Participation In Home Activities Research Articles

Difference in home participation patterns and environmental factors between Korean children with and without disabilities

Purpose To identify the participation patterns of Korean children with and without disabilities at home, and the environmental factors affecting their participation. Materials and methods The Korean Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth were applied to 184 caregivers of children aged 5 to 13 years in South Korea. To explore home participation patterns and environmental factors at the item level, analysis of covariance, Pearson’s chi-square tests, and radar plots were used. Results The largest group differences in participation frequency were in “school preparation” and “homework” and those at involvement level were in “indoor play and games,” “getting together with other people,” “school preparation,” and “homework.” More caregivers of children with disabilities desired changes in their children’s participation in all activities. They also perceived that “physical, cognitive, and social demands of typical home activities,” “supplies,” and “money” hindered children’s home participation. Conclusions The findings provide information about how Korean children participated in home-based activities, whether their caregivers desired changes in their participation, and what environmental factors impede their home participation. These can help service providers understand the interaction between participation and environmental factors and offer insight into where their service goals should be focused for the successful participation of children with disabilities at home. Implications for Rehabilitation As children with disabilities spend much time at home, their parents need to consider both how many times their children participate and how much they get involved in home-based activities. Rehabilitation service providers need to focus on whether parents are satisfied with their children’s participation in home activities to decide where much effort is needed for meaningfully occupying children’s time at home. The goal of rehabilitation services can be to mitigate a poor fit between children’s abilities and the demands of activities for successful participation in home activities. Measuring not only the quantity of participation but also the quality of participation is helpful for setting a collaborative goal with parents to improve the participation of children with disabilities at home.

Caregiver dissatisfaction with their child\u2019s participation in home activities after pediatric critical illness

BackgroundPediatric critical care is often accompanied by a variety of functional impairments. Preliminary evidence suggests children’s participation in home activities has a slow trajectory post-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharge, however, additional and more granular knowledge on specific problematic activities is needed to inform patient-centric rehabilitative care. The objectives of this study are to identify common home activities in which caregivers’ report dissatisfaction and to determine predictors of caregivers’ dissatisfaction with their child’s participation in home activities post-PICU discharge.MethodsSecondary analyses of data from a prospective cohort study, the Wee-Cover study, using a subsample of caregivers (N = 170) of children 1–17 years, admitted to a PICU ≥48 h with data on our primary outcome measure from at least one time point. Data were gathered at enrollment and at 3 and 6 months post-PICU discharge. Caregivers reported on their dissatisfaction with their child’s participation in home activities via the Participation and Environment Measure. Common activities were identified by plotting caregiver dissatisfaction for each activity pre-and post-PICU, reporting activities in which ≥50% of caregivers reported dissatisfaction with post-PICU, and assessing for significantly different dissatisfaction levels between time-points for each activity. Predictors of caregiver dissatisfaction were assessed using Poisson generalized estimated equation models.ResultsThere was variability in reported dissatisfaction across all activities; ≥50% of caregivers reported dissatisfaction with five activities, including getting clean, personal care management, and mealtime for younger children and household chores and homework for school-aged children and youth. Four activities had significantly higher caregiver dissatisfaction post-PICU: sleep (children < 5 years), homework, indoor play and games, and computer/video games (children ≥5 years). Home environmental support and the interaction of having participation-focused strategies with receiving PICU-based rehabilitation services were negatively associated with caregiver dissatisfaction. Increased caregiver stress and functional performance were associated with increased dissatisfaction.ConclusionsIndividualized PICU-based rehabilitation services to determine family priorities and develop participation-focused strategies, specifically those increasing environmental supports within the home, may ease the family’s transition home post-PICU.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02148081 05/28/2014.

Caregiver Desire for Their Child's Participation in Home Activities to Change After Critical Illness

To determine predictors of caregivers’ desire for their child’s participation in home activities to change post-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharge, and to identify most common home activities in which change is desired.

Determinants of change in home participation among critically ill children.

To estimate changes in home participation among critically ill children in the first 6 months after discharge from a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to explore the effect of child, service, and environmental factors on change in home participation. This was a prospective bi-center, longitudinal cohort study. Caregivers of 180 children, aged 1 to 17 years, who were admitted into the PICU for at least 48 hours were included. Patient-reported outcomes were used to capture caregivers' perspectives of their child's participation and environmental supports for participation in home activities. Data were collected at enrollment, and 3 and 6 months after discharge. There were no significant changes in home participation frequency or involvement, but involvement rates across time were moderated by functional status. Age significantly predicted participation frequency. Pre-PICU functional status and capabilities were significant predictors of participation frequency and involvement, and home environmental support significantly predicted home involvement. Results suggest relatively stable participation trajectories in the 6 months after PICU admission. Children with abnormal baseline function experienced a greater increase in home involvement after PICU. Rehabilitation interventions targeting functional capabilities and home environment may be viable approaches during the early phase of recovery. Environmental interventions may be more time-efficient after PICU stay and merit further study. Children's pre-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) functional status and capabilities impact their participation after critical illness. Children's trajectories of home involvement may differ over time based on their pre-PICU functional status. Caregiver perceptions of environmental support impact a child's home involvement after discharge from a PICU.

