pain management in children to construct the program. To evaluate the program's effectiveness, the control group performed routine postoperative pain management, while the intervention group underwent the Parent Participation in Postoperative Pain Management Program. The management period was during hospitalization, and generally ranged 3-7days. The Statistical Table of Pain Assessment for Children after Urology was employed by researchers. The results revealed no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups of children and their parents. Children's pain scores during dressing removal (Z=-3.108, p=0.002), at discharge (Z=-2.185, p=0.029) and during catheter removal (Z=-6.553, p=0.000) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group. The Parent Participation in Postoperative Pain Management Program was found to be effective for alleviating postoperative pain scores among children, and provided useful information regarding postoperative pain management in children involving four aspects of parental involvement: cognition, guidance, documentation and support.

Land property rights and household take-up of development programs: Evidence from land certification program in Ethiopia

• The study examines the impact of land property rights on take-up of agricultural development interventions in Ethiopia. • We find that land certification has a positive impact on the take-up of agricultural extension package program. • Land certification status significantly predicts farm household adoption of chemical fertilizer. • Secure land rights play a key role in household participation in community level land and water management programs. • The study promotes land rights as mechanism to promote agricultural development and sustainable land and water management. Access to secure land plays a key role in the socio-economic development of agricultural households. Since 1998, large-scale land certification programs aimed at strengthening the land property rights of agricultural households in Ethiopia have been implemented across regions to varying degrees. Using a three-period, large-scale nationally representative panel dataset from Ethiopia, this paper investigates the importance of access to secure land property right in the form of land certification for household take-up of agricultural development interventions that aim to improve household agricultural productivity and sustainable land use at a community level. We studied the take-up of agricultural extension packages and participation in community level sustainable land and water management programs as outcome variables. To account for potential endogeneity in the allocation of certificates and other confounding factors, we applied different panel data methods including instrumental variable approach. We find that access to secure property rights have a positive and significant effect on household take-up agricultural development interventions: agricultural extension packages and sustainable land and water management interventions. Additionally, we find that land certificates significantly predict household adoption of chemical fertilizers.

Insurance Coverage of Pediatric Bariatric Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the USA.

Pediatric bariatric surgery is increasingly recognized as a safe and effective option for the management of obesity and obesity-related conditions. However, insurance coverage is a key barrier to accessing these procedures. Criteria are variable and often not evidence-based. In an effort to characterize common patterns in insurance coverage, we report coverage criteria for adolescents relative to adults. We surveyed medical policies of the 50 highest market share health insurance providers in the USA. Private insurer coverage criteria included age, Tanner staging, skeletal maturity, body mass index, procedures covered, medical weight management requirements, co-morbidities, and multidisciplinary team criteria. These were then compared to the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) guidelines. Two thirds (n = 33, 66%) of companies provided inclusion criteria for adolescents. All policies covered RYGB (n = 33), most covered sleeve gastrectomy (n = 32, 97.0%). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (n = 32, 97%), hypertension (HTN) (n = 27, 81.8%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (n = 11, 33.3%) were the three most commonly cited co-morbidities used as inclusion criteria. Tanner staging or skeletal maturity were most commonly used (n = 10, 30.3%). Similarly, twenty (60.6%) insurers required medical weight management programs. Multi-disciplinary teams were required by 81.8% of adolescent policies (n = 27) as described by the ASMBS. Seventeen (51.5%) policies defined providers for these teams, and 10 (30.3%) provided other defined criteria. Contrary to ASMBS guidelines, companies commonly require Tanner staging and/or skeletal maturity criteria as well as participation in medical weight management programs. Also, multi-disciplinary team are frequently required but not well defined.

Resident-based learning model for sustainable resident participation in municipal solid waste management program

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Encouraging resident participation in the Municipal Solid Waste Management system still becomes a challenge for cities in developing countries. Previous studies showed that existing education strategies ineffective and insufficient to change resident behavior sustainably. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a resident-based learning model to encourage sustainable resident participation in waste management programs at the household level using the Community of Practice approach. METHODS: This study was a conceptual model study using a case study as the research strategy. The case being analyzed was Kawasan Bebas Sampah (Zero Waste Area) program implemented in Bandung City, Indonesia. The primary data was collected through field observation on the 8 Kawasan bebas sampah and in-depth interviews with 63 key informants comprising 31 key actors in the educational programs and 32 informants as resident representatives, conducted from January 2020 – November 2020. Additional data from the quantitative method was gathered in April 2021, focusing on surveying resident’s habits toward waste management as evidence of the program result. The respondents were 490 residents, chosen using the purposive-random sampling method. FINDING: The findings showed that the education strategy implemented in Bandung City, Indonesia presented effective results, based on waste reduction rate reaching up to 0, 47% at the city level from 2019 to 2020. The survey provided evidence that the education program has succeeded in forming new habits for residents. Averagely 60% of respondents in each sample area have the habits and up to > 90% for the areas with more durable education program. Some critical points for education strategy implementations are identified. First, collaboration and supports from key stakeholders such as facilitators, local leaders, and educators become the enabler of the program. Second, key stakeholders need to identify knowledge and value needs before the program started. Third, the learning activities are conditioned to facilitate practice-based and dialogue-based learning through group and non-group learning activities. Fourth, local cadres are vital to sustaining the education program. CONCLUSION: This study has succeeded in giving a new strategic approach to improve resident participation in municipal solid waste management. The resident-based learning model proposed in this study offered a more effective strategy for other cities in developing countries to improve the sustainable participation of residents in their waste management system. However, some adjustments may be required for residents with different characteristics. Future studies may focus on testing and refining the model to improve its applicability.

Heterogeneity in Preferences for Nonfinancial Incentives to Engage Landholders in Native Vegetation Management

Most of Australia's native forest vegetation is located on private land, and conservation success often depends on landholders' participation in bush management programs. To understand landholders' preferences for these programs'attributes, we surveyed 251 landholders within historical deforestation hot spots across Queensland, Australia. Landholders were asked to make pairwise comparisons of 10 nonfinancial incentives and one financial compensation scheme. Based on a latent class analysis, we identify three distinct landholder classes. We discuss the implication of our results for the future design of native vegetation management and conservation policy instruments.

PUBLIC OPINION, PERCEPTION AND KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) LEVEL ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS IN PENAMPANG, SABAH: A VILLAGE-LEVEL STUDY

Information on the citizen’s knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) level is critical as educational diagnosis and guideline prior to implementation of publicly funded programs and policies. Essentially, the citizen’s perception on the effectiveness of the solid waste management programs and policies are also imperative. This research studied the KAP level of 113 respondents in Hubah Village, Penampang and most respondents have excellent levels of KAP. Gender of the respondents were found to be significantly related to their knowledge level, and both their attitude and practice was significantly correlated with their education level using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman Rho test also reveals that knowledge and attitude has positive correlation with each other. Subsequently, the study explored on the respondents’ opinion and perception on solid waste management programs implemented locally. It was found out that 74.3 per cent of the respondents stated that the provision of waste management services is generally inadequate. Another 75.2 per cent said that the communication tools needed improvement to increase citizen participation in solid waste management programs. 78.8 per cent of the respondents also agreed that education and awareness programs should be inclusive to all levels of society and not only targeting certain groups as what have been done previously. 54 per cent of the citizen wanted an improvement in the accessibility of officers and policy makers regarding issues on solid waste management, and 51.3 per cent agreed that technology should be optimized to ensure acceptance and participation in solid waste management programs from the citizen could be improved.