The role of environment in explaining frequency of participation of pre-school children in home and community activities

Objectives: The main goal of the present study was to promote an understanding of the role of environment in explaining frequency of participation of pre-school children in home and community activities.Method: Parents of 116 children from completed an adapted version of the Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM). Pre-school teachers assessed child functioning.Results: Maternal education was significantly related to the child’s frequency of participation in home and community activities. Child functioning had an indirect effect on frequency of participation in home activities through perceived environmental barriers by parents. In the community setting, child functioning was a predictor of the parents’ perception of environmental barriers and there was no evidence of a mediating effect of perceived environmental barriers.Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of modifying specific environmental factors to promote child participation and functioning.

Patterns and Correlates of Caregiver Satisfaction With Young Children’s Participation in Home Activities

Abstract Date Presented 3/31/2017 This study examines caregiver dissatisfaction with the home participation of young children with and without disabilities, delays, or both. Context-specific knowledge about young children’s participation may allow practitioners to identify appropriate intervention targets for optimizing participation. Primary Author and Speaker: Lauren Nale Contributing Authors: David Greene, Lisa Daunhauer, Beth McManus, Mary Khetani

Enriched Home Environment Program for Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Date Presented 4/18/2015 In this study, we discuss the impact of the Enriched Home Environment Program (EHEP) on participation in home activities between two preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), using case study methodology.

Enriched Home Environment Program for Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

This study discusses the impact of the Enriched Home Environment Program (EHEP) on participation in home activities among two children with ASD using case study methodology. EHEP involves occupational therapists to collaborate with families of children with ASD to educate them about the impact of factors that influence child’s participation within the home environment; and help them generate their own strategies to adapt or modify the environment, or routines to meet the needs of the child. The results of the study suggest that EHEP is effective in enhancing participation of children with ASD within their home environments.

Involvement of Apatani women of Arunachal Pradesh in farm and home activities

The present investigation was undertaken to study the involvement of Apatani women of Arunachal Pradesh in farm and home activities with the objective to study the selected socio-personal characteristics of Apatani women of Arunachal Pradesh and to identify the extent of involvement of Apatani women in selected farm and home activities. The study was conducted in Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. Four villages were selected for the present study. Data were collected with the help of interview schedule. Statistical technique viz., frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and coefficient correlation were used for analyzing the data. The study revealed that majority of the respondents were within the age group of 30-40, belonged to Hindu religion were mostly illiterate, married, having nuclear family and member of one organization. Observations revealed that all the respondents independently participated in sowing of seed, nursery raising, leveling of field, weeding, gap filing and application of organic manure. The findings revealed that correlation between extent of participation in farm activities and land holding was negative and significant. While relationship between extent of participation in home activities with family size was positive and significantt. The mass media exposure and occupation of the family had positive and significant relationship with extent of participation in decision making pattern in home activities. The correlation between extent of participation in farm activities and land holding was negative and significant while relationship between extent of participation in home activities with family size was positive and significant.

Influence of Home Environment on Participation in Home Activities of Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background: This study explored the key physical and social factors within the home environment that influence the participation of children with an ASD in home activities. Method: Step 1 used a correlational research design to identify relationships between the home environment and participation patterns of children with ASD. Twenty-two children, ages 3 to 6 years, with a diagnosis of ASD participated. Data were collected using the Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS), Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory (HOME), Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Social Status (ISS). In Step 2, an electronic survey gathered information from 20 occupational therapists, attempting to identify their perceptions related to factors within the home environment that influence the participation of children with ASD. Results: Significant correlations were found among parenting stress, the availability of learning materials, and parent responsiveness toward the child and the participation patterns of children in home activities. Themes relating to designated play areas for children at home, parents’ awareness of the needs of the child, and parents’ responsiveness toward their child emerged from the occupational therapists’ qualitative survey data. Conclusion: The results indicated that home environments do contribute to a child’s ability to participate in home activities.

Case Study. Transdermal buprenorphine controls central neuropathic pain

A 53-year-old male with peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy suffered an intracerebral hemorrhage resulting in right hemiparesis and hemisensory loss. Three months later, he developed constant and burning pain within the entire right side of his body. He was diagnosed with central pain syndrome and treated with antiepileptics and tricyclic antidepressants. Minimal analgesia was achieved, which was limited by intractable sedation and drowsiness. Patient was then treated with oral opioids (morphine and hydrocodone with acetaminophen) in escalating doses that produced cognitive impairment. After an opioid rotation was attempted, by switching morphine to transdermal fentanyl, there was no pain reduction or improved quality of life. A trial of buprenorphine was initiated, by administering transdermal patches in escalating doses in weekly intervals. Patient’s pain was eventually successfully controlled with buprenorphine patch 60 µg/h every 7 days. His self-reported Visual Analogue Scale pain scores decreased from an average of 8/10 to 2/10 or less. Patient’s overall function and participation in home activities increased. Buprenorphine is a partial µ-receptor and a ?-? receptor antagonist known to block NMDA receptors and reduce hyperalgesia secondary to central sensitization.1 Buprenorphine is also a partial agonist at the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1) receptor, which is found to be analgesic and antinociceptive at the level of the spinal cord.1,2 The difference in analgesic responses between buprenorphine and other opioids may be due to different receptor G protein interactions and/or selective activation of neuronal KATP channels by buprenorphine. 3 Deficient opening of KATP channels has been shown to mediate neuropathic pain4; therefore, activation of these channels by buprenorphine may contribute to its analgesic effect in neuropathic pain states wherein other opioids fail. More recently, there have been two case reports in which patients with neuropathic pain of different central etiology were successfully treated with buprenorphine. 5 Despite advances in understanding the pathology related to central pain, effective treatment options are limited. Buprenorphine may be an analgesic option for central pain management when opioids fail to reduce hypersensitivity or when patients exhibit intolerable side effects to other medications. Keywords: buprenorphine, central pain, neuropathic pain, transdermal, analgesia, opioid DOI:10.5055/jom.2012.0141

Case Study. Transdermal buprenorphine controls central neuropathic pain

A 53-year-old male with peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy suffered an intracerebral hemorrhage resulting in right hemiparesis and hemisensory loss. Three months later, he developed constant and burning pain within the entire right side of his body. He was diagnosed with central pain syndrome and treated with antiepileptics and tricyclic antidepressants. Minimal analgesia was achieved, which was limited by intractable sedation and drowsiness. Patient was then treated with oral opioids (morphine and hydrocodone with acetaminophen) in escalating doses that produced cognitive impairment. After an opioid rotation was attempted, by switching morphine to transdermal fentanyl, there was no pain reduction or improved quality of life. A trial of buprenorphine was initiated, by administering transdermal patches in escalating doses in weekly intervals. Patient's pain was eventually successfully controlled with buprenorphine patch 60 μg/h every 7 days. His self-reported Visual Analogue Scale pain scores decreased from an average of 8/10 to 2/10 or less. Patient's overall function and participation in home activities increased. Buprenorphine is a partial μ-receptor and a κ-δ receptor antagonist known to block NMDA receptors and reduce hyperalgesia secondary to central sensitization.(1) Buprenorphine is also a partial agonist at the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1) receptor, which is found to be analgesic and antinociceptive at the level of the spinal cord.(1,2) The difference in analgesic responses between buprenorphine and other opioids may be due to different receptor G protein interactions and/or selective activation of neuronal K(ATP) channels by buprenorphine.(3) Deficient opening of K(ATP) channels has been shown to mediate neuropathic pain(4); therefore, activation of these channels by buprenorphine may contribute to its analgesic effect in neuropathic pain states wherein other opioids fail. More recently, there have been two case reports in which patients with neuropathic pain of different central etiology were successfully treated with buprenorphine.(5) Despite advances in understanding the pathology related to central pain, effective treatment options are limited. Buprenorphine may be an analgesic option for central pain management when opioids fail to reduce hypersensitivity or when patients exhibit intolerable side effects to other medications.

Habitual patterns of physical activity during pregnancy and postnatally

Few British studies appear to follow expectant mothers through the gestative period and study patterns of activity during all three trimesters of pregnancy and after birth. This study set out to investigate patterns of physical activity throughout pregnancy and after birth in women living in London. Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, physical activity levels were assessed at weeks 13, 25, 35 of pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum. Ninety-four primiparous pregnant women were recruited at the study start and 70, 58, 59 and 54 completed the first, second, third trimester and postpartum study stages respectively. Women undertook most vigorous activity in the first trimester of pregnancy (29.8mins per day). Up to 5 kcal per kg per day of energy was expended through participation in home activities after birth. This study demonstrates that domains of activity change as pregnancy progresses and that household activity plays a key role in contributing to energy expenditure, particularly after birth